概述
目录(?)[+]
It’s right time to learn Android’s Framework !
- 前言
- 学习目标
- 写作方式
- 主要对象功能介绍
- 主要流程介绍
- zygote是什么有什么作用
- SystemServer是什么有什么作用它与zygote的关系是什么
- ActivityManagerService是什么什么时候初始化的有什么作用
- Launcher是什么什么时候启动的
- Instrumentation是什么和ActivityThread是什么关系
- 如何理解AMS和ActivityThread之间的Binder通信
- AMS接收到客户端的请求之后会如何开启一个Activity
- 送给你们的彩蛋
- 不要使用 startActivityForResultintentRESULT_OK
- 一个App的程序入口到底是什么
- 整个App的主线程的消息循环是在哪里创建的
- Application是在什么时候创建的onCreate什么时候调用的
- 参考文章
- Binder
- zygote
- ActivityThreadInstrumentationAMS
- Launcher
- 结语
前言
- 一个App是怎么启动起来的?
- App的程序入口到底是哪里?
- Launcher到底是什么神奇的东西?
- 听说还有个AMS的东西,它是做什么的?
- Binder是什么?他是如何进行IPC通信的?
- Activity生命周期到底是什么时候调用的?被谁调用的?
- 等等…
你是不是还有很多类似的疑问一直没有解决?没关系,这篇文章将结合源码以及大量的优秀文章,站在巨人的肩膀上,更加通俗的来试着解释一些问题。但是毕竟源码繁多、经验有限,文中不免会出现一些纰漏甚至是错误,还恳请大家指出,互相学习。
学习目标
- 了解从手机开机第一个zygote进程创建,到点击桌面上的图标,进入一个App的完整流程,并且从源码的角度了解到一个Activity的生命周期是怎么回事
- 了解到ActivityManagerServices(即AMS)、ActivityStack、ActivityThread、Instrumentation等Android framework中非常重要的基础类的作用,及相互间的关系
- 了解AMS与ActivityThread之间利用Binder进行IPC通信的过程,了解AMS和ActivityThread在控制Activity生命周期起到的作用和相互之间的配合
- 了解与Activity相关的framework层的其他琐碎问题
写作方式
这篇文章我决定采用一问一答的方式进行。
其实在这之前,我试过把每个流程的代码调用过程,用粘贴源代码的方式写在文章里,但是写完一部分之后,发现由于代码量太大,整篇文章和老太太的裹脚布一样——又臭又长,虽然每个重要的操作可以显示出详细调用过程,但是太关注于细节反而导致从整体上不能很好的把握。所以在原来的基础之上进行了修改,对关键的几个步骤进行重点介绍,力求语言简洁,重点突出,从而让大家在更高的层次上对framework层有个认识,然后结合后面我给出的参考资料,大家就可以更加快速,更加高效的了解这一块的整体架构。
主要对象功能介绍
我们下面的文章将围绕着这几个类进行介绍。可能你第一次看的时候,印象不深,不过没关系,当你跟随者我读完这篇文章的时候,我会在最后再次列出这些对象的功能,相信那时候你会对这些类更加的熟悉和深刻。
- ActivityManagerServices,简称AMS,服务端对象,负责系统中所有Activity的生命周期
- ActivityThread,App的真正入口。当开启App之后,会调用main()开始运行,开启消息循环队列,这就是传说中的UI线程或者叫主线程。与ActivityManagerServices配合,一起完成Activity的管理工作
- ApplicationThread,用来实现ActivityManagerService与ActivityThread之间的交互。在ActivityManagerService需要管理相关Application中的Activity的生命周期时,通过ApplicationThread的代理对象与ActivityThread通讯。
- ApplicationThreadProxy,是ApplicationThread在服务器端的代理,负责和客户端的ApplicationThread通讯。AMS就是通过该代理与ActivityThread进行通信的。
- Instrumentation,每一个应用程序只有一个Instrumentation对象,每个Activity内都有一个对该对象的引用。Instrumentation可以理解为应用进程的管家,ActivityThread要创建或暂停某个Activity时,都需要通过Instrumentation来进行具体的操作。
- ActivityStack,Activity在AMS的栈管理,用来记录已经启动的Activity的先后关系,状态信息等。通过ActivityStack决定是否需要启动新的进程。
- ActivityRecord,ActivityStack的管理对象,每个Activity在AMS对应一个ActivityRecord,来记录Activity的状态以及其他的管理信息。其实就是服务器端的Activity对象的映像。
- TaskRecord,AMS抽象出来的一个“任务”的概念,是记录ActivityRecord的栈,一个“Task”包含若干个ActivityRecord。AMS用TaskRecord确保Activity启动和退出的顺序。如果你清楚Activity的4种launchMode,那么对这个概念应该不陌生。
主要流程介绍
下面将按照App启动过程的先后顺序,一问一答,来解释一些事情。
让我们开始吧!
zygote是什么?有什么作用?
首先,你觉得这个单词眼熟不?当你的程序Crash的时候,打印的红色log下面通常带有这一个单词。
zygote意为“受精卵“。Android是基于Linux系统的,而在Linux中,所有的进程都是由init进程直接或者是间接fork出来的,zygote进程也不例外。
在Android系统里面,zygote是一个进程的名字。Android是基于Linux System的,当你的手机开机的时候,Linux的内核加载完成之后就会启动一个叫“init“的进程。在Linux System里面,所有的进程都是由init进程fork出来的,我们的zygote进程也不例外。
我们都知道,每一个App其实都是
- 一个单独的dalvik虚拟机
- 一个单独的进程
所以当系统里面的第一个zygote进程运行之后,在这之后再开启App,就相当于开启一个新的进程。而为了实现资源共用和更快的启动速度,Android系统开启新进程的方式,是通过fork第一个zygote进程实现的。所以说,除了第一个zygote进程,其他应用所在的进程都是zygote的子进程,这下你明白为什么这个进程叫“受精卵”了吧?因为就像是一个受精卵一样,它能快速的分裂,并且产生遗传物质一样的细胞!
