我是靠谱客的博主 震动黄蜂,最近开发中收集的这篇文章主要介绍SpringCloud学习-周阳A、SpringCloudB、SpringCloud AlibabaC、开发中遇到的BUG,觉得挺不错的,现在分享给大家,希望可以做个参考。

概述

SpringCloud + SpringCloud alibaba

https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV18E411x7eT?p=3&spm_id_from=pageDriver

SpringCloud :分布式的微服务架构的

一站式解决方案,是多种为服务器架构落地技术的集合体,俗称微服务全家桶

image-20220606232051604

image-20220607213434054

A、SpringCloud

一、SpringCloud入门Eureka

1、SpringCloud和SpringBoot版本选择

https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/releases/ 可以看到spring-boot的最新版本。
https://spring.io/projects/spring-boot#learn  可以看到官网SpringBoot的版本
# 官网推荐大概版本:  cloud  --> boot
https://spring.io/projects/spring-cloud#overview
https://spring.io/projects/spring-cloud#learn  通过点击	Reference Doc.,可以看到官方推荐的具体cloud-boot版本
https://docs.spring.io/spring-cloud/docs/Hoxton.SR12/reference/html/
Release Train Version: Hoxton.SR12
Supported Boot Version: 2.3.12.RELEASE

# 具体版本对应关系选择
https://start.spring.io/actuator/info
# 终极方案,在spring-cloud-alibaba里,推荐了boot-cloud-cloudalibaba的版本关系
https://github.com/alibaba/spring-cloud-alibaba/wiki/%E7%89%88%E6%9C%AC%E8%AF%B4%E6%98%8E

小版本

Spring Cloud 小版本分为:

SNAPSHOT: 快照版本,随时可能修改

M: MileStone,M1表示第1个里程碑版本,一般同时标注PRE,表示预览版版。

SR: Service Release,SR1表示第1个正式版本,一般同时标注GA:(GenerallyAvailable),表示稳定版本。

2、各组件版本确定

工具版本
SpringCloudHoxton.SR12
SpringBoot2.3.12.RELEASE
cloud alibaba2.2.7.RELEASE
javajava11
maven3.5.2
mysql8.0.22

3、基本环境搭建

1、 创建project-父工程搭建
1.1 创建project

image-20210219093916795

image-20210219095354279

image-20210224070754791

1.2 字符编码

image-20210219101052852

1.3 注解生效激活

在这里插入图片描述

1.4 配置父项目的pom.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<groupId>com.ityj.springcloud</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-cloud-2022</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>pom</packaging>
	<description>Parent project for Spring Cloud learning!</description>

	<!-- 统一管理jar包版本 -->
	<properties>
		<java.version>11</java.version>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<maven.compiler.source>11</maven.compiler.source>
		<maven.compiler.target>11</maven.compiler.target>
		<spring-boot.version>2.3.12.RELEASE</spring-boot.version>
		<spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.SR12</spring-cloud.version>
		<spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2.2.7.RELEASE</spring-cloud-alibaba.version>
		<mysql.version>8.0.22</mysql.version>
		<druid.version>1.2.9</druid.version>
		<mybatis-plus.version>3.5.1</mybatis-plus.version>
	</properties>

	<!-- 子模块继承之后,提供作用:锁定版本+子module不用写groupId和version
	  	  只提供声明,对应的依赖没有引入
	  -->
	<dependencyManagement>
		<dependencies>
			<!--spring boot 2.3.12.RELEASE-->
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
				<version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
				<type>pom</type>
				<scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>
			<!--spring cloud Hoxton.SR12-->
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
				<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
				<type>pom</type>
				<scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>
			<!--spring cloud alibaba 2.2.7.RELEASE-->
			<dependency>
				<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
				<version>${spring-cloud-alibaba.version}</version>
				<type>pom</type>
				<scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>

			<dependency>
				<groupId>mysql</groupId>
				<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
				<version>${mysql.version}</version>
			</dependency>

			<dependency>
				<groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
				<artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>
				<version>${mybatis-plus.version}</version>
			</dependency>

			<dependency>
				<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
				<artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
				<version>${druid.version}</version>
			</dependency>

		</dependencies>
	</dependencyManagement>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
				<configuration>
					<fork>true</fork>
					<addResources>true</addResources>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>

</project>
1.5 dependencies VS dependencyManagement
  • (1) dependencyManagement用于父类管理的,通常会在一个项目的最顶层父pom文件中出现。
  • (2) pom中的dependencyManagement元素能让子项目中引入依赖而无需显式地列出版本号。maven会沿着父子层级关系向上走,直到找到一个拥有dependencyManagement元素的项目,然后就会使用这个dependencyManagement指定的版本号。
  • (3) 子项目需要的依赖,需要显式地声明,无需添加版本号。(子项目指定版本号就会优先使用自己设置的)
2、创建payment8001子模块(生产者)
1.1 建module

cloud-provider-payment8001生产者

https://github.com/12722097458/spring-cloud-2022/commit/cca9413143c31cdaf850f44835dd42fa2a1aa1b1

image-20220607225049860

1.2 改pom
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-2022</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.ityj.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-provider-payment8081</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.github.xiaoymin</groupId>
            <artifactId>knife4j-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-validation</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>
1.3 写配置文件yml

如果pom引入后,yml配置文件没有变成spring的树叶形状,需要考虑对应的依赖是否正确引入了。鼠标左键能否查看dependency的详细信息

server:
  port: 8001

spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-payment-service
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.137.110:3306/db_cloud?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
    username: root
    password: root

knife4j:
  enable: true    # http://localhost:8001/doc.html
  setting:
    language: en-US
1.4 编写启动类
@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan("com.ityj.springcloud.mapper")
public class Payment8001Starter {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Payment8081Starter.class, args);
    }
}

1.5 编写业务代码

(1)数据表创建

 CREATE TABLE payment (
 id BIGINT(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
 serial VARCHAR(200)
) ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 

(2)实体类entity编写

@Data
@TableName("payment")
public class PaymentPO implements Serializable {
    @TableId(value = "id", type = IdType.AUTO)
    private Long id;

    @TableField(value = "serial")
    private String serial;
}

@Data
public class PaymentDTO {
    @NotEmpty(message = "The value of serial can not be empty!")
    private String serial;
}

编写了返回给前端的统一接口CommonResult

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
public class CommonResult<T> implements Serializable {
    private static final Integer SUCCESS_CODE = 0;
    private static final Integer FAIL_CODE = -1;

    private Integer code;
    private String msg;
    private transient T data;

    public static <T> CommonResult<T> success(T data) {
        return new CommonResult<>(SUCCESS_CODE, CommonConstant.SUCCESS_MSG, data);
    }

    public static CommonResult<String> success() {
        return new CommonResult<>(SUCCESS_CODE, CommonConstant.SUCCESS_MSG, null);
    }

    public static <T> CommonResult<T> fail(String message) {
        return new CommonResult<>(FAIL_CODE, message, null);
    }
}

Knife4j文档管理配置

@EnableSwagger2WebMvc
@Configuration
public class Knife4jConfig {

    private final OpenApiExtensionResolver openApiExtensionResolver;

    @Autowired
    public Knife4jConfig(OpenApiExtensionResolver openApiExtensionResolver) {
        this.openApiExtensionResolver = openApiExtensionResolver;
    }

    @Bean
    public Docket createRestApi() {
        return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2)
                .apiInfo(apiInfo())
                .select()
                .apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.basePackage("com.ityj.springcloud.controller"))
                .paths(PathSelectors.any())
                .build()
                .extensions(openApiExtensionResolver.buildExtensions(""));
    }
 
    private ApiInfo apiInfo() {
        return new ApiInfoBuilder()
                .title("Spring Cloud Learning")
                .description("Restful API")
                .termsOfServiceUrl("www.ityj.com")
                .version("version 1.0")
                .build();
    }
}
knife4j:
  enable: true    # http://localhost:8001/doc.html
  setting:
    language: en-US

(3)通过mybatis-plus实现mapper创建

public interface PaymentMapper extends BaseMapper<PaymentPO> {
}

(4)service业务层编写

public interface PaymentService extends IService<PaymentPO> {
    String save(PaymentDTO paymentDTO);
}


@Service
public class PaymentServiceImpl extends ServiceImpl<PaymentMapper, PaymentPO> implements PaymentService {

    @Transactional
    @Override
    public String save(PaymentDTO paymentDTO) {
        PaymentPO paymentPO = new PaymentPO();
        BeanUtils.copyProperties(paymentDTO, paymentPO);
        int insert = baseMapper.insert(paymentPO);
        return insert > 0 ? null : "Save error!";
    }
}

(5)controller编写

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/payment")
public class PaymentController {

    @Autowired
    private PaymentService paymentService;

    @GetMapping("/get/{id}")
    public CommonResult<PaymentPO> getById(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        return CommonResult.success(paymentService.getById(id));
    }

    @PostMapping("/save")
    public CommonResult<String> save(@RequestBody @Valid PaymentDTO paymentDTO) {
        String message = paymentService.save(paymentDTO);
        return StringUtils.hasText(message) ? CommonResult.fail(message) : CommonResult.success();
    }

}

(6)测试即可

http://localhost:8001/doc.html

3、创建order消费者模块

创建cloud-consumer-order80消费者

同样是以下步骤

1.1 建module

image-20210219172645910

1.2 改pom
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-2022</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.ityj.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-consumer-order80</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <!--热部署-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.github.xiaoymin</groupId>
            <artifactId>knife4j-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

</project>
1.3 改配置文件yml

服务端设置端口号为80

server:
  port: 80

spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-order-service

knife4j:
  enable: true    # http://localhost:80/doc.html
  setting:
    language: en-US
1.4 编写启动类
@SpringBootApplication
public class ConsumerOrder80Starter {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ConsumerOrder80Starter.class, args);
    }
}
1.5 编写业务代码

这里是消费者,需要调用生产者provider,因此用到RestTemplate技术,类似于httpClient连接客户端的技术。

RestTemplate 是从 Spring3.0 开始支持的一个 HTTP 请求工具,它提供了常见的REST请求方案的模版,例如 GET 请求、POST 请求、PUT 请求、DELETE 请求以及一些通用的请求执行方法 exchange 以及 execute。

使用步骤:

(1)编写配置类获取RestTemplate

@Configuration
public class ApplicationContextConfig {

    @Bean
    public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }

}

(2)和controller控制器共同实现服务间的调用

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class OrderController {

    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    private static final String PAYMENT_URL = "http://localhost:8001/";

    @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/get/{id}")
    public CommonResult<PaymentPO> getById(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        return restTemplate.getForObject(PAYMENT_URL + "payment/get/" + id, CommonResult.class);
    }

    @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/save")
    public CommonResult<String> save(PaymentDTO paymentDTO) {
        log.info("Save: {}", paymentDTO);
        return restTemplate.postForObject(PAYMENT_URL + "payment/save", paymentDTO, CommonResult.class);
    }
}


//实体类CommonResult和Payment和payment8001一模一样:后续优化
4、抽取公共模块,减少重复代码

git提交记录

创建模块cloud-api-commons

1.1 建module
1.2 改pom
1.3 抽取共性代码

(1)相同的CommonResult和Payment实体类在payment和order两个模块中都使用到了,可以抽取出来,两个模块再引入commons

1.4 order和payment模块引入commons

4、Eureka单机服务注册中心

Eureka是spring cloud中的一个负责服务注册与发现的组件;

一个Eureka中分为eureka server和eureka client。其中eureka server是作为服务的注册与发现中心。eureka client既可以作为服务的生产者,又可以作为服务的消费者。

image-20210220071348813
1、单机Eureka服务端

建Eureka服务端cloud-eureka-server7001git提交记录

IDEA生成eurekaServer端服务注册中心类似物业公司

1.1 建module

image-20210220073323569

1.2 改pom

引入Eureka服务端的依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-2022</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.ityj.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-eureka-server7001</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.ityj.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${project.parent.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>
1.3 改yml
server:
  port: 7001

eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: localhost  #eureka服务端的实例名字
  client:
    register-with-eureka: false    #表识不向注册中心注册自己
    fetch-registry: false   #表示自己就是注册中心,职责是维护服务实例,并不需要去检索服务
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/    #设置与eureka server交互的地址查询服务和注册服务都需要依赖这个地址

1.4 启动类
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer
public class EurekaServer7001Starter {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(EurekaServer7001Starter.class, args);
    }
}

1.5 启动测试

http://localhost:7001/

image-20210220074914430

2、服务提供方8081入驻eurekaServer

EurekaClient端cloud-provider-payment8081将注册进EurekaServer成为服务提供者provider,类似尚硅谷学校对外提供授课服务

1.1 改pom

添加eurekaClient的依赖

<!--eureka客户端-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
1.2 改启动类

标注此项目是eureka客户端

@EnableEurekaClient   // 表明是eureka客户端
1.3 改yml

标注是否注册进eureka,并指明eureka服务端地址

eureka:
  client:
    register-with-eureka: true
    fetchRegistry: true
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka           # eureka服务端的地址
1.4 测试

启动8081,并访问http://localhost:7001/

image-20210220080936972

3、服务消费者订单模块80入驻eurekaServer

同理操作即可。及得yml加上spring.application.name=cloud-order-service

修改后,启动80服务,访问http://localhost:7001/

image-20210220081853525

5、Eureka集群服务注册中心

如果是单机版的Eureka服务,容错性差。违背了微服务RPC远程服务调用的核心:高可用。

需要搭建Eureka注册中心集群,实现负载均衡+故障容错

image-20220609233637906

1、EurekaServer集群环境构建
1.1 新建7002server和7002server

参考7001server新建cloud-eureka-server7002/cloud-eureka-server7002:新建后再修改相关的配置

1.2 修改Windows映射配置
  • 找到C:WindowsSystem32driversetc路径下的hosts文件
  • 修改映射配置添加进hosts文件
    • 127.0.0.1 eureka7001.com
    • 127.0.0.1 eureka7002.com
    • 127.0.0.1 eureka7003.com
# Copyright (c) 1993-2009 Microsoft Corp.
#
# This is a sample HOSTS file used by Microsoft TCP/IP for Windows.
#
# This file contains the mappings of IP addresses to host names. Each
# entry should be kept on an individual line. The IP address should
# be placed in the first column followed by the corresponding host name.
# The IP address and the host name should be separated by at least one
# space.
#
# Additionally, comments (such as these) may be inserted on individual
# lines or following the machine name denoted by a '#' symbol.
#
# For example:
#
#      102.54.94.97     rhino.acme.com          # source server
#       38.25.63.10     x.acme.com              # x client host

# localhost name resolution is handled within DNS itself.
#	127.0.0.1       localhost
#	::1             localhost
127.0.0.1  eureka7001.com
127.0.0.1  eureka7002.com
127.0.0.1  eureka7003.com

1.3 修改EurekaServer 7001/7002/7003的配置文件

7001:

server:
  port: 7001

eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: eureka7001.com  #eureka服务端的实例名字
  client:
    register-with-eureka: false    #表识不向注册中心注册自己
    fetch-registry: false   #表示自己就是注册中心,职责是维护服务实例,并不需要去检索服务
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka/,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka/    #设置与eureka server交互的地址查询服务和注册服务都需要依赖这个地址

7002:

server:
  port: 7002

eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: eureka7002.com  #eureka服务端的实例名字
  client:
    register-with-eureka: false    #表识不向注册中心注册自己
    fetch-registry: false   #表示自己就是注册中心,职责是维护服务实例,并不需要去检索服务
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka/    #设置与eureka server交互的地址查询服务和注册服务都需要依赖这个地址;互相守望,相互注册。多个用逗号隔开

7003:

server:
  port: 7003

eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: eureka7003.com  #eureka服务端的实例名字
  client:
    register-with-eureka: false    #表识不向注册中心注册自己
    fetch-registry: false   #表示自己就是注册中心,职责是维护服务实例,并不需要去检索服务
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka/    #设置与eureka server交互的地址查询服务和注册服务都需要依赖这个地址;互相守望,相互注册。多个用逗号隔开
1.3 测试

因为在C:WindowsSystem32driversetc路径下的hosts文件修改了localhost的配置

所以此时localhost可以映射为 – 》 eureka7001.com 、 eureka7002.com 和 eureka7003.com

此时启动7001、7002和7003服务

访问以下链接都可以:(7001、7002和7003服务互相注册)

  • http://localhost:7001/
  • http://127.0.0.1:7001/
  • http://eureka7001.com:7001/

image-20220610000904571

2、将客户端发布到EurekaServer集群上

将支付服务8081微服务和订单服务80发布到上面2台Eureka集群配置中

1.1 修改yml配置

只需要修改对应的配置文件即可

eureka:
  client:
    register-with-eureka: false    #true  标识不向注册中心注册自己   false 不注册
    fetchRegistry: true
    service-url:
    #defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka           # eureka服务端的地址 :单机版
    defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka  #集群版
1.2 测试

启动项目,访问http://eureka7001.com:7001/ , http://eureka7002.com:7002/ 和 http://eureka7002.com:7002/

image-20220610003000951

发现相互注册成功

访问http://eureka7001.com:80/doc.html对应的链接并进行调试,看结果是否成功!

对于http请求,80端口默认可以不写。https默认:443

image-20210220101539732

3、支付服务提供者8081和8082集群环境构建

服务提供者8082和8081保持一致,消费者访问时通过交替访问8081和8082实现负载均衡,增加稳定性。

1.1 模仿8081,创建8082的module
1.2 修改8082yml端口为8082
1.3 修改8082和8082的controller返回结果:带上端口号,方便知道调用的服务
1.4 修改cloud-consumer-order80中的ApplicationContextConfig.getRestTemplate()
  • 添加注解@LoadBalanced 开启负载均衡:轮询

  • 并修改restTemplate的url为PAYMENT_URL = "http://CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE/";

1.5 测试

启动服务,访问http://localhost/consumer/payment/getPayment/11

发现访问的服务是8081和8082交替执行,实现了负载均衡。

4、actuator微服务信息完善
eureka:
  instance:
    instance-id: payment8081      # actuator微服务信息完善
    prefer-ip-address: true       #访问路径可以显示ip

可以自定义显示的服务器信息

在这里插入图片描述

5、服务发现DiscoveryClient
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.DiscoveryClient;

@Autowired
private DiscoveryClient discoveryClient;

@RequestMapping(path = "/discoveryClient", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public Object discoveryClient() {
    log.info("进入 discoveryClient()。。。");

    List<ServiceInstance> instances = discoveryClient.getInstances("CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE");
    for (ServiceInstance instance : instances) {
        log.info(instance.getInstanceId() + "-" + instance.getScheme() + "-" + instance.getHost() + ":"
                 + instance.getPort() + "-" + instance.getUri() + "-" + instance.getMetadata());
    }
    List<String> services = discoveryClient.getServices();
    log.info("services:{}", services.toString());
    return discoveryClient;

}

启动类添加注解:

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient   // 表明是eureka客户端
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class Payment8081Starter {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Payment8081Starter.class, args);
    }
}

6、Eureka的自我保护机制

Eureka默认的配置eureka.server.enable-self-preservation=true,开启了自我保护机制。

在这里插入图片描述

Eureka的保护模式主要是用于一组客户端和Eureka Server之间存在网络分区场景下的保护。一旦进入保护模式,Eureka Server将会尝试保护其服务注册表中的信息,不再删除服务注册表中的数据,也就是不会销毁任何微服务。(payment8001即使宕机,也会在Eureka界面显示。)

一句话:某时刻某一个微服务不可用了,Eureka不会立刻清理,依旧会对该微服务的信息进行保存

属于CAP里面的AP分支

(1)禁用自我保护机制(一般不用)

1.1 注册中心eureakeServer端7001

修改eureka.server.enable-self-preservation=false

Eureka里的一个定时任务,每隔60秒清除无效instance

eureka.server.eviction-interval-timer-in-ms=60000

1.2 eureake Client端8001

默认的心跳时间如下:

eureka.instance.lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds=30

eureka.instance.lease-expiration-duration-in-seconds: 90

也就是每隔30秒会向Eureka Server发送一个健康信号。Eureka服务器在收到上一次健康信号超过90秒会将其剔除。需要client-server配合使用。

(2)测试

修改后页面如下:

image-20220611173912378

image-20220611174152884

在这里插入图片描述

二、服务注册进zookeeper(单机版)

1、在linux上安装zookeeper

(1)下载

http://archive.apache.org/dist/zookeeper/下载zookeeper-3.4.9.tar.gz

(2)解压安装

下载完成后进入目录/app/tools/cloud通过rz命令,将下载好的zookeeper-3.4.9.tar.gz进行解压

命令为:tar -zxvf zookeeper-3.4.9.tar.gz

(3)安装后cd zookeeper-3.4.9进入目录,通过mkdir zkData创建文件夹,通过配置用于存储持久化的数据。

(4)简单修改配置文件

cd /app/tools/cloud/zookeeper-3.4.9/conf
# 复制文件
cp zoo_sample.cfg zoo.cfg
vi zoo.cfg
#将 dataDir修改为  --》 dataDir=/app/tools/cloud/zookeeper-3.4.9/zkData

cd /app/tools/cloud/zookeeper-3.4.9/bin
# 可以启动或关闭zk服务器,以及启动zk客户端。
sh zkServer.sh stop      # 关闭zk服务器
sh zkServer.sh start     # 启动zk服务器
sh zkServer.sh status    # 查看状态
sh zkCli.sh              # 启动zk客户端

#zk客户端基本命令
ls /
ls /service
get /service/zookeeper

对于集群模式:

# 201、202、203三台服务器都安装zookeeper
# 1、在zkData目录下新建一个myid的文件,并指定唯一ID--》1 2 3
cd /app/tools/cloud/zookeeper-3.4.9/zkData
touch myid
vi myid   --> 分别指定 1 2 3 

# 2、再次配置zoo.cfg文件
vi /app/tools/cloud/zookeeper-3.4.9/conf/zoo.cfg
集群模式:在最后一行添加以下配置
#######################cluster##########################
server.1=192.168.118.201:2888:3888
server.2=192.168.118.202:2888:3888
server.3=192.168.118.203:2888:3888

server.1/2/3表示myid设置的值的大小

# 3. 分别启动201、202、203的三台zookeeper
cd /app/tools/cloud/zookeeper-3.4.9/bin
sh zkServer.sh start



成功启动后sh zkServer.sh status发现202是leader,201和203都是follower(记着关闭防火墙)

(5)zookeeper基本命令操作

help
ls /
ls2 /    # 'ls2' has been deprecated. Please use 'ls [-s] path' instead.
ls -s /
# 创建两个节点,创建节点时必须同时写入数据
create /sanguo "songjiang"             # 持久存在
get /sanguo   # 取数

create -e /sanguo/wuguo "zhouyu"       # 临时存在,客户端退出重新进入后就消失了 

# 监听
get /sanguo watch  # 如果此时其他客户端修改了/sanguo节点的数值,就可以被发现(只可以监听一次)
另一服务器set /sanguo "shizitou",
此时可以监控到WatchedEvent state:SyncConnected type:NodeDataChanged path:/sanguo

stat /   # 查看节点的详细信息

(6)zookeeper面试题:

请简述 ZooKeeper 的选举机制?

