HTTP 的简单应答方式

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我是靠谱客的博主缥缈西装，最近开发中收集的这篇文章主要介绍HTTP 的简单应答方式，觉得挺不错的，现在分享给大家，希望可以做个参考。

概述

请求方式：

【数据来自127.0.0.1:38470】
GET / HTTP/1.1
Host: 127.0.0.1:8089
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:58.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/58.0
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Connection: keep-alive
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1

应答方式：

Request URL: https://www.baidu.com/
Request Method: GET
Status Code: 200 OK
Remote Address: 182.61.200.7:443
Referrer Policy: unsafe-url
Bdpagetype: 2
Bdqid: 0xb90bd61c00028789
Cache-Control: private
Connection: Keep-Alive
Content-Encoding: gzip
Content-Type: text/html;charset=utf-8
Date: Fri, 02 Aug 2019 02:29:55 GMT
Expires: Fri, 02 Aug 2019 02:29:54 GMT
Server: BWS/1.1
Set-Cookie: BDSVRTM=113; path=/
Set-Cookie: BD_HOME=1; path=/
Set-Cookie: H_PS_PSSID=26523_1455_21085_29522_29519_29099_29567_28837_29221_29072; path=/; domain=.baidu.com
Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=172800
Transfer-Encoding: chunked
X-Ua-Compatible: IE=Edge,chrome=1

使用空格区分header和body

1、简单的http实现应答

import socket


def service(new_socket):
    """为客户端返回数据"""

    # 1接受浏览器发送过来的请求，即http请求
    # GET /HTTP/1.1
    request = new_socket.recv(1024)
    # 2返回http格式的数据，给浏览器
    # 2.1 准备发送给浏览器的数据--header
    response = "HTTP/1.1 200 OKrn"
    response += "rn"
    # 2.2 准备发送给浏览器的数据--body
    response += "该网页被举报，无法打开！"
    new_socket.send(response.encode(("utf-8")))# send发送的需要是字节类型的数据
    # 关闭套接字
    new_socket.close()
    print("OK")



def main():
    """用来完成整体控制"""
    # 1创建套接字
    tcp_server = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM)
    # 2帮顶
    tcp_server.bind(("",7890))
    # 3监听套接字
    tcp_server.listen(128)
    while True:
        # 4等待新客户的链接
        new_socket,client_addr = tcp_server.accept()
        # 5为这个客户端服务
        service(new_socket)

    # 关闭监听套接字
    tcp_server.close()
if __name__=="__main__":
    main()

2、应答html固定页面

import socket


def service(new_socket):
    """为客户端返回数据"""

    # 1接受浏览器发送过来的请求，即http请求
    # GET /HTTP/1.1
    request = new_socket.recv(1024)
    print(request)
    # 2返回http格式的数据，给浏览器
    # 2.1 准备发送给浏览器的数据--header
    response = "HTTP/1.1 200 OKrn"
    response += "rn"
    # 2.2 准备发送给浏览器的数据--body
    # response += "aaaaaa"

    f = open("./html/index.html","rb")
    html_content = f.read()

    new_socket.send(response.encode(("utf-8")))  # header
    new_socket.send(html_content) # body
    # 关闭套接字
    new_socket.close()
    print("OK")


def main():
    """用来完成整体控制"""
    # 1创建套接字
    tcp_server = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
    tcp_server.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET,socket.SO_REUSEADDR,1)
    # 2帮顶
    tcp_server.bind(("", 7099))
    # 3监听套接字
    tcp_server.listen(128)
    while True:
        # 4等待新客户的链接
        new_socket, client_addr = tcp_server.accept()
        # 5为这个客户端服务
        service(new_socket)

    # 关闭监听套接字
    tcp_server.close()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

3、返回需求页面，默认主页面index

import socket
import re

def service(new_socket):
    """为客户端返回数据"""

    # 1接受浏览器发送过来的请求，即http请求
    # GET /HTTP/1.1
    request = new_socket.recv(1024).decode("utf-8")

    request_lines = request.splitlines()
    print("")
    print(">"*30)
    print(request_lines)

    # GET /006.html HTTP/1.1
    ret = re.match(r"[^/]+(/[^ ]*)",request_lines[0]) # /只要不是“/”都要，然后/后面遇到空格停止

    file_name = ""
    if ret:
        file_name = ret.group(1)
        # 默认访问主页
        if file_name == '/':
            file_name = "/index.html"

    try:
        f = open("./html"+file_name,"rb")
    except:
        response = "HTTP/1.1 404 NO FOUNDrn"
        response += "rn"
        response += "file not found"
        new_socket.send(response.encode(("utf-8")))
    else:
        html_content = f.read()
        f.close()

        response = "HTTP/1.1 200 OKrn"
        response += "rn"

        new_socket.send(response.encode(("utf-8")))  # header
        new_socket.send(html_content) # body

    # 关闭套接字
    new_socket.close()
    print("OK")


def main():
    """用来完成整体控制"""
    # 1创建套接字
    tcp_server = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
    tcp_server.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET,socket.SO_REUSEADDR,1)
    # 2帮顶
    tcp_server.bind(("", 7099))
    # 3监听套接字
    tcp_server.listen(128)
    while True:
        # 4等待新客户的链接
        new_socket, client_addr = tcp_server.accept()
        # 5为这个客户端服务
        service(new_socket)

    # 关闭监听套接字
    tcp_server.close()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()