SystemServer是什么?有什么作用?它与zygote的关系是什么?
首先我要告诉你的是,SystemServer也是一个进程,而且是由zygote进程fork出来的。
知道了SystemServer的本质,我们对它就不算太陌生了,这个进程是Android Framework里面两大非常重要的进程之一——另外一个进程就是上面的zygote进程。
为什么说SystemServer非常重要呢?因为系统里面重要的服务都是在这个进程里面开启的,比如
ActivityManagerService、PackageManagerService、WindowManagerService等等,看着是不是都挺眼熟的?
那么这些系统服务是怎么开启起来的呢?
在zygote开启的时候,会调用ZygoteInit.main()进行初始化
<code class="hljs java has-numbering"><span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">main</span>(String argv[]) { ...ignore some code... <span class="hljs-comment">//在加载首个zygote的时候,会传入初始化参数,使得startSystemServer = true</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">boolean</span> startSystemServer = <span class="hljs-keyword">false</span>; <span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> i = <span class="hljs-number">1</span>; i < argv.length; i++) { <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (<span class="hljs-string">"start-system-server"</span>.equals(argv[i])) { startSystemServer = <span class="hljs-keyword">true</span>; } <span class="hljs-keyword">else</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (argv[i].startsWith(ABI_LIST_ARG)) { abiList = argv[i].substring(ABI_LIST_ARG.length()); } <span class="hljs-keyword">else</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (argv[i].startsWith(SOCKET_NAME_ARG)) { socketName = argv[i].substring(SOCKET_NAME_ARG.length()); } <span class="hljs-keyword">else</span> { <span class="hljs-keyword">throw</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> RuntimeException(<span class="hljs-string">"Unknown command line argument: "</span> + argv[i]); } } ...ignore some code... <span class="hljs-comment">//开始fork我们的SystemServer进程</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (startSystemServer) { startSystemServer(abiList, socketName); } ...ignore some code... }</code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li><li>10</li><li>11</li><li>12</li><li>13</li><li>14</li><li>15</li><li>16</li><li>17</li><li>18</li><li>19</li><li>20</li><li>21</li><li>22</li><li>23</li><li>24</li><li>25</li><li>26</li><li>27</li><li>28</li></ul>
我们看下startSystemServer()做了些什么
<code class="hljs java has-numbering"> <span class="hljs-javadoc">/**留着这个注释,就是为了说明SystemServer确实是被fork出来的 * Prepare the arguments and fork for the system server process. */</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">boolean</span> <span class="hljs-title">startSystemServer</span>(String abiList, String socketName) <span class="hljs-keyword">throws</span> MethodAndArgsCaller, RuntimeException { ...ignore some code... <span class="hljs-comment">//留着这段注释,就是为了说明上面ZygoteInit.main(String argv[])里面的argv就是通过这种方式传递进来的</span> <span class="hljs-comment">/* Hardcoded command line to start the system server */</span> String args[] = { <span class="hljs-string">"--setuid=1000"</span>, <span class="hljs-string">"--setgid=1000"</span>, <span class="hljs-string">"--setgroups=1001,1002,1003,1004,1005,1006,1007,1008,1009,1010,1018,1032,3001,3002,3003,3006,3007"</span>, <span class="hljs-string">"--capabilities="</span> + capabilities + <span class="hljs-string">","</span> + capabilities, <span class="hljs-string">"--runtime-init"</span>, <span class="hljs-string">"--nice-name=system_server"</span>, <span class="hljs-string">"com.android.server.SystemServer"</span>, }; <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> pid; <span class="hljs-keyword">try</span> { parsedArgs = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> ZygoteConnection.Arguments(args); ZygoteConnection.applyDebuggerSystemProperty(parsedArgs); ZygoteConnection.applyInvokeWithSystemProperty(parsedArgs); <span class="hljs-comment">//确实是fuck出来的吧,我没骗你吧~不对,是fork出来的 -_-|||</span> <span class="hljs-comment">/* Request to fork the system server process */</span> pid = Zygote.forkSystemServer( parsedArgs.uid, parsedArgs.gid, parsedArgs.gids, parsedArgs.debugFlags, <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>, parsedArgs.permittedCapabilities, parsedArgs.effectiveCapabilities); } <span class="hljs-keyword">catch</span> (IllegalArgumentException ex) { <span class="hljs-keyword">throw</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> RuntimeException(ex); } <span class="hljs-comment">/* For child process */</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (pid == <span class="hljs-number">0</span>) { <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (hasSecondZygote(abiList)) { waitForSecondaryZygote(socketName); } handleSystemServerProcess(parsedArgs); } <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">true</span>; }</code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li><li>10</li><li>11</li><li>12</li><li>13</li><li>14</li><li>15</li><li>16</li><li>17</li><li>18</li><li>19</li><li>20</li><li>21</li><li>22</li><li>23</li><li>24</li><li>25</li><li>26</li><li>27</li><li>28</li><li>29</li><li>30</li><li>31</li><li>32</li><li>33</li><li>34</li><li>35</li><li>36</li><li>37</li><li>38</li><li>39</li><li>40</li><li>41</li><li>42</li><li>43</li><li>44</li><li>45</li><li>46</li><li>47</li><li>48</li><li>49</li><li>50</li></ul>
ActivityManagerService是什么?什么时候初始化的?有什么作用?
