框架篇：Spring+SpringMVC+hibernate整合开发

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我是靠谱客的博主懵懂战斗机，最近开发中收集的这篇文章主要介绍框架篇：Spring+SpringMVC+hibernate整合开发，觉得挺不错的，现在分享给大家，希望可以做个参考。

概述

前言：

　　最近没什么事做，搭个框架写成博客记录下来，拉通一下之前所学知识.

　　话不多说，我们直接步入正题。

　　准备工作：

　　　　 1/安装并配置java运行环境

　　　　 2/数据库的安装配置（Mysql）

　　　　 3/安装并配置服务器(Tomcat)

　　　　 4/Maven

　　　　 5/ IntelliJIDEA的安装配置（本人使用的主要软件是IntelliJIDEA,没用eclipse什么的）

　　　　6/ 使用IntelliJIDEA创建一个web app项目。

　　　　貌似就这些了吧

导包

不同于以往的导包，由于我们创建的是maven的webapp项目，所以现在只需配置下pomxml这个配置文件，系统会自动到maven的中央仓库去下载相应的包.

本人的pom.xml配置文件如下（都写有说明的哈）：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>XRog</groupId>
<artifactId>ssh</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>ssh Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<!-- 本人将配置包的版本信息都统一放入此处，方便以后管理-->
<properties>
<springVersion>4.3.1.RELEASE</springVersion>
<hibernateVersion>4.3.5.Final</hibernateVersion>
<jstlVersion>1.2</jstlVersion>
<taglibVersion>1.1.2</taglibVersion>
<servletVersion>3.0-alpha-1</servletVersion>
<jsonVersion>1.9.13</jsonVersion>
<jacksonVersion>2.5.0</jacksonVersion>
<mysqlVersion>5.1.38</mysqlVersion>
<c3p0Version>0.9.1.2</c3p0Version>
<log4jVersion>1.2.17</log4jVersion>
<fileuploadVersion>1.3.1</fileuploadVersion>
<lombokVersion>1.16.10</lombokVersion>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- 单元测试 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- spring-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${springVersion}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${springVersion}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${springVersion}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
<version>${springVersion}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- spring web + spring MVC-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${springVersion}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${springVersion}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- hibernate配置-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>${hibernateVersion}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- hibernate 缓存, 视情况添加-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-ehcache</artifactId>
<version>${hibernateVersion}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- jsp页面使用的jstl支持-->
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>${jstlVersion}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>taglibs</groupId>
<artifactId>standard</artifactId>
<version>${taglibVersion}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>${servletVersion}</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- DataBase数据库连接 mysql包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>${mysqlVersion}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 数据库连接池-->
<dependency>
<groupId>c3p0</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>${c3p0Version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- json数据 使springMVC可以返回json值 ,视情况添加-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
<version>${jsonVersion}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Jackson可以轻松的将Java对象转换成json对象和xml文档,同样也可以将json、xml转换成Java对象-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>${jacksonVersion}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
<version>${jacksonVersion}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>${jacksonVersion}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- log4j配置, 视情况添加-->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>${log4jVersion}</version>
</dependency>
<!--文件 上传-->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>${fileuploadVersion}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- lombok插件导包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>${lombokVersion}</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>ssh</finalName>
</build>
</project>

OK，配置后运行下maven,就会自动向中央仓库下载相应的包啦！（这个就不多说了）。

SpringMVC配置

我现在在这里把我配置后的结构拿出来给你们看下

我们先配置下SpringMVC的配置：resources/META-INF/spring-mvc.xml

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd">
<!-- 启动注解驱动的spring MVC功能,注册请求url和注解POJO类方法的映射-->
<mvc:annotation-driven />

 　　　 <context:component-scan base-package="com.ssh" />

<!-- 对模型视图名称的解析,在请求时模型视图名称添加前后缀 -->
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
<property name="prefix" value="views/" />
<!-- 前缀 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
<!-- 后缀 -->
</bean>
<!--这里是对静态资源的映射-->
<mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/resources/js/" />
<mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="/resources/css/" />
<mvc:resources mapping="/img/**" location="/resources/img/" />
</beans>

好了，我们现在修改下web.xml这个配置文件，完善下SpringMVC的配置， web.xml配置如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
version="3.0">
<!-- 地址为http://localhost:8080/
显示的默认网页-->
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>/index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<!-- spring MVC config start-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<!-- 此处指向的的是SpringMVC的配置文件 -->
<param-value>classpath:META-INF/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!--配置容器在启动的时候就加载这个servlet并实例化-->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- spring MVC config end-->
</web-app>

