概述
第一讲 商务英语写作的过程及基本要求
1.写作的过程
准备阶段
1. 作者和读者的角色
交际双方的等级关系和亲疏关系
身份(决定语气) 专业水平(决定用词) 人数(交流还是修辞) 主次
2. 预期的目的
效率是第一位,因此开门见山,层次分明
2. 基本要求
1. 准确 correctness
恰当的语言风格: 在正式的(商务报告、研究文件、长篇讲稿)使用正规的,非正式的(商务便条、信函)较通俗的口语
formal (informal): approximately(about) inquire(ask) ascertain(find out) obtain(receive) assist(help) participate(share) construct(build) purchase(buy) contribute(give) sufficient(enough) difficult(hard) utilize(use)
正确的标点符号: 逗号、冒号
正确的语法:
主谓不一致(隔开或倒装)
staff are expected to attend all social functions(staff常与复数动词连用)
结构不统一(统一的被动和主动)
完整的句子
with reference to your letter of 23 august. I should mention that ... (参考23号的来信,我应该说)
I refer to your order no 3923 (对您的3923号订单进行回复)
I appreciate your cooperation in this matter. (多谢合作)
I look forward to receiving your reply. (盼望您的来信)
正确的拼写(随时查字典)
2. 清楚 clarity
found(建立) founder(垮掉)
关系紧密的词尽量靠近
they bought a bicycle in Beijing in a small shop witch costs $250 (poor)
they bought a bicycle for $250 in a small shop in Beijing.
3. 简洁 conciseness
尽量使用(避免) please (we would like to) ask(request) buy(purchase) need(request) letter(communication) a long time(a long period of time) expected(I expected it to be) during 1995 for developing(for the development of) square(square in shape) while(during the time that)
删除无关紧要的成分
多使用主动语态
尽量不用定语从句
4. 具体 concretencess
具体的时间,数字,信息
5. 完整 completeness: who what where why when
6. 礼貌 courtesy
贯彻于全文的尊重、理解和体谅对方的态度
you won't get your order because you didn't give us the information 多用肯定句: you will get your order as soon as you give us the information
we must tell you that we cannot accept your proposal must很强硬: unfortunately, we can not accept your proposal
you claim that there were 3 witness to the accident. We need their names and addresses. claim表权利,过强: youmetioned ... ,May we have their ...
Thank you in advance for all the help you will give me. 不要用advance: thank you for all the help you give me
Your letter is not clear at all. I cannot understand it. 有点指责: If I understand your letter correctly ..
we need the statement by the end of next week. need过于强硬,改为请求: could you send us the statement by the next week?
you are requested to send payment by 8 june. you are requested 过于强烈,改成: please send payment by 8 june
this is to inform you that the goods will not be ready by june 4. we will not be able to deliver them until June 8. 改成: we are sorry , but , it will be at least June 8 before we can deliver the goods to you
第二讲 商务英语写作的文体风格
1. 文体风格:
写信的目的是传递信息
商业写信的语气
1) 客户——》恭敬和积极
坏的 | 好的 |
you order ... | Thank you for your recent order for ... |
you failed to send your order.. | unfortunately, we did not receive your order ... |
It is not my fault if you do not ... | I am afraid customers are expected to ... |
problems of this type are common with the lower model. Next time you should buy the advanced model | problem of this type are far less common with our advanceed model |
以下要避免: 指责对方犯错; 推卸自己的责任; 漠视客户的问题; 拒绝帮助对方; 对对方的帮组毫不领情
以您为先的语气(表明有站在对方角度): 坏消息使用you会有种指责的语气,而一般的信或提到好消息,使用you就舒服多
以我为先 | 以您为先 |
we shall be able to install Cable TV shortly | you will be pleased to hear that you will soon receive ... |
I am afraid we cannot deliver at the weekend | you can have your goods delivered any weekday. |
2)上司——》恭敬有礼
3)下属——》有威严
4)同事——》友好
2. 标点符号
逗号: 主语和动词之间一般不用,但如果主语太长,说话需要停顿,也可插入
位置: 在子句(that ,witch)之前; 描述名词的形容词之后,句首的副词之后
It is a forwarding-looking , energetic, expanding company
句号: 缩写符号之后
括号、破折号: 标示句子增强非主要的信息
问号 商业书信中很少
感叹号:除了促销 基本不用
3. 缩写
在人名前后,标示身份、职位、学位等。如 Dr. Mr. Jr. Sr. M.D.(硕士) Ph.D.
表企业名称 Co.(公司) Ltd.(有限) Inc.(incorporation) Bro.(brodcast)
组织名称
4. 开头和结尾
开头:
1. 常常是介绍性,第一句说出自己的目的;最能引起兴趣; 首句提到来信并提及涉及的商务事项
2. 开头的内容
发信:
询问: we are wondering whether .. 请问.. 是否..