ActivityManagerService,简称AMS,服务端对象,负责系统中所有Activity的生命周期。
ActivityManagerService进行初始化的时机很明确,就是在SystemServer进程开启的时候,就会初始化ActivityManagerService。从下面的代码中可以看到
<code class="hljs cs has-numbering"><span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> final <span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> SystemServer { <span class="hljs-comment">//zygote的主入口</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">main</span>(String[] args) { <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> SystemServer().run(); } <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-title">SystemServer</span>() { <span class="hljs-comment">// Check for factory test mode.</span> mFactoryTestMode = FactoryTest.getMode(); } <span class="hljs-keyword">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">run</span>() { ...ignore some code... <span class="hljs-comment">//加载本地系统服务库,并进行初始化 </span> System.loadLibrary(<span class="hljs-string">"android_servers"</span>); nativeInit(); <span class="hljs-comment">// 创建系统上下文</span> createSystemContext(); <span class="hljs-comment">//初始化SystemServiceManager对象,下面的系统服务开启都需要调用SystemServiceManager.startService(Class<T>),这个方法通过反射来启动对应的服务</span> mSystemServiceManager = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> SystemServiceManager(mSystemContext); <span class="hljs-comment">//开启服务</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">try</span> { startBootstrapServices(); startCoreServices(); startOtherServices(); } <span class="hljs-keyword">catch</span> (Throwable ex) { Slog.e(<span class="hljs-string">"System"</span>, <span class="hljs-string">"******************************************"</span>); Slog.e(<span class="hljs-string">"System"</span>, <span class="hljs-string">"************ Failure starting system services"</span>, ex); <span class="hljs-keyword">throw</span> ex; } ...ignore some code... } <span class="hljs-comment">//初始化系统上下文对象mSystemContext,并设置默认的主题,mSystemContext实际上是一个ContextImpl对象。调用ActivityThread.systemMain()的时候,会调用ActivityThread.attach(true),而在attach()里面,则创建了Application对象,并调用了Application.onCreate()。</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">createSystemContext</span>() { ActivityThread activityThread = ActivityThread.systemMain(); mSystemContext = activityThread.getSystemContext(); mSystemContext.setTheme(android.R.style.Theme_DeviceDefault_Light_DarkActionBar); } <span class="hljs-comment">//在这里开启了几个核心的服务,因为这些服务之间相互依赖,所以都放在了这个方法里面。</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">startBootstrapServices</span>() { ...ignore some code... <span class="hljs-comment">//初始化ActivityManagerService</span> mActivityManagerService = mSystemServiceManager.startService( ActivityManagerService.Lifecycle.class).getService(); mActivityManagerService.setSystemServiceManager(mSystemServiceManager); <span class="hljs-comment">//初始化PowerManagerService,因为其他服务需要依赖这个Service,因此需要尽快的初始化</span> mPowerManagerService = mSystemServiceManager.startService(PowerManagerService.class); <span class="hljs-comment">// 现在电源管理已经开启,ActivityManagerService负责电源管理功能</span> mActivityManagerService.initPowerManagement(); <span class="hljs-comment">// 初始化DisplayManagerService</span> mDisplayManagerService = mSystemServiceManager.startService(DisplayManagerService.class); <span class="hljs-comment">//初始化PackageManagerService</span> mPackageManagerService = PackageManagerService.main(mSystemContext, mInstaller, mFactoryTestMode != FactoryTest.FACTORY_TEST_OFF, mOnlyCore); ...ignore some code... } } </code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li><li>10</li><li>11</li><li>12</li><li>13</li><li>14</li><li>15</li><li>16</li><li>17</li><li>18</li><li>19</li><li>20</li><li>21</li><li>22</li><li>23</li><li>24</li><li>25</li><li>26</li><li>27</li><li>28</li><li>29</li><li>30</li><li>31</li><li>32</li><li>33</li><li>34</li><li>35</li><li>36</li><li>37</li><li>38</li><li>39</li><li>40</li><li>41</li><li>42</li><li>43</li><li>44</li><li>45</li><li>46</li><li>47</li><li>48</li><li>49</li><li>50</li><li>51</li><li>52</li><li>53</li><li>54</li><li>55</li><li>56</li><li>57</li><li>58</li><li>59</li><li>60</li><li>61</li><li>62</li><li>63</li><li>64</li><li>65</li><li>66</li><li>67</li><li>68</li><li>69</li><li>70</li><li>71</li><li>72</li><li>73</li><li>74</li><li>75</li><li>76</li><li>77</li></ul>
经过上面这些步骤,我们的ActivityManagerService对象已经创建好了,并且完成了成员变量初始化。而且在这之前,调用createSystemContext()创建系统上下文的时候,也已经完成了mSystemContext和ActivityThread的创建。注意,这是系统进程开启时的流程,在这之后,会开启系统的Launcher程序,完成系统界面的加载与显示。
你是否会好奇,我为什么说AMS是服务端对象?下面我给你介绍下Android系统里面的服务器和客户端的概念。
其实服务器客户端的概念不仅仅存在于Web开发中,在Android的框架设计中,使用的也是这一种模式。服务器端指的就是所有App共用的系统服务,比如我们这里提到的ActivityManagerService,和前面提到的PackageManagerService、WindowManagerService等等,这些基础的系统服务是被所有的App公用的,当某个App想实现某个操作的时候,要告诉这些系统服务,比如你想打开一个App,那么我们知道了包名和MainActivity类名之后就可以打开
<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering">Intent intent = new Intent(Intent<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.ACTION</span>_MAIN)<span class="hljs-comment">; </span> intent<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.addCategory</span>(Intent<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.CATEGORY</span>_LAUNCHER)<span class="hljs-comment">; </span> ComponentName cn = new ComponentName(packageName, className)<span class="hljs-comment">; </span> intent<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.setComponent</span>(cn)<span class="hljs-comment">; </span> startActivity(intent)<span class="hljs-comment">; </span></code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li></ul>
但是,我们的App通过调用startActivity()并不能直接打开另外一个App,这个方法会通过一系列的调用,最后还是告诉AMS说:“我要打开这个App,我知道他的住址和名字,你帮我打开吧!”所以是AMS来通知zygote进程来fork一个新进程,来开启我们的目标App的。这就像是浏览器想要打开一个超链接一样,浏览器把网页地址发送给服务器,然后还是服务器把需要的资源文件发送给客户端的。
知道了Android Framework的客户端服务器架构之后,我们还需要了解一件事情,那就是我们的App和AMS(SystemServer进程)还有zygote进程分属于三个独立的进程,他们之间如何通信呢?