OK，SpringMVC配置完成，现在我们进行一下测试吧

在controller层新建一个MainController，内容如下

package com.ssh.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
/**
* Created by XRog
* On 2/1/2017.12:36 AM
*/
@Controller
public class MainController {
@RequestMapping(value = "test", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String test(){
//
实际返回的是views/test.jsp ,spring-mvc.xml中配置过前后缀
return "test";
}
}

test.jsp网页如下：

<html>
<body>
<center>
<h2 style="color: #ff261a;">this is my test page!</h2>
</center>
</body>
</html>

重启Tomcat服务器，然后浏览器访问http://localhost/test如下图所示：

PS： Tomcat默认端口是8080，我更改了端口号，如若你们为更改，正确的访问地址是localhost：8080/test

OK，成功访问。

SpringMVC+Spring整合

这个就十分简单了，配置applicationContext.xml这个Spring的配置文件如下：

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd">
<!-- 自动扫描 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.ssh">
<!-- 扫描时跳过 @Controller 注解的JAVA类（控制器） -->
<context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
</context:component-scan>
</beans>

完善web.xml配置文件如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
version="3.0">
<!-- 地址为http://localhost:8080/
显示的默认网页-->
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>/index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<!--加载Spring的配置文件到上下文中去-->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>
classpath:META-INF/applicationContext.xml
</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- spring MVC config start-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<!-- 此处指向的的是SpringMVC的配置文件 -->
<param-value>classpath:META-INF/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!--配置容器在启动的时候就加载这个servlet并实例化-->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- spring MVC config end-->
<!-- Spring监听器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!--
字符集过滤
-->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>

web.xml配置文件中更改了三处：引入Spring配置文件 Spring的监听器以及字符集过滤

OK，Spring+SpringMVC配置完成，下面我们开始测试：

在service写一个TestServiceImpl实现TestService接口并实现其test()方法，代码如下：

package com.ssh.service.impl;
import com.ssh.service.TestService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
/**
* Created by XRog
* On 2/1/2017.12:58 AM
*/
@Service
public class TestServiceImpl implements TestService {
public String test() {
return "test";
}
}

PS:这里注意写@Service注解

MainController控制器更改如下：

package com.ssh.controller;
import com.ssh.service.TestService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
/**
* Created by XRog
* On 2/1/2017.12:36 AM
*/
@Controller
public class MainController {
@Autowired
private TestService testService;
@RequestMapping(value = "test", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String test(){
//
实际返回的是views/test.jsp ,spring-mvc.xml中配置过前后缀
return "test";
}
@RequestMapping(value = "springtest", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String springTest(){
return testService.test();
}
}

控制器这里我们运用了Spring的依赖注入自动装配。

在浏览器中输入地址http://localhost/springtest调用springtest方法

yes，成功返回，说明我们之前的配置没问题

Spring+SpringMVC+hibernate整合

好了，现在就缺hibernate这个框架了。。我先给大家看些我搭建好之后的结构图吧

我们想来编写config.properties这个配置文件，里面存放的是hibernate的一些配置

#database connection config
jdbc.driver = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url = jdbc:mysql://?????:3306/ssh?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
jdbc.username = root
jdbc.password = ???
#hibernate config
hibernate.dialect = org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
hibernate.show_sql = true
hibernate.format_sql = true
hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto = update

这里连接数据库的参数由于我是连接我晚上的数据库，因此我数据库地址和密码打了“？？？”,你们连接时改成自己本地的就OK了

下面配置hibernate，这里我为了方便，就直接写进applicationContext.xml里面。配置后的applicationContext.xml如下：

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd">
<!--********************************************配置Spring***************************************-->
<!-- 自动扫描 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.ssh">
<!-- 扫描时跳过 @Controller 注解的JAVA类（控制器） -->
<context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
</context:component-scan>
<!--********************************************配置hibernate********************************************-->
<!--扫描配置文件(这里指向的是之前配置的那个config.properties)-->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:/config.properties" />
<!--配置数据源-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
<!--数据库连接驱动-->
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}" />
<!--数据库地址-->
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}" />
<!--用户名-->
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
<!--密码-->
<property name="maxPoolSize" value="40" />
<!--最大连接数-->
<property name="minPoolSize" value="1" />
<!--最小连接数-->
<property name="initialPoolSize" value="10" />
<!--初始化连接池内的数据库连接-->
<property name="maxIdleTime" value="20" />
<!--最大空闲时间-->
</bean>
<!--配置session工厂-->
<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<property name="packagesToScan" value="com.ssh.entity" />
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">${hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto}</prop> <!--hibernate根据实体自动生成数据库表-->
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">${hibernate.dialect}</prop>
<!--指定数据库方言-->
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">${hibernate.show_sql}</prop>
<!--在控制台显示执行的数据库操作语句-->
<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">${hibernate.format_sql}</prop>
<!--在控制台显示执行的数据哭操作语句（格式）-->
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 事物管理器配置
-->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
</beans>