I would be grateful if you send me ... concerning... 如果您能寄给我关于...,当不胜感激
索价: I should be glad if you would submit a quotation for the supply of ...
求购: Last week I saw your ... ,and I think it would fil our needs very much. 上周我看到.. 我想这正是我需要的
投诉: I regret to report that this property into which I have recently moved is rat-infested. 非常遗憾地通知
讯息: Today , I am sending you...
报喜: we are pleased to annouse ...
报忧: It is with much regret that we have to tell you our decision to wipe up the company 关闭公司
道歉: I am writing to extend my humble and sincere apologies for ...
推荐: I am delighted to speak on behalf of ... for the position of ... in your company. 推荐某人在贵公司谋求一个职位
来信:
函悉: we were pleased to receive your letter concerning .. 收到关于..的来信
歉意: we are sorry to learn , from your letter of March 15th. that you have not yet received the books you ordered.
谢绝: I am deeply honored by ... , Regretfully, however , I must decline 拒绝
服务: we'll be happly to replace defective part。 调换部件
结尾:
具体的行动;简要的总结
发信:
督促: Having this input by JUNE 3 will enable us to maintain our schedule for ...
期待: your advice would be welcome
致谢: your prompt attention to this matter will be appreciated. 敬请即可关注此事,不胜感激
协助: shortly after I receive this information. I will be in touch with you. 一收到这个消息,我将立即与您联系
盼复: we look forward to hearing from you
联络: If you have any question , please call me at 有问题请打电话
复函:
请求: please indicate you acceptance of this employment by signing .. and returning a copy ... 如您接受聘用,请
承诺: we want to ensure that you enjoy the highest standards of service.
致歉: I apologize for the inconvenient.
答谢: Thanks again for your cooperation 再次感谢您的合作
祝愿: I wish you every succes in your important work
往来: We look forward to a very cordial relationship beween our two organizations. 保持诚挚的友好关系
5. 书信格式
日期格式: June 12, 1998
月份、序数词不能缩写, 如1st Jan等
礼貌的称呼:
Ms 不知道是否已婚; Dear Sir or Madam 不确定性别; Dr Peter Wong 职称要谨慎
常用开头: Dear Mr/Mrs/Miss/Ms Wang(姓名和性别) Dear Sir/Madam (知道性别) Dear Sirs(一家公司,没明确收件人)
称呼中第一个字母都大学
主题:
信末签名:
在亲笔签名的前一行写明公司名称,如:
Yours sincerely (yours的首个大写字母)
for precision XXX Ltd
Guo Guang Yan
实例:全部顶头左边写
第三讲 商务便函和电子邮件写作
1. 结构和措辞
信头:
to: 收件人的姓名或职位,也可两者都写上
from: 发件人的职位和收件人的关系
date: 月-日-年 June 12,1998
subject: 明白易懂
信尾:
无需公式化的结尾敬语
内容:
先介绍情况,再提出要求或建议 : 说服对方
先提出要求或建议,再介绍情况: 对方很忙,没有说服性内容
1. 询问或提供建议
列举条目,更容易理解
结尾为结束日期、原因和对读者的好处
2. 询问信息
3. 致谢
说明情况,并感谢,有其他可在接下来中提出
4. 通知
要求简单明确、一目了然。 在开头列出内容、日期和地点,接下来是日程安排,最后补充
2. 语气和措辞
语气:
1. 资历较浅雇员向老板汇报 用A
2. 要求严格经理向员工发通知 用B
3. 同事确定午餐会日期提出建议 用C
4. 经理对新同事欢迎 用D
措辞
正式程度( 正式F, 较正式N, 非正式I)
肯定程度( 肯定C,较肯定N,委婉T)
询问情况:
提供建议
3.2 3.3 笔记略
警告
承担责任
4. 写作方式和行为策略
首先考虑电话沟通
课后练习
上到下,语气要肯定正式
这是下到上,应该使用 委婉的语气 (what do you think of ... )
产品质量不得马虎,所以语气要肯定。
主语不清用被动, becuase of 不太经常用
语气不好的 :fed up 过于强硬,too late afraid 和punish不搭
第六讲 销售信
5-2 到 5-4
第七讲 催款信
6-1 到 6-2
第八讲 投诉信
6-3 到 7-1
第九讲 求职信
应聘求职信 说明信息来源
包括简历的求职信
自己的简历和应聘的职位
自我介绍(口语)
久仰贵公司高质量的产品
求职信的写法:
1. 应聘什么职位,职位是在什么地方刊登的
2. 自己的经历,和职位联系起来
3. 请示给于面试机会,语气充满自信
第十讲 业务报告
用于:对某个事情的结果或研究、某个事情的发生或叙述,如事故报告
7-4 到 8-2
第十一讲 订购信
8-3
第十二讲 付款信
8-4
第十三讲 复投诉信
9-1
第十四章 证明信
9-1
第十五章 社交信
多用于销售交流感情
9-2
最后
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