Android中各种Span的用法

60 阅读 0 评论 40 点赞

我是靠谱客的博主幽默眼睛，最近开发中收集的这篇文章主要介绍Android中各种Span的用法，觉得挺不错的，现在分享给大家，希望可以做个参考。

概述

在android.text.style包下，有一些Span类，可以提供我们完成一些在TextView中的特殊内容。（比如：部分内容颜色、字体、大小不同等等，更有部分字体可点击。）

还有一个SpannableStringBuilder，可以帮助我们设置Span。

底下也有全部的源代码。
SpannableStringBuilder

SpannableStringBuilder可以方便我们更好的设置上对应的Span。

设置Span
SpannableStringBuilder.setSpan(Object what, int start, int end, int flags)

这里的Flag表示：start和end是开区间还是闭区间。

Flag:

Spanned.SPAN_EXCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE —— (a,b)

Spanned.SPAN_EXCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE —— (a,b]

Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE —— [a,b)

Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE —— [a,b]

URLSpan

功能：点击文字，可以打开一个URL。

URLSpan(String url)

SpannableStringBuilder ssb = new SpannableStringBuilder(content);
ssb.setSpan(new URLSpan("https://github.com/CaMnter"), start, sub.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE);
contentTV.setText(ssb);
// 在单击链接时凡是有要执行的动作，都必须设置MovementMethod对象
contentTV.setMovementMethod(LinkMovementMethod.getInstance());
// 设置点击后的颜色，这里涉及到ClickableSpan的点击背景
contentTV.setHighlightColor(0xff8FABCC);

URLSpan
UnderlineSpan

功能：设置文字下划线。

UnderlineSpan()

SpannableStringBuilder ssb = new SpannableStringBuilder(content);
ssb.setSpan(new UnderlineSpan(), start, start + sub.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE);
contentTV.setText(ssb);

UnderlineSpan
TypefaceSpan

功能：设置文字字体。

TypefaceSpan(String family)构造方法源码中的注释提示了三种系统字体：

monospace

serif

sans-serif

    /**
     * @param family The font family for this typeface. Examples include
     * "monospace", "serif", and "sans-serif".
     */
    public TypefaceSpan(String family) {
        mFamily = family;
    }

SpannableStringBuilder ssb = new SpannableStringBuilder(content);
ssb.setSpan(new TypefaceSpan("serif"), start, start + sub.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE);
contentTV.setText(ssb);

TypefaceSpan
TextAppearanceSpan

功能：设置文字字体、文字样式（粗体、斜体、等等）、文字颜色状态、文字下划线颜色状态等等。

TextAppearanceSpan的三个构造方法

TextAppearanceSpan(Context context, int appearance)

TextAppearanceSpan(Context context, int appearance, int colorList)

TextAppearanceSpan(String family, int style, int size,ColorStateList color, ColorStateList linkColor)

family:

monospace

serif

sans-serif

style:

Typeface.NORMAL

Typeface.BOLD

Typeface.ITALIC

Typeface.BOLD_ITALIC

size:表示字体大小（单位px）

SpannableStringBuilder ssb = new SpannableStringBuilder(content);
ColorStateList colorStateList = null;
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
    colorStateList = this.activity.getColorStateList(R.color.selector_apperarance_span);
} else {
    try {
        colorStateList = ColorStateList.createFromXml(this.activity.getResources(), this.activity.getResources().getXml(R.color.selector_apperarance_span));
    } catch (XmlPullParserException | IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}
ssb.setSpan(new TextAppearanceSpan("serif", Typeface.BOLD_ITALIC, this.activity.getResources().getDimensionPixelSize(R.dimen.text_appearance_span), colorStateList, colorStateList), start, start + sub.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE);
contentTV.setText(ssb);

TextAppearanceSpan
TabStopSpan.Standard

功能：每行的MarginLeft的偏移量（跟 t 和 n 有关系）。

TabStopSpan.Standard(int where)

SpannableStringBuilder ssb = new SpannableStringBuilder(content);
String[] subs = content.split(" ");
ssb = new SpannableStringBuilder();
/**
* TabStopSpan. Standard related to t and n
* TabStopSpan.Standard 跟 t 和 n 有关系
*/
for (String sub1 : subs) {
ssb.append("t").append(sub1).append(" ");
ssb.append("n");
}
ssb.setSpan(new TabStopSpan.Standard(126), 0, ssb.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE);
contentTV.setText(ssb);