App与AMS通过Binder进行IPC通信,AMS(SystemServer进程)与zygote通过Socket进行IPC通信。
那么AMS有什么用呢?在前面我们知道了,如果想打开一个App的话,需要AMS去通知zygote进程,除此之外,其实所有的Activity的开启、暂停、关闭都需要AMS来控制,所以我们说,AMS负责系统中所有Activity的生命周期。
在Android系统中,任何一个Activity的启动都是由AMS和应用程序进程(主要是ActivityThread)相互配合来完成的。AMS服务统一调度系统中所有进程的Activity启动,而每个Activity的启动过程则由其所属的进程具体来完成。
这样说你可能还是觉得比较抽象,没关系,下面有一部分是专门来介绍AMS与ActivityThread如何一起合作控制Activity的生命周期的。
Launcher是什么?什么时候启动的?
当我们点击手机桌面上的图标的时候,App就由Launcher开始启动了。但是,你有没有思考过Launcher到底是一个什么东西?
Launcher本质上也是一个应用程序,和我们的App一样,也是继承自Activity
packages/apps/Launcher2/src/com/android/launcher2/Launcher.java
<code class="hljs java has-numbering"><span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">final</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">Launcher</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title">Activity</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">implements</span> <span class="hljs-title">View</span>.<span class="hljs-title">OnClickListener</span>, <span class="hljs-title">OnLongClickListener</span>, <span class="hljs-title">LauncherModel</span>.<span class="hljs-title">Callbacks</span>, <span class="hljs-title">View</span>.<span class="hljs-title">OnTouchListener</span> {</span> }</code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li></ul>
Launcher实现了点击、长按等回调接口,来接收用户的输入。既然是普通的App,那么我们的开发经验在这里就仍然适用,比如,我们点击图标的时候,是怎么开启的应用呢?如果让你,你怎么做这个功能呢?捕捉图标点击事件,然后startActivity()发送对应的Intent请求呗!是的,Launcher也是这么做的,就是这么easy!
那么到底是处理的哪个对象的点击事件呢?既然Launcher是App,并且有界面,那么肯定有布局文件呀,是的,我找到了布局文件launcher.xml
<code class="hljs xml has-numbering"><span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">FrameLayout </span> <span class="hljs-attribute">xmlns:android</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">xmlns:launcher</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/com.android.launcher"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@+id/launcher"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">com.android.launcher2.DragLayer </span> <span class="hljs-attribute">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@+id/drag_layer"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">android:layout_width</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"match_parent"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">android:layout_height</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"match_parent"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">android:fitsSystemWindows</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"true"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- Keep these behind the workspace so that they are not visible when we go into AllApps --></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">include </span> <span class="hljs-attribute">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@+id/dock_divider"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">layout</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@layout/workspace_divider"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">android:layout_marginBottom</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@dimen/button_bar_height"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">android:layout_gravity</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"bottom"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">include </span> <span class="hljs-attribute">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@+id/paged_view_indicator"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">layout</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@layout/scroll_indicator"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">android:layout_gravity</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"bottom"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">android:layout_marginBottom</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@dimen/button_bar_height"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- The workspace contains 5 screens of cells --></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">com.android.launcher2.Workspace </span> <span class="hljs-attribute">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@+id/workspace"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">android:layout_width</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"match_parent"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">android:layout_height</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"match_parent"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">android:paddingStart</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@dimen/workspace_left_padding"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">android:paddingEnd</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@dimen/workspace_right_padding"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">android:paddingTop</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@dimen/workspace_top_padding"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">android:paddingBottom</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@dimen/workspace_bottom_padding"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">launcher:defaultScreen</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"2"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">launcher:cellCountX</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@integer/cell_count_x"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">launcher:cellCountY</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@integer/cell_count_y"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">launcher:pageSpacing</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@dimen/workspace_page_spacing"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">launcher:scrollIndicatorPaddingLeft</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@dimen/workspace_divider_padding_left"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">launcher:scrollIndicatorPaddingRight</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@dimen/workspace_divider_padding_right"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">include</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@+id/cell1"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">layout</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@layout/workspace_screen"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">include</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@+id/cell2"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">layout</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@layout/workspace_screen"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">include</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@+id/cell3"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">layout</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@layout/workspace_screen"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">include</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@+id/cell4"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">layout</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@layout/workspace_screen"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">include</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@+id/cell5"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">layout</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@layout/workspace_screen"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">com.android.launcher2.Workspace</span>></span> ...ignore