1)半数机制:集群中半数以上机器存活,集群可用。所以 Zookeeper 适合安装奇数台 服务器。

2)Zookeeper 虽然在配置文件中并没有指定 Master 和 Slave。但是,Zookeeper 工作时, 是有一个节点为 Leader,其他则为 Follower,Leader 是通过内部的选举机制临时产生的。

ZooKeeper 的监听原理是什么?

image-20210317162016666

2、创建一个生产者8084和一个消费者80注册入zookeeper

1. 创建一个服务提供者cloud-provider-payment8084

(1)建module
(2)改pom

这里需要注意的是 zookeeper的依赖版本问题。zookeeper-3.5.3-beta.jar:3,如果linux安装的zookeeper版本为3.4.9,和springboot默认版本不一致,会导致启动报错:解决方案1安装3.5.3-beta的程序。2是排除3.5.3-beta依赖,导入3.4.9的zookeeper

这里用的是第一种,完全模仿8001创建出8004. pom删除eureka引入zookeeper

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zookeeper-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
(3)写yml

和8001的区别如下:端口以及注册中心。删除eureka的配置,添加zookeeper的配置

server:
  port: 8004

  cloud:
    zookeeper:
      connect-string: 192.168.137.110:2181
(4)启动类
@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan("com.ityj.springcloud.mapper")
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class Payment8004Starter {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Payment8004Starter.class, args);
    }
}
(5)编写业务代码

和8001保持一致,改了一下路径

@Slf4j
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/zk/payment")
public class PaymentController {

    @Autowired
    private PaymentService paymentService;

    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String serverPort;

    @GetMapping("/get/{id}")
    public CommonResult<PaymentDTO> getById(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        PaymentDTO paymentDTO = paymentService.getPaymentById(id);
        return CommonResult.success(paymentDTO, "ServerPort:" + serverPort);
    }

    @PostMapping("/save")
    public CommonResult<String> save(@RequestBody @Valid PaymentDTO paymentDTO) {
        String message = paymentService.save(paymentDTO);
        return StringUtils.hasText(message) ? CommonResult.fail(message) : CommonResult.success("ServerPort:" + serverPort);
    }
}
(6)测试

启动Payment8084ZkStarter服务,在linux上查看zookeeper的服务信息

image-20220611225000762

(7)总结

当8004宕机时,查看zookeeper注册中心的情况,再次重启观察对应的实例名称。

image-20220611225405184

zookeeper的服务节点是临时节点(CP)

2. 创建一个消费者cloud-consumerzk-order80

(1)建module
(2)改pom,模仿消费者80,把注册中心dependency改成zk
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zookeeper-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
(3)改yml
server:
  port: 80

spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-order-service

  cloud:
    zookeeper:
      connect-string: 192.168.137.110:2181
(4)启动类
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class ConsumerOrderZK80Starter {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ConsumerOrderZK80Starter.class, args);
    }
}
(5)业务代码

消费者消费服务提供者,通过RestTemplate进行信息交互,所以先要引入RestTemplate

和另一个80保持一致,改了一下路径

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class OrderController {

    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    private static final String PAYMENT_URL = "http://cloud-payment-service/";   // zookeeper注意大小写

    @GetMapping("/consumer/zk/payment/get/{id}")
    public CommonResult<PaymentDTO> getById(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        return restTemplate.getForObject(PAYMENT_URL + "zk/payment/get/" + id, CommonResult.class);
    }

    @GetMapping("/consumer/zk/payment/save")
    public CommonResult<String> save(PaymentDTO paymentDTO) {
        log.info("Save: {}", paymentDTO);
        return restTemplate.postForObject(PAYMENT_URL + "zk/payment/save", paymentDTO, CommonResult.class);
    }
}
(6)测试

启动80,看到zookeeper已经注册了80服务

image-20220611231209323

再访问业务代码http://localhost/consumer/zk/payment/get/1

image-20220611232447627

三、服务注册与发现进consul

https://www.consul.io/intro/index.html 官网地址

https://www.springcloud.cc/spring-cloud-consul.html 使用教程

1、下载并安装consul

1.1 在官网下载consul_1.9.3_linux_amd64.zip

1.2 下载完成后上传到/app/tools/cloud,并通过unzip consul_1.9.3_linux_amd64.zip进行解压。

1.3 解压完成后出现一个consul的文件,执行./consul看到如下界面说明安装成功

image-20210221103008302

1.4 安装成功后执行以下命令进行启动

./consul agent -dev -ui -node=consul-dev -client=192.168.118.128

image-20210221103057842

启动成功后再浏览器上访问:http://192.168.118.128:8500

image-20210221103133975

出现页面表示安装成功,如果页面打不开,记着关闭防火墙重试。

使用docker安装consul(使用中)

docker pull consul:latest

docker run -d --name consul-dev -p 8500:8500 consul:latest

image-20220612101037615

2、创建服务提供者,并入驻consul

1.1 建module

新建Module支付服务provider8006

1.2 改pom

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-2022</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.ityj.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-providerconsul-payment8006</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.ityj.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${project.parent.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--当前模块测试consul作为服务注册中心-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-validation</artifactId>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

</project>

1.3 改yml

server:
  port: 8006

spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-consul-payment-service
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.137.110:3306/db_cloud?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
    username: root
    password: root

  cloud:
    consul:
      host: 192.168.137.110
      port: 8500
      discovery:
        service-name: ${spring.application.name}
        prefer-ip-address: true
        ip-address: 192.168.1.8

1.4 启动类

@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan("com.ityj.springcloud.mapper")
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class Payment8006Starter {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Payment8006Starter.class, args);
    }
}

1.5 业务编写

@Slf4j
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/consul/payment")
public class PaymentController {

    @Autowired
    private PaymentService paymentService;

    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String serverPort;

    @GetMapping("/get/{id}")
    public CommonResult<PaymentDTO> getById(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        PaymentDTO paymentDTO = paymentService.getPaymentById(id);
        return CommonResult.success(paymentDTO, "ServerPort:" + serverPort);
    }

    @PostMapping("/save")
    public CommonResult<String> save(@RequestBody @Valid PaymentDTO paymentDTO) {
        String message = paymentService.save(paymentDTO);
        return StringUtils.hasText(message) ? CommonResult.fail(message) : CommonResult.success("ServerPort:" + serverPort);
    }
}

1.6 测试

启动Payment8006Starter服务

访问http://192.168.137.110:8500

image-20220612113328045

访问http://localhost:8006/consul/payment/get/1

在这里插入图片描述

3、创建消费者,并入驻consul

1.1 建module

新建Module消费服务cloud-consumerconsul-order80

1.2 改pom

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-2022</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.ityj.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-consumerconsul-order80</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.ityj.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${project.parent.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--作为consul测试的消费者-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

1.3 改yml

server:
  port: 80

spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-consul-order-service

  cloud:
    consul:
      host: 192.168.137.110
      port: 8500
      discovery:
        service-name: ${spring.application.name}
        prefer-ip-address: true
        ip-address: 192.168.1.8

1.4 启动类

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class ConsumerOrderConsul80Starter {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ConsumerOrderConsul80Starter.class, args);
    }
}

1.5 业务编写

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class OrderController {

    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    private static final String PAYMENT_URL = "http://cloud-consul-payment-service/";

    @GetMapping("/consumer/consul/payment/get/{id}")
    public CommonResult<PaymentDTO> getById(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        return restTemplate.getForObject(PAYMENT_URL + "consul/payment/get/" + id, CommonResult.class);
    }

    @GetMapping("/consumer/consul/payment/save")
    public CommonResult<String> save(PaymentDTO paymentDTO) {
        log.info("Save: {}", paymentDTO);
        return restTemplate.postForObject(PAYMENT_URL + "consul/payment/save", paymentDTO, CommonResult.class);
    }
}

1.6 测试

image-20220612113523370

访问http://localhost/consumer/consul/payment/get/1

image-20220612113606255

1.7 Consul总结

CP,强一致性和分区容错性。

当某个服务宕机,一定时间未收到心跳响应,直接剔除。

四、eureka、zookeeper以及consul异同

CAP:分布式系统有三个指标。CAP理论关注粒度是数据,而不是整体系统设计的策略

  • C:Consistency(强一致性)
  • A:Availability(可用性)
  • P:Partition tolerance(分区容错):基本都需要满足

在这里插入图片描述

  1. eureka强调AP,保证服务能正常运行。当某一个服务宕机时,并不会立即将其注册信息删除。好死不如赖活
  2. zookeeper只有一个客户端,没有UI页面。
  3. zookeeper和consul针对CP。

五、服务调用Ribbon & Feign

1、Spring Cloud Ribbon

Spring Cloud Ribbon是基于Netflix Ribbon实现的一套客户端负载均衡工具。

主要提供客户端的软件负载均衡算法和服务调用

1、负载均衡(Load Balancer)介绍

简单地说:负载均衡就是将用户请求平摊分配到多个服务上,从而达到系统的HA(高可用)。

常见的负载均衡软件有:Nginx,LVS,硬件F5等

2、Ribbon本地负载均衡和Nginx服务端负载均衡区别

(1)Nginx是服务端负载均衡,客户端所有的请求都会交给nginx,然后由nginx实现转发请求。即负载均衡是由服务端实现的。

(2)Ribbon是本地负载均衡,在调用微服务接口时,会在注册中心获取服务注册信息服务列表后 缓存到JVM的本地,从而在本地实现远程RPC远程服务调用技术。

一个牙疼的病人来到医院,需要找一个口腔科的医生。

病人A到医院,进行挂号,挂了一个口腔科的号码,可以认为这里是Nginx进行分配的。

口腔科有多位医生,没人负责一天,给病人A看病的医生可以认为是由Ribbon本地负载的。

3、Ribbon能干嘛:负载均衡+RestTemplate调用

eureka依赖已经引入可Ribbon,所以加入@LoadBalancer可以实现默认的轮询的负载均衡策略

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>

image-20210221173506210

(1)Ribbon的负载规则替换

Ribbon核心组件IRule:根据特定算法从服务列表中选取一个要访问的服务

在这里插入图片描述

修改order80的负载规则:访问消费者的controller时,默认对服务提供者payment8081和8082是轮询使用。现在改为随机方式,

(1)写配置。

这里要求不配置文件不能被SpringBoot的@ComponetScan扫描到,否则自定义的这个配置类就会被所有的Ribbon客户端共享,达不到特殊定制化的目的。(ssssss)

image-20210221175753534

package com.ityj.myrule;

import com.netflix.loadbalancer.IRule;
import com.netflix.loadbalancer.RandomRule;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class MyRandomRule {
    @Bean
    public IRule randomRule() {
        //定义为随机负载规则
        return new RandomRule();
    }
}
(2)改启动类
@RibbonClient(name = "CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE", configuration = MyRandomRule.class)   //修改其负载规则
(3)启动服务,进行测试

http://localhost/consumer/payment/get/1

多次访问,对应端口随机改变。表明切换成功。

image-20210221181929665

IRule --> AbstractLoadBalancerRule --> RoundRobinRule(默认的轮询机制)  -->choose()方法实现服务器的选择。

2、Feign和Open Feign

什么是Feign?

Feign是一个声明式的WebService客户端,使用Feign能让编写Web Service更加简单。它的使用方法是定义一个服务接口,然后在上面添加注解。Feign可以与Eureka和Ribbon组合使用达到负载均衡。

在这里插入图片描述

1、Open Feign使用步骤
(1)建module

建一个cloud-consumer-openfeign-order80的module

(2)改pom

这里主要是多了一个spring-cloud-starter-openfeign的坐标。包含了ribbon的依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-2022</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.ityj.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-consumer-openfeign-order80</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.ityj.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${project.parent.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--通过openfeign实现对payment生产者的http调用-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>


</project>
(3)写yml
server:
  port: 80

spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-openfeign-order-service

eureka:
  client:
    register-with-eureka: true
    fetch-registry: true
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka #集群版
(4)启动类
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableFeignClients   // openfeign
public class ConsumerOpenFeignOrder80Starter {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ConsumerOpenFeignOrder80Starter.class, args);
    }
}
(5)编写业务代码
  1. 新建PaymentFeignService接口并新增注解@FeignClient(value = “CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE”)

  2. 将服务提供者8081的controller声明复制过来,当做接口

    @Component
    @FeignClient(value = "CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE")
    public interface PaymentFeignService {
    
        @GetMapping("/payment/get/{id}")
        CommonResult<PaymentDTO> getById(@PathVariable("id") Long id);
    
        @PostMapping("/payment/save")
        CommonResult<String> save(@RequestBody @Valid PaymentDTO paymentDTO);
    }
    
  3. 编写controller,调用PaymentFeignService接口。

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/openfeign")
@Slf4j
public class OrderFeignController {

    @Autowired
    private PaymentFeignService paymentFeignService;

    @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/get/{id}")
    public CommonResult<PaymentDTO> getById(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        return paymentFeignService.getById(id);
    }

    @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/save")
    public CommonResult<String> save(PaymentDTO paymentDTO) {
        return paymentFeignService.save(paymentDTO);
    }
}
(6)测试

启动7001,7002,7003,8081,8082以及feign80

http://localhost/openfeign/consumer/payment/get/1

结果成功显示,并且端口交替返回,表示ribbon的负载均衡已生效。

(7)总结
  • 启动类上要标明开启OpenFeign注解@EnableFeignClients
  • 自定义的service接口,需要标明@FeignClient(value = "CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE")
  • 默认的消费者等待返回结果的超时时间是1S
2、Open Feign修改超时时间

修改yml配置文件

添加

feign:
  client:
    config:
      default:
        connectTimeout: 5000         # 设置feign调用producer的最大超时时间
        readTimeout: 5000
3、OpenFeign日志打印功能

(1)添加配置文件

@Configuration
public class FeignConfig {

    @Bean
    public Logger.Level loggerLevel() {
        return Logger.Level.FULL;
    }

}

(2)修改yml

logging:
  level:
    com.ityj.springcloud.service.PaymentFeignService: debug

(3)结果

image-20220618102137428

六、服务降级Hystrix

分布式系统面临的问题:

复杂分布式结构中的应用程序有多个依赖关系,每个依赖关系在调用的时候不可避免会出现失败的情况,如果不妥善处理,就可能出现’‘雪崩’'严重后果。

1、Hystrix介绍

在这里插入图片描述

image-20210222083203460

2、Hystrix服务提供者8001构建

(1)建module

新建module:cloud-provider-hystrix-payment8001

(2)改pom

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-2022</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.ityj.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-provider-hystrix-payment8001</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.ityj.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${project.parent.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

(3)写yml

server:
  port: 8001

spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-provider-hystrix-payment

eureka:
  client:
    register-with-eureka: true
    fetch-registry: true
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka  #集群版

  instance:
    instance-id: payment8001
    prefer-ip-address: true

(4)启动类

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
public class PaymentHystrix8001Starter {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(PaymentHystrix8001Starter.class, args);
    }
}

(5)业务逻辑编写

service中包含两个方法:一个是直接返回入参,几乎不耗时;另一个是休眠一定时间再返回入参,会等待一定时间。

@Service
public class PaymentServiceImpl implements PaymentService {

    @Override
    public String success(Long id) {
        return Thread.currentThread().getName() + "-success-" + id;
    }

    @SneakyThrows
    @Override
    public String timeout(Long id) {
        long time = 3;
        TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(time);
        return Thread.currentThread().getName() + "-timeout:" + time + "-" + id;
    }
}

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/payment")
@Slf4j
public class PaymentController {

    @Autowired
    private PaymentService paymentService;

    @GetMapping("/success/{id}")
    public CommonResult<String> success(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        String result = paymentService.success(id);
        log.info(result);
        return CommonResult.success(result);
    }

    @GetMapping("/timeout/{id}")
    public CommonResult<String> timeout(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        String result = paymentService.timeout(id);
        log.info(result);
        return CommonResult.success(result);
    }
}

(6)测试

启动 7001, 7002,7003, cloud-provider-hystrix-payment8001

访问Eureka:http://localhost:7001/,看到8001已经注册进去

image-20220619160033493

访问 localhost:8001/payment/timeout/312

localhost:8001/payment/success/312

都可以正常运行

(7) 利用JMeter测试高并发情况

Jmeter安装

https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1663295636729480721&wfr=spider&for=pc

  • https://jmeter.apache.org/ 下载apache-jmeter-5.4.1.tgz

  • 下载后进行解压,解压完成即可

  • 鼠标左键双击bin目录下 jmeter.bat或ApacheJMeter.jar进行启动
    在这里插入图片描述

  • 配置一个连接进行高并发模拟:一组200个线程,执行100次

    image-20220619160744081

在这里插入图片描述

结论

测试最后发现,当paymentInfo_timeout进行高并发调用时,也会影响到paymentInfo_OK接口效率。

3、Hystrix消费者80

(1)建module

新建cloud-consumer-feign-hystrix-order80来访问8081,模拟出现问题的情况

(2)改pom

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-2022</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.ityj.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-consumer-feign-hystrix-order80</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.ityj.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${project.parent.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--通过openfeign实现对payment生产者的http调用-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

(3)改yml

server:
  port: 80

spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-openfeign-order-service

eureka:
  client:
    register-with-eureka: true
    fetch-registry: true
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka  #集群版

feign:
  client:
    config:
      default:
        connectTimeout: 5000         # 设置feign调用producer的最大超时时间
        readTimeout: 5000

(4)启动类

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableFeignClients
public class ConsumerOrderHystrix80Starter {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ConsumerOrderHystrix80Starter.class, args);
    }
}

(5)业务层

通过openfeign访问服务提供者8001接口编写

@Component
@FeignClient(value = "cloud-provider-hystrix-payment")
public interface PaymentFeignService {

    @GetMapping("/payment/success/{id}")
    CommonResult<String> success(@PathVariable("id") Long id);

    @GetMapping("/payment/timeout/{id}")
    CommonResult<String> timeout(@PathVariable("id") Long id);
}

controller实现

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/hystrix")
@Slf4j
public class OrderFeignController {

    @Autowired
    private PaymentFeignService paymentFeignService;