TabStopSpan.Standard
SuperscriptSpan

功能：文字设置为上标，数学公式中用到。

SuperscriptSpan(Parcel src)

SpannableStringBuilder ssb = new SpannableStringBuilder(content);
ssb.replace(start, start + sub.length(), "Save6");
Parcel parcel = Parcel.obtain();
parcel.writeInt(6);
int sixPosition = ssb.toString().indexOf("6");
ssb.setSpan(new SuperscriptSpan(parcel), sixPosition, sixPosition + 1, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE);
parcel.recycle();
contentTV.setText(ssb);

SuperscriptSpan
SubscriptSpan

功能：文字设置为下标，化学式中用到。

SubscriptSpan(Parcel src)

SpannableStringBuilder ssb = new SpannableStringBuilder(content);
ssb.replace(start, start + sub.length(), "Save6");
Parcel parcel = Parcel.obtain();
parcel.writeInt(6);
int sixPosition = ssb.toString().indexOf("6");
ssb.setSpan(new SubscriptSpan(parcel), sixPosition, sixPosition + 1, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE);
parcel.recycle();
contentTV.setText(ssb);

SubscriptSpan
StrikethroughSpan

功能：文字设置删除线。

StrikethroughSpan()

SpannableStringBuilder ssb = new SpannableStringBuilder(content);
ssb.setSpan(new StrikethroughSpan(), start, start + sub.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE);
contentTV.setText(ssb);

StrikethroughSpan
ScaleXSpan

功能：文字横向缩放。

ScaleXSpan(float proportion)

proportion：缩放比例

SpannableStringBuilder ssb = new SpannableStringBuilder(content);
ssb.setSpan(new ScaleXSpan(2.0f), start, start + sub.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE);
contentTV.setText(ssb);

ScaleXSpan
StyleSpan

功能：文字设置样式（正常、粗体、斜体、粗斜体）。

StyleSpan(int style)

style:

Typeface.NORMAL

Typeface.BOLD

Typeface.ITALIC

Typeface.BOLD_ITALIC

SpannableStringBuilder ssb = new SpannableStringBuilder(content);
ssb.setSpan(new StyleSpan(Typeface.BOLD_ITALIC), start, start + sub.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE);
contentTV.setText(ssb);

StyleSpan
RelativeSizeSpan

功能：设置文字相对大小，指相对于文本设定的大小的相对比例。

RelativeSizeSpan(float proportion)

proportion：大小比例。

SpannableStringBuilder ssb = new SpannableStringBuilder(content);
ssb.setSpan(new RelativeSizeSpan(6.0f), start, start + sub.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE);
contentTV.setText(ssb);

RelativeSizeSpan
QuoteSpan

功能：设置文字左侧显示引用样式（一条竖线）。

QuoteSpan(@ColorInt int color)

color：竖线的颜色。

SpannableStringBuilder ssb = new SpannableStringBuilder(content);
ssb.setSpan(new QuoteSpan(0xff000000), start, start + sub.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE);
contentTV.setText(ssb);

QuoteSpan
MaskFilterSpan

功能：设置文字模糊效果和浮雕效果。

MaskFilterSpan(MaskFilter filter)

MaskFilter：

BlurMaskFilter：模糊效果

EmbossMaskFilter：浮雕效果

SpannableStringBuilder ssb = new SpannableStringBuilder(content);
MaskFilterSpan embossMaskFilterSpan = new MaskFilterSpan(new EmbossMaskFilter(new float[]{3, 3, 9}, 3.0f, 12, 16));
ssb.setSpan(embossMaskFilterSpan, start, start + sub.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE);
contentTV.setText(ssb);
String you = "you";
int indexYou = content.indexOf(you);
MaskFilterSpan blurMaskFilterSpan = new MaskFilterSpan(new BlurMaskFilter(3, BlurMaskFilter.Blur.OUTER));
ssb.setSpan(blurMaskFilterSpan, indexYou, indexYou + you.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE);
contentTV.setText(ssb);

