基类使用私有数据_C++作业之多继承与虚基类

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实验目的

1.掌握多重继承的使用。

2.理解虚基类的作用。

3.熟悉派生类对象与基类的转换。

1

实验要求

1.将代码和运行结果复制到word文档提交。

2.word文档命名格式：实验X-姓名-学号。

3.禁止抄袭。

4.按时提交。

2

实验内容

1.从Person类派生出学生类Student和教师类Teacher；从Student类中派生研究生类Graduate；从Graduate类和Teacher类派生出助教生类Assistant。根据类视图完成类的定义以及相应的构造函数，注意虚基类的使用。在main函数中创建类的对象测试这些类。(测试派生类对象与基类的转换，熟悉各对象的内存模型，可选做)

下面给出各个类的成员和继承关系。

1)Person类数据成员：

string name_;      //姓名

Gender gender_;   // 性别，枚举类型

Birthday birth_;     //出生日期，类对象

2)Student类添加int类型成绩(score)成员

3)Teacher类添加string类型职称(title)成员

4)Graduate类添加string类型导师(advisor)成员

5)Assistant类添加string类型专业(subject)成员。

(

类图显示

3

代码

```

#include

using namespace std;

enum Gender {

    Male, Female

};

class Birthday {

public:

    Birthday(int day, int month, int year) : day_(day), month_(month), year_(year) {}

    void Print() {

        cout << "生日:" << day_ << "日 " << month_ << "月 " << year_ <

    }

private:

    int day_;

    int month_;

    int year_;

};

class Person {

public:

    Person() :gender_(Male), name_("") {}

    Person(const Birthday& birth, Gender gender, const string& name) : birth_(birth), gender_(gender), name_(name) {}

    void Print() {

        cout << "name:" << name_ << " sex";

        if (gender_ == 0)

            cout << " male" << " ";

        else

            cout << " female" << " ";

        birth_.Print();

    }

private:

    Birthday birth_ = Birthday(0, 0, 0);

    Gender gender_;

    string name_;

};

class Student : virtual public Person {

public:

    Student() :Person(), score_(0) {}

    Student(const Birthday& birth, Gender gender, const string& name, int score) : Person(birth, gender, name),

                                                                                   score_(score) {}

    void Print() {

        Person::Print();

        cout << " ";

        PrintScore();

    }

    void PrintScore() {

        cout << "score:" << score_;

    }

private:

    int score_;

};

class Teacher : virtual public Person {

public:

    Teacher() :Person(), title_("") {}

    Teacher(const Birthday& birth, Gender gender, const string& name, const string& title) : Person(birth, gender,

                                                                                                    name),

                                                                                             title_(title) {}

    void Print() {

        Person::Print();

        cout << " ";

        PrintTitle();

    }

    void PrintTitle() {

        cout << "职称:" << title_;

    }

private:

    string title_;

};

class Graduate : public Student {

public:

    Graduate() :Student(), advisor_("") {}

    Graduate(const string& name, Gender gender, const Birthday& birthday, int score, const string& advisor) : Student(

            birthday, gender, name, score), advisor_(advisor), Person(birthday, gender, name) {}

    void Print() {

        Student::Print();

        cout << " ";

        PrintAdvisor();

    }

    void PrintAdvisor() {

        cout << "导师:" << advisor_;

    }

private:

    string advisor_;

};

class Assistant : public Graduate, public Teacher {

public:

    Assistant() :Graduate(), Teacher(), subject_("") {}

    Assistant(const string& name, Gender gender, const Birthday& birthday, int score, const string& advisor,

                const string& title, const string& subject)

            : Graduate(name, gender, birthday, score, advisor), Teacher(birthday, gender, name, title), Person(birthday, gender, name),

              subject_(subject) {}

    void Print() {

        Person::Print();

        cout << " ";

        Student::PrintScore();

        cout << " ";

        Graduate::PrintAdvisor();

        cout << " ";

        Teacher::PrintTitle();

        cout << " ";

        PrintSubject();

    }

    void PrintSubject() {

        cout << "专业:" << subject_;

    }

private:

    string subject_;

};

int main() {

    Person person(Birthday(3, 5, 3), Male, "Linux");

    person.Print();

    cout << endl;

    Student student(Birthday(6, 3, 7), Male, "丹尼斯里奇", 99);

    student.Print();

    cout << endl;

    Teacher teacher(Birthday(8, 2, 6), Male, "阿兰图灵", "码师");

    teacher.Print();

    cout << endl;

    Graduate graduate("reww", Male, Birthday(9, 9, 9), 0, "cwj");

    graduate.Print();

    cout << endl;

    Assistant assistant("ymj", Female, Birthday(10, 10, 10), 60, "马冬梅", "程序猿",

                        "计算机");

    assistant.Print();

    cout << endl;

}

```

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图文源自:一个神秘人