Modbus软件开发实战 -- 第七章 完整RTU模式开发范例

modbus 开发环境

2.1  虚拟串口软件（VSPD）                              http://www.eltima.com 下载VSPD.exe 安装程序

2.2  modbus Poll（主站设备仿真工具）             http://www.modbustools.com

2.3  modbus Slave（从站设备仿真工具）          http://www.modbustools.com

7.1 开发RTU Master篇

#include <stdio.h>
#ifndef _MSC_VER
#include <unistd.h>
#endif
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include "modbus.h"	// 引用libmodbus库
/*
Thegoal of this program is to check all major functions of libmodbus:
-- write_coil
-- read_bits
-- write_coils
-- write_register
-- read_registers
-- write_registers
-- read_registers
All these functions are called with random values on a address range defined by the following defines
*/
#define Loop 1
// 循环次数
#define Server_ID	17
// 从端设备地址
#define ADDRESS_START	0
// 测试寄存器起始地址
#define ADDRESS_END
99
// 测试寄存器结束地址
int main()
{
// printf("%c", 0b01000001); // A
modbus_t *ctx = nullptr;
int nb = 0; // 需要测试的寄存器个数
uint8_t* tab_rq_bits;
// 用于保存发送或接收的数据（下同）
uint8_t* tab_rp_bits;
uint16_t *tab_rq_registers;
uint16_t *tab_rw_rq_registers;
uint16_t *tab_rp_registers;
// RTU
// 创建一个RTU类型的容器
ctx = modbus_new_rtu("COM4", 19200, 'N', 8, 1);
// 设置从端地址
modbus_set_slave(ctx, Server_ID);
// 设置debug模式
modbus_set_debug(ctx, true);
// RTU 模式下表示打开串口
if (modbus_connect(ctx) == -1)
{
fprintf(stderr, "Connection failed: %s n", modbus_strerror(errno));
modbus_free(ctx);
return -1;
}
/*Allocate and initialize the different memory space */
// 计算需要测试的寄存器个数
nb = ADDRESS_END - ADDRESS_START;
// 以下申请内存块，泳衣保存发送和接收各数据
tab_rq_bits = (uint8_t*)malloc(nb * sizeof(uint8_t));
memset(tab_rq_bits, 0, nb*sizeof(uint8_t));
tab_rp_bits = (uint8_t*)malloc(nb * sizeof(uint8_t));
memset(tab_rp_bits, 0, nb*sizeof(uint8_t));
tab_rq_registers = (uint16_t*)malloc(nb * sizeof(uint16_t));
memset(tab_rq_registers, 0, nb*sizeof(uint16_t));
tab_rw_rq_registers = (uint16_t*)malloc(nb * sizeof(uint16_t));
memset(tab_rw_rq_registers, 0, nb*sizeof(uint16_t));
tab_rp_registers = (uint16_t*)malloc(nb * sizeof(uint16_t));
memset(tab_rp_registers, 0, nb*sizeof(uint16_t));
int nb_loop = 0, nb_fail = 0, addr = 0, rc = 0;
while (nb_loop++ < Loop)
{
// 从起始地址开始顺序测试
for (addr = ADDRESS_START; addr < ADDRESS_END; addr++)
{
Sleep(500);
int i = 0;
// 生成随机数用于测试
for (i = 0; i < nb; i++)
{
tab_rq_registers[i] = (uint16_t)(65535.0 * rand() / (RAND_MAX + 1.0));
tab_rw_rq_registers[i] = ~tab_rq_registers[i];
tab_rq_bits[i] = tab_rq_registers[i] % 2;
}
nb = ADDRESS_END - addr;
// 测试线圈寄存器的单个读写
rc = modbus_write_bit(ctx, addr, tab_rq_bits[0]); // 写线圈寄存器
if (rc != 1)
{
printf("ERROR modbus_write_bit (%d)n", rc);
printf("Address = %d,value = %d n", addr, tab_rq_bits[0]);
nb_fail++;
}
else
{
// 写入之后，再读取并比较
rc = modbus_read_bits(ctx, addr, 1, tab_rp_bits);
if (rc != 1 || tab_rq_bits[0] != tab_rp_bits[0])
{
printf("ERROR modbus_read_bits single(%d)n");
printf("address = %dn", addr);
nb_fail++;
}
}
// 测试线圈寄存器的批量读写
rc = modbus_write_bits(ctx, addr, nb, tab_rq_bits);
if (rc != nb)
{
printf("ERROR modbus_write_bits (%d)n", rc);
printf("Address = %d,nb = %dn", addr, nb);
nb_fail++;
}
else
{
// 写入之后，再读取并比较
rc = modbus_read_bits(ctx, addr, nb, tab_rp_bits);