some code... <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">com.android.launcher2.DragLayer</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">FrameLayout</span>></span></code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li><li>10</li><li>11</li><li>12</li><li>13</li><li>14</li><li>15</li><li>16</li><li>17</li><li>18</li><li>19</li><li>20</li><li>21</li><li>22</li><li>23</li><li>24</li><li>25</li><li>26</li><li>27</li><li>28</li><li>29</li><li>30</li><li>31</li><li>32</li><li>33</li><li>34</li><li>35</li><li>36</li><li>37</li><li>38</li><li>39</li><li>40</li><li>41</li><li>42</li><li>43</li><li>44</li><li>45</li><li>46</li><li>47</li><li>48</li><li>49</li><li>50</li><li>51</li><li>52</li></ul>
为了方便查看,我删除了很多代码,从上面这些我们应该可以看出一些东西来:Launcher大量使用标签来实现界面的复用,而且定义了很多的自定义控件实现界面效果,dock_divider从布局的参数声明上可以猜出,是底部操作栏和上面图标布局的分割线,而paged_view_indicator则是页面指示器,和App首次进入的引导页下面的界面引导是一样的道理。当然,我们最关心的是Workspace这个布局,因为注释里面说在这里面包含了5个屏幕的单元格,想必你也猜到了,这个就是在首页存放我们图标的那五个界面(不同的ROM会做不同的DIY,数量不固定)。
接下来,我们应该打开workspace_screen布局,看看里面有什么东东。
workspace_screen.xml
<code class="hljs perl has-numbering"><com.android.launcher2.CellLayout xmlns:android=<span class="hljs-string">"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"</span> xmlns:launcher=<span class="hljs-string">"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/com.android.launcher"</span> android:layout_width=<span class="hljs-string">"wrap_content"</span> android:layout_height=<span class="hljs-string">"wrap_content"</span> android:paddingStart=<span class="hljs-string">"<span class="hljs-variable">@dimen</span>/cell_layout_left_padding"</span> android:paddingEnd=<span class="hljs-string">"<span class="hljs-variable">@dimen</span>/cell_layout_right_padding"</span> android:paddingTop=<span class="hljs-string">"<span class="hljs-variable">@dimen</span>/cell_layout_top_padding"</span> android:paddingBottom=<span class="hljs-string">"<span class="hljs-variable">@dimen</span>/cell_layout_bottom_padding"</span> android:hapticFeedbackEnabled=<span class="hljs-string">"false"</span> launcher:cellWidth=<span class="hljs-string">"<span class="hljs-variable">@dimen</span>/workspace_cell_width"</span> launcher:cellHeight=<span class="hljs-string">"<span class="hljs-variable">@dimen</span>/workspace_cell_height"</span> launcher:widthGap=<span class="hljs-string">"<span class="hljs-variable">@dimen</span>/workspace_width_gap"</span> launcher:heightGap=<span class="hljs-string">"<span class="hljs-variable">@dimen</span>/workspace_height_gap"</span> launcher:maxGap=<span class="hljs-string">"<span class="hljs-variable">@dimen</span>/workspace_max_gap"</span> /></code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li><li>10</li><li>11</li><li>12</li><li>13</li><li>14</li><li>15</li></ul>
里面就一个CellLayout,也是一个自定义布局,那么我们就可以猜到了,既然可以存放图标,那么这个自定义的布局很有可能是继承自ViewGroup或者是其子类,实际上,CellLayout确实是继承自ViewGroup。在CellLayout里面,只放了一个子View,那就是ShortcutAndWidgetContainer。从名字也可以看出来,ShortcutAndWidgetContainer这个类就是用来存放快捷图标和Widget小部件的,那么里面放的是什么对象呢?
在桌面上的图标,使用的是BubbleTextView对象,这个对象在TextView的基础之上,添加了一些特效,比如你长按移动图标的时候,图标位置会出现一个背景(不同版本的效果不同),所以我们找到BubbleTextView对象的点击事件,就可以找到Launcher如何开启一个App了。
除了在桌面上有图标之外,在程序列表中点击图标,也可以开启对应的程序。这里的图标使用的不是BubbleTextView对象,而是PagedViewIcon对象,我们如果找到它的点击事件,就也可以找到Launcher如何开启一个App。
其实说这么多,和今天的主题隔着十万八千里,上面这些东西,你有兴趣就看,没兴趣就直接跳过,不知道不影响这篇文章阅读。
BubbleTextView的点击事件在哪里呢?我来告诉你:在Launcher.onClick(View v)里面。
<code class="hljs java has-numbering"> <span class="hljs-javadoc">/** * Launches the intent referred by the clicked shortcut */</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">onClick</span>(View v) { ...ignore some code... Object tag = v.getTag(); <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (tag <span class="hljs-keyword">instanceof</span> ShortcutInfo) { <span class="hljs-comment">// Open shortcut</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">final</span> Intent intent = ((ShortcutInfo) tag).intent; <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span>[] pos = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span>[<span class="hljs-number">2</span>]; v.getLocationOnScreen(pos); intent.setSourceBounds(<span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> Rect(pos[<span class="hljs-number">0</span>], pos[<span class="hljs-number">1</span>], pos[<span class="hljs-number">0</span>] + v.getWidth(), pos[<span class="hljs-number">1</span>] + v.getHeight())); <span class="hljs-comment">//开始开启Activity咯~</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">boolean</span> success = startActivitySafely(v, intent, tag); <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (success && v <span class="hljs-keyword">instanceof</span> BubbleTextView) { mWaitingForResume = (BubbleTextView) v; mWaitingForResume.setStayPressed(<span class="hljs-keyword">true</span>); } } <span class="hljs-keyword">else</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (tag <span class="hljs-keyword">instanceof</span> FolderInfo) { <span class="hljs-comment">//如果点击的是图标文件夹,就打开文件夹</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (v <span class="hljs-keyword">instanceof</span> FolderIcon) { FolderIcon fi = (FolderIcon) v; handleFolderClick(fi); } } <span class="hljs-keyword">else</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (v == mAllAppsButton) { ...ignore some code... } }</code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li><li>10</li><li>11</li><li>12</li><li>13</li><li>14</li><li>15</li><li>16</li><li>17</li><li>18</li><li>19</li><li>20</li><li>21</li><li>22</li><li>23</li><li>24</li><li>25</li><li>26</li><li>27</li><li>28</li><li>29</li><li>30</li><li>31</li><li>32</li></ul>
从上面的代码我们可以看到,在桌面上点击快捷图标的时候,会调用
<code class="hljs scss has-numbering"><span class="hljs-function">startActivitySafely(v, intent, tag)</span>;</code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li></ul>
那么从程序列表界面,点击图标的时候会发生什么呢?实际上,程序列表界面使用的是AppsCustomizePagedView对象,所以我在这个类里面找到了onClick(View v)。
com.android.launcher2.AppsCustomizePagedView.java