    @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/success/{id}")
    public CommonResult<String> success(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        return paymentFeignService.success(id);
    }

    @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/timeout/{id}")
    public CommonResult<String> timeout(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        return paymentFeignService.timeout(id);
    }

}

调用localhost/hystrix/consumer/payment/success/312,正常访问。

注意:消费者调用8081用的是open feign,而open feign默认的超时时间是1秒

添加配置,即可正常访问了。

feign:
  client:
    config:
      default:
        connectTimeout: 5000         # 设置feign调用producer的最大超时时间
        readTimeout: 5000

4、问题解决(Hystrix)

1. 服务降级(fallback):设置一个兜底策略

主要用到三个注解

@HystrixCommand@EnableCircuitBreaker@DefaultProperties

这些可以用在生产者上也可以用在消费者上。一般情况是会用于消费者端。

(1)这里先说明用于8001的服务提供者身上:

使用步骤:

  1. 在想要处理的业务层方法上添加@HystrixCommand注解并添加相关属性

    @SneakyThrows
    @Override
    @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "timeoutHandler", commandProperties = {
        @HystrixProperty(name = "execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds", value = "3000")  //3秒钟以内就是正常的业务逻辑
    })
    public String timeout(Long id) {
        //Double.valueOf(null);
        long time = 5;
        TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(time);
        return Thread.currentThread().getName() + "-timeout:" + time + "-" + id;
    }
    
    // 兜底策略
    public String timeoutHandler(Long id) {
        return Thread.currentThread().getName() + "-timeoutHandler: 程序繁忙,请稍后再试---" + id;
    }
    
  2. 在启动类上添加@EnableCircuitBreaker注解

  3. 启动8001服务,访问localhost:8001/payment/timeout/312

    image-20220619195652334

  4. 处理runtimeException, 在@HystrixCommand指定method即可。上面对于超时的配置同样适用于普通报错。

(2)对80的消费者端进行fallback服务降级
    1. 配置文件修改
feign:
  hystrix:
    enabled: true #如果处理自身的容错就开启。开启方式与生产端不一样。
    1. 启动类添加注解

启动类添加@EnableHystrix // 启动Hystrix服务降级

    1. 编写逻辑代码
@GetMapping("/consumer/payment/timeout/{id}")
@HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "orderTimeoutHandler", commandProperties = {
    @HystrixProperty(name = "execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds", value = "1500")
})
public CommonResult<String> timeout(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
    return paymentFeignService.timeout(id);
}

public CommonResult<String> orderTimeoutHandler(Long id) {
    return CommonResult.fail("orderTimeoutHandler: 80消费者端无法在规定时间内获取到响应数据或者程序出错!id = " + id);
}

消费者order80认为1.5秒内的返回为正常的,否则就走超时的兜底逻辑。

  • 4.测试可以发现超时或者order端报错能走到自己写的兜底策略

    image-20220619202529186

(3)问题总结与优化
优化1:defaultFallback

​ 现在每个方法需要写一个兜底策略,代码冗余严重。可以用@DefaultProperties(defaultFallback = “”)注解,对一系列方法配置一个默认的策略。

// 全局的兜底策略 : fallback方法
public CommonResult<String> globalFallBackHandler() {
    return CommonResult.fail(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "全局兜底策略执行了。。。");
}
@DefaultProperties(defaultFallback = "globalFallBackHandler", commandProperties = {
        @HystrixProperty(name = "execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds", value = "10000")
})
@GetMapping("/consumer/payment/success/{id}")
@HystrixCommand
public CommonResult<String> success(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
       //Double.valueOf("sdf");
    return paymentFeignService.success(id);
   }

此时可以直接关闭服务提供者8001,然后调用/consumer/payment/success/{id},可以看到走了defaultFallback

image-20220619213230501

优化2:FeignClient–> fallback属性
@Component
@FeignClient(value = "cloud-provider-hystrix-payment")
public interface PaymentFeignService {

一个自定义的FeignClient接口,可以指向一个服务提供者,因此可以根据这个特点,对这个接口进行实现,完成定制化。避免和业务逻辑混一起。

(1)新建一个类HystrixOrderServiceImpl.java实现接口OrderService

@Service
public class PaymentFallbackService implements PaymentFeignService {
    @Override
    public CommonResult<String> success(Long id) {
        return CommonResult.fail("PaymentFallbackService.success()---> 进入了openfeign默认的兜底策略");
       }
   
       @Override
       public CommonResult<String> timeout(Long id) {
           return CommonResult.fail("PaymentFallbackService.timeout()---> 进入了openfeign默认的兜底策略");
    }
   }

(2)修改openfeign访问生产者的统一接口OrderService

添加fallback的属性。

@Component
@FeignClient(value = "cloud-provider-hystrix-payment", fallback = PaymentFallbackService.class)
public interface PaymentFeignService {}

(3)确保配置文件yml开启了hystrix

feign:
   hystrix:
     	enabled: true #如果处理自身的容错就开启。开启方式与生产端不一样。

(4)启动相关服务器。进行测试。关闭8001或者在服务提供方制造错误,

再次调用链接localhost/hystrix/consumer/payment/success/89465,发现进入服务降级的方法。

image-20220619215826365

2. 服务熔断(break)

image-20210222221754446

如何配置服务熔断:

1、修改cloud-provider-hystrix-payment8001,在PaymentService类中添加paymentCircuitBreaker方法以及其对应的异常服务降级(兜底)方法paymentCircuitBreaker_fallback

@HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "circuitBreakHandler", commandProperties = {
            @HystrixProperty(name = "circuitBreaker.enabled", value = "true"),  //是否开启断路器
            @HystrixProperty(name = "circuitBreaker.requestVolumeThreshold", value = "10"),   //请求次数
            @HystrixProperty(name = "circuitBreaker.sleepWindowInMilliseconds", value = "10000"),  //时间范围
            @HystrixProperty(name = "circuitBreaker.errorThresholdPercentage", value = "60") //失败率达到多少后跳闸
})
@Override
public String circuitBreak(Long id) {
    if (id < 0) {
        throw new RuntimeException("Id cannot less than zero!");
    }
    return Thread.currentThread().getName() + "-------" + id;
}

public String circuitBreakHandler(Long id) {
    return "服务熔断后fallback---> circuitBreakHandler: 当前服务不可用,请稍等重试!id = " + id;
}

2、 添加对应的controller调用接口

@GetMapping("/consumer/payment/circuitBreak/{id}")
public CommonResult<String> circuitBreak(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
    return paymentFeignService.circuitBreak(id);
}

3、启动类添加注解

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableCircuitBreaker  // 开启服务熔断
public class PaymentHystrix8001Starter {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(PaymentHystrix8001Starter.class, args);
    }
}

4、检查配置文件(80)

feign:
  hystrix:
    enabled: true

5、测试服务熔断

上述方法为:当id为负数时,抛出异常。

而配置的服务熔断为:10秒范围内最少10次请求,并且60%以上的失败时,会进行熔断。而一段时间后,如果访问的成功率较好,将会恢复链路。

准备链接localhost/hystrix/consumer/payment/circuitBreak/787和localhost/hystrix/consumer/payment/circuitBreak/-111

模拟正常:多次访问第一个链接,无事发生

模拟异常:连续多次访问第二个链接*(抛异常),一段时间后再访问第一个链接,发现第一个链接也返回异常数据:服务熔断掉了;继续访问第一个链接,一段时间后发现可以正常访问了,表示链路恢复了。

image-20210222222923089

image-20210222222957912

3. 服务限流(flowlimit)

5. 服务监控hystrixDashboard

image-20210223184536259

1、搭建dashboard9001项目

(1)新建module,新建cloud-consumer-hystrix-dashboard9001

(2)改pom

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-2022</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.ityj.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-consumer-hystrix-dashboard9001</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.ityj.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${project.parent.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--新增hystrix dashboard-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix-dashboard</artifactId>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>
</project>

(3)改yml

server:
  port: 9001         # http://localhost:9001/hystrix

hystrix:
  dashboard:
    proxy-stream-allow-list: "*"    # 解决HystrixDashboard 监控页面 Unable to connect to Command Metric Stream.

(4)启动类

需要添加@EnableHystrixDashboard新的注解

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableHystrixDashboard
public class HystrixDashboard9001Starter {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(HystrixDashboard9001Starter.class, args);
    }
}

(5)测试

启动http://localhost:9001/hystrix

image-20220622221450147

2、启动8001,并让dashbord9001对8001进行监控

(1)pom

确保8001中有actuator的依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
(2)确保开启了actuator/hystrix.stream 的监控配置
server:
  port: 8001

...

management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: health,info,hystrix.stream #根据需求增删路径
(3)启动7001,7002,7003,8001,801,9001dashbord

访问http://localhost:9001/hystrix监控平台,并对http://localhost:8001/actuator/hystrix.stream进行监控;

image-20220622221754227

对8001服务熔断的接口进行访问测试:

http://localhost:8001//payment/circuitBreak/333 成功

http://localhost:8001//payment/circuitBreak/-11 失败

多次访问失败链接,发现断路器打开。一段时间后再次访问失败的链接,发现断路器关闭,可以正常工作。

image-20220622222057553

image-20220622222810853

image-20220623201314636

七、Gateway网关

原本网关主要是使用zuul1.X但是,1.X存在一些问题,在升级到2.X过程中公司内部出现一些问题,导致效率低下。Spring选择自己研发GateWay

image-20210224070032972

image-20210224070059661

Spring Cloud Gateway 使用的Webflux中的reactor-netty响应式编程组件,底层使用了Netty通讯框架

能干嘛:

  • 反向代理
  • 鉴权
  • 流量控制
  • 熔断
  • 日志监控

image-20210224073052192

image-20210224222548368

image-20210224222615115

image-20210224222702294

1、三大核心概念

1.1 Route(路由)

路由是构建网关的基本模块,它由ID,目标URI,一系列的断言和过滤器组成,如果断言为true则匹配该路由

1.2 Predicate(断言)

参考的是java8的java.util.function.Predicate开发人员可以匹配HTTP请求中的所有内容(例如请求头或请求参数),如果请求与断言相匹配则进行路由

1.3 Filter(过滤)

指的是Spring框架中GatewayFilter的实例,使用过滤器,可以在请求被路由前或者之后对请求进行修改。

image-20210224222858532

2、搭建gateway9527项目

(1)建module

创建cloud-gateway-gateway9527项目。

(2)改pom

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-2022</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.ityj.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-gateway-gateway9527</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <!--新增gateway-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.ityj.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>com.github.xiaoymin</groupId>
                    <artifactId>knife4j-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>


</project>

(3)改yml

server:
  port: 9527
spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-gateway
eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: cloud-gateway-service
    instance-id: gateway9527
    prefer-ip-address: true
  client:
    service-url:
      register-with-eureka: true
      fetch-registry: true
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka

(4)主启动类

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
public class Gateway9527Starter {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Gateway9527Starter.class, args);
    }
}

(5)测试

目前网关没有做任何工作,只是将自己注册进了eureka

启动7001,7002,7003,8001, 以及9275查看eureka是否将其注册进去了。

http://eureka7001.com:7001/

image-20220626154842647

3、9527网关路由映射8081

启动8081,访问http://localhost:8001/payment/get/1能 正常返回结果。

需求:我们目前不想暴露8001端口,希望在8001外面套一层9527

即访问 http://localhost:9527/payment/get/1也可以正常访问。

只需要修改9527的配置文件

spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
        - id: payment_route #路由的ID,没有固定规则但要求唯一,建议配合服务名
          uri: http://localhost:8001   #匹配后提供服务的路由地址
          predicates:
            - Path=/payment/get/**   #断言,路径相匹配的进行路由

        - id: payment_route2
          uri: http://localhost:8001
          predicates:
            - Path=/payment/discovery  #断言,路径相匹配的进行路由

测试:

访问http://localhost:9527/payment/get/1,可以正常返回结果。

image-20220626155050615

4、通过配置类实现路由

@Configuration
public class GatewayRouteConfig {

    @Bean
    public RouteLocator routeLocator(RouteLocatorBuilder routeLocatorBuilder) {
        RouteLocatorBuilder.Builder routes = routeLocatorBuilder.routes();

        routes.route("route_mil", x -> x.path("/mil").uri("http://news.baidu.com/guonei")).build();
        routes.route("route_game", x -> x.path("/game").uri("http://news.baidu.com/game")).build();
        return routes.build();
    }
}

和通过配置文件编写的一样:

spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
        - id: route_mil #路由的ID,没有固定规则但要求唯一,建议配合服务名      http://news.baidu.com/mil
          uri: http://news.baidu.com   #匹配后提供服务的路由地址
          predicates:
            - Path=/mil   #断言,路径相匹配的进行路由

        - id: route_game
          uri: http://news.baidu.com
          predicates:
            - Path=/game  #断言,路径相匹配的进行路由

image-20220626171645488

5、通过微服务名实现动态路由

默认情况下Gateway会根据注册中心的服务列表,以注册中心上微服务名为路径创建动态路由进行转发,从而实现动态路由的功能

在8081和8082服务下都有`/payment/get/1获取端口号的方法,8001和8002也注册进了Eureka,服务名称为CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE。可以通过这个服务名结合gateway实现负载均衡。

1、启动Eureka7001和Eureka7001、7003、gateway9527和服务8081与服务8082

2、修改gateway9527的yml

  • 添加spring.cloud.gateway.discovery.locator.enabled=true
  • 修改spring.cloud.gateway.routes[1/2].uri=lb://CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE
server:
  port: 9527
spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-gateway
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
        - id: payment_route #路由的ID,没有固定规则但要求唯一,建议配合服务名
          #uri: http://localhost:8001   #匹配后提供服务的路由地址
          uri: lb://CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE   #匹配后提供服务的路由地址
          predicates:
            - Path=/payment/get/**   #断言,路径相匹配的进行路由

        - id: payment_route2
          uri: http://localhost:8001
          predicates:
            - Path=/payment/discovery  #断言,路径相匹配的进行路由


        - id: route_guoji #路由的ID,没有固定规则但要求唯一,建议配合服务名      http://news.baidu.com/guoji
          #uri: http://news.baidu.com   #匹配后提供服务的路由地址
          uri: lb://CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE   #匹配后提供服务的路由地址
          predicates:
            - Path=/guoji   #断言,路径相匹配的进行路由

        - id: route_guonei
          uri: http://news.baidu.com
          predicates:
            - Path=/guonei  #断言,路径相匹配的进行路由
      discovery:
        locator:
          enabled: true

eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: cloud-gateway-service
    instance-id: gateway9527
    prefer-ip-address: true
  client:
    service-url:
      register-with-eureka: true
      fetch-registry: true
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka

3、测试

调用连接 http://localhost:9527/payment/get/1

发现服务端口8081和8082轮询调用

image-20220626173155755

6、Predicate的使用

启动9527项目,发现启动项里有很多Route Predicate Factories

image-20210225213937118

image-20210225214038310

总结:说白了,Predicate就是为了实现一组匹配规则,让请求过来找到对应的Route进行处理

添加一系列的and条件

predicates:
    - Path=/payment/get/**   #断言,路径相匹配的进行路由
    - After=2022-06-26T17:55:13.076168800+08:00[Asia/Shanghai]   # 可以通过 ZonedDateTime.now() 获取携带时区的当前时间。多个predicates之间相当于and,这里的意思是只有在2021-02-25T22:41:56.214+08:00[Asia/Shanghai]之后此路由才能生效。
	- Cookie=username,Jack     # curl -X GET http://localhost:9527/payment/get/1 --cookie "username=Jack"
    - Header=X-Request-Id, d+   #请求头中要有X-Request-Id属性并且值为整数的正则表达式 curl -X GET http://localhost:9527/payment/get/1 -H "X-Request-Id:123" --cookie "username=Jack"
    - Host=**.jack.com   #   curl -X GET http://localhost:9527/payment/get/1 -H "Host:www.jack.com" -H "X-Request-Id:123" --cookie "username=Jack"

7、Filter的使用

image-20210225221404766

1、自定义全局GlobalFilter过滤器

(1)在9725gateway服务中添加GatewayFilter模拟对未登录的用户过滤

即:当请求中不含uname=xxx的键值对时,进行拒绝。

@Component
@Slf4j
public class GatewayFilter implements GlobalFilter, Ordered {

    @Override
    public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
        // http://localhost:9527/payment/discovery?uname=222
        String uname = exchange.getRequest().getQueryParams().getFirst("uname");
        log.info("Into GatewayFilter..., uname = {}", uname);
        if (!StringUtils.hasText(uname)) {
            log.info("Please input username!");
            exchange.getResponse().setStatusCode(HttpStatus.BAD_GATEWAY);
            return exchange.getResponse().setComplete();
        }
        return chain.filter(exchange);
    }

    @Override
    public int getOrder() {
        return 0;
    }
}

(2)测试

正确:http://localhost:9527/payment/discovery?uname=222

image-20220626221205553

错误:http://localhost:9527/payment/discovery

image-20220626221228006

八、Config分布式配置中心

image-20210227211918837

image-20220626225912183

image-20210227212452728

1、Config服务端配置与测试

1、安装git,并创建springcloud-config的仓库

https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44588243/article/details/114207103

2、在Gitee上创建一个项目springcloud-config仓库

用于存放公用的配置文件,作为config服务器的远程服务器文件。 --》config server

(1)建module

cloud-config-center-3344

(2)改pom
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-2022</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.ityj.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-config-center-3344</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.ityj.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${project.parent.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--新加spring-cloud-config-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-config-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>
(3)改yml
server:
  port: 3344
spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-config-center
  cloud:
    config:
      server:
        git:
          uri: https://github.com/12722097458/spring-cloud-2022-config.git
          search-paths:
            - spring-cloud-2022-config
      label: master
eureka:
  client:
    register-with-eureka: true
    fetch-registry: true
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka
  instance:
    instance-id: config3344
    prefer-ip-address: true
(4)启动类

作为配置文件服务端,需要添加注解:@EnableConfigServer

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableConfigServer   // 作为config配置的服务端
public class CloudConfig3344Starter {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(CloudConfig3344Starter.class, args);
    }
}
(5)测试

启动eureka服务端:7001,7002,7003以及新建的3344配置文件服务端。

在C:WindowsSystem32driversetchosts中配置一个映射host

127.0.0.1 config-3344.com

访问http://config-3344.com:3344/master/config-dev.yml(config-dev.yml是github远程仓库的文件),看能否获取到其内容。

结果可以。

image-20220626230944270

2、Config客户端配置与测试

服务端3344访问远程仓库的数据并作为各个微服务的配置中心,而各个微服务3355,3366。。。通过3344来获取和远程仓库一致的配置信息。

(1)建module

cloud-config-client-3355

(2)改pom
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-2022</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.ityj.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-config-client-3355</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.ityj.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${project.parent.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--新加spring-cloud-config-client-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-config-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>
(3)加bootstap.yml

image-20210228111514141

由于idea不会将bootstrap.yml转换成带小叶子的spring配置文件,需要手动操作。

image-20210228112325189

找到对应的文件就行了。

server:
  port: 3355

spring:
  application:
    name: config-client-3355
  cloud:
    config:
      label: master
      name: config
      profile: dev
      uri: http://localhost:3344
eureka:
  client:
    register-with-eureka: true
    fetch-registry: true
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka
  instance:
    instance-id: config-client-3355
    prefer-ip-address: true
(4)启动类编写
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
public class ConfigClient3355Starter {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ConfigClient3355Starter.class, args);
    }
}
(5)业务类编写

访问远程仓库对应的属性,看能否正常获取。其实访问的是3344服务端

@RestController
public class ConfigController {

    @Value("${config.info}")
    private String configInfo;

    @GetMapping("/configInfo")
    public String getConfigInfo(){
        return configInfo;
    }
}
(6)测试

启动时,第一次bootstrap.yml写成了bootstrp,导致无法扫描到这个配置文件,所以访问远程仓库属性导致注入失败,一直报错。

启动7001,7002,7003,3344以及3355

访问http://config-3344.com:3344/master/config-dev.yml,正常。

访问http://config-3344.com:3355/configInfo,正常访问,可以获取到远程仓库的属性。(是通过3344访问出来的)

继续测试:

修改远程仓库的配置内容,3344访问可以立即更新,而3355/configInfo获取的还是未更新前的属性。

重启3355后,3355也能获取到最新的配置了。

现在就出现了一个问题,分布式配置还未实现动态刷新,如果每次更改都需要重启,将会非常麻烦。

3、Config客户端之动态刷新 - 手动版

避免每次更新配置都要重启客户端微服务3355,我们需要修改3355模块:

(1)POM引入actuator监控

确保已经引入

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>

目前此依赖要求和spring-boot-starter-web绑定,两者同时引入。除了网关gateway,其他都加上。

(2)修改YML,暴露监控端口

3355中添加

management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: health,info,hystrix.stream,refresh # refresh POST请求可用于远程仓库配置更新后,3355同步3344server的信息 curl -X POST http://localhost:3355/actuator/refresh
(3)修改控制器

添加注解@RefreshScope

(4)重启3355,测试

启动7001,7002,3344,3355

访问http://config-3344.com:3344/master/config-dev.yml,正常。

访问http://localhost:3355/configInfo,正常。

修改远程仓库的config-dev.yml

访问http://config-3344.com:3344/master/config-dev.yml,直接更新,得到最新数据。

访问http://localhost:3355/configInfo,未更新。

???

