Spring+SpringMVC+Hibernate整合操作数据库概述

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我是靠谱客的博主现代小兔子，最近开发中收集的这篇文章主要介绍Spring+SpringMVC+Hibernate整合操作数据库概述，觉得挺不错的，现在分享给大家，希望可以做个参考。

概述

　　Hibernate是一款优秀的ORM框架，能够连接并操作数据库，包括保存和修改数据。Spring MVC是Java的web框架，能够将Hibernate集成进去，完成数据的CRUD。Hibernate使用方便，配置响应的XML文件即可。由于spring3.x,基于asm的某些特征,而这些asm还没有用jdk8编译，所以采用Spring 3+JDK8就会报错,提示错误信息( java.lang.IllegalArgumentException)，具体解决方案有：1、Spring 3+JDK7及以下版本 2、Spring 4+JDK8及以上版本；具体可参考大牛地址

Spring+SpringMVC+Hibernate操作数据

　这里采用Spring 4+Hibernate4进行代码整合，Spring4主要处理WEB请求，Hibernate4进行数据的操作；

引用类包

　　所需要的类包文件清单如下图，如需下载，可通过下面Demo下载，类包位于WEBINF-->Lib目录下

添加配置文件

WEB.XML文件，配置内容如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" 
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
<display-name>SpringMVC</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<!-- 配置Spring -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath*:config/spring-*.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>

<!-- 配置SpringMVC -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath*:config/spring-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- 设置字符集 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- 控制Session的开关 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>openSession</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>openSession</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>

　　在src目录下，添加文件夹config/spring-hibernate.xml(存储Hibernate配置信息，包括数据库连接字符串的读取)、config/spring-servlet.xml（配置Spring-MVC的依赖注入）、config.hibernate/hiernate.cfg.xml（配置Hibernate的依赖注入实体对象）、config.spring/spring-user.xml(配置Spring DAO和Service配置)、prop/jdbc.properities（配置数据库连接信息）；

XML配置如下

spring-hibernate.xml内容

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc

http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">
<!-- 引入property配置文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:prop/jdbc.properties"/>
<!-- 配置数据源 -->
<bean id="dataSource"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.mysql.driverClassName}" />
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.mysql.url}" />
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.mysql.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.mysql.password}" />
</bean>
<!--
配置hibernate SessionFactory-->
<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">${jdbc.mysql.dialect}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
<prop key="hiberante.format_sql">true</prop>
</props>
</property>
<property name="configLocations">
<list>
<value>
classpath*:config/hibernate/hibernate.cfg.xml
</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 事务代理类 -->
<bean id="transactionBese"
class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"
lazy-init="true" abstract="true">
<property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"></property>
<property name="transactionAttributes">
<props>
<prop key="add*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception</prop>
<prop key="update*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception</prop>
<prop key="insert*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception</prop>
<prop key="modify*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception</prop>
<prop key="delete*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception</prop>
<prop key="del*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception</prop>
<prop key="get*">PROPAGATION_NEVER</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>

spring-servlet.xml内容

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc

http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">
<!-- 注解扫描的包 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.jialin" />
<!-- 开启注解方案1 -->
<!-- 注解方法处理 -->
<!-- <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter"
/> -->
<!-- 注解类映射处理 -->
<!-- <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping"></bean> -->
<!-- 开启注解方案2 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!-- 静态资源访问，方案1 -->
<mvc:resources location="/img/" mapping="/img/**" />
<mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**" />
<!-- 静态资源访问，方案2 -->
<!-- <mvc:default-servlet-handler/> -->
<!-- 视图解释类 -->
<bean id="viewResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/"></property>
<!--可为空,方便实现自已的依据扩展名来选择视图解释类的逻辑 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 上传文件bean -->
<!-- <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8" /> <property name="maxUploadSize"
value="10485760000" /> <property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960" />
</bean> -->
</beans>

hiernate.cfg.xml内容

<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<!-- 引入需要映射的类 -->
<mapping class="com.jialin.entity.User"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

