跨平台C/C++数据类型定义

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我是靠谱客的博主坦率魔镜，最近开发中收集的这篇文章主要介绍跨平台C/C++数据类型定义，觉得挺不错的，现在分享给大家，希望可以做个参考。

概述

1 需考虑问题
1.1 编译器运行操作系统

l WINDOWS : _WIN32、WIN32;

l UNIX/LINUX: unix、__unix、__unix__;

l SunOS/SOLARIS: __SVR4、__svr4__、sun、__sun、__sun__、sparc、__sparc、__sparc__;

l HPUX: __hppa、__hppa__、__hpux、__hpux__、_HPUX_SOURCE;

l AIX: _AIX、_AIX32、_AIX41、_AIX43、_AIX51、_AIX52;

l LINUX: linux、__linux、__linux__、__gnu_linux__;

l CPU: __x86_64、__x86_64__(Intel); __amd64、__amd64__(AMD); sparc、 __sparc、__sparc__;

1.2 编译器信息

l __STDC__: ANSI C标志,值为1,说明兼容ANSI C标准；

l __GNUC__: GCC编译器编预定义宏；__GNUC__的值表示GCC版本号；

l __GNUC_MINOR__: GCC次版本号；

l __GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__: GCC编译器修订版本号，l

l __GLIBC_MINOR__: glib的次版本号；

l VC++的版本宏：

l Visual Studio 5.0 --> VC++5.0 _MSC_VER = 1100

l Visual Studio 6.0 --> VC++6.0 _MSC_VER = 1200

l Visual Studio 2002 --> VC++7.0 _MSC_VER = 1300

l Visual Studio 2003 --> VC++7.1 _MSC_VER = 1310

l Visual Studio 2005 --> VC++8.0 _MSC_VER = 1400

l Visual Studio 2008 --> VC++9.0 _MSC_VER = 1500

1.3 ISO C 标准
1.3.1 <limits.h>

char，int，short int，long，long long 限制性说明头文件。<limits.h>定义了char，int，short，long，long long 最大值最小值等。如表一所示。

表一 <limits.h>定义

Name	Description	Typical value
CHAR_BIT	Number of bits in a char	8		≥+8
SCHAR_MIN	Minimum value for a signed char	–128		≤–127
SCHAR_MAX	Maximum value for a signed char	+127		≥+127
UCHAR_MAX	Maximum value for an unsigned char			≥+255
CHAR_MIN	Minimum value for a char	–128		≤–127 (if char is represented as a signed char; otherwise ≤0)
CHAR_MAX	Maximum value for a char	+127		≥+127 (if char is represented as a signed char; otherwise ≥+255)
MB_LEN_MAX	Maximum multi byte length of a character across all locales	varies, usually at least 4		≥+1
SHRT_MIN	Minimum value for a short int	–32,768		≤–32,767
SHRT_MAX	Maximum value for a short int	+32,767		≥+32,767
USHRT_MAX	Maximum value for an unsigned short int	+65,535		≥+65,535
INT_MIN	Minimum value for an int	–2,147,483,648		≤–32,767
INT_MAX	Maximum value for an int	+2,147,483,647		≥+32,767
UINT_MAX	Maximum value for anunsigned int	+4,294,967,295		≥+65,535
LONG_MIN	Minimum value for a long int	32 bit compiler	–2,147,483,648	≤–2,147,483,647
LONG_MIN	Minimum value for a long int	64 bit compiler	–9,223,372,036,854,775,808	≤–2,147,483,647
LONG_MAX	Maximum value for a long int	32 bit compiler	+2,147,483,647	≥+2,147,483,647
LONG_MAX	Maximum value for a long int	64 bit compiler	+9,223,372,036,854,775,807	≥+2,147,483,647
ULONG_MAX	Maximum value for an unsigned long int	32 bit compiler	+4,294,967,295	≥+4,294,967,295
ULONG_MAX	Maximum value for an unsigned long int	64 bit compiler	+18,446,744,073,709,551,615	≥+4,294,967,295
LLONG_MIN	Minimum value for a long long int	–9,223,372,036,854,775,808		≤-9,223,372,036,854,775,807
LLONG_MAX	Maximum value for a long long int	+9,223,372,036,854,775,807		≥+9,223,372,036,854,775,807
ULLONG_MAX	Maximum value for an unsigned long long int	+18,446,744,073,709,551,615		≥+18,446,744,073,709,551,615

1.3.2 常用类型说明

l char：typical 8-bits，Many DSP may define a char-bits equal to 16 bits or more.

l short：typical 16-bits

l int：typical 16-bits or 32-bits， bits-number of int must be more than short.

l long：typical 32-bits，also larger than int

l long long：typical 64-bits

2 数据类型定义

//
       // TOD: filename:   types.h
// 1.Using this head file for data-type defining,
//   Firstly make sure the type is defined
// 2.Example
//   1.Define a 8-bits variable : INT8 chVariable;
//   2.Define a 16-bits variable: INT16 snVariable;
//   3.Define a 32-bits variable: INT32 nVariable;
//   4.Define a 64-bits variable: INT64 llVariable;
//