还需要一个步骤,需要发送一个post请求,来手动刷新配置。

curl -X POST "http://localhost:3355/actuator/refresh"

image-20220626235156222

刷新完,无需重启项目,再次访问http://localhost:3355/configInfo,发现已经是最新的数据。

(5)总结

此时每次修改后都需要运维人员手动调用链接进行刷新,也很麻烦。

需要找到一种方法:可否广播,一次通知,处处生效?Bus可以解决

九、SpringCloud Bus 消息总线

Spring Cloud Bus配合Spring Cloud Config使用可以实现配置的动态刷新,通过广播实现一次通知,处处生效。

image-20210228161626445

Bus支持两种消息代理:RabbitMQ和Kafka

image-20210228161738048

为何被称为总线?

image-20210228161759871

1、RabbitMQ环境配置

(1)下载安装Erlang

(2)下载安装rabbitmq-server

安装完毕,进入sbin目录:D:JavaRabbitMQrabbitmq-server-3.7.15rabbitmq_server-3.7.15sbin

cmd进入命令窗口,执行rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management命令:

image-20210228162120060

(3)访问地址查看是否安装成功

点击可视化插件:RabbitMQ Service - start,启动服务,并访问http://localhost:15672/

默认用户为 guest/guest

image-20210228162400029

image-20210228162408910

image-20210228162427749

2、模仿3355创建config客户端3366

只有端口为3366,其余都和3355相同

创建完毕,测试:

启动7001,7002,7003,3344,3355,3366

访问http://config-3344.com:3344/master/config-dev.yml:结果为最新配置。

http://localhost:3355/configInfo:也是最新的

http://localhost:3366/configInfo:也是最新的

修改远程配置文件config-dev.yml

发现只有3344会立即更新,而3355和3366都需要分别执行以下命令刷新后可以正常显示最新的配置:

curl -X POST "http://localhost:3355/actuator/refresh"
curl -X POST "http://localhost:3366/actuator/refresh"

3、修改配置,实现全局广播

一次通知,处处生效

利用消息总线触发一个服务端ConfigServer的/bus/refresh端点,而刷新所有客户端的配置(更加推荐)

image-20210228221042471

(1)给cloud-config-center-3344配置中心服务端添加消息总线支持
  1. 改pom

    新增依赖

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-bus-amqp</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    
  2. 改yml

    server:
      port: 3344
    spring:
      application:
        name: cloud-config-center
      cloud:
        config:
          server:
            git:
              uri: https://github.com/12722097458/spring-cloud-2022-config.git
              search-paths:
                - spring-cloud-2022-config
          label: master
      rabbitmq:
        host: localhost
        port: 5672
        username: guest
        password: guest
    
    eureka:
      client:
        register-with-eureka: true
        fetch-registry: true
        service-url:
          defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka
      instance:
        instance-id: config3344
        prefer-ip-address: true
    
    management:
      endpoints:
        web:
          exposure:
            include: 'bus-refresh'       # curl -X POST http://localhost:3344/actuator/bus-refresh
    

    添加了rabbitMQ的配置和最后的bus配置。

(2)给cloud-config-center-3355/3366客户端添加消息总线支持
  1. 改pom

    添加依赖,和3344一致

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-bus-amqp</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    
  2. 添加rabbitMQ的配置

    server端口是5672,UI页面的端口是15672

    spring:
    	rabbitmq:
            host: localhost
            port: 5672
         username: guest
            password: guest
    
(3)测试

启动7001,7002,3344,3355,3366以及rabbitMQ的客户端

访问http://config-3344.com:3344/master/config-dev.yml:结果为最新配置。

http://localhost:3355/configInfo:也是最新的

http://localhost:3366/configInfo:也是最新的

修改远程的配置文件,发现3355和3366都不会更新。

???

需要手动对3344进行一次刷新,刷新后3344会广播到对应的客户端上,进行配置更新。

curl -X POST "http://localhost:3344/actuator/bus-refresh"

执行完毕后3355和3366客户端的配置已经能够获取到最新的了。

一次请求,处处生效。

4、实现定点广播

如果指向定点广播,不想全局广播。即指定客户端进行广播,可以使用以下的请求进行处理。

公式:http://localhost:配置中心的端口号/actuator/bus-refresh/{destination}

eg:只通知3355,不通知3366

curl -X POST "http://localhost:3344/actuator/bus-refresh/config-client:3355"

最后发现,实现了通知3355而未通知3366

十、SpringCloud Stream消息驱动

1、消息驱动概述

image-20220627213315080

屏蔽底层消息中间件的差异,降低切换版本,统一消息的编程模型

image-20210301163054066

为什么用Cloud Stream?

image-20210301163212648

image-20210301163219732

image-20210301163226514

Stream中的消息通信方式遵循了发布-订阅模式,Topic主题进行广播:在RabbitMQ就是Exchange,在kafka中就是Topic。

image-20210301163440328

image-20210301163451470

image-20210301163701364

2、消息驱动之生产者8801项目搭建

(1)cloud-stream-rabbitmq-provider8801创建
(2)pom修改

特殊:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-stream-rabbit</artifactId>
</dependency>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-2022</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.ityj.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-stream-rabbitmq-provider8801</artifactId>

    <dependencies>

        <!--RabbitMQ Binder-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-stream-rabbit</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.ityj.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

</project>
(3)改yml
server:
  port: 8801

spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-stream-provider
  cloud:
    stream:
      binders: # 在此处配置要绑定的rabbitmq的服务信息;
        defaultRabbit: # 表示定义的名称,用于于binding整合
          type: rabbit # 消息组件类型
          environment: # 设置rabbitmq的相关的环境配置
            spring:
              rabbitmq:
                host: localhost
                port: 5672
                username: guest
                password: guest
      bindings: # 服务的整合处理
        output: # 这个名字是一个通道的名称
          destination: studyExchange # 表示要使用的Exchange名称定义
          content-type: application/json # 设置消息类型,本次为json,文本则设置“text/plain”
          binder: defaultRabbit  # 设置要绑定的消息服务的具体设置


eureka:
  client: # 客户端进行Eureka注册的配置
    register-with-eureka: true
    fetch-registry: true
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka
  instance:
    instance-id: send-8801.com  # 在信息列表时显示主机名称
    prefer-ip-address: true     # 访问的路径变为IP地址
(4)启动类
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
public class StreamPayment8801Starter {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(StreamPayment8801Starter.class, args);
    }
}
(5)业务代码
  1. 发送消息接口

    public interface MessageProviderService {
        String sendMessage();
    }
    
  2. 发送消息接口实现类

    @EnableBinding(Source.class)  //定义消息的推送管道
    @Slf4j
    public class MessageProviderServiceImpl implements MessageProviderService {
    
        @Qualifier("output")
        @Autowired
        private MessageChannel messageChannel;
    
        @Override
        public String sendMessage() {
            String message = UUID.fastUUID().toString();
            log.info("Sending data {} to RabbitMQ...", message);
            messageChannel.send(MessageBuilder.withPayload(message).build());
            return message;
        }
    }
    
  3. controller

    @RestController
    @Slf4j
    public class MessageSendController {
    
        @Autowired
        private MessageProviderService messageProviderService;
    
        @GetMapping("/sendMessage")
        public String sendMessage() {
            return messageProviderService.sendMessage();
        }
    
    }
    
(6)测试

启动7001,7002, 7003 以及8801;启动rabbitMQ服务器

访问http://localhost:8801/sendMessage,最终可以在rabbitMQ页面上看到波动情况。

image-20220627233143369

3、消息驱动之消费者8802

(1)新建cloud-stream-rabbitmq-consumer8802
(2)改pom
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-2022</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.ityj.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-stream-rabbitmq-consumer8802</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-stream-rabbit</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.ityj.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>
(3)写yml
server:
  port: 8802

spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-stream-consumer
  cloud:
    stream:
      binders: # 在此处配置要绑定的rabbitmq的服务信息;
        defaultRabbit: # 表示定义的名称,用于于binding整合
          type: rabbit # 消息组件类型
          environment: # 设置rabbitmq的相关的环境配置
            spring:
              rabbitmq:
                host: localhost
                port: 5672
                username: guest
                password: guest
      bindings: # 服务的整合处理
        input: # 这个名字是一个通道的名称
          destination: studyExchange # 表示要使用的Exchange名称定义
          content-type: application/json # 设置消息类型,本次为json,文本则设置“text/plain”
          binder: defaultRabbit  # 设置要绑定的消息服务的具体设置

eureka:
  client: # 客户端进行Eureka注册的配置
    register-with-eureka: true
    fetch-registry: true
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka
  instance:
    instance-id: send-8802.com  # 在信息列表时显示主机名称
    prefer-ip-address: true     # 访问的路径变为IP地址
(4)启动类
@EnableEurekaClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class StreamConsumer8802Starter {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(StreamConsumer8802Starter.class, args);
    }
}
(5)业务编写
@EnableBinding(Sink.class)
@Component
@Slf4j
public class MessageReceiveService {

    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String serverPort;

    @StreamListener(value = Sink.INPUT)
    public void receive(Message<String> message) {
        log.info("Receive data {}, Server port is:{}", message.getPayload(), serverPort);
    }
}
(6)测试

启动7001、7002、7003、8801、8802和rabbitMQ的服务端

多次访问生产者 http://localhost:8801/sendMessage,在rabbitMQ页面上看到波动情况。

其中8802的控制台可以看到有打印信息出现,即进行了消费。

image-20220627233315754

4、消息驱动之消费者8803

复制8802,再新建一个消费者模块。

cloud-stream-rabbitmq-consumer8803

测试:

再启动8803

并多次访问生产者 http://localhost:8801/sendMessage。

此时分别查看8802和8803的控制台打印情况:

8801生产者:

image-20220628093722456

8802消费者:

image-20220628093740680

8803消费者:

image-20220628093811645

发现,生产的两条数据,被8802和8803同时消费掉了。出现了重复消费的问题。

5、分组消费与持久化解决重复消费问题

生产实际案例:

image-20210301192500890

(1)分组

微服务应用放置于同一个group中,就能够保证消息只会被其中一个应用消费一次。不同的组是可以消费的,同一个组内会发生竞争关系,只有其中一个可以消费。

同组竞争,不同组会重复消费。

8802和8803默认每一个微服务的组都是不同的:

image-20210301193008064

修改8802和8803配置文件,显式地指定组名。

group: ityjGroup8802

spring.cloud.stream.bindings.input.group=group-consumer-yj

==此时8802和8803在同一个组内,不会出现重复消费的问题。==两个消费者轮询消费.

8801

image-20220628094205794

8802

image-20220628094219764

8803

image-20220628094231801

(2)持久化

如果启动了8801生产者,此时消费者没有启动。生产者又生产了很多的数据,此时再启动消费者8802,如果消费者启动后能够发现8801生产的数据并进行消费,则说明可以持久化。否则不能;

此时如果配置了group属性,就可以持久化,没有配置就不行。

删除8802的group: group-consumer-yj配置,此时8803有group: group-consumer-yj配置

关闭8802和8803

多次访问:http://localhost:8801/sendMessage

启动8802服务,发现8802启动后不能消费8001已有的数据(没有配置group)

启动8803服务,发现8803启动后可以消费8001已有的数据。

所以group分组一定要加上

在这里插入图片描述

image-20220628095000745

可以看到对于group:group-consumer-yj2没有消费者正常工作,所以任务都存在队列里,当有服务工作时会进行消费(实现了持久化)

image-20220628095238181

十一、SpringCloud Sleuth分布式请求链路追踪

为什么会出现这个技术?需要解决哪些问题?

image-20210301212342572

是什么?

Spring Cloud Sleuth提供了一套完整的服务跟踪的解决方案,在分布式系统中提供追踪解决方案并且兼容支持了zipkin。

image-20210301212424848

一、搭建链路监控步骤

1、启动zipkin
cd D:Javazipkin-server-2.12.9-exec
java -jar zipkin-server-2.12.9-exec.jar

启动成功后,访问http://localhost:9411/zipkin/,正常显示即表示启动成功!

image-20220629233037301

2、运行控制台

image-20210301214019704

image-20210301213934749

Trace:类似于树结构的Span集合,表示一条调用链路,存在唯一标识;span:表示调用链路来源,通俗的理解span就是一次请求信息

3、修改8081提供者和80服务消费者
1.修改cloud-provider-hystrix-payment:8001

(1)改pom

添加依赖

<!--包含了sleuth+zipkin-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId>
</dependency>

(2)改yml

spring:
  # 搭建链路监控
  zipkin:
    base-url: http://localhost:9411
  sleuth:
    sampler:
      # 采样值介于0到1之间,1表示全部采集
      probability: 1
2.修改cloud-openfeign-order-service:80

(1)改pom

<!--包含了sleuth+zipkin-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId>
</dependency>

(2)改yml

spring:
  # 搭建链路监控
  zipkin:
    base-url: http://localhost:9411
  sleuth:
    sampler:
      # 采样值介于0到1之间,1表示全部采集
      probability: 1
3.测试

多次访问http://localhost/hystrix/consumer/payment/success/3

并登录http://localhost:9411/zipkin/

在这里插入图片描述

可见,服务名有了注册的服务。

可以点击依赖进行查看微服务之间的关系,以及其他的细节内容。

image-20220629234028481

image-20220629234107799

B、SpringCloud Alibaba

一、SpringCloud Alibaba Nacos服务注册和配置中心

1、Nacos简介

Nacos:前四个字母分别为Naming和Configuration的前两个字母,最后的s为Service

Nacos就是注册中心+配置中心的组合,一个更易于构建云原生应用的动态服务发现,配置管理和服务管理中心

Nacos = Eureka+Config+Bus

能干嘛?

替代Eureka做服务注册中心,替代Config做服务配置中心。

image-20210302083906157

2、安装并运行Nacos

https://github.com/alibaba/nacos/releases?page=1
cd D:Javacloud-alibabanacos-server-2.1.0nacosbin
startup.cmd -m standalone    # 以单机模式启动

先从官网下载Nacos,nacos-server-2.1.0.zip解压运行bin目录下的startup.cmd即可。

image-20220630224005491

启动后登录其前端页面:http://localhost:8848/nacos

image-20220630224108033

3、Nacos作为服务注册中心替代Eureka

1、服务提供者cloudalibaba-provider-payment9001创建
(1)新建module
(2)改pom
  • 确保父项目中有<artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>的依赖。

  • 在payment9001中修改自己的pom,引入Nacos

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-2022</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.ityj.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloudalibaba-provider-payment9001</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.ityj.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>
(3)改yml
server:
  port: 9001

spring:
  application:
    name: nacos-payment-provider

  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: localhost:8848

management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: '*'
(4)主启动
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class NacosProvider9001Starter {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(NacosProvider9001Starter.class, args);
    }
}

(5)业务代码
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/payment")
public class PaymentController {

    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String serverPort;

    @GetMapping("/nacos/{id}")
    public String getPortInfo(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) {
        return "Input parameter id:" + id + ",serverPort:" + serverPort;
    }

}
(6)测试

启动Nacos服务以及9001

访问http://localhost:8848/nacos,发现9001已经在nacos上注册完毕。

image-20220630233011072

调用controller链接:http://localhost:9001/payment/nacos/33

可正常访问。

image-20220630233036840

2、模仿9001,新建模块9002

只有端口号不同。

新建cloudalibaba-provider-payment9002

或者取巧不想新建重复体力劳动,直接在idea中拷贝虚拟端口映射

image-20210302090231461

image-20210302090355754

保存,启动9011,访问http://localhost:9001/payment/nacos/33和http://localhost:9011/payment/nacos/33都可以正常。

但是不推荐使用。

模仿9001创建module9002。用于负载均衡测试。

image-20220630233205840

3、基于Nacos的服务消费者
(1)建module

cloudalibaba-consumer-nacos-order83

(2)改pom
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-2022</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.ityj.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloudalibaba-consumer-nacos-order83</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.ityj.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

nacos支持负载均衡,因为内部集成了ribbon。

image-20210302091237551

(3)改yml
server:
  port: 83

spring:
  application:
    name: nacos-payment-consumer

  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: localhost:8848

management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: '*'
(4)启动类
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class NacosConsumer83Starter {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(NacosConsumer83Starter.class, args);
    }
}
(5)业务类

作为一个消费端,暂且使用原始的restTemplate来实现和客户端的交互。

此时需要一个配置类来获取restTemplate

@Configuration
public class ApplicationContextConfig {

    // 注册RestTemplate用于服务访问
    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced  // 负载均衡:默认轮询
    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }

}

业务层就是调用provider的/payment/nacos/{id}请求

@RestController
public class OrderController {

    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    private static final String PAYMENT_URL = "http://nacos-payment-provider/";
    
    @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/nacos/{id}")
    public String getById(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        return restTemplate.getForObject(PAYMENT_URL + "payment/nacos/" + id, String.class);
    }

}
(6)测试

启动9001,9002和83

现在Nacos页面上查看服务注册情况:三个都已经注册成功!

image-20220630233512882

访问http://localhost:83/consumer/payment/nacos/33消费者调用情况:

发现可以正常调用,并且实现了负载均衡:轮询

4、各种服务注册对比

image-20210302092813962

Nacos支持AP和CP模式的切换

A:高可用,一定有返回

C:数据一致性

image-20210302093350353

curl -X PUT '$NACOS_SERVER:8848/nacos/v1/ns/operator/switches?entry=serverMode&value=CP'

4、Nacos作为配置中心替代Config+Bus

config+bus的配置中心,需要一个server来获取远程仓库的配置,再将此配置分发到各个微服务,链路较长,而同步比较麻烦。

Nacos的前端页面已经集成了配置中心,可以直接在上面修改,而修改后可以直接获取到。降低耦合

1、搭建nacos的服务
(1)建module

cloudalibaba-config-nacos-client3377

(2)引pom
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>springcloud-0219-00</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.ityj.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloudalibaba-config-nacos-client3377</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <!--nacos-config-->
        <depe<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-2022</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.ityj.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloudalibaba-config-nacos-client3377</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.ityj.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--nacos config-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>
(3)写yml(2个)

application.yml是获取Nacos配置中心的配置文件内容,而bootstrap.yml是自己个性化的内容。

yml的两个配置,为什么要配置两个?

application.yml

spring:
  profiles:
    active: dev

bootstrap.yml

server:
  port: 3377

spring:
  application:
    name: nacos-config-client

  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: localhost:8848
      config:
        server-addr: localhost:8848
        file-extension: yaml

management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: '*'

# ${spring.application.name}-${spring.profile.active}.${spring.cloud.nacos.config.file-extension}
# nacos-config-client-dev.yaml
(4)启动类
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class NacosConfigClient3377Starter {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(NacosConfigClient3377Starter.class, args);
    }

}
(5)controller业务层
@RestController
@RefreshScope
public class ConfigController {

    @Value("${config.info}")
    private String configInfo;

    @GetMapping("/nacos/configInfo")
    public String getConfigInfo() {
        return configInfo;
    }

}
(6)添加Nacos配置

登录http://localhost:8848/nacos,在配置列表里新增nacos-config-client-dev.yaml配置文件,文件名是根据上述两个配置中固定的。

image-20220701125939750

image-20220701125953898

(7)测试

访问http://localhost:3377/nacos/configInfo,可正常获取

修改Nacos的配置,再次访问http://localhost:3377/nacos/configInfo,发现已经实时更新。

2、Nacos配置的具体化-分类配置

对于多环境多项目管理,可以通过Nacos简单地实现。

image-20210302103609376

(1)Data Id

dataId是根据spring.profiles.active的不同来实现区分的:

image-20210302104149238

image-20210302104058466

修改application.yml的active属性即可

spring:
  profiles:
    active: dat

重启3377,访问http://localhost:3377/config/info,可实现切换。

image-20210302104535016

(2)group实现分组

默认是 DEFAULT_GROUP

新建一个DAT的group:DAT_GROUP

image-20210302105449638

此时修改bootstrap.yml的配置:添加group的属性

spring:
  application:
    name: nacos-config-client
  cloud:
    nacos:
      config:
        server-addr: localhost:8848 #配置中心地址
        file-extension: yaml #指定yaml格式的配置
        group: DAT_GROUP   # 指定group

上一步骤application.yml激活的还是dat

重启访问http://localhost:3377/config/info,可实现切换。

image-20210302105433051

(3)通过namespace实现多项目的划分

通过namespace可以对不同的项目进行分组,比如ssm-learning和springboot-learning会拥有不同的配置文件,此时就可以通过命名空间来实现项目的划分。

image-20210302105603006

image-20210302105620881

自动生成了一个命名空间id,这个id需要配置在项目的配置文件中,实现分组查找。

image-20210302105738663

多了一个命名空间ssm-learning

在ssm-learning命名空间中新建 nacos-config-client-dat.yaml的配置文件

组改为DAT_GROUP,这样项目中group就不需要修改了,而正常生产中也需要制定相应的group,避免default

image-20210302110002354

修改yml

spring:
  application:
    name: nacos-config-client
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: localhost:8848 #服务注册中心地址
      config:
        server-addr: localhost:8848 #配置中心地址
        file-extension: yaml #指定yaml格式的配置
        group: DAT_GROUP
        namespace: b416401e-3db7-4920-b202-4f9829504695

重启,调用http://localhost:3377/config/info,可正常访问。

image-20210302110233932

image-20210302110305326

hostname -i

5、Nacos集群和持久化配置(重要)

1、切换nacos默认数据源

nacos默认的数据源是Derby,如果多个节点的nacos出现时,每一个节点有一个内嵌的Derby数据库,会导致数据不一致。所以切换到mysql.