<code class="hljs java has-numbering"><span class="hljs-javadoc">/** * The Apps/Customize page that displays all the applications, widgets, and shortcuts. */</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">AppsCustomizePagedView</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title">PagedViewWithDraggableItems</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">implements</span> <span class="hljs-title">View</span>.<span class="hljs-title">OnClickListener</span>, <span class="hljs-title">View</span>.<span class="hljs-title">OnKeyListener</span>, <span class="hljs-title">DragSource</span>, <span class="hljs-title">PagedViewIcon</span>.<span class="hljs-title">PressedCallback</span>, <span class="hljs-title">PagedViewWidget</span>.<span class="hljs-title">ShortPressListener</span>, <span class="hljs-title">LauncherTransitionable</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-annotation">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">onClick</span>(View v) { ...ignore some code... <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (v <span class="hljs-keyword">instanceof</span> PagedViewIcon) { mLauncher.updateWallpaperVisibility(<span class="hljs-keyword">true</span>); mLauncher.startActivitySafely(v, appInfo.intent, appInfo); } <span class="hljs-keyword">else</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (v <span class="hljs-keyword">instanceof</span> PagedViewWidget) { ...ignore some code.. } } }</code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li><li>10</li><li>11</li><li>12</li><li>13</li><li>14</li><li>15</li><li>16</li><li>17</li><li>18</li><li>19</li><li>20</li><li>21</li></ul>
可以看到,调用的是
<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering">mLauncher<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.startActivitySafely</span>(v, appInfo<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.intent</span>, appInfo)<span class="hljs-comment">;</span></code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li></ul>
和上面一样!这叫什么?这叫殊途同归!
所以咱们现在又明白了一件事情:不管从哪里点击图标,调用的都是Launcher.startActivitySafely()。
- 下面我们就可以一步步的来看一下Launcher.startActivitySafely()到底做了什么事情。
<code class="hljs lasso has-numbering"> boolean startActivitySafely(View v, Intent intent, Object <span class="hljs-built_in">tag</span>) { boolean success <span class="hljs-subst">=</span> <span class="hljs-literal">false</span>; try { success <span class="hljs-subst">=</span> startActivity(v, intent, <span class="hljs-built_in">tag</span>); } catch (ActivityNotFoundException e) { Toast<span class="hljs-built_in">.</span>makeText(this, R<span class="hljs-built_in">.</span><span class="hljs-built_in">string</span><span class="hljs-built_in">.</span>activity_not_found, Toast<span class="hljs-built_in">.</span>LENGTH_SHORT)<span class="hljs-built_in">.</span>show(); <span class="hljs-keyword">Log</span><span class="hljs-built_in">.</span>e(<span class="hljs-built_in">TAG</span>, <span class="hljs-string">"Unable to launch. tag="</span> <span class="hljs-subst">+</span> <span class="hljs-built_in">tag</span> <span class="hljs-subst">+</span> <span class="hljs-string">" intent="</span> <span class="hljs-subst">+</span> intent, e); } <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> success; }</code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li><li>10</li></ul>
调用了startActivity(v, intent, tag)
<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering"> boolean startActivity(View v, Intent intent, Object tag) { intent<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.addFlags</span>(Intent<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.FLAG</span>_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK)<span class="hljs-comment">;</span> try { boolean useLaunchAnimation = (v != null) && !intent<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.hasExtra</span>(INTENT_EXTRA_IGNORE_LAUNCH_ANIMATION)<span class="hljs-comment">;</span> if (useLaunchAnimation) { if (user == null || user<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.equals</span>(android<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.os</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor">.Process</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor">.myUserHandle</span>())) { startActivity(intent, opts<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.toBundle</span>())<span class="hljs-comment">;</span> } else { launcherApps<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.startMainActivity</span>(intent<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.getComponent</span>(), user, intent<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.getSourceBounds</span>(), opts<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.toBundle</span>())<span class="hljs-comment">;</span> } } else { if (user == null || user<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.equals</span>(android<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.os</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor">.Process</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor">.myUserHandle</span>())) { startActivity(intent)<span class="hljs-comment">;</span> } else { launcherApps<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.startMainActivity</span>(intent<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.getComponent</span>(), user, intent<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.getSourceBounds</span>(), null)<span class="hljs-comment">;</span> } } return true<span class="hljs-comment">;</span> } catch (SecurityException e) { ... } return false<span class="hljs-comment">;</span> }</code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li><li>10</li><li>11</li><li>12</li><li>13</li><li>14</li><li>15</li><li>16</li><li>17</li><li>18</li><li>19</li><li>20</li><li>21</li><li>22</li><li>23</li><li>24</li><li>25</li><li>26</li><li>27</li><li>28</li><li>29</li></ul>
这里会调用Activity.startActivity(intent, opts.toBundle()),这个方法熟悉吗?这就是我们经常用到的Activity.startActivity(Intent)的重载函数。而且由于设置了
<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering"> intent<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.addFlags</span>(Intent<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.FLAG</span>_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK)<span class="hljs-comment">;</span></code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li></ul>
所以这个Activity会添加到一个新的Task栈中,而且,startActivity()调用的其实是startActivityForResult()这个方法。
<code class="hljs java has-numbering"><span class="hljs-annotation">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">startActivity</span>(Intent intent, @Nullable Bundle options) { <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (options != <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>) { startActivityForResult(intent, -<span class="hljs-number">1</span>, options); } <span class="hljs-keyword">else</span> { <span class="hljs-comment">// Note we want to go through this call for compatibility with</span> <span class="hljs-comment">// applications that may have overridden the method.</span> startActivityForResult(intent, -<span class="hljs-number">1</span>); } }</code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li><li>10</li></ul>
所以我们现在明确了,Launcher中开启一个App,其实和我们在Activity中直接startActivity()基本一样,都是调用了Activity.startActivityForResult()。
Instrumentation是什么?和ActivityThread是什么关系?
