如何统计全天各个时间段产品销量情况（sqlserver）

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我是靠谱客的博主隐形白羊，最近开发中收集的这篇文章主要介绍如何统计全天各个时间段产品销量情况（sqlserver），觉得挺不错的，现在分享给大家，希望可以做个参考。

概述

数据库环境：SQL SERVER 2005

现有一个产品销售实时表，表数据如下：

字段name是产品名称，字段type是销售类型，1表示售出，2表示退货，字段num是数量，字段ctime是操作时间。

要求：

　　在一行中统计24小时内所有货物的销售（售出，退货）数据，把日期考虑在内。

分析：

　　这实际上是行转列的一个应用，在进行行转列之前，需要补全24小时的所有数据。补全数据可以通过系统的数字辅助表

spt_values来实现，进行行转列时，根据type和处理后的ctime分组即可。

1.建表，导入数据

CREATE TABLE snake (name VARCHAR(10 ),type INT,num INT, ctime DATETIME )
INSERT INTO snake VALUES(' 方便面', 1,10 ,'2015-08-10 16:20:05')
INSERT INTO snake VALUES(' 香烟A ', 2,2 ,'2015-08-10 18:21:10')
INSERT INTO snake VALUES(' 香烟A ', 1,5 ,'2015-08-10 20:21:10')
INSERT INTO snake VALUES(' 香烟B', 1,6 ,'2015-08-10 20:21:10')
INSERT INTO snake VALUES(' 香烟B', 2,9 ,'2015-08-10 20:21:10')
INSERT INTO snake VALUES(' 香烟C', 2,9 ,'2015-08-10 20:21:10')

2.补全24小时的数据

/*枚举0-23自然数列*/
WITH  x0
     AS ( SELECT  number AS h
        FROM   master..spt_values
        WHERE  type = 'P'
            AND number >= 0
            AND number <= 23
       ),/*找出表所有的日期*/
    x1
     AS ( SELECT DISTINCT
            CONVERT(VARCHAR(100), ctime, 23) AS d
        FROM   snake
       ),/*补全所有日期的24小时*/
    x2
     AS ( SELECT  x1.d ,
            x0.h
        FROM   x1
            CROSS JOIN x0
       ),
    x3
     AS ( SELECT  name ,
            type ,
            num ,
            DATEPART(hour, ctime) AS h
        FROM   snake
       ),/*整理行转列需要用到的数据*/
    x4
     AS ( SELECT  x2.d ,
            x2.h ,
            x3.name ,
            x3.type ,
            x3.num
        FROM   x2
            LEFT JOIN x3 ON x3.h = x2.h
       )

3.行转列

SELECT ISNULL([0], 0) AS [00] ,
      ISNULL([1], 0) AS [01] ,
      ISNULL([2], 0) AS [02] ,
      ISNULL([3], 0) AS [03] ,
      ISNULL([4], 0) AS [04] ,
      ISNULL([5], 0) AS [05] ,
      ISNULL([6], 0) AS [06] ,
      ISNULL([3], 7) AS [07] ,
      ISNULL([8], 0) AS [08] ,
      ISNULL([9], 0) AS [09] ,
      ISNULL([10], 0) AS [10] ,
      ISNULL([3], 11) AS [11] ,
      ISNULL([12], 0) AS [12] ,
      ISNULL([13], 0) AS [13] ,
      ISNULL([14], 0) AS [14] ,
      ISNULL([3], 15) AS [15] ,
      ISNULL([16], 0) AS [16] ,
      ISNULL([17], 0) AS [17] ,
      ISNULL([18], 0) AS [18] ,
      ISNULL([19], 15) AS [19] ,
      ISNULL([20], 0) AS [20] ,
      ISNULL([21], 0) AS [21] ,
      ISNULL([22], 0) AS [22] ,
      ISNULL([23], 15) AS [23] ,
      type ,
      d AS date
  FROM  ( SELECT  d ,
            h ,
            type ,
            num
       FROM   x4
      ) t PIVOT( SUM(num) FOR h IN ( [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6],
                      [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12],
                      [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18],
                      [19], [20], [21], [22], [23] ) ) t
  WHERE  type IS NOT NULL

来看一下最终效果，只有1天的数据，可能看起来不是很直观。