官方的教程:

https://nacos.io/zh-cn/docs/cluster-mode-quick-start.html
https://nacos.io/zh-cn/docs/deployment.html
(1)建表

找到conf目录下的nacos-mysql.sql文件,执行脚本,生成对应的表。

cat D:Javacloud-alibabanacos-server-2.1.0nacosconfnacos-mysql.sql
OR
https://github.com/alibaba/nacos/blob/develop/config/src/main/resources/META-INF/nacos-db.sql

image-20220704225943292

create database nacos_config;
/*
 * Copyright 1999-2018 Alibaba Group Holding Ltd.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

/******************************************/
/*   数据库全名 = nacos_config   */
/*   表名称 = config_info   */
/******************************************/
CREATE TABLE `config_info` (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'id',
  `data_id` varchar(255) NOT NULL COMMENT 'data_id',
  `group_id` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `content` longtext NOT NULL COMMENT 'content',
  `md5` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'md5',
  `gmt_create` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '创建时间',
  `gmt_modified` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '修改时间',
  `src_user` text COMMENT 'source user',
  `src_ip` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'source ip',
  `app_name` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL,
  `tenant_id` varchar(128) DEFAULT '' COMMENT '租户字段',
  `c_desc` varchar(256) DEFAULT NULL,
  `c_use` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL,
  `effect` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL,
  `type` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL,
  `c_schema` text,
  `encrypted_data_key` text NOT NULL COMMENT '秘钥',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  UNIQUE KEY `uk_configinfo_datagrouptenant` (`data_id`,`group_id`,`tenant_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin COMMENT='config_info';

/******************************************/
/*   数据库全名 = nacos_config   */
/*   表名称 = config_info_aggr   */
/******************************************/
CREATE TABLE `config_info_aggr` (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'id',
  `data_id` varchar(255) NOT NULL COMMENT 'data_id',
  `group_id` varchar(255) NOT NULL COMMENT 'group_id',
  `datum_id` varchar(255) NOT NULL COMMENT 'datum_id',
  `content` longtext NOT NULL COMMENT '内容',
  `gmt_modified` datetime NOT NULL COMMENT '修改时间',
  `app_name` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL,
  `tenant_id` varchar(128) DEFAULT '' COMMENT '租户字段',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  UNIQUE KEY `uk_configinfoaggr_datagrouptenantdatum` (`data_id`,`group_id`,`tenant_id`,`datum_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin COMMENT='增加租户字段';


/******************************************/
/*   数据库全名 = nacos_config   */
/*   表名称 = config_info_beta   */
/******************************************/
CREATE TABLE `config_info_beta` (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'id',
  `data_id` varchar(255) NOT NULL COMMENT 'data_id',
  `group_id` varchar(128) NOT NULL COMMENT 'group_id',
  `app_name` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'app_name',
  `content` longtext NOT NULL COMMENT 'content',
  `beta_ips` varchar(1024) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'betaIps',
  `md5` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'md5',
  `gmt_create` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '创建时间',
  `gmt_modified` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '修改时间',
  `src_user` text COMMENT 'source user',
  `src_ip` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'source ip',
  `tenant_id` varchar(128) DEFAULT '' COMMENT '租户字段',
  `encrypted_data_key` text NOT NULL COMMENT '秘钥',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  UNIQUE KEY `uk_configinfobeta_datagrouptenant` (`data_id`,`group_id`,`tenant_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin COMMENT='config_info_beta';

/******************************************/
/*   数据库全名 = nacos_config   */
/*   表名称 = config_info_tag   */
/******************************************/
CREATE TABLE `config_info_tag` (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'id',
  `data_id` varchar(255) NOT NULL COMMENT 'data_id',
  `group_id` varchar(128) NOT NULL COMMENT 'group_id',
  `tenant_id` varchar(128) DEFAULT '' COMMENT 'tenant_id',
  `tag_id` varchar(128) NOT NULL COMMENT 'tag_id',
  `app_name` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'app_name',
  `content` longtext NOT NULL COMMENT 'content',
  `md5` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'md5',
  `gmt_create` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '创建时间',
  `gmt_modified` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '修改时间',
  `src_user` text COMMENT 'source user',
  `src_ip` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'source ip',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  UNIQUE KEY `uk_configinfotag_datagrouptenanttag` (`data_id`,`group_id`,`tenant_id`,`tag_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin COMMENT='config_info_tag';

/******************************************/
/*   数据库全名 = nacos_config   */
/*   表名称 = config_tags_relation   */
/******************************************/
CREATE TABLE `config_tags_relation` (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL COMMENT 'id',
  `tag_name` varchar(128) NOT NULL COMMENT 'tag_name',
  `tag_type` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'tag_type',
  `data_id` varchar(255) NOT NULL COMMENT 'data_id',
  `group_id` varchar(128) NOT NULL COMMENT 'group_id',
  `tenant_id` varchar(128) DEFAULT '' COMMENT 'tenant_id',
  `nid` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  PRIMARY KEY (`nid`),
  UNIQUE KEY `uk_configtagrelation_configidtag` (`id`,`tag_name`,`tag_type`),
  KEY `idx_tenant_id` (`tenant_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin COMMENT='config_tag_relation';

/******************************************/
/*   数据库全名 = nacos_config   */
/*   表名称 = group_capacity   */
/******************************************/
CREATE TABLE `group_capacity` (
  `id` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键ID',
  `group_id` varchar(128) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT 'Group ID,空字符表示整个集群',
  `quota` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '配额,0表示使用默认值',
  `usage` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '使用量',
  `max_size` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '单个配置大小上限,单位为字节,0表示使用默认值',
  `max_aggr_count` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '聚合子配置最大个数,,0表示使用默认值',
  `max_aggr_size` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '单个聚合数据的子配置大小上限,单位为字节,0表示使用默认值',
  `max_history_count` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '最大变更历史数量',
  `gmt_create` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '创建时间',
  `gmt_modified` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '修改时间',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  UNIQUE KEY `uk_group_id` (`group_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin COMMENT='集群、各Group容量信息表';

/******************************************/
/*   数据库全名 = nacos_config   */
/*   表名称 = his_config_info   */
/******************************************/
CREATE TABLE `his_config_info` (
  `id` bigint(64) unsigned NOT NULL,
  `nid` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `data_id` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
  `group_id` varchar(128) NOT NULL,
  `app_name` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'app_name',
  `content` longtext NOT NULL,
  `md5` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL,
  `gmt_create` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
  `gmt_modified` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
  `src_user` text,
  `src_ip` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
  `op_type` char(10) DEFAULT NULL,
  `tenant_id` varchar(128) DEFAULT '' COMMENT '租户字段',
  `encrypted_data_key` text NOT NULL COMMENT '秘钥',
  PRIMARY KEY (`nid`),
  KEY `idx_gmt_create` (`gmt_create`),
  KEY `idx_gmt_modified` (`gmt_modified`),
  KEY `idx_did` (`data_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin COMMENT='多租户改造';


/******************************************/
/*   数据库全名 = nacos_config   */
/*   表名称 = tenant_capacity   */
/******************************************/
CREATE TABLE `tenant_capacity` (
  `id` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键ID',
  `tenant_id` varchar(128) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT 'Tenant ID',
  `quota` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '配额,0表示使用默认值',
  `usage` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '使用量',
  `max_size` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '单个配置大小上限,单位为字节,0表示使用默认值',
  `max_aggr_count` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '聚合子配置最大个数',
  `max_aggr_size` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '单个聚合数据的子配置大小上限,单位为字节,0表示使用默认值',
  `max_history_count` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '最大变更历史数量',
  `gmt_create` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '创建时间',
  `gmt_modified` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '修改时间',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  UNIQUE KEY `uk_tenant_id` (`tenant_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin COMMENT='租户容量信息表';


CREATE TABLE `tenant_info` (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'id',
  `kp` varchar(128) NOT NULL COMMENT 'kp',
  `tenant_id` varchar(128) default '' COMMENT 'tenant_id',
  `tenant_name` varchar(128) default '' COMMENT 'tenant_name',
  `tenant_desc` varchar(256) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'tenant_desc',
  `create_source` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'create_source',
  `gmt_create` bigint(20) NOT NULL COMMENT '创建时间',
  `gmt_modified` bigint(20) NOT NULL COMMENT '修改时间',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  UNIQUE KEY `uk_tenant_info_kptenantid` (`kp`,`tenant_id`),
  KEY `idx_tenant_id` (`tenant_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin COMMENT='tenant_info';

CREATE TABLE `users` (
	`username` varchar(50) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
	`password` varchar(500) NOT NULL,
	`enabled` boolean NOT NULL
);

CREATE TABLE `roles` (
	`username` varchar(50) NOT NULL,
	`role` varchar(50) NOT NULL,
	UNIQUE INDEX `idx_user_role` (`username` ASC, `role` ASC) USING BTREE
);

CREATE TABLE `permissions` (
    `role` varchar(50) NOT NULL,
    `resource` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
    `action` varchar(8) NOT NULL,
    UNIQUE INDEX `uk_role_permission` (`role`,`resource`,`action`) USING BTREE
);

INSERT INTO users (username, password, enabled) VALUES ('nacos', '$2a$10$EuWPZHzz32dJN7jexM34MOeYirDdFAZm2kuWj7VEOJhhZkDrxfvUu', TRUE);

INSERT INTO roles (username, role) VALUES ('nacos', 'ROLE_ADMIN');

(2)切换数据源:改配置

将下面的配置append到conf/application.properties中。

spring.datasource.platform=mysql

db.num=1
db.url.0=jdbc:mysql://192.168.137.110:3306/nacos_config?characterEncoding=utf8&connectTimeout=1000&socketTimeout=3000&autoReconnect=true&useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
db.user=root
db.password=root
(3)重启nacos测试

重启后之前的配置和namespace都清空了。再次添加配置,发现已经持久化到数据库中了。

image-20220704225923589

2、在Linux上安装nacos并切换到mysql数据源
1.1 下载nacos-server-2.1.0.tar.gz
1.2 上传并压缩上述文件
cd /app/tools/springcloud
rz
tar -zxvf nacos-server-2.1.0.tar.gz

image-20220706223603690

1.3 修改application.properties进行数据源切换

追加配置:

spring.datasource.platform=mysql

db.num=1
db.url.0=jdbc:mysql://192.168.137.110:3306/nacos_config?characterEncoding=utf8&connectTimeout=1000&socketTimeout=3000&autoReconnect=true&useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
db.user=root
db.password=root
1.4 启动nacos测试
sh /app/tools/springcloud/nacos/bin/startup.sh -m standalone

image-20220706224346786

浏览器访问

因为和之前windows上配置的是相同的mysql数据库,所以数据一致的,已经存在了之前保存好的namespace. 切换成功。

image-20220706224556340

3、将nacos配置成集群模式,启动多个nacos
1.1 修改cluster.config

备份文件,并添加三个配置

[root@localhost bin]# cd ../conf/
[root@localhost conf]# ls
1.4.0-ipv6_support-update.sql  application.properties  application.properties.example  cluster.conf.example  nacos-logback.xml  nacos-mysql.sql  schema.sql
[root@localhost conf]# cp cluster.conf.example cluster.conf
[root@localhost conf]# vi cluster.conf
[root@localhost conf]# cat cluster.conf
192.168.137.110:3333
192.168.137.110:4444
192.168.137.110:5555
1.2 修改application.properties
  • 1、添加mysql的配置
spring.datasource.platform=mysql

db.num=1
db.url.0=jdbc:mysql://192.168.137.110:3306/nacos_config?characterEncoding=utf8&connectTimeout=1000&socketTimeout=3000&autoReconnect=true&useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
db.user=root
db.password=root
  • 2、修改server.port
server.port=3333

image-20220708165607934

1.3 复制压缩后的文件三份,分别为nacos3333,ncaos4444,nacos5555

并分别修改其application.properties中的server.port为3333,4444和5555

image-20220708165955951

1.4 启动nacos进行测试
sh /app/tools/springcloud/nacos3333/bin/startup.sh
sh /app/tools/springcloud/nacos4444/bin/startup.sh
sh /app/tools/springcloud/nacos5555/bin/startup.sh

ps -ef|grep nacos|grep -v grep|wc -l   # 查看启动了几个nacos

image-20220708170120855

image-20220708170145514

4、通过nginx将上述三个nacos进行代理
1.1 安装nginx

直接解压即可

1.2 修改nginx.conf
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;
    upstream nacos-cluster {
        server 192.168.137.110:3333;
        server 192.168.137.110:4444;
        server 192.168.137.110:5555;
    }
    server {
        listen    1111;
        server_name  localhost;
        location / {
            proxy_pass http://nacos-cluster;
        }



        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }


    }

}

image-20220708124152726

1.3 启动nginx测试
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx  -c /app/tools/springcloud/nginx-1.18.0/conf/nginx.conf

cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin
./nginx    # 启动
./nginx -s stop  #停止
./nginx -s quit  #安全退出
./nginx -s reload  #重新加载配置文件

在3台nacos成功启动的基础上,启动好nginx

image-20220708170348635

5、启动3个nacos和1个nginx进行测试

image-20220708125138586

# 启动nacos
sh /app/tools/springcloud/nacos3333/bin/startup.sh
sh /app/tools/springcloud/nacos4444/bin/startup.sh
sh /app/tools/springcloud/nacos5555/bin/startup.sh
# 启动nginx
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx  -c /app/tools/springcloud/nginx-1.18.0/conf/nginx.conf

image-20220708170448112

关掉nacos5555, 发现页面同时更新。此时并不会影响nacos正常工作。

image-20220708170635858

image-20220708170719892

二、Sentinel

一句话解释,之前我们讲解过的Hystrix

1、安装Sentinel控制台

其实就是有一个jar包,运行即可,默认端口为8080。

https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/releases/tag/1.8.4

image-20220709154717834

2、创建项目,入驻Sentinel

(1)建module

cloudalibaba-sentinel-service8401

(2)改pom

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-2022</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.ityj.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloudalibaba-sentinel-service8401</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.ityj.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--新增sentinel依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--后续持久化需要-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId>
            <artifactId>sentinel-datasource-nacos</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

(3)写yml

server:
  port: 8401

spring:
  application:
    name: cloudalibaba-sentinel-service
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: 192.168.137.110:3333,192.168.137.110:4444,192.168.137.110:5555
    sentinel:
      transport:
        dashboard: localhost:8080  # sentinel dashboard的路径
        port: 8719  #默认8719,假如被占用了会自动从8719开始依次+1扫描。直至找到未被占用的端口

management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: '*'

(4)主启动

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class SentinelService8401Starter {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SentinelService8401Starter.class, args);
    }
}

(5)业务方法

@RestController
public class FlowLimitController {
    @GetMapping("/testA")
    public String testA() {
        return "------testA";
    }

    @GetMapping("/testB")
    public String testB() {

        return "------testB";
    }
}

(6)测试

启动Nacos集群,再启动Sentinel,最后启动8401(Sentinel可以不依赖于nacos, 独立运行)

启动成功后,在Nacos服务注册中心可以看到8401的服务;

而sentinel的控制台并没有发现有信息:主要是sentinel是属于懒加载,只有服务访问了,才可以看到。

访问http://localhost:8401/testA和http://localhost:8401/testB后,可以看到控制台有对这两个接口的监控详细信息。

image-20210302132619819

3、流控模式

(1)QPS直接失败

QPS:每秒的访问量

image-20210302143549378

表示每秒仅支持访问一次,超过一次将会放回错误信息!

image-20210302143650443

(2)线程数直接失败

修改/testB的程序,休眠1分钟

@GetMapping("/testB")
public String testB() {
    
    try {
        TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    return "------testB";
}

在Sentinel控制面板中进行配置:

image-20210302143854604

线程数大于1将会直接报错。

此时调用多个线程访问,即多次F5刷新,此时会返回错误信息:

image-20210302143943601

(3)流控效果-Warm Up

image-20210302150430692

静置一段时间后初次访问开始计算

前5秒为预热时间,这段时间的请求阈值是 10 / 3 = 3;其中10是设置的,3是系统默认的coldFactor

超过5秒,回归正常的阈值设置10;查过10的QPS将会限流

image-20210302151243157

image-20210302151452841

应用场景:

image-20210303082650279

(4)流控效果-排队等待

testB接口每秒只支持执行一次,多余的接口会排队等待,超时时间为500ms

image-20220710112115094

image-20220710112331427

(5)关联模式

A关联B,如果B的QPS查过阈值,A将会限流报错。

订单模块关联支付模块,如果支付模块访问量过大,订单模块需要限流。

程序中去掉testB的休眠。

@GetMapping("/testB")
public String testB() {

    /*try {
        TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }*/
    return "------testB";
}

配置sentinel

image-20210302144811329

测试:

使用postman访问/testB,模拟高并发

image-20210302145055760

image-20210302145127906

先保证testA可以正常运行,在postman中调用testB的接口

同时调用A,看A的运行情况。

image-20210302145306875

A直接被限流,当B执行完毕(没有高并发访问)时,A可以再次正常运行。

4、Sentinel熔断降级

1.8+有了新的改版:https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/wiki/%E7%86%94%E6%96%AD%E9%99%8D%E7%BA%A7

image-20210303090210435

(1)RT

image-20210303090307739

image-20210303090314496

添加测试方法:

@GetMapping("/testD")
public String testD() {
    try { 
        TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1); 
    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
        e.printStackTrace(); 
    }
    log.info("testD 测试RT");

    return "------testD";
}

image-20210303091501582

RT是指平均响应时间,如果1秒内持续进入了5个及以上的线程请求,并且平均响应时间大于0.2秒,那么接下来的5秒钟,服务将会熔断,不可用。5秒后恢复正常。

使用Jmeter压测,1秒钟5次请求,并且一直执行,而testD方法的执行时间大于200ms,所以会进行熔断降级处理。

image-20210303092106153

image-20210303092139751

image-20210303093906803

(2)异常比例

不要加异常处理器ExceptionHandler,否则不会被认为是异常

image-20210303094054649

image-20210303094105415

image-20210303094354662

(3)异常数

image-20210303094319222

image-20210303094323432

image-20210303094341479

5、热点key降级

热点限流就是通过一个自定义的兜底方法,实现对于异常的处理。

之前配置的sentinel降级:如果程序出错,将会返回系统默认的规则。

这里的兜底就是Hystrix中的兜底方法(类似)。

注解这里是@SentinelResource,替代了豪猪哥的@HystrixCommand

1、程序编写实现热点限流

(1)写业务

@SentinelResource(value = "testHotKey", fallback = "hotKey_fallBack")
@GetMapping("/testHotKey")
public String testHotKey(@RequestParam(value = "id", required = false) String id,
                         @RequestParam(value = "name", required = false)  String name) {
    return "------testHotKey:" + id + name;
}

public String hotKey_fallBack(String id, String name) {
    return "------hotKey_fallBack";
}