还记得前面说过的Instrumentation对象吗?每个Activity都持有Instrumentation对象的一个引用,但是整个进程只会存在一个Instrumentation对象。当startActivityForResult()调用之后,实际上还是调用了mInstrumentation.execStartActivity()
<code class="hljs cs has-numbering"><span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">startActivityForResult</span>(Intent intent, <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> requestCode, @Nullable Bundle options) { <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (mParent == <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>) { Instrumentation.ActivityResult ar = mInstrumentation.execStartActivity( <span class="hljs-keyword">this</span>, mMainThread.getApplicationThread(), mToken, <span class="hljs-keyword">this</span>, intent, requestCode, options); <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (ar != <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>) { mMainThread.sendActivityResult( mToken, mEmbeddedID, requestCode, ar.getResultCode(), ar.getResultData()); } ...ignore some code... } <span class="hljs-keyword">else</span> { <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (options != <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>) { <span class="hljs-comment">//当现在的Activity有父Activity的时候会调用,但是在startActivityFromChild()内部实际还是调用的mInstrumentation.execStartActivity()</span> mParent.startActivityFromChild(<span class="hljs-keyword">this</span>, intent, requestCode, options); } <span class="hljs-keyword">else</span> { mParent.startActivityFromChild(<span class="hljs-keyword">this</span>, intent, requestCode); } } ...ignore some code... }</code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li><li>10</li><li>11</li><li>12</li><li>13</li><li>14</li><li>15</li><li>16</li><li>17</li><li>18</li><li>19</li><li>20</li><li>21</li><li>22</li></ul>
下面是mInstrumentation.execStartActivity()的实现
<code class="hljs cs has-numbering"> <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> ActivityResult <span class="hljs-title">execStartActivity</span>( Context who, IBinder contextThread, IBinder token, Activity target, Intent intent, <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> requestCode, Bundle options) { IApplicationThread whoThread = (IApplicationThread) contextThread; ...ignore some code... <span class="hljs-keyword">try</span> { intent.migrateExtraStreamToClipData(); intent.prepareToLeaveProcess(); <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> result = ActivityManagerNative.getDefault() .startActivity(whoThread, who.getBasePackageName(), intent, intent.resolveTypeIfNeeded(who.getContentResolver()), token, target != <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span> ? target.mEmbeddedID : <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>, requestCode, <span class="hljs-number">0</span>, <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>, options); checkStartActivityResult(result, intent); } <span class="hljs-keyword">catch</span> (RemoteException e) { } <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>; }</code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li><li>10</li><li>11</li><li>12</li><li>13</li><li>14</li><li>15</li><li>16</li><li>17</li><li>18</li></ul>
所以当我们在程序中调用startActivity()的 时候,实际上调用的是Instrumentation的相关的方法。
Instrumentation意为“仪器”,我们先看一下这个类里面包含哪些方法吧
我们可以看到,这个类里面的方法大多数和Application和Activity有关,是的,这个类就是完成对Application和Activity初始化和生命周期的工具类。比如说,我单独挑一个callActivityOnCreate()让你看看
<code class="hljs cs has-numbering"><span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">callActivityOnCreate</span>(Activity activity, Bundle icicle) { prePerformCreate(activity); activity.performCreate(icicle); postPerformCreate(activity); }</code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li></ul>
对activity.performCreate(icicle);这一行代码熟悉吗?这一行里面就调用了传说中的Activity的入口函数onCreate(),不信?接着往下看
Activity.performCreate()
<code class="hljs scss has-numbering">final void <span class="hljs-function">performCreate(Bundle icicle)</span> { <span class="hljs-function">onCreate(icicle)</span>; mActivityTransitionState<span class="hljs-class">.readState</span>(icicle); <span class="hljs-function">performCreateCommon()</span>; }</code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li></ul>
没骗你吧,onCreate在这里调用了吧。但是有一件事情必须说清楚,那就是这个Instrumentation类这么重要,为啥我在开发的过程中,没有发现他的踪迹呢?
是的,Instrumentation这个类很重要,对Activity生命周期方法的调用根本就离不开他,他可以说是一个大管家,但是,这个大管家比较害羞,是一个女的,管内不管外,是老板娘~
那么你可能要问了,老板是谁呀?
老板当然是大名鼎鼎的ActivityThread了!
ActivityThread你都没听说过?那你肯定听说过传说中的UI线程吧?是的,这就是UI线程。我们前面说过,App和AMS是通过Binder传递信息的,那么ActivityThread就是专门与AMS的外交工作的。
AMS说:“ActivityThread,你给我暂停一个Activity!”
ActivityThread就说:“没问题!”然后转身和Instrumentation说:“老婆,AMS让暂停一个Activity,我这里忙着呢,你快去帮我把这事办了把~”
于是,Instrumentation就去把事儿搞定了。
所以说,AMS是董事会,负责指挥和调度的,ActivityThread是老板,虽然说家里的事自己说了算,但是需要听从AMS的指挥,而Instrumentation则是老板娘,负责家里的大事小事,但是一般不抛头露面,听一家之主ActivityThread的安排。
如何理解AMS和ActivityThread之间的Binder通信?