//
//C Standards
//
#if defined(__STDC__)
# define PREDEF_STANDARD_C_1989
# if defined(__STDC_VERSION__)
# define PREDEF_STANDARD_C_1990
# if (__STDC_VERSION__ >= 199409L)
# define PREDEF_STANDARD_C_1994
# endif
# if (__STDC_VERSION__ >= 199901L)
# define PREDEF_STANDARD_C_1999
# endif
# endif
#endif

//
// Pre-C89 compilers do not recognize certain keywords.
// Let the preprocessor remove those keywords for those compilers.
//
#if !defined(PREDEF_STANDARD_C_1989) && !defined(__cplusplus)
# define const
# define volatile
#endif

//
// Define 8-bits Integer, 16-bits Integer,32-bits Integer
// All compliant compilers that support Standard C/C++
// VC++， Borland C++, Turb C++ those who support C89,but undefined __STDC__)
//
#if defined(__STDC__) || defined(__cplusplus) || defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__BORLANDC__) || defined(__TURBOC__）
#include <limits.h>
// Defined 8 - bit Integer
#if defined(UCHAR_MAX) && (UCHAR_MAX == 0xFF)
  typedef char INT8, *INT8_PTR;
  typedef unsigned char UINT8, *INT8_PTR;
        #ifndef DEFINED_INT8
   #define DEFINED_INT8
  #endif
#endif
// Defined 16-bits Integer
#if defined(USHRT_MAX) && (USHRT_MAX == 0xFFFF)
  typedef short int INT16, *INT16_PTR;
  typedef unsigned short int UINT16, *UINT16_PTR;
  #ifndef DEFINED_INT16
  #define DEFINED_INT16
  #endif
#elif defined(UINT_MAX) && (UINT_MAX == 0xFFFF)
  typedef int INT16, *INT16_PTR;
  typedef unsigned int UINT16, *UINT16_PTR;
  #ifndef DEFINED_INT16
  #define DEFINED_INT16
  #endif
#endif
// Defined 32-bits Integer
#if defined(UINT_MAX) && (UINT_MAX == 0xFFFFFFFFUL)
  typedef int INT32, *INT32_PTR;
  typedef unsigned int UINT32, *UINT32_PTR;
  #ifndef DEFINED_INT32
  #define DEFINED_INT32
  #endif
#elif defined(ULONG_MAX) && (ULONG_MAX == 0xFFFFFFFFUL)
  typedef long int INT32, *INT32_PTR;
  typedef unsigned long int UINT32, *UINT32_PTR;
  #ifndef DEFINED_INT32
  #define DEFINED_INT32
  #endif
#endif
#endif

//
// Define 64-bits Integer
// Here Only support typical systems
// such as GNU/Linux Windows UNIX Vxworks BSD Solaris
//

// GNU/Linux System 64-bits Integer
#if defined(__GNUC__) || defined(linux) ||defined(__linux)
#if defined (__GLIBC_HAVE_LONG_LONG) || (defined(ULLONG_MAX) && (ULLONG_MAX == 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFUL))
  typedef long long INT64, *INT64_PTR;
  typedef unsigned long long UINT64, *INT64_PTR;
  #ifndef DEFINE_INT64
  #define DEFINE_INT64
  #endif
#endif
#endif

// Windows System 64-bits Integer
#if defined (WIN32) || defined (_WIN32)
#if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__BORLANDC__)
  typedef __int64 INT64, *INT64_PTR;
  typedef unsigned __int64 UINT64, *INT64_PTR;
  #ifndef DEFINE_INT64
  #define DEFINE_INT64
  #endif
#else
  typedef unsigned long long INT64, *INT64_PTR;
  typedef signed long long UINT64, *INT64_PTR;
  #ifndef DEFINE_INT64
  #define DEFINE_INT64
  #endif
#endif
#endif

// UNIX
#if defined(unix) || defined(__unix__) || defined(__unix)
# define PREDEF_PLATFORM_UNIX
#endif
#if defined(PREDEF_PLATFORM_UNIX)
#include <unistd.h>
#if defined(_XOPEN_VERSION)
  #if (_XOPEN_VERSION >= 3)
   #define PREDEF_STANDARD_XOPEN_1989
  #endif
        #if (_XOPEN_VERSION >= 4)
   #define PREDEF_STANDARD_XOPEN_1992
  #endif
  #if (_XOPEN_VERSION >= 4) && defined(_XOPEN_UNIX)
   #define PREDEF_STANDARD_XOPEN_1995
  #endif
  #if (_XOPEN_VERSION >= 500)
   #define PREDEF_STANDARD_XOPEN_1998
  #endif
  #if (_XOPEN_VERSION >= 600)
  #define PREDEF_STANDARD_XOPEN_2003
   typedef unsigned long long INT64, *INT64_PTR;
   typedef signed long long UINT64, *INT64_PTR;
   #ifndef DEFINE_INT64
   #define DEFINE_INT64
   #endif
  #endif
# endif
#endif