(2)在sentinel配置页面配置

在访问带有p1参数的请求:http://localhost:8401/testHotKey?id=22,如果一分钟请求数大于1,在接下来的统计窗口1秒中,会走兜底方法,而不是Whitelabel Error Page

image-20220716180510867

2、热点限流设置白名单

如果说http://localhost:8401/testHotKey?id=666的请求p1=666为白名单,就是说访问http://localhost:8401/testHotKey?id=666时,会有一个新的自定义的阈值条件,达到此条件会走兜底方法。

配置即可:

image-20210303101113651

测试http://localhost:8401/testHotKey?id=666和http://localhost:8401/testHotKey?id=123

发现666不会走兜底策略(访问没到200阈值)

而p1=123直接很快进入兜底方法。

image-20220716180704206

6、系统规则

作为系统的总把关,例如网红小吃店,如果只能容纳50人,到50后就拒绝进入了。

image-20210303103254176

http://localhost:8401/testA

image-20220716183000457

最好不要使用,范围太大。

7、@SentinelResource

1、按资源名称限流+后续处理

blockHandler 只针对sentinel控制台的配置的规则,比如限流这些条件达到了,会走handleException方法。

如果java报错,还是把错误信息给显示在了页面上,不和谐

@RestController
public class RateLimitController {

    @GetMapping("/byResource")
    @SentinelResource(value = "byResource", blockHandler = "handleException")
    public CommonResult byResource() {
        return new CommonResult(200, "按资源名称限流测试OK", new Payment(2020L, "serial001"));
    }

    public CommonResult handleException(BlockException exception) {
        return new CommonResult(444, exception.getClass().getCanonicalName() + "t 服务不可用");
    }
}

http://localhost:8401/byResource

image-20210303105237144

image-20210303105347348

多次访问

image-20210303105254463

问题:

关闭8401服务,sentinel工作台上没有了相关的服务,请求也变为访问错误

image-20210303105513412

image-20210303105546371

说明注册没有持久化。

2、按照Url地址限流+后续处理
@GetMapping("/rateLimit/byUrl")
@SentinelResource(value = "byUrl")
public CommonResult byUrl()
{
    return new CommonResult(200,"按url限流测试OK",new Payment(2020L,"serial002"));
}

image-20210303105829319

这个没有编写对应的兜底策略,返回的是系统默认提示。

http://localhost:8401/rateLimit/byUrl

问题:

image-20210303105915372

3、客户自定义限流处理逻辑

顶一一个全局的兜底策略,出问题走此逻辑。

(1)自定义的全局兜底策略

    /*
    *  1. 必须是 static
    *   com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.annotation.aspectj.SentinelResourceAspect.invokeResourceWithSentinel
    *  2. 最后一个参数必须是BlockException,并且前面的参数要和原方法保持一致
    * */
public class CustomerBlockHandler {

    public static CommonResult handleException(BlockException exception) {
        return new CommonResult(2021, "自定义限流处理信息....CustomerBlockHandler");
    }
}

(2)普通的业务类

配置了@SentinelResource,以及其指向的兜底策略blockHandlerClass + blockHandler

@GetMapping("/rateLimit/customerBlockHandler")
@SentinelResource(value = "customerBlockHandler",
        blockHandlerClass = CustomerBlockHandler.class,
        blockHandler = "handleException")
public CommonResult customerBlockHandler() {
    return new CommonResult(200, "按客戶自定义", new Payment(2020L, "serial003"));
}

(3)测试

image-20210303111316920

http://localhost:8401/rateLimit/customerBlockHandler

image-20210303111854207

多次访问,可见:走了自定义的全局处理策略。

8、服务熔断功能

整合openfeign,结合blockHandler和fallback实现高可用

代码提交链接

9、规则持久化

Sentinel目前配置的规则并未进行持久化,一旦项目重启,规则将消失。

解决方法:可以存到某些持久化容器里,或者数据库。官方推荐通过nacos进行存储(就是持久化到Mysql中了)

将cloudalibaba-consumer-nacos-order84的payment/get/{id}持久化到nacos的步骤

(1)添加依赖
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId>
    <artifactId>sentinel-datasource-nacos</artifactId>
</dependency>
(2)添加配置
spring:
  cloud:
    sentinel:
      datasource:
        ds1:
          nacos:
            server-addr: 192.168.137.110:3333,192.168.137.110:4444,192.168.137.110:5555
            dataid: ${spring.application.name}
            groupid: DEFAULT_GROUP
            data-type: json
            rule-type: flow

(3)nacos控制台添加配置
[
    {
         "resource": "payment/get/{id}",
         "limitApp": "default",
         "grade":   1,
         "count":   1,
         "strategy": 0,
         "controlBehavior": 0,
         "clusterMode": false    
    }
]

image-20220717114503047

image-20220717114627256

(4)测试

启动对应的应用后,访问http://localhost:84/consumer/payment/get/555发现限流规则已生效。

Sentinel的dashboard也显示出了限流规则。重启后依然生效。(记着访问几次对应的请求)image-20220717115028033

三、Seata

一次业务操作需要跨多个数据源或需要跨多个系统进行远程调用,就会产生分布式事务问题。

Seata是一款开源的分布式事务解决方案,致力于在微服务架构下提供高性能和简单易用的分布式事务服务。

一个典型的分布式事务过程是由ID+三组件模型构成;

  • Transaction ID(全局唯一的事务ID)
  • Transaction Coordinator(TC):事务协调器,维护全局事务的运行状态,负责协调并驱动全局事务的提交或回滚;
  • Transaction Manager™ :控制全局事务的边界,负责开启一个全局事务,并最终发起全局提交或全局回滚的决议;
  • Resource Manager(RM) :控制分支事务,负责分支注册,状态汇报,并接收事务协调器的指令,驱动分支(本地)事务的提交和回滚;

处理过程:

image-20210303152643881

image-20210303152647818

1、Seata Server本地启动

  • 这里Seata Server版本是1.4.2
  • 持久化选择的工具是Mysql
    • 192.168.137.110:3306 root/root
  • 注册中心使用的是Nacos集群
    • 192.168.137.110:3333,192.168.137.110:4444,192.168.137.110:5555
(1)下载seata-1.4.2.zip
https://github.com/seata/seata/releases/tag/v1.4.2
(2)创建对应的数据表

在D:Javacloud-alibabaseataseata-server-1.4.2conf中有一个README-zh.md文件,在server模块超链接server,进入db目录,复制mysql.sql中的文件,创建这三张表。需要先创建一个database. 我这里的名字是db_seata

-- -------------------------------- The script used when storeMode is 'db' --------------------------------
-- the table to store GlobalSession data
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `global_table`
(
    `xid`                       VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
    `transaction_id`            BIGINT,
    `status`                    TINYINT      NOT NULL,
    `application_id`            VARCHAR(32),
    `transaction_service_group` VARCHAR(32),
    `transaction_name`          VARCHAR(128),
    `timeout`                   INT,
    `begin_time`                BIGINT,
    `application_data`          VARCHAR(2000),
    `gmt_create`                DATETIME,
    `gmt_modified`              DATETIME,
    PRIMARY KEY (`xid`),
    KEY `idx_status_gmt_modified` (`status` , `gmt_modified`),
    KEY `idx_transaction_id` (`transaction_id`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
  DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4;

-- the table to store BranchSession data
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `branch_table`
(
    `branch_id`         BIGINT       NOT NULL,
    `xid`               VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
    `transaction_id`    BIGINT,
    `resource_group_id` VARCHAR(32),
    `resource_id`       VARCHAR(256),
    `branch_type`       VARCHAR(8),
    `status`            TINYINT,
    `client_id`         VARCHAR(64),
    `application_data`  VARCHAR(2000),
    `gmt_create`        DATETIME(6),
    `gmt_modified`      DATETIME(6),
    PRIMARY KEY (`branch_id`),
    KEY `idx_xid` (`xid`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
  DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4;

-- the table to store lock data
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `lock_table`
(
    `row_key`        VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
    `xid`            VARCHAR(128),
    `transaction_id` BIGINT,
    `branch_id`      BIGINT       NOT NULL,
    `resource_id`    VARCHAR(256),
    `table_name`     VARCHAR(32),
    `pk`             VARCHAR(36),
    `status`         TINYINT      NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '0:locked ,1:rollbacking',
    `gmt_create`     DATETIME,
    `gmt_modified`   DATETIME,
    PRIMARY KEY (`row_key`),
    KEY `idx_status` (`status`),
    KEY `idx_branch_id` (`branch_id`),
    KEY `idx_xid` (`xid`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
  DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4;

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `distributed_lock`
(
    `lock_key`       CHAR(20) NOT NULL,
    `lock_value`     VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
    `expire`         BIGINT,
    primary key (`lock_key`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
  DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4;

INSERT INTO `distributed_lock` (lock_key, lock_value, expire) VALUES ('AsyncCommitting', ' ', 0);
INSERT INTO `distributed_lock` (lock_key, lock_value, expire) VALUES ('RetryCommitting', ' ', 0);
INSERT INTO `distributed_lock` (lock_key, lock_value, expire) VALUES ('RetryRollbacking', ' ', 0);
INSERT INTO `distributed_lock` (lock_key, lock_value, expire) VALUES ('TxTimeoutCheck', ' ', 0);

(3)修改conf/file.conf文件

文件路径为D:Javacloud-alibabaseataseata-server-1.4.2conffile.conf

将store.mode改为db以及修改对应的数据库连接信息

image-20220730113242165

## transaction log store, only used in seata-server
store {
  ## store mode: file、db、redis
  mode = "db"
  ## rsa decryption public key
  publicKey = ""
  ## file store property
  file {
    ## store location dir
    dir = "sessionStore"
    # branch session size , if exceeded first try compress lockkey, still exceeded throws exceptions
    maxBranchSessionSize = 16384
    # globe session size , if exceeded throws exceptions
    maxGlobalSessionSize = 512
    # file buffer size , if exceeded allocate new buffer
    fileWriteBufferCacheSize = 16384
    # when recover batch read size
    sessionReloadReadSize = 100
    # async, sync
    flushDiskMode = async
  }

  ## database store property
  db {
    ## the implement of javax.sql.DataSource, such as DruidDataSource(druid)/BasicDataSource(dbcp)/HikariDataSource(hikari) etc.
    datasource = "druid"
    ## mysql/oracle/postgresql/h2/oceanbase etc.
    dbType = "mysql"
    driverClassName = "com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"
    ## if using mysql to store the data, recommend add rewriteBatchedStatements=true in jdbc connection param
    url = "jdbc:mysql://192.168.137.110:3306/db_seata?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai"
    user = "root"
    password = "root"
    minConn = 5
    maxConn = 100
    globalTable = "global_table"
    branchTable = "branch_table"
    lockTable = "lock_table"
    queryLimit = 100
    maxWait = 5000
  }

  ## redis store property
  redis {
    ## redis mode: single、sentinel
    mode = "single"
    ## single mode property
    single {
      host = "127.0.0.1"
      port = "6379"
    }
    ## sentinel mode property
    sentinel {
      masterName = ""
      ## such as "10.28.235.65:26379,10.28.235.65:26380,10.28.235.65:26381"
      sentinelHosts = ""
    }
    password = ""
    database = "0"
    minConn = 1
    maxConn = 10
    maxTotal = 100
    queryLimit = 100
  }
}

nacos添加配置

Data ID: seataServer.properties
Group: SEATA_GROUP
内容:
transport.type=TCP
transport.server=NIO
transport.heartbeat=true
transport.enableClientBatchSendRequest=true
transport.threadFactory.bossThreadPrefix=NettyBoss
transport.threadFactory.workerThreadPrefix=NettyServerNIOWorker
transport.threadFactory.serverExecutorThreadPrefix=NettyServerBizHandler
transport.threadFactory.shareBossWorker=false
transport.threadFactory.clientSelectorThreadPrefix=NettyClientSelector
transport.threadFactory.clientSelectorThreadSize=1
transport.threadFactory.clientWorkerThreadPrefix=NettyClientWorkerThread
transport.threadFactory.bossThreadSize=1
transport.threadFactory.workerThreadSize=default
transport.shutdown.wait=3
transport.serialization=seata
transport.compressor=none
# server
server.recovery.committingRetryPeriod=1000
server.recovery.asynCommittingRetryPeriod=1000
server.recovery.rollbackingRetryPeriod=1000
server.recovery.timeoutRetryPeriod=1000
server.undo.logSaveDays=7
server.undo.logDeletePeriod=86400000
server.maxCommitRetryTimeout=-1
server.maxRollbackRetryTimeout=-1
server.rollbackRetryTimeoutUnlockEnable=false
server.distributedLockExpireTime=10000
# store
#model改为db
store.mode=db
store.lock.mode=file
store.session.mode=file
# store.publicKey=""
store.file.dir=file_store/data
store.file.maxBranchSessionSize=16384
store.file.maxGlobalSessionSize=512
store.file.fileWriteBufferCacheSize=16384
store.file.flushDiskMode=async
store.file.sessionReloadReadSize=100
store.db.datasource=druid
store.db.dbType=mysql
#修改数据驱动,这里是mysql8,使用mysql5的话请修改
store.db.driverClassName=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
# 改为上面创建的seata服务数据库
store.db.url=jdbc:mysql://192.168.137.110:3306/db_seata?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
# 改为自己的数据库用户名
store.db.user=root
# 改为自己的数据库密码
store.db.password=root
store.db.minConn=5
store.db.maxConn=30
store.db.globalTable=global_table
store.db.branchTable=branch_table
store.db.distributedLockTable=distributed_lock
store.db.queryLimit=100
store.db.lockTable=lock_table
store.db.maxWait=5000
store.redis.mode=single
store.redis.single.host=127.0.0.1
store.redis.single.port=6379
# store.redis.sentinel.masterName=""
# store.redis.sentinel.sentinelHosts=""
store.redis.maxConn=10
store.redis.minConn=1
store.redis.maxTotal=100
store.redis.database=0
# store.redis.password=""
store.redis.queryLimit=100
# log
log.exceptionRate=100
# metrics
metrics.enabled=false
metrics.registryType=compact
metrics.exporterList=prometheus
metrics.exporterPrometheusPort=9898
# service
# 自己命名一个vgroupMapping   my_test_tx_group等下要用到  重中之重
service.vgroupMapping.my_test_tx_group=default
service.default.grouplist=127.0.0.1:8091
service.enableDegrade=false
service.disableGlobalTransaction=false
# client
client.rm.asyncCommitBufferLimit=10000
client.rm.lock.retryInterval=10
client.rm.lock.retryTimes=30
client.rm.lock.retryPolicyBranchRollbackOnConflict=true
client.rm.reportRetryCount=5
client.rm.tableMetaCheckEnable=false
client.rm.tableMetaCheckerInterval=60000
client.rm.sqlParserType=druid
client.rm.reportSuccessEnable=false
client.rm.sagaBranchRegisterEnable=false
client.rm.tccActionInterceptorOrder=-2147482648
client.tm.commitRetryCount=5
client.tm.rollbackRetryCount=5
client.tm.defaultGlobalTransactionTimeout=60000
client.tm.degradeCheck=false
client.tm.degradeCheckAllowTimes=10
client.tm.degradeCheckPeriod=2000
client.tm.interceptorOrder=-2147482648
client.undo.dataValidation=true
client.undo.logSerialization=jackson
client.undo.onlyCareUpdateColumns=true
client.undo.logTable=undo_log
client.undo.compress.enable=true
client.undo.compress.type=zip
client.undo.compress.threshold=64k
(4)修改conf/registry.conf文件

文件路径为D:Javacloud-alibabaseataseata-server-1.4.2confregistry.conf

修改registry和config标签下的type=nacos以及具体nacos配置信息

image-20220730114300528

registry {
  # file 、nacos 、eureka、redis、zk、consul、etcd3、sofa
  type = "nacos"

  nacos {
    application = "seata-server"
    serverAddr = "192.168.137.110:3333,192.168.137.110:4444,192.168.137.110:5555"
    group = "SEATA_GROUP"
    namespace = "34ebbd28-87c2-4e08-8295-d5873d10f079"
    cluster = "default"
    username = "nacos"
    password = "nacos"
  }
  eureka {
    serviceUrl = "http://localhost:8761/eureka"
    application = "default"
    weight = "1"
  }
  redis {
    serverAddr = "localhost:6379"
    db = 0
    password = ""
    cluster = "default"
    timeout = 0
  }
  zk {
    cluster = "default"
    serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:2181"
    sessionTimeout = 6000
    connectTimeout = 2000
    username = ""
    password = ""
  }
  consul {
    cluster = "default"
    serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8500"
    aclToken = ""
  }
  etcd3 {
    cluster = "default"
    serverAddr = "http://localhost:2379"
  }
  sofa {
    serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:9603"
    application = "default"
    region = "DEFAULT_ZONE"
    datacenter = "DefaultDataCenter"
    cluster = "default"
    group = "SEATA_GROUP"
    addressWaitTime = "3000"
  }
  file {
    name = "file.conf"
  }
}

config {
  # file、nacos 、apollo、zk、consul、etcd3
  type = "nacos"

  nacos {
    serverAddr = "192.168.137.110:3333,192.168.137.110:4444,192.168.137.110:5555"
    namespace = "34ebbd28-87c2-4e08-8295-d5873d10f079"
    group = "SEATA_GROUP"
    username = "nacos"
    password = "nacos"
    dataId = "seataServer.properties"
  }
  consul {
    serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8500"
    aclToken = ""
  }
  apollo {
    appId = "seata-server"
    ## apolloConfigService will cover apolloMeta
    apolloMeta = "http://192.168.1.204:8801"
    apolloConfigService = "http://192.168.1.204:8080"
    namespace = "application"
    apolloAccesskeySecret = ""
    cluster = "seata"
  }
  zk {
    serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:2181"
    sessionTimeout = 6000
    connectTimeout = 2000
    username = ""
    password = ""
    nodePath = "/seata/seata.properties"
  }
  etcd3 {
    serverAddr = "http://localhost:2379"
  }
  file {
    name = "file.conf"
  }
}

(5)配置Nacos信息
1.1 创建一个namespace

image-20220730114427482

1.2 创建一个配置seataServer.properties
[config-center](https://github.com/seata/seata/tree/develop/script/config-center)
https://github.com/seata/seata/blob/develop/script/config-center/config.txt

image-20220730114515766

image-20220730114536888

1.3配置内容

修改vgroupMapping和数据库配置信息

seataServer.properties
SEATA_GROUP
transport.type=TCP
transport.server=NIO
transport.heartbeat=true
transport.enableClientBatchSendRequest=true
transport.threadFactory.bossThreadPrefix=NettyBoss
transport.threadFactory.workerThreadPrefix=NettyServerNIOWorker
transport.threadFactory.serverExecutorThreadPrefix=NettyServerBizHandler
transport.threadFactory.shareBossWorker=false
transport.threadFactory.clientSelectorThreadPrefix=NettyClientSelector
transport.threadFactory.clientSelectorThreadSize=1
transport.threadFactory.clientWorkerThreadPrefix=NettyClientWorkerThread
transport.threadFactory.bossThreadSize=1
transport.threadFactory.workerThreadSize=default
transport.shutdown.wait=3
transport.serialization=seata
transport.compressor=none
# server
server.recovery.committingRetryPeriod=1000
server.recovery.asynCommittingRetryPeriod=1000
server.recovery.rollbackingRetryPeriod=1000
server.recovery.timeoutRetryPeriod=1000
server.undo.logSaveDays=7
server.undo.logDeletePeriod=86400000
server.maxCommitRetryTimeout=-1
server.maxRollbackRetryTimeout=-1
server.rollbackRetryTimeoutUnlockEnable=false
server.distributedLockExpireTime=10000
# store
#model改为db
store.mode=db
store.lock.mode=file
store.session.mode=file
# store.publicKey=""
store.file.dir=file_store/data
store.file.maxBranchSessionSize=16384
store.file.maxGlobalSessionSize=512
store.file.fileWriteBufferCacheSize=16384
store.file.flushDiskMode=async
store.file.sessionReloadReadSize=100
store.db.datasource=druid
store.db.dbType=mysql
#修改数据驱动,这里是mysql8,使用mysql5的话请修改
store.db.driverClassName=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
# 改为上面创建的seata服务数据库
store.db.url=jdbc:mysql://192.168.137.110:3306/db_seata?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
# 改为自己的数据库用户名
store.db.user=root
# 改为自己的数据库密码
store.db.password=root
store.db.minConn=5
store.db.maxConn=30
store.db.globalTable=global_table
store.db.branchTable=branch_table
store.db.distributedLockTable=distributed_lock
store.db.queryLimit=100
store.db.lockTable=lock_table
store.db.maxWait=5000
store.redis.mode=single
store.redis.single.host=127.0.0.1
store.redis.single.port=6379
# store.redis.sentinel.masterName=""
# store.redis.sentinel.sentinelHosts=""
store.redis.maxConn=10
store.redis.minConn=1
store.redis.maxTotal=100
store.redis.database=0
# store.redis.password=""
store.redis.queryLimit=100
# log
log.exceptionRate=100
# metrics
metrics.enabled=false
metrics.registryType=compact
metrics.exporterList=prometheus
metrics.exporterPrometheusPort=9898
# service
# 自己命名一个vgroupMapping   my_test_tx_group等下要用到  重中之重
service.vgroupMapping.my_test_tx_group=default
service.default.grouplist=127.0.0.1:8091
service.enableDegrade=false
service.disableGlobalTransaction=false
# client
client.rm.asyncCommitBufferLimit=10000
client.rm.lock.retryInterval=10
client.rm.lock.retryTimes=30
client.rm.lock.retryPolicyBranchRollbackOnConflict=true
client.rm.reportRetryCount=5
client.rm.tableMetaCheckEnable=false
client.rm.tableMetaCheckerInterval=60000
client.rm.sqlParserType=druid
client.rm.reportSuccessEnable=false
client.rm.sagaBranchRegisterEnable=false
client.rm.tccActionInterceptorOrder=-2147482648
client.tm.commitRetryCount=5
client.tm.rollbackRetryCount=5
client.tm.defaultGlobalTransactionTimeout=60000
client.tm.degradeCheck=false
client.tm.degradeCheckAllowTimes=10
client.tm.degradeCheckPeriod=2000
client.tm.interceptorOrder=-2147482648
client.undo.dataValidation=true
client.undo.logSerialization=jackson
client.undo.onlyCareUpdateColumns=true
client.undo.logTable=undo_log
client.undo.compress.enable=true
client.undo.compress.type=zip
client.undo.compress.threshold=64k
(6)启动Seata server