前面我们说到,在调用startActivity()的时候,实际上调用的是
<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering">mInstrumentation<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.execStartActivity</span>()</code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li></ul>
但是到这里还没完呢!里面又调用了下面的方法
<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering">ActivityManagerNative<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.getDefault</span>() <span class="hljs-preprocessor">.startActivity</span></code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li></ul>
这里的ActivityManagerNative.getDefault返回的就是ActivityManagerService的远程接口,即ActivityManagerProxy。
怎么知道的呢?往下看
<code class="hljs java has-numbering"><span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">abstract</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">ActivityManagerNative</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title">Binder</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">implements</span> <span class="hljs-title">IActivityManager</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-comment">//从类声明上,我们可以看到ActivityManagerNative是Binder的一个子类,而且实现了IActivityManager接口</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> IActivityManager <span class="hljs-title">getDefault</span>() { <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> gDefault.get(); } <span class="hljs-comment">//通过单例模式获取一个IActivityManager对象,这个对象通过asInterface(b)获得</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">final</span> Singleton<IActivityManager> gDefault = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> Singleton<IActivityManager>() { <span class="hljs-keyword">protected</span> IActivityManager <span class="hljs-title">create</span>() { IBinder b = ServiceManager.getService(<span class="hljs-string">"activity"</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword">false</span>) { Log.v(<span class="hljs-string">"ActivityManager"</span>, <span class="hljs-string">"default service binder = "</span> + b); } IActivityManager am = asInterface(b); <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword">false</span>) { Log.v(<span class="hljs-string">"ActivityManager"</span>, <span class="hljs-string">"default service = "</span> + am); } <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> am; } }; } <span class="hljs-comment">//最终返回的还是一个ActivityManagerProxy对象</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> IActivityManager <span class="hljs-title">asInterface</span>(IBinder obj) { <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (obj == <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>) { <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>; } IActivityManager in = (IActivityManager)obj.queryLocalInterface(descriptor); <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (in != <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>) { <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> in; } <span class="hljs-comment">//这里面的Binder类型的obj参数会作为ActivityManagerProxy的成员变量保存为mRemote成员变量,负责进行IPC通信</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> ActivityManagerProxy(obj); } }</code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li><li>10</li><li>11</li><li>12</li><li>13</li><li>14</li><li>15</li><li>16</li><li>17</li><li>18</li><li>19</li><li>20</li><li>21</li><li>22</li><li>23</li><li>24</li><li>25</li><li>26</li><li>27</li><li>28</li><li>29</li><li>30</li><li>31</li><li>32</li><li>33</li><li>34</li><li>35</li><li>36</li><li>37</li><li>38</li><li>39</li><li>40</li><li>41</li><li>42</li></ul>
再看ActivityManagerProxy.startActivity(),在这里面做的事情就是IPC通信,利用Binder对象,调用transact(),把所有需要的参数封装成Parcel对象,向AMS发送数据进行通信。
<code class="hljs haskell has-numbering"> public int startActivity(<span class="hljs-type">IApplicationThread</span> caller, <span class="hljs-type">String</span> callingPackage, <span class="hljs-type">Intent</span> intent, <span class="hljs-type">String</span> resolvedType, <span class="hljs-type">IBinder</span> resultTo, <span class="hljs-type">String</span> resultWho, int requestCode, int startFlags, <span class="hljs-type">ProfilerInfo</span> profilerInfo, <span class="hljs-type">Bundle</span> options) throws <span class="hljs-type">RemoteException</span> { <span class="hljs-type">Parcel</span> <span class="hljs-typedef"><span class="hljs-keyword">data</span> = <span class="hljs-type">Parcel</span>.obtain<span class="hljs-container">()</span>;</span> <span class="hljs-type">Parcel</span> reply = <span class="hljs-type">Parcel</span>.obtain(); <span class="hljs-typedef"><span class="hljs-keyword">data</span>.writeInterfaceToken<span class="hljs-container">(<span class="hljs-type">IActivityManager</span>.<span class="hljs-title">descriptor</span>)</span>;</span> <span class="hljs-typedef"><span class="hljs-keyword">data</span>.writeStrongBinder<span class="hljs-container">(<span class="hljs-title">caller</span> != <span class="hljs-title">null</span> ? <span class="hljs-title">caller</span>.<span class="hljs-title">asBinder</span>()</span> : null);</span> <span class="hljs-typedef"><span class="hljs-keyword">data</span>.writeString<span class="hljs-container">(<span class="hljs-title">callingPackage</span>)</span>;</span> intent.writeToParcel(<span class="hljs-typedef"><span class="hljs-keyword">data</span>, 0);</span> <span class="hljs-typedef"><span class="hljs-keyword">data</span>.writeString<span class="hljs-container">(<span class="hljs-title">resolvedType</span>)</span>;</span> <span class="hljs-typedef"><span class="hljs-keyword">data</span>.writeStrongBinder<span class="hljs-container">(<span class="hljs-title">resultTo</span>)</span>;</span> <span class="hljs-typedef"><span class="hljs-keyword">data</span>.writeString<span class="hljs-container">(<span class="hljs-title">resultWho</span>)</span>;</span> <span class="hljs-typedef"><span class="hljs-keyword">data</span>.writeInt<span class="hljs-container">(<span class="hljs-title">requestCode</span>)</span>;</span> <span class="hljs-typedef"><span class="hljs-keyword">data</span>.writeInt<span class="hljs-container">(<span class="hljs-title">startFlags</span>)</span>;</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (profilerInfo != null) { <span class="hljs-typedef"><span class="hljs-keyword">data</span>.writeInt<span class="hljs-container">(1)</span>;</span> profilerInfo.writeToParcel(<span class="hljs-typedef"><span class="hljs-keyword">data</span>, <span class="hljs-type">Parcelable</span>.<span class="hljs-type">PARCELABLE_WRITE_RETURN_VALUE</span>