if (rc != nb)
{
printf("ERROR modbus_read_bits n");
printf("address = %d,nb = %dn", addr, nb);
nb_fail++;
}
else
{
// 进行比较
for (i = 0; i < nb; i++)
{
if (tab_rp_bits[i] != tab_rq_bits[i])
// 待完善
{
printf("ERROR modbus_read_bits (%d)n", rc);
printf("Address = %d, Val = %d(0x%x) != %d (0x%x)n",
addr, tab_rq_bits[i], tab_rq_bits[i],
tab_rp_bits[i], tab_rp_bits[i]);
nb_fail++;
}
}
}
}
// 测试保持寄存器的单个读写
rc = modbus_write_register(ctx, addr, tab_rq_registers[0]);
if (rc != 1)
{
printf("ERROR modbus_read_bits (%d)n", rc);
printf("Address = %d, Val = %d(0x%x)n",
addr, tab_rq_registers[0], tab_rq_registers[0]);
nb_fail++;
}
else
{
// 写入之后进行读取
rc = modbus_read_registers(ctx, addr, 1, tab_rp_registers);
if (rc != 1)
{
printf("ERROR modbus_read_registers (%d)n", rc);
printf("Address = %dn", addr);
nb_fail++;
}
else
{
// 读取后进行比较
if (tab_rq_registers[0] != tab_rp_registers[0])
// 待完善
{
printf("ERROR modbus_read_registers (%d)n", rc);
printf("Address = %d, Val = %d(0x%x) != %d (0x%x)n",
addr, tab_rq_registers[0], tab_rq_registers[0],
tab_rp_registers[0], tab_rp_registers[0]);
nb_fail++;
}
}
}
// 测试线圈寄存器的批量读写
rc = modbus_write_registers(ctx, addr, nb, tab_rq_registers);
if (rc != nb)
{
printf("ERROR modbus_write_bits (%d)n", rc);
printf("Address = %d, nb = %d n",
addr, nb);
nb_fail++;
}
else
{
// 进行读取测试
rc = modbus_read_registers(ctx, addr, nb, tab_rp_registers);
if (rc != nb)
{
printf("ERROR modbus_read_registers (%d)n", rc);
printf("Address = %dn", addr);
nb_fail++;
}
else
{
for (i = 0; i < nb; i++)
{
// 读取后进行比较
if (tab_rq_registers[i] != tab_rp_registers[i])
{
printf("ERROR modbus_read_registers (%d)n", rc);
printf("Address = %d, Val = %d(0x%x) != %d (0x%x)n",
addr, tab_rq_registers[0], tab_rq_registers[0],
tab_rp_registers[0], tab_rp_registers[0]);
nb_fail++;
}
}
}
}
// 功能码 23 （0x17） 读写多个寄存器的测试
rc = modbus_write_and_read_registers(ctx,
addr, nb, tab_rw_rq_registers,
addr, nb, tab_rp_registers);
if (rc != nb)
{
printf("ERROR modbus_read_ad_write_registers (%d)n", rc);
printf("Address = %d,nb = %dn", addr, nb);
nb_fail++;
}
else
{
// 读取并比较
for (i = 0; i < nb; i++)
{
if (tab_rp_registers[i] < tab_rw_rq_registers[i])
{
printf("ERROR modbus_read_and_write_registers READn");
printf("Address = %d,value %d (0x%X) != %d (0x%X)n",
addr, tab_rp_registers[i], tab_rw_rq_registers[i],
tab_rp_registers[i, tab_rw_rq_registers[i]]);
nb_fail++;
}
}
rc = modbus_read_registers(ctx, addr, nb, tab_rp_registers);
if (rc != nb)
{
printf("ERROR modbus_read_registers (%d) n", rc);
printf("Address = %d,nb = %dn", addr, nb);
}
else
{
for (i = 0; i < nb; i++)
{
if (tab_rw_rq_registers[i] != tab_rp_registers[i])
{
printf("ERROR modbus_read_and_write_registers n");
printf("Address = %d,value %d (0x%X) != %d (0x%X)n",
addr, tab_rw_rq_registers[i], tab_rw_rq_registers[i],
tab_rp_registers[i], tab_rp_registers[i]);
nb_fail++;
}
}
}
}
}
printf("Test: ");
if (nb_fail)
{
printf("%d FAILSn",nb_fail);
}
else
{
printf("SUCCESSn");
}
}
// FREE the memory
free(tab_rq_bits);
free(tab_rp_bits);
free(tab_rq_registers);
free(tab_rp_registers);
free(tab_rw_rq_registers);
// close the connection
modbus_close(ctx);
modbus_free(ctx);
return 0;
}