需要保证配置的Mysql和nacos能正常连接

D:Javacloud-alibabaseataseata-server-1.4.2binseata-server.bat

(7)开启一个项目,并成功注册Seata

1.1 pom
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-2022</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.ityj.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>seata-order-service2001</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.ityj.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-seata</artifactId>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>io.seata</groupId>
                    <artifactId>seata-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.seata</groupId>
            <artifactId>seata-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>1.4.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>
</project>
1.2 yml
server:
  port: 2001

spring:
  application:
    name: seata-order-service
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: 192.168.137.110:3333,192.168.137.110:4444,192.168.137.110:5555
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.137.110:3306/seata_account?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
    username: root
    password: root

seata:
  enabled: true
  enable-auto-data-source-proxy: true #是否开启数据源自动代理,默认为true
  tx-service-group: my_test_tx_group  #要与配置文件中的vgroupMapping一致
  registry:  #registry根据seata服务端的registry配置
    type: Nacos #默认为file
    nacos:
      application: seata-server #配置自己的seata服务
      server-addr: 192.168.137.110:3333,192.168.137.110:4444,192.168.137.110:5555
      username: nacos
      password: nacos
      namespace: "34ebbd28-87c2-4e08-8295-d5873d10f079"
      cluster: default # 配置自己的seata服务cluster, 默认为 default
      group: SEATA_GROUP
  config:
    type: Nacos #默认file,如果使用file不配置下面的nacos,直接配置seata.service
    nacos:
      server-addr: 192.168.137.110:3333,192.168.137.110:4444,192.168.137.110:5555
      group: SEATA_GROUP
      username: nacos
      password: nacos
      namespace: "34ebbd28-87c2-4e08-8295-d5873d10f079"
      dataId: seataServer.properties #配置自己的dataId,由于搭建服务端时把客户端的配置也写在了seataServer.properties,所以这里用了和服务端一样的配置文件,实际客户端和服务端的配置文件分离出来更好

feign:
  hystrix:
    enabled: false

logging:
  level:
    io:
      seata: info

management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: '*'

1.3 启动类
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
@EnableAutoDataSourceProxy
public class SeataOrder2001Starter {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SeataOrder2001Starter.class, args);
    }
}

1.4 启动测试

image-20220730115324158

image-20220730115339002

image-20220730120206681

2、订单/库存/账户业务数据库准备

有一个业务需要三个模块:下订单–>扣库存–>减账户(余额)

首先创建好三个数据库

CREATE DATABASE seata_order;
 
CREATE DATABASE seata_storage;
 
CREATE DATABASE seata_account;
(1)seata_order:存储订单的table
drop table t_order;
CREATE TABLE t_order(
    `id` BIGINT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
    `user_id` BIGINT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户id',
    `product_id` BIGINT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '产品id',
    `count` INT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '数量',
    `money` DECIMAL(11,0) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '金额',
    `status` INT(1) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '订单状态:0:创建中; 1:已完结'
) ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=7 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
 
SELECT * FROM t_order;
(2)seata_storage:存储库存的table
drop table t_storage;
CREATE TABLE t_storage(
    `id` BIGINT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
    `product_id` BIGINT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '产品id',
    `total` INT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '总库存',
    `used` INT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '已用库存',
    `residue` INT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '剩余库存'
) ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
 
INSERT INTO seata_storage.t_storage(`id`,`product_id`,`total`,`used`,`residue`) VALUES(1, 1, 100, 0, 100);

SELECT * FROM t_storage;
(3)seata_account: 存储账户信息的table
drop table t_account;
CREATE TABLE t_account(
    `id` BIGINT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY COMMENT 'id',
    `user_id` BIGINT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户id',
    `total` DECIMAL(10,0) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '总额度',
    `used` DECIMAL(10,0) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '已用余额',
    `residue` DECIMAL(10,0) DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '剩余可用额度'
) ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
 
INSERT INTO seata_account.t_account(`id`,`user_id`,`total`,`used`,`residue`) VALUES(1, 17241, 1000, 0, 1000); 
SELECT * FROM t_account;
(4)按照上述3库分别建对应的回滚日志表

对应的undo_log脚本位置

https://github.com/seata/seata/blob/develop/script/client/at/db/mysql.sql
-- for AT mode you must to init this sql for you business database. the seata server not need it.
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `undo_log`
(
    `branch_id`     BIGINT       NOT NULL COMMENT 'branch transaction id',
    `xid`           VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL COMMENT 'global transaction id',
    `context`       VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL COMMENT 'undo_log context,such as serialization',
    `rollback_info` LONGBLOB     NOT NULL COMMENT 'rollback info',
    `log_status`    INT(11)      NOT NULL COMMENT '0:normal status,1:defense status',
    `log_created`   DATETIME(6)  NOT NULL COMMENT 'create datetime',
    `log_modified`  DATETIME(6)  NOT NULL COMMENT 'modify datetime',
    UNIQUE KEY `ux_undo_log` (`xid`, `branch_id`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
  AUTO_INCREMENT = 1
  DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4 COMMENT ='AT transaction mode undo table';

image-20220730123031193

3、订单/库存/账户业务微服务准备

业务需求:

下订单->减库存->扣余额->改(订单)状态

1、新建三个模块

seata-order-service2001、seata-storage-service2002和seata-account-service2003

order模块作为消费者入口,通过openfeign对库存storage和账户account模块进行调用。

具体的代码为:https://github.ccom/12722097458/spring-cloud-2022/commit/93e94081160a25ad9a675ae4c91d42b3344d449f

image-20220731113940848

2、分布式事务测试

在库存和账户模块都有一个对当前输入的信息校验功能,如果对应的产品或账户不存在。也就不能够进行update操作。

这里直接抛出RuntimeException

image-20220731114220724

1.1 正常流程测试

初始化表数据为:

(1)t_order没有数据

image-20220731114441319

(2)t_storage的库存为100,这里的productId为1

image-20220731114535931

(3)t_account的账户余额为1000. userId为17241

image-20220731114632525

调用下订单接口:

用户17241买了productId为1的产品1个,花了200。最后执行成功

image-20220731115123052

对应的表数据成功更新:

image-20220731115321640

image-20220731114928599

image-20220731114948680

1.2 异常流程测试

假设输入的用户为1234,在数据库是不存在的。所以下订单->减库存->扣余额->改(订单)状态这个流程中扣余额会抛出异常。

测试看订单t_order和库存t_storage表数据能否回滚。

在下订单的入口已经配置了全局事务的注解,并指定了回滚的异常类型

@GlobalTransactional(name = "fsp-create-order", rollbackFor = Exception.class)

调用下订单接口,userId不存在,抛出异常。调用失败。

最终发现数据成功回滚

image-20220731115753620

image-20220731120624888

image-20220731120636642

image-20220731120703846

C、开发中遇到的BUG

1、application.yml的样式未改变。

(1) 父项目是一个简单的maven项目,不需要引入springboot-parent. 之前直接引入了parent,导致子模块的jar包不能正常引入。子模块pom文件没有正常引入

(2) 配置文件名字错误:写成了appliaction.yml

2、jar包冲突

根目录下莫名多了一个lib包,里面有一些jar,导致和maven仓库里的jar包冲突掉,项目启动失败。删除Lib文件夹。重启解决。

3、无空参构造导致报错

com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.exc.InvalidDefinitionException: Cannot construct instance of com.ityj.springcloud.entity.model.CommonResult (no Creators, like default constructor, exist): cannot deserialize from Object value (no delegate- or property-based Creator)

4、微服务Devtool热部署无法生效

原因是把spring-boot-devtools依赖放到commons模块。但是加了一个 true去掉就可以了。

true表示两个项目之间依赖不传递;不设置optional或者optional是false,表示传递依赖。

5、在zookeeper作为服务注册中心时,servicename大小写必须和配置文件中保持一致

{"code":-1,"msg":"java.lang.IllegalStateException: No instances available for CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE","data":null}

org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.DiscoveryClient#getInstances

对于zookeeper,大小写敏感

public ZookeeperDependency getDependencyForAlias(final String alias) {
    for (Map.Entry<String, ZookeeperDependency> zookeeperDependencyEntry : this.dependencies
         .entrySet()) {
        if (zookeeperDependencyEntry.getKey().equals(alias)) {
            return zookeeperDependencyEntry.getValue();
        }
    }
    return null;
}

对于eureka,大小写不敏感

public List<InstanceInfo> getInstancesByVirtualHostName(String virtualHostName) {
    return Optional.ofNullable(this.virtualHostNameAppMap.get(virtualHostName.toUpperCase(Locale.ROOT)))
        .map(VipIndexSupport::getVipList)
        .map(AtomicReference::get)
        .orElseGet(Collections::emptyList); 
}

6、commons模块里引入了actuator的依赖,但是子项目无法访问/actuator/health。 一直404

原因是父项目的依赖添加错误。没有添加成starter…

原来:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>

正确的是:

 <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>

7、hystrixDashboard无法正常监控其他应用

image-20220622222254036

接口是正常的

image-20220622222323755

解决方法:

在90001dashboard中添加配置:

hystrix:
  dashboard:
    proxy-stream-allow-list: "*"

重启即可。

8、java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Source must not be null

原来的代码是:

@Override
public PaymentDTO getPaymentById(Long id) {
    PaymentPO paymentPO = baseMapper.selectById(id);
    Assert.notNull(paymentPO, "Could not find related info.");
    BeanUtils.copyProperties(paymentPO, paymentDTO);
    return paymentDTO;
}

报错原因是paymentPO为null。导致BeanUtils.copyProperties出错。添加判断即可

Assert.notNull(paymentPO, "Could not find related info.");

9、Nacos集群启动三个节点,过一会发现只剩两个了。

ps -ef|grep nacos|grep -v grep|wc -l

因为nacos比较占用内存,我启动一个差不多1.5G占用,我的CentOS给了2G内存,所以不够用。

解决:

(1)分配大内存

image-20220707221630564

(2) 调小nacos启动内存参数

image-20220708093528433

(3)还不行就复制三份,修改application.properties的server.port, 分别设置为3333,4444和5555

10、nacos集群结合nginx启动后无法成功代理

报错信息:

image-20220707222104505

原因:nginx配置错误: 名字加了下划线: nacos_cluster

处理:

image-20220708093812831

修改后重启即可。

11、Cloud项目中Nacos2.0.3的nacosClient通过nginx暴露的端口注册nacos集群启动报错。

 .   ____          _            __ _ _
 / / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _    
( ( )___ | '_ | '_| | '_ / _` |    
 /  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
  '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |___, | / / / /
 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
 :: Spring Boot ::       (v2.3.12.RELEASE)

2022-07-08 09:31:18.555  INFO 2880 --- [  restartedMain] c.i.s.NacosProvider9002Starter           : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default
2022-07-08 09:31:19.223  WARN 2880 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.boot.actuate.endpoint.EndpointId     : Endpoint ID 'service-registry' contains invalid characters, please migrate to a valid format.
2022-07-08 09:31:19.293  INFO 2880 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.cloud.context.scope.GenericScope     : BeanFactory id=d9a0d0be-2f15-378c-a47d-5762f76622d9
2022-07-08 09:31:19.612  INFO 2880 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 9002 (http)
2022-07-08 09:31:19.619  INFO 2880 --- [  restartedMain] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Starting service [Tomcat]
2022-07-08 09:31:19.619  INFO 2880 --- [  restartedMain] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine  : Starting Servlet engine: [Apache Tomcat/9.0.46]
2022-07-08 09:31:19.698  INFO 2880 --- [  restartedMain] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
2022-07-08 09:31:19.698  INFO 2880 --- [  restartedMain] w.s.c.ServletWebServerApplicationContext : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 1129 ms
2022-07-08 09:31:20.509  INFO 2880 --- [  restartedMain] c.a.n.p.a.s.c.ClientAuthPluginManager    : [ClientAuthPluginManager] Load ClientAuthService com.alibaba.nacos.client.auth.impl.NacosClientAuthServiceImpl success.
2022-07-08 09:31:20.510  INFO 2880 --- [  restartedMain] c.a.n.p.a.s.c.ClientAuthPluginManager    : [ClientAuthPluginManager] Load ClientAuthService com.alibaba.nacos.client.auth.ram.RamClientAuthServiceImpl success.
2022-07-08 09:31:28.185  INFO 2880 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.b.a.e.web.EndpointLinksResolver      : Exposing 18 endpoint(s) beneath base path '/actuator'
2022-07-08 09:31:28.222  INFO 2880 --- [  restartedMain] pertySourcedRequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped URL path [/v2/api-docs] onto method [springfox.documentation.swagger2.web.Swagger2ControllerWebMvc#getDocumentation(String, HttpServletRequest)]
2022-07-08 09:31:28.232  WARN 2880 --- [  restartedMain] c.n.c.sources.URLConfigurationSource     : No URLs will be polled as dynamic configuration sources.
2022-07-08 09:31:28.232  INFO 2880 --- [  restartedMain] c.n.c.sources.URLConfigurationSource     : To enable URLs as dynamic configuration sources, define System property archaius.configurationSource.additionalUrls or make config.properties available on classpath.
2022-07-08 09:31:28.234  WARN 2880 --- [  restartedMain] c.n.c.sources.URLConfigurationSource     : No URLs will be polled as dynamic configuration sources.
2022-07-08 09:31:28.234  INFO 2880 --- [  restartedMain] c.n.c.sources.URLConfigurationSource     : To enable URLs as dynamic configuration sources, define System property archaius.configurationSource.additionalUrls or make config.properties available on classpath.
2022-07-08 09:31:28.285  INFO 2880 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.s.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor  : Initializing ExecutorService 'applicationTaskExecutor'
2022-07-08 09:31:28.305  INFO 2880 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.b.d.a.OptionalLiveReloadServer       : LiveReload server is running on port 35729
2022-07-08 09:31:28.347  INFO 2880 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.s.c.ThreadPoolTaskScheduler          : Initializing ExecutorService 'Nacos-Watch-Task-Scheduler'
2022-07-08 09:31:29.265 ERROR 2880 --- [  restartedMain] c.a.cloud.nacos.discovery.NacosWatch     : namingService subscribe failed, properties:NacosDiscoveryProperties{serverAddr='192.168.137.110:1111', endpoint='', namespace='', watchDelay=30000, logName='', service='nacos-payment-provider', weight=1.0, clusterName='DEFAULT', group='DEFAULT_GROUP', namingLoadCacheAtStart='false', metadata={preserved.register.source=SPRING_CLOUD}, registerEnabled=true, ip='192.168.1.3', networkInterface='', port=-1, secure=false, accessKey='', secretKey='', heartBeatInterval=null, heartBeatTimeout=null, ipDeleteTimeout=null, failFast=true}

com.alibaba.nacos.api.exception.NacosException: Request nacos server failed: 
	at com.alibaba.nacos.client.naming.remote.gprc.NamingGrpcClientProxy.requestToServer(NamingGrpcClientProxy.java:288) ~[nacos-client-2.1.0.jar:na]
	at com.alibaba.nacos.client.naming.remote.gprc.NamingGrpcClientProxy.doSubscribe(NamingGrpcClientProxy.java:229) ~[nacos-client-2.1.0.jar:na]
	at com.alibaba.nacos.client.naming.remote.gprc.NamingGrpcClientProxy.subscribe(NamingGrpcClientProxy.java:214) ~[nacos-client-2.1.0.jar:na]
	at com.alibaba.nacos.client.naming.remote.NamingClientProxyDelegate.subscribe(NamingClientProxyDelegate.java:147) ~[nacos-client-2.1.0.jar:na]
	at com.alibaba.nacos.client.naming.NacosNamingService.subscribe(NacosNamingService.java:393) ~[nacos-client-2.1.0.jar:na]
	at com.alibaba.cloud.nacos.discovery.NacosWatch.start(NacosWatch.java:134) ~[spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery-2.2.7.RELEASE.jar:2.2.7.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.context.support.DefaultLifecycleProcessor.doStart(DefaultLifecycleProcessor.java:182) ~[spring-context-5.2.15.RELEASE.jar:5.2.15.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.context.support.DefaultLifecycleProcessor.access$200(DefaultLifecycleProcessor.java:53) ~[spring-context-5.2.15.RELEASE.jar:5.2.15.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.context.support.DefaultLifecycleProcessor$LifecycleGroup.start(DefaultLifecycleProcessor.java:360) ~[spring-context-5.2.15.RELEASE.jar:5.2.15.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.context.support.DefaultLifecycleProcessor.startBeans(DefaultLifecycleProcessor.java:158) ~[spring-context-5.2.15.RELEASE.jar:5.2.15.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.context.support.DefaultLifecycleProcessor.onRefresh(DefaultLifecycleProcessor.java:122) ~[spring-context-5.2.15.RELEASE.jar:5.2.15.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishRefresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:895) ~[spring-context-5.2.15.RELEASE.jar:5.2.15.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:554) ~[spring-context-5.2.15.RELEASE.jar:5.2.15.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.refresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:143) ~[spring-boot-2.3.12.RELEASE.jar:2.3.12.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:755) ~[spring-boot-2.3.12.RELEASE.jar:2.3.12.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:747) ~[spring-boot-2.3.12.RELEASE.jar:2.3.12.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:402) ~[spring-boot-2.3.12.RELEASE.jar:2.3.12.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:312) ~[spring-boot-2.3.12.RELEASE.jar:2.3.12.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1247) ~[spring-boot-2.3.12.RELEASE.jar:2.3.12.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1236) ~[spring-boot-2.3.12.RELEASE.jar:2.3.12.RELEASE]
	at com.ityj.springcloud.NacosProvider9002Starter.main(NacosProvider9002Starter.java:11) ~[classes/:na]
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:na]
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[na:na]
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:na]
	at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566) ~[na:na]
	at org.springframework.boot.devtools.restart.RestartLauncher.run(RestartLauncher.java:49) ~[spring-boot-devtools-2.3.12.RELEASE.jar:2.3.12.RELEASE]
Caused by: com.alibaba.nacos.api.exception.NacosException: Client not connected, current status:STARTING
	at com.alibaba.nacos.common.remote.client.RpcClient.request(RpcClient.java:651) ~[nacos-client-2.1.0.jar:na]
	at com.alibaba.nacos.common.remote.client.RpcClient.request(RpcClient.java:631) ~[nacos-client-2.1.0.jar:na]
	at com.alibaba.nacos.client.naming.remote.gprc.NamingGrpcClientProxy.requestToServer(NamingGrpcClientProxy.java:278) ~[nacos-client-2.1.0.jar:na]
	... 25 common frames omitted