OK，到了这里，配置结束。下面进入测试阶段

实体类（entity)：

package com.ssh.entity;
import lombok.Data;
import javax.persistence.*;
/**
* Created by XRog
* On 2/2/2017.2:03 PM
*/
@Data
@Entity
@Table(name = "Person")
public class Person {
@Id
@GeneratedValue
private Long id;
@Column(name = "created")
private Long created = System.currentTimeMillis();
@Column(name = "username")
private String username;
@Column(name = "address")
private String address;
@Column(name = "phone")
private String phone;
@Column(name = "remark")
private String remark;
}

　　PS：我这里用了一个@Data注解，此注解会自动生成get方法，set方法，toString方法等一系列方法，功能十分强大，不过需要安装插件以及导包，有兴趣的可以百度下

　　　当然，你也可以手动编写get/set/构造方法。

数据库访问层（repository）:

package com.ssh.repository;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.List;
/**
* Created by XRog
* On 2/2/2017.2:28 PM
*/
public interface DomainRepository<T,PK extends Serializable>{
T load(PK id);
T get(PK id);
List<T> findAll();
void persist(T entity);
PK save(T entity);
void saveOrUpdate(T entity);
void delete(PK id);
void flush();
}

package com.ssh.repository;
import com.ssh.entity.Person;
/**
* Created by XRog
* On 2/2/2017.2:25 PM
*/
public interface PersonRepository extends DomainRepository<Person,Long> {
}

package com.ssh.repository.impl;
import com.ssh.repository.PersonRepository;
import com.ssh.entity.Person;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import java.util.List;
/**
* Created by XRog
* On 2/2/2017.2:30 PM
*/
@Repository
public class PersonRepositoryImpl implements PersonRepository {
@Autowired
private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
private Session getCurrentSession() {
return this.sessionFactory.openSession();
}
public Person load(Long id) {
return (Person)getCurrentSession().load(Person.class,id);
}
public Person get(Long id) {
return (Person)getCurrentSession().get(Person.class,id);
}
public List<Person> findAll() {
return null;
}
public void persist(Person entity) {
getCurrentSession().persist(entity);
}
public Long save(Person entity) {
return (Long)getCurrentSession().save(entity);
}
public void saveOrUpdate(Person entity) {
getCurrentSession().saveOrUpdate(entity);
}
public void delete(Long id) {
Person person = load(id);
getCurrentSession().delete(person);
}
public void flush() {
getCurrentSession().flush();
}
}

　　PS:我这里显示写了一个比较通用的接口，其他所有接口皆继承此接口，再编写实现类

　　注意：我这里写的session产生是调用的SessionFactory的openSession（）这个方法。之前使用getCurrentSession()一直报错，后来百度了一下才知道，hibernate3版本可以使用getCurrentSession()来创建session，而hibernate4版本则不行。

服务层（service）:

package com.ssh.service;
import com.ssh.entity.Person;
/**
* Created by XRog
* On 2/2/2017.2:39 PM
*/
public interface PersonService {
Long savePerson();
}

package com.ssh.service.impl;
import com.ssh.entity.Person;
import com.ssh.repository.PersonRepository;
import com.ssh.service.PersonService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
/**
* Created by XRog
* On 2/2/2017.2:40 PM
*/
@Service
public class PersonServiceImpl implements PersonService {
@Autowired
private PersonRepository personRepository;
public Long savePerson() {
Person person = new Person();
person.setUsername("XRog");
person.setPhone("18381005946");
person.setAddress("chenDu");
person.setRemark("this is XRog");
return personRepository.save(person);
}
}

控制层（controller）:

package com.ssh.controller;
import com.ssh.entity.Person;
import com.ssh.service.PersonService;
import com.ssh.service.TestService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
/**
* Created by XRog
* On 2/1/2017.12:36 AM
*/
@Controller
public class MainController {
@Autowired
private PersonService personService;
@RequestMapping(value = "savePerson", method = RequestMethod.GET)
@ResponseBody
public String savePerson(){
personService.savePerson();
return "success!";
}
}