MaskFilterSpan
LeadingMarginSpan.Standard

功能：设置文本缩进。

LeadingMarginSpan.Standard(int first, int rest)

first：首行的 margin left 偏移量。
rest：其他行的 margin left 偏移量。

SpannableStringBuilder ssb = new SpannableStringBuilder(content);
ssb.append(" ")
        .append(ssb.toString())
        .append(ssb.toString())
        .append(ssb.toString());
ssb.setSpan(new LeadingMarginSpan.Standard(96, 36), 0, ssb.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE);
contentTV.setText(ssb);

LeadingMarginSpan.Standard
ImageSpan

功能：文本插入图片。

构造方法很多：

ImageSpan(Context context, Bitmap b)

ImageSpan(Context context, Bitmap b, int verticalAlignment)

ImageSpan(Drawable d)

ImageSpan(Drawable d, int verticalAlignment)

ImageSpan(Drawable d, String source)

ImageSpan(Drawable d, String source, int verticalAlignment)

ImageSpan(Context context, Uri uri)

ImageSpan(Context context, Uri uri, int verticalAlignment)

ImageSpan(Context context, @DrawableRes int resourceId)

ImageSpan(Context context, @DrawableRes int resourceId, int verticalAlignment)

verticalAlignment：

ImageSpan.ALIGN_BOTTOM

ImageSpan.ALIGN_BASELINE

source：图片的本机路径String。（ xxx/xxx/xxx.jpg ）

uri：图片的本机uri。

SpannableStringBuilder ssb = new SpannableStringBuilder(content);
ssb.replace(start, start + sub.length(), " Save");
ssb.setSpan(new ImageSpan(this.activity, R.mipmap.ic_mm_1, ImageSpan.ALIGN_BASELINE), 0, 1, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE);
contentTV.setText(ssb);

ImageSpan
IconMarginSpan

功能：文本插入图片+Margin。

IconMarginSpan(Bitmap b, int pad)

pad：margin偏移量。

SpannableStringBuilder ssb = new SpannableStringBuilder(content);
Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(this.activity.getResources(), R.mipmap.ic_mm_1);
ssb.setSpan(new IconMarginSpan(bitmap, 60), 0, 1, Spanned.SPAN_EXCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
//bitmap.recycle();
contentTV.setText(ssb);

IconMarginSpan
ForegroundColorSpan

功能：设置文字颜色。

ForegroundColorSpan(@ColorInt int color)

SpannableStringBuilder ssb = new SpannableStringBuilder(content);
ssb.setSpan(new ForegroundColorSpan(0xff303F9F), start, start + sub.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE);
contentTV.setText(ssb);

ForegroundColorSpan
DrawableMarginSpan

功能：文本插入图片+Margin。

DrawableMarginSpan(Drawable b, int pad)

pad：margin偏移量。

SpannableStringBuilder ssb = new SpannableStringBuilder(content);
ssb.setSpan(new DrawableMarginSpan(ResourcesUtil.getDrawable(this.activity, R.mipmap.ic_mm_1), 6), 0, 1, Spanned.SPAN_EXCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
contentTV.setText(ssb);

DrawableMarginSpan
BulletSpan

功能：类似于HTML中的<li>标签的圆点效果。

BulletSpan(int gapWidth, int color)

gapWidth：圆点与文本的间距。

color：圆点颜色。

SpannableStringBuilder ssb = new SpannableStringBuilder(content);
ssb.setSpan(new BulletSpan(66, 0xff303F9F), start, start + sub.length(), Spanned.SPAN_EXCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
contentTV.setText(ssb);

BulletSpan
BackgroundColorSpan

功能：设置背景色。

BackgroundColorSpan(int color)

SpannableStringBuilder ssb = new SpannableStringBuilder(content);
String you = "you";
int indexYou = content.indexOf(you);
ssb.setSpan(new BackgroundColorSpan(0x2f303F9F), start, start + sub.length(), Spanned.SPAN_EXCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
ssb.setSpan(new BackgroundColorSpan(0x2fFF4081), indexYou, indexYou + you.length(), Spanned.SPAN_EXCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
contentTV.setText(ssb);

    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6

BackgroundColorSpan
AlignmentSpan.Standard

功能：设置文字对齐方式。

AlignmentSpan.Standard(Layout.Alignment align)

align：

Layout.Alignment.ALIGN_NORMAL

Layout.Alignment.ALIGN_OPPOSITE

Layout.Alignment.ALIGN_CENTER

Layout.Alignment.ALIGN_LEFT

Layout.Alignment.ALIGN_RIGHT

SpannableStringBuilder ssb = new SpannableStringBuilder(content);
ssb.setSpan(new AlignmentSpan.Standard(Layout.Alignment.ALIGN_CENTER), 0, ssb.length(), Spanned.SPAN_EXCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
contentTV.setText(ssb);