2022-07-08 09:31:29.282  INFO 2880 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat started on port(s): 9002 (http) with context path ''
2022-07-08 09:31:29.589 ERROR 2880 --- [  restartedMain] c.a.c.n.registry.NacosServiceRegistry    : nacos registry, nacos-payment-provider register failed...NacosRegistration{nacosDiscoveryProperties=NacosDiscoveryProperties{serverAddr='192.168.137.110:1111', endpoint='', namespace='', watchDelay=30000, logName='', service='nacos-payment-provider', weight=1.0, clusterName='DEFAULT', group='DEFAULT_GROUP', namingLoadCacheAtStart='false', metadata={preserved.register.source=SPRING_CLOUD}, registerEnabled=true, ip='192.168.1.3', networkInterface='', port=9002, secure=false, accessKey='', secretKey='', heartBeatInterval=null, heartBeatTimeout=null, ipDeleteTimeout=null, failFast=true}},

com.alibaba.nacos.api.exception.NacosException: Request nacos server failed: 
	at com.alibaba.nacos.client.naming.remote.gprc.NamingGrpcClientProxy.requestToServer(NamingGrpcClientProxy.java:288) ~[nacos-client-2.1.0.jar:na]
	at com.alibaba.nacos.client.naming.remote.gprc.NamingGrpcClientProxy.doRegisterService(NamingGrpcClientProxy.java:128) ~[nacos-client-2.1.0.jar:na]
	at com.alibaba.nacos.client.naming.remote.gprc.NamingGrpcClientProxy.registerService(NamingGrpcClientProxy.java:114) ~[nacos-client-2.1.0.jar:na]
	at com.alibaba.nacos.client.naming.remote.NamingClientProxyDelegate.registerService(NamingClientProxyDelegate.java:94) ~[nacos-client-2.1.0.jar:na]
	at com.alibaba.nacos.client.naming.NacosNamingService.registerInstance(NacosNamingService.java:145) ~[nacos-client-2.1.0.jar:na]
	at com.alibaba.cloud.nacos.registry.NacosServiceRegistry.register(NacosServiceRegistry.java:74) ~[spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery-2.2.7.RELEASE.jar:2.2.7.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.cloud.client.serviceregistry.AbstractAutoServiceRegistration.register(AbstractAutoServiceRegistration.java:239) ~[spring-cloud-commons-2.2.9.RELEASE.jar:2.2.9.RELEASE]
	at com.alibaba.cloud.nacos.registry.NacosAutoServiceRegistration.register(NacosAutoServiceRegistration.java:78) ~[spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery-2.2.7.RELEASE.jar:2.2.7.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.cloud.client.serviceregistry.AbstractAutoServiceRegistration.start(AbstractAutoServiceRegistration.java:138) ~[spring-cloud-commons-2.2.9.RELEASE.jar:2.2.9.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.cloud.client.serviceregistry.AbstractAutoServiceRegistration.bind(AbstractAutoServiceRegistration.java:101) ~[spring-cloud-commons-2.2.9.RELEASE.jar:2.2.9.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.cloud.client.serviceregistry.AbstractAutoServiceRegistration.onApplicationEvent(AbstractAutoServiceRegistration.java:88) ~[spring-cloud-commons-2.2.9.RELEASE.jar:2.2.9.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.cloud.client.serviceregistry.AbstractAutoServiceRegistration.onApplicationEvent(AbstractAutoServiceRegistration.java:47) ~[spring-cloud-commons-2.2.9.RELEASE.jar:2.2.9.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.doInvokeListener(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:172) ~[spring-context-5.2.15.RELEASE.jar:5.2.15.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.invokeListener(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:165) ~[spring-context-5.2.15.RELEASE.jar:5.2.15.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.multicastEvent(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:139) ~[spring-context-5.2.15.RELEASE.jar:5.2.15.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.publishEvent(AbstractApplicationContext.java:404) ~[spring-context-5.2.15.RELEASE.jar:5.2.15.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.publishEvent(AbstractApplicationContext.java:361) ~[spring-context-5.2.15.RELEASE.jar:5.2.15.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.WebServerStartStopLifecycle.start(WebServerStartStopLifecycle.java:46) ~[spring-boot-2.3.12.RELEASE.jar:2.3.12.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.context.support.DefaultLifecycleProcessor.doStart(DefaultLifecycleProcessor.java:182) ~[spring-context-5.2.15.RELEASE.jar:5.2.15.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.context.support.DefaultLifecycleProcessor.access$200(DefaultLifecycleProcessor.java:53) ~[spring-context-5.2.15.RELEASE.jar:5.2.15.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.context.support.DefaultLifecycleProcessor$LifecycleGroup.start(DefaultLifecycleProcessor.java:360) ~[spring-context-5.2.15.RELEASE.jar:5.2.15.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.context.support.DefaultLifecycleProcessor.startBeans(DefaultLifecycleProcessor.java:158) ~[spring-context-5.2.15.RELEASE.jar:5.2.15.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.context.support.DefaultLifecycleProcessor.onRefresh(DefaultLifecycleProcessor.java:122) ~[spring-context-5.2.15.RELEASE.jar:5.2.15.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishRefresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:895) ~[spring-context-5.2.15.RELEASE.jar:5.2.15.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:554) ~[spring-context-5.2.15.RELEASE.jar:5.2.15.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.refresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:143) ~[spring-boot-2.3.12.RELEASE.jar:2.3.12.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:755) ~[spring-boot-2.3.12.RELEASE.jar:2.3.12.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:747) ~[spring-boot-2.3.12.RELEASE.jar:2.3.12.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:402) ~[spring-boot-2.3.12.RELEASE.jar:2.3.12.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:312) ~[spring-boot-2.3.12.RELEASE.jar:2.3.12.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1247) ~[spring-boot-2.3.12.RELEASE.jar:2.3.12.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1236) ~[spring-boot-2.3.12.RELEASE.jar:2.3.12.RELEASE]
	at com.ityj.springcloud.NacosProvider9002Starter.main(NacosProvider9002Starter.java:11) ~[classes/:na]
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:na]
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[na:na]
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:na]
	at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566) ~[na:na]
	at org.springframework.boot.devtools.restart.RestartLauncher.run(RestartLauncher.java:49) ~[spring-boot-devtools-2.3.12.RELEASE.jar:2.3.12.RELEASE]
Caused by: com.alibaba.nacos.api.exception.NacosException: Client not connected, current status:STARTING
	at com.alibaba.nacos.common.remote.client.RpcClient.request(RpcClient.java:651) ~[nacos-client-2.1.0.jar:na]
	at com.alibaba.nacos.common.remote.client.RpcClient.request(RpcClient.java:631) ~[nacos-client-2.1.0.jar:na]
	at com.alibaba.nacos.client.naming.remote.gprc.NamingGrpcClientProxy.requestToServer(NamingGrpcClientProxy.java:278) ~[nacos-client-2.1.0.jar:na]
	... 37 common frames omitted

2022-07-08 09:31:29.589  WARN 2880 --- [  restartedMain] ConfigServletWebServerApplicationContext : Exception encountered during context initialization - cancelling refresh attempt: org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextException: Failed to start bean 'webServerStartStop'; nested exception is java.lang.reflect.UndeclaredThrowableException
2022-07-08 09:31:29.590  INFO 2880 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.s.c.ThreadPoolTaskScheduler          : Shutting down ExecutorService 'Nacos-Watch-Task-Scheduler'
2022-07-08 09:31:29.893 ERROR 2880 --- [  restartedMain] c.a.cloud.nacos.discovery.NacosWatch     : namingService unsubscribe failed, properties:NacosDiscoveryProperties{serverAddr='192.168.137.110:1111', endpoint='', namespace='', watchDelay=30000, logName='', service='nacos-payment-provider', weight=1.0, clusterName='DEFAULT', group='DEFAULT_GROUP', namingLoadCacheAtStart='false', metadata={preserved.register.source=SPRING_CLOUD}, registerEnabled=true, ip='192.168.1.3', networkInterface='', port=9002, secure=false, accessKey='', secretKey='', heartBeatInterval=null, heartBeatTimeout=null, ipDeleteTimeout=null, failFast=true}

com.alibaba.nacos.api.exception.NacosException: Request nacos server failed: 
	at com.alibaba.nacos.client.naming.remote.gprc.NamingGrpcClientProxy.requestToServer(NamingGrpcClientProxy.java:288) ~[nacos-client-2.1.0.jar:na]
	at com.alibaba.nacos.client.naming.remote.gprc.NamingGrpcClientProxy.doUnsubscribe(NamingGrpcClientProxy.java:259) ~[nacos-client-2.1.0.jar:na]
	at com.alibaba.nacos.client.naming.remote.gprc.NamingGrpcClientProxy.unsubscribe(NamingGrpcClientProxy.java:240) ~[nacos-client-2.1.0.jar:na]
	at com.alibaba.nacos.client.naming.remote.NamingClientProxyDelegate.unsubscribe(NamingClientProxyDelegate.java:157) ~[nacos-client-2.1.0.jar:na]
	at com.alibaba.nacos.client.naming.NacosNamingService.unsubscribe(NacosNamingService.java:417) ~[nacos-client-2.1.0.jar:na]
	at com.alibaba.cloud.nacos.discovery.NacosWatch.stop(NacosWatch.java:177) ~[spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery-2.2.7.RELEASE.jar:2.2.7.RELEASE]
	at com.alibaba.cloud.nacos.discovery.NacosWatch.destroy(NacosWatch.java:207) ~[spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery-2.2.7.RELEASE.jar:2.2.7.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DisposableBeanAdapter.destroy(DisposableBeanAdapter.java:199) ~[spring-beans-5.2.15.RELEASE.jar:5.2.15.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.destroyBean(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:587) ~[spring-beans-5.2.15.RELEASE.jar:5.2.15.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.destroySingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:559) ~[spring-beans-5.2.15.RELEASE.jar:5.2.15.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.destroySingleton(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1092) ~[spring-beans-5.2.15.RELEASE.jar:5.2.15.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.destroySingletons(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:520) ~[spring-beans-5.2.15.RELEASE.jar:5.2.15.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.destroySingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1085) ~[spring-beans-5.2.15.RELEASE.jar:5.2.15.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.destroyBeans(AbstractApplicationContext.java:1061) ~[spring-context-5.2.15.RELEASE.jar:5.2.15.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:564) ~[spring-context-5.2.15.RELEASE.jar:5.2.15.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.refresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:143) ~[spring-boot-2.3.12.RELEASE.jar:2.3.12.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:755) ~[spring-boot-2.3.12.RELEASE.jar:2.3.12.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:747) ~[spring-boot-2.3.12.RELEASE.jar:2.3.12.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:402) ~[spring-boot-2.3.12.RELEASE.jar:2.3.12.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:312) ~[spring-boot-2.3.12.RELEASE.jar:2.3.12.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1247) ~[spring-boot-2.3.12.RELEASE.jar:2.3.12.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1236) ~[spring-boot-2.3.12.RELEASE.jar:2.3.12.RELEASE]
	at com.ityj.springcloud.NacosProvider9002Starter.main(NacosProvider9002Starter.java:11) ~[classes/:na]
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:na]
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[na:na]
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:na]
	at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566) ~[na:na]
	at org.springframework.boot.devtools.restart.RestartLauncher.run(RestartLauncher.java:49) ~[spring-boot-devtools-2.3.12.RELEASE.jar:2.3.12.RELEASE]
Caused by: com.alibaba.nacos.api.exception.NacosException: Client not connected, current status:STARTING
	at com.alibaba.nacos.common.remote.client.RpcClient.request(RpcClient.java:651) ~[nacos-client-2.1.0.jar:na]
	at com.alibaba.nacos.common.remote.client.RpcClient.request(RpcClient.java:631) ~[nacos-client-2.1.0.jar:na]
	at com.alibaba.nacos.client.naming.remote.gprc.NamingGrpcClientProxy.requestToServer(NamingGrpcClientProxy.java:278) ~[nacos-client-2.1.0.jar:na]
	... 27 common frames omitted

2022-07-08 09:31:29.894  INFO 2880 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.s.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor  : Shutting down ExecutorService 'applicationTaskExecutor'
2022-07-08 09:31:30.639  INFO 2880 --- [  restartedMain] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Stopping service [Tomcat]
2022-07-08 09:31:30.655  INFO 2880 --- [  restartedMain] ConditionEvaluationReportLoggingListener : 

Error starting ApplicationContext. To display the conditions report re-run your application with 'debug' enabled.
2022-07-08 09:31:30.668 ERROR 2880 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.boot.SpringApplication               : Application run failed

org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextException: Failed to start bean 'webServerStartStop'; nested exception is java.lang.reflect.UndeclaredThrowableException
	at org.springframework.context.support.DefaultLifecycleProcessor.doStart(DefaultLifecycleProcessor.java:185) ~[spring-context-5.2.15.RELEASE.jar:5.2.15.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.context.support.DefaultLifecycleProcessor.access$200(DefaultLifecycleProcessor.java:53) ~[spring-context-5.2.15.RELEASE.jar:5.2.15.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.context.support.DefaultLifecycleProcessor$LifecycleGroup.start(DefaultLifecycleProcessor.java:360) ~[spring-context-5.2.15.RELEASE.jar:5.2.15.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.context.support.DefaultLifecycleProcessor.startBeans(DefaultLifecycleProcessor.java:158) ~[spring-context-5.2.15.RELEASE.jar:5.2.15.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.context.support.DefaultLifecycleProcessor.onRefresh(DefaultLifecycleProcessor.java:122) ~[spring-context-5.2.15.RELEASE.jar:5.2.15.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishRefresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:895) ~[spring-context-5.2.15.RELEASE.jar:5.2.15.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:554) ~[spring-context-5.2.15.RELEASE.jar:5.2.15.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.refresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:143) ~[spring-boot-2.3.12.RELEASE.jar:2.3.12.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:755) ~[spring-boot-2.3.12.RELEASE.jar:2.3.12.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:747) ~[spring-boot-2.3.12.RELEASE.jar:2.3.12.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:402) ~[spring-boot-2.3.12.RELEASE.jar:2.3.12.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:312) ~[spring-boot-2.3.12.RELEASE.jar:2.3.12.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1247) ~[spring-boot-2.3.12.RELEASE.jar:2.3.12.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1236) ~[spring-boot-2.3.12.RELEASE.jar:2.3.12.RELEASE]
	at com.ityj.springcloud.NacosProvider9002Starter.main(NacosProvider9002Starter.java:11) ~[classes/:na]
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:na]
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[na:na]
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:na]
	at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566) ~[na:na]
	at org.springframework.boot.devtools.restart.RestartLauncher.run(RestartLauncher.java:49) ~[spring-boot-devtools-2.3.12.RELEASE.jar:2.3.12.RELEASE]
Caused by: java.lang.reflect.UndeclaredThrowableException: null
	at org.springframework.util.ReflectionUtils.rethrowRuntimeException(ReflectionUtils.java:147) ~[spring-core-5.2.15.RELEASE.jar:5.2.15.RELEASE]
	at com.alibaba.cloud.nacos.registry.NacosServiceRegistry.register(NacosServiceRegistry.java:82) ~[spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery-2.2.7.RELEASE.jar:2.2.7.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.cloud.client.serviceregistry.AbstractAutoServiceRegistration.register(AbstractAutoServiceRegistration.java:239) ~[spring-cloud-commons-2.2.9.RELEASE.jar:2.2.9.RELEASE]
	at com.alibaba.cloud.nacos.registry.NacosAutoServiceRegistration.register(NacosAutoServiceRegistration.java:78) ~[spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery-2.2.7.RELEASE.jar:2.2.7.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.cloud.client.serviceregistry.AbstractAutoServiceRegistration.start(AbstractAutoServiceRegistration.java:138) ~[spring-cloud-commons-2.2.9.RELEASE.jar:2.2.9.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.cloud.client.serviceregistry.AbstractAutoServiceRegistration.bind(AbstractAutoServiceRegistration.java:101) ~[spring-cloud-commons-2.2.9.RELEASE.jar:2.2.9.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.cloud.client.serviceregistry.AbstractAutoServiceRegistration.onApplicationEvent(AbstractAutoServiceRegistration.java:88) ~[spring-cloud-commons-2.2.9.RELEASE.jar:2.2.9.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.cloud.client.serviceregistry.AbstractAutoServiceRegistration.onApplicationEvent(AbstractAutoServiceRegistration.java:47) ~[spring-cloud-commons-2.2.9.RELEASE.jar:2.2.9.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.doInvokeListener(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:172) ~[spring-context-5.2.15.RELEASE.jar:5.2.15.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.invokeListener(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:165) ~[spring-context-5.2.15.RELEASE.jar:5.2.15.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.multicastEvent(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:139) ~[spring-context-5.2.15.RELEASE.jar:5.2.15.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.publishEvent(AbstractApplicationContext.java:404) ~[spring-context-5.2.15.RELEASE.jar:5.2.15.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.publishEvent(AbstractApplicationContext.java:361) ~[spring-context-5.2.15.RELEASE.jar:5.2.15.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.WebServerStartStopLifecycle.start(WebServerStartStopLifecycle.java:46) ~[spring-boot-2.3.12.RELEASE.jar:2.3.12.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.context.support.DefaultLifecycleProcessor.doStart(DefaultLifecycleProcessor.java:182) ~[spring-context-5.2.15.RELEASE.jar:5.2.15.RELEASE]
	... 19 common frames omitted
Caused by: com.alibaba.nacos.api.exception.NacosException: Request nacos server failed: 
	at com.alibaba.nacos.client.naming.remote.gprc.NamingGrpcClientProxy.requestToServer(NamingGrpcClientProxy.java:288) ~[nacos-client-2.1.0.jar:na]
	at com.alibaba.nacos.client.naming.remote.gprc.NamingGrpcClientProxy.doRegisterService(NamingGrpcClientProxy.java:128) ~[nacos-client-2.1.0.jar:na]
	at com.alibaba.nacos.client.naming.remote.gprc.NamingGrpcClientProxy.registerService(NamingGrpcClientProxy.java:114) ~[nacos-client-2.1.0.jar:na]
	at com.alibaba.nacos.client.naming.remote.NamingClientProxyDelegate.registerService(NamingClientProxyDelegate.java:94) ~[nacos-client-2.1.0.jar:na]
	at com.alibaba.nacos.client.naming.NacosNamingService.registerInstance(NacosNamingService.java:145) ~[nacos-client-2.1.0.jar:na]
	at com.alibaba.cloud.nacos.registry.NacosServiceRegistry.register(NacosServiceRegistry.java:74) ~[spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery-2.2.7.RELEASE.jar:2.2.7.RELEASE]
	... 32 common frames omitted
Caused by: com.alibaba.nacos.api.exception.NacosException: Client not connected, current status:STARTING
	at com.alibaba.nacos.common.remote.client.RpcClient.request(RpcClient.java:651) ~[nacos-client-2.1.0.jar:na]
	at com.alibaba.nacos.common.remote.client.RpcClient.request(RpcClient.java:631) ~[nacos-client-2.1.0.jar:na]
	at com.alibaba.nacos.client.naming.remote.gprc.NamingGrpcClientProxy.requestToServer(NamingGrpcClientProxy.java:278) ~[nacos-client-2.1.0.jar:na]
	... 37 common frames omitted

2022-07-08 09:31:30.671  WARN 2880 --- [      Thread-11] c.a.n.common.http.HttpClientBeanHolder   : [HttpClientBeanHolder] Start destroying common HttpClient
2022-07-08 09:31:30.671  WARN 2880 --- [       Thread-8] c.a.nacos.common.notify.NotifyCenter     : [NotifyCenter] Start destroying Publisher
2022-07-08 09:31:30.671  WARN 2880 --- [       Thread-8] c.a.nacos.common.notify.NotifyCenter     : [NotifyCenter] Destruction of the end
2022-07-08 09:31:30.672  WARN 2880 --- [      Thread-11] c.a.n.common.http.HttpClientBeanHolder   : [HttpClientBeanHolder] Destruction of the end

image-20220708094225992

根据官网的意思2.x后需要暴露两个端口,但是我Linux防火墙已经关掉了,并且页面可以正常访问,很奇怪。还没有完美的解决方案。

https://nacos.io/zh-cn/docs/2.0.0-compatibility.html

处理方法:

1. 降低nacos.client版本

image-20220708094528862

2.client还是用2xx版本,不适用nginx代理,直接把nacos集群的IP用逗号隔开

暂时用这种吧

image-20220708094759415

12、Sentinel Dashboard 无法监控配置好的服务

最终发现是pom文件有问题,坐标写错了。IDEA也没有标红

错误:

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>sentinel-datasource-nacos</artifactId>
</dependency>

正确:

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId>
    <artifactId>sentinel-datasource-nacos</artifactId>
</dependency>

最后

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