全网最细micropython使用ble教程

这个应该是全网最良心教程，至少我都是自己琢磨过来的，网上几乎没有ble现成教程，我提供了一个给广大网友能到手就用的详细教程。
非常简单，跟着我的步骤来：
1.自己建一个ble库，将常用的功能、参数我都设置好了，导入即可：
ble.py，将此py文件拷贝到开发板根目录

#vx jd3096 接各类micropython相关的毕业设计 商用单 价格便宜速度快
import bluetooth
import struct
import time
from micropython import const
#ble常量设置，不用动
_IRQ_CENTRAL_CONNECT = const(1)
_IRQ_CENTRAL_DISCONNECT = const(2)
_IRQ_GATTS_WRITE = const(3)

_FLAG_READ = const(0x0002)
_FLAG_WRITE_NO_RESPONSE = const(0x0004)
_FLAG_WRITE = const(0x0008)
_FLAG_NOTIFY = const(0x0010)

_ADV_TYPE_FLAGS = const(0x01)
_ADV_TYPE_NAME = const(0x09)
_ADV_TYPE_UUID16_COMPLETE = const(0x3)
_ADV_TYPE_UUID32_COMPLETE = const(0x5)
_ADV_TYPE_UUID128_COMPLETE = const(0x7)
_ADV_TYPE_UUID16_MORE = const(0x2)
_ADV_TYPE_UUID32_MORE = const(0x4)
_ADV_TYPE_UUID128_MORE = const(0x6)
_ADV_TYPE_APPEARANCE = const(0x19)
#服务注册部分
_UART_UUID = bluetooth.UUID("6E400001-B5A3-F393-E0A9-E50E24DCCA9E")
_UART_TX = (
    bluetooth.UUID("6E400003-B5A3-F393-E0A9-E50E24DCCA9E"),
    _FLAG_READ | _FLAG_NOTIFY,
)
_UART_RX = (
    bluetooth.UUID("6E400002-B5A3-F393-E0A9-E50E24DCCA9E"),
    _FLAG_WRITE | _FLAG_WRITE_NO_RESPONSE,
)
_UART_SERVICE = (
    _UART_UUID,
    (_UART_TX, _UART_RX),
)
#广播函数
def advertising_payload(limited_disc=False, br_edr=False, name=None, services=None, appearance=0):
    payload = bytearray()

    def _append(adv_type, value):
        nonlocal payload
        payload += struct.pack("BB", len(value) + 1, adv_type) + value

    _append(
        _ADV_TYPE_FLAGS,
        struct.pack("B", (0x01 if limited_disc else 0x02) + (0x18 if br_edr else 0x04)),
    )

    if name:
        _append(_ADV_TYPE_NAME, name)

    if services:
        for uuid in services:
            b = bytes(uuid)
            if len(b) == 2:
                _append(_ADV_TYPE_UUID16_COMPLETE, b)
            elif len(b) == 4:
                _append(_ADV_TYPE_UUID32_COMPLETE, b)
            elif len(b) == 16:
                _append(_ADV_TYPE_UUID128_COMPLETE, b)

    if appearance:
        _append(_ADV_TYPE_APPEARANCE, struct.pack("<h", appearance))

    return payload
#BLE类
class BLESimplePeripheral:
    def __init__(self, ble, name="mpyble"):    #ble名称
        self._ble = ble
        self._ble.active(True)
        self._ble.irq(self._irq)
        ((self._handle_tx, self._handle_rx),) = self._ble.gatts_register_services((_UART_SERVICE,))
        self._connections = set()
        self._write_callback = None
        self._payload = advertising_payload(name=name)
        self._advertise()

    def _irq(self, event, data):
        if event == _IRQ_CENTRAL_CONNECT:
            conn_handle, _, _ = data
            print("New connection", conn_handle)
            self._connections.add(conn_handle)
            self._advertise()
        elif event == _IRQ_CENTRAL_DISCONNECT:
            conn_handle, _, _ = data
            print("Disconnected", conn_handle)
            self._connections.remove(conn_handle)
            self._advertise()
        elif event == _IRQ_GATTS_WRITE:
            conn_handle, value_handle = data
            value = self._ble.gatts_read(value_handle)
            if value_handle == self._handle_rx and self._write_callback:
                self._write_callback(value)

    def send(self, data):
        for conn_handle in self._connections:
            self._ble.gatts_write(21, data)
    
    def notify(self, data):
        for conn_handle in self._connections:
            self._ble.gatts_notify(conn_handle,21,data)

    def is_connected(self):
        return len(self._connections) > 0

    def _advertise(self, interval_us=500000):
        print("Starting advertising")
        self._ble.gap_advertise(interval_us, adv_data=self._payload)

    def on_write(self, callback):
        self._write_callback = callback

2.设置主程序，演示具体功能，直接运行即可
blamain.py

#vx jd3096 接各类micropython相关的毕业设计 商用单 价格便宜速度快
import ble
import bluetooth
import utime
#新建ble对象
b = bluetooth.BLE()
#导入类
p = ble.BLESimplePeripheral(b)
#查看mac地址，能正常显示mac地址就是创建广播成功
aa=b.config('mac')
print('mac地址为')
print(aa)
#接受数据函数
def on_rx(v):
    print(v)
    print("Receive_data:", str(v))

p.on_write(on_rx)

while 1:
    if p.is_connected():
        p.notify('ble data form mpy')   #发送数据（以通知形式）
    utime.sleep_ms(300)
    
#运行之后打开手机ble助手，连接即可，默认id：mpyble，可在ble.py中更改

3.手机端去下一个ble助手，打开扫描，找到mpyble，链接，接下来就可以测试数据互通了



这下基本稳了，至于其他ble细节的功能，就请自己学习吧，师傅领进门，修行在个人，总体来说基本的功能都有，也可以跟微信小程序很好对接，我已经做过手机微信小程序ble遥控esp32主控的小车程序，效果不错，遗憾的地方就是mpy的ble细节的参数不能设置，比如对功耗有要求降低数据传输频率等，就只能通过改固件的高级方式进行了。

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