    1
    2
    3

AbsoluteSizeSpan

功能：设置文字绝对大小。

AbsoluteSizeSpan(int size, boolean dip)

size：默认单位为px。
dip：true为size的单位是dip，false为px。

SpannableStringBuilder ssb = new SpannableStringBuilder(content);
ssb.setSpan(new AbsoluteSizeSpan(26, true), start, start + sub.length(), Spanned.SPAN_EXCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
contentTV.setText(ssb);

AbsoluteSizeSpan
ClickableSpan

功能：文字可点击。

抽象类，需要自己扩展实现。

ClickableSpanNoUnderline

public class ClickableSpanNoUnderline extends ClickableSpan {

private static final String TAG = "ClickableSpan";

private static final int NO_COLOR = -206;
private int color;

private OnClickListener onClickListener;

    public ClickableSpanNoUnderline(int color, OnClickListener onClickListener) {
        super();
        this.color = color;
        this.onClickListener = onClickListener;
    }

    public ClickableSpanNoUnderline(OnClickListener onClickListener) {
        this(NO_COLOR, onClickListener);
    }

    /**
     * Makes the text underlined and in the link color.
     *
     * @param ds
     */
    @Override
    public void updateDrawState(@NonNull TextPaint ds) {
        super.updateDrawState(ds);
        // 设置文字颜色
        if (this.color == NO_COLOR) {
            ds.setColor(ds.linkColor);
        } else {
            ds.setColor(this.color);
        }
        ds.clearShadowLayer();
        // 去除下划线
        ds.setUnderlineText(false);
        ds.bgColor = Color.TRANSPARENT;
    }

    /**
     * Performs the click action associated with this span.
     *
     * @param widget widget
     */
    @Override
    public void onClick(View widget) {
        if (this.onClickListener != null) {
            this.onClickListener.onClick(widget, this);
        } else {
            Log.w(TAG, "listener was null");
        }
    }

    /**
     * 回调接口，回调自身的onClick事件
     * 告诉外部是否被点击
     */
    public interface OnClickListener<T extends ClickableSpanNoUnderline> {
        /**
         * ClickableSpan被点击
         *
         * @param widget widget
         * @param span   span
         */
        void onClick(View widget, T span);
    }

}

SpanClickableSpan

private class SpanClickableSpan extends ClickableSpanNoUnderline {

private String urlString;

    public String getUrlString() {
        return urlString;
    }

    public void setUrlString(String urlString) {
        this.urlString = urlString;
    }

    public SpanClickableSpan(int color, OnClickListener onClickListener) {
        super(color, onClickListener);
    }

    public SpanClickableSpan(OnClickListener onClickListener) {
        super(onClickListener);
    }

}

开始使用

SpannableStringBuilder ssb = new SpannableStringBuilder(content);
SpanClickableSpan spanClickableSpan = new SpanClickableSpan(0xffFF4081, new ClickableSpanNoUnderline.OnClickListener<SpanClickableSpan>() {
    /**
     * ClickableSpan被点击
     *
     * @param widget widget
     * @param span   span
     */
    @Override
    public void onClick(View widget, SpanClickableSpan span) {
        String urlString = span.getUrlString();
        if (TextUtils.isEmpty(urlString)) return;
        Uri uri = Uri.parse(urlString);
        Context context = widget.getContext();
        Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);
        intent.putExtra(Browser.EXTRA_APPLICATION_ID, context.getPackageName());
        try {
            context.startActivity(intent);
        } catch (ActivityNotFoundException e) {
            Log.w("URLSpan", "Activity was not found for intent, " + intent.toString());
        }
    }
});
spanClickableSpan.setUrlString("https://github.com/CaMnter");
ssb.setSpan(spanClickableSpan, start, start + sub.length(), Spanned.SPAN_EXCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
contentTV.setText(ssb);
// 在单击链接时凡是有要执行的动作，都必须设置MovementMethod对象
contentTV.setMovementMethod(LinkMovementMethod.getInstance());
// 设置点击后的颜色，这里涉及到ClickableSpan的点击背景
contentTV.setHighlightColor(0x00000000);