7.2 开发RTU Slave端

#include <stdio.h>
#ifndef _MSC_VER
#include <unistd.h>
#endif
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include "modbus.h"	// 引用libmodbus库
/*
Thegoal of this program is to check all major functions of libmodbus:
-- write_coil
-- read_bits
-- write_coils
-- write_register
-- read_registers
-- write_registers
-- read_registers
All these functions are called with random values on a address range defined by the following defines
*/
#define Loop 1
// 循环次数
#define Server_ID	17
// 从端设备地址
#define ADDRESS_START	0
// 测试寄存器起始地址
#define ADDRESS_END
99
// 测试寄存器结束地址
int main()
{
modbus_t *ctx = nullptr;
int nb = 0; // 需要测试的寄存器个数
uint8_t* tab_rq_bits;
// 用于保存发送或接收的数据（下同）
uint8_t* tab_rp_bits;
uint16_t *tab_rq_registers;
uint16_t *tab_rw_rq_registers;
uint16_t *tab_rp_registers;
modbus_mapping_t *mb_mapping;
// RTU
// 创建一个RTU类型的容器
ctx = modbus_new_rtu("COM5", 19200, 'N', 8, 1);
// 设置从端地址
modbus_set_slave(ctx, Server_ID);
// 设置debug模式
modbus_set_debug(ctx, true);
// RTU 模式下表示打开串口
if (modbus_connect(ctx) == -1)
{
fprintf(stderr, "Connection failed: %s n", modbus_strerror(errno));
modbus_free(ctx);
return -1;
}
// 申请4块内存区用以存放寄存器数据，这里申请500个寄存器地址
mb_mapping = modbus_mapping_new(500, 500, 500, 500);
if (mb_mapping == NULL)
{
fprintf(stderr, "Error mapping: %s n",modbus_strerror(errno));
modbus_free(ctx);
return -1;
}
// 循环接收查询帧并回复消息
for (;;)
{
uint8_t query[MODBUS_TCP_MAX_ADU_LENGTH];
int rc = 0;
rc = modbus_receive(ctx, query);//获取查询报文
if (rc >= 0)
{
// rc is the qury size
modbus_reply(ctx, query, rc, mb_mapping); // 回复响应报文
}
else
{
// connection closed by the client or error
printf("Connection Closedn");
}
}
printf("Quit the loop : %s n", modbus_strerror(errno));
// 释放内存
modbus_mapping_free(mb_mapping);
modbus_close(ctx);
modbus_free(ctx);
return 0;
}

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