spring-user.xml内容

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN 2.0//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans-2.0.dtd" [
<!ENTITY contextInclude SYSTEM "org/springframework/web/context/WEB-INF/contextInclude.xml">
]>
<beans>
<!-- Spring Bean -->
<bean id="userDao" class="com.jialin.dao.UserDao">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="userManagerBase" class="com.jialin.service.UserManager">
<property name="userDao" ref="userDao"></property>
</bean>
<!-- parent为transactionBese，表示支持事务 -->
<bean id="userManager" parent="transactionBese">
<property name="target" ref="userManagerBase"></property>
</bean>
</beans>

jdbc.properities内容

# JDBC
# 设置连接池连接时的数量
jdbc.initialSize=1
jdbc.filters=stat
# 连接池中存在的最小连接数目。连接池中连接数目可以变很少，如果使用了maxAge属性，有些空闲的连接会被关闭因为离它最近一次连接的时间过去太久了。
#但是，我们看到的打开的连接不会少于minIdle。
jdbc.minIdle=1
# 连接数据库的最大连接数。这个属性用来限制连接池中能够打开连接的数量，可以方便数据库做连接容量规划。
jdbc.maxActive=99
jdbc.maxWait=1000
jdbc.minEvictableIdleTimeMillis=300000
jdbc.poolPreparedStatements=true
jdbc.maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize=50
jdbc.timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis=60000
jdbc.validationQuery=select 1 from dual
jdbc.removeAbandonedTimeout=150
jdbc.logAbandoned=true
jdbc.removeAbandoned=true
jdbc.testOnBorrow=false
jdbc.testOnReturn=false
# MYSQL 数据库连接方式
jdbc.mysql.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.mysql.url=jdbc:mysql://192.168.1.102:3306/dbidb?characterEncoding=UTF-8
jdbc.mysql.username=root
jdbc.mysql.password=root
jdbc.mysql.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
#HIBERNATE
jdbc.show_sql=false
jdbc.format_sql=false

编写代码

数据库操作服务层代码

添加User实体

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import org.hibernate.annotations.GenericGenerator;
@Entity
@Table(name="Users")
public class User {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(generator="id")
@GenericGenerator(name = "id",strategy="identity")
private Integer id;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
@Column(name="userName")
private String userName;
public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
@Column(name="age")
private int age;
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
}

添加DAO文件

package com.jialin.dao;
import com.jialin.entity.User;
public interface IUserDao {
void addUser(User user) throws Exception;
}

实现IUserDao接口，某些属性要实现get和set属性，且要和配置文件hiernate.cfg.xml对应，否则依赖注入失败

package com.jialin.dao;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import com.jialin.entity.User;
@Repository
public class UserDao implements IUserDao {
@Autowired
private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
public SessionFactory getSessionFactory() {
return sessionFactory;
}
public void setSessionFactory(SessionFactory sessionFactory) {
this.sessionFactory = sessionFactory;
}
@Override
public void addUser(User user) throws Exception {
System.out.println("11111111111111111"+user.getUserName());
sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().save(user);
}
}

添加服务接口

package com.jialin.service;
import com.jialin.entity.User;
public interface IUserManager {
//添加用户

void addUser(User user) throws Exception;
}

实现服务接口

package com.jialin.service;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import com.jialin.dao.UserDao;
import com.jialin.entity.User;
@Service("userService")
public class UserManager implements IUserManager {
@Autowired
private UserDao userDao;
public UserDao getUserDao() {
return userDao;
}
public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao) {
this.userDao = userDao;
}
@Override
public void addUser(User user) throws Exception {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub

userDao.addUser(user);
}
}

WEB层代码

添加Controller类

package com.jialin.controller;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import com.jialin.entity.User;
import com.jialin.service.UserManager;
@Controller
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private UserManager userService;
//添加用户

@RequestMapping(value="/user/addUser",method=RequestMethod.POST)
public String addUser(User user,HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception{
System.out.println("用户名：======"+user.getUserName());
userService.addUser(user);
return "success";
}
@RequestMapping(value="/user/addUser",method=RequestMethod.GET)
public String addUserIndex(Model model) throws Exception{
model.addAttribute("", new User());
return "UserAdd";
}
}

添加UserAdd.jsp页面

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="" method="post">
<h3>添加用户信息</h3>
姓名：<input type="text" name="userName" id="userName"
value="" /> 年龄：<input type="text" name="age" id="age"
value="" /> <input type="submit" value="提交" />
</form>
</body>
</html>

添加success.jsp页面

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
操作成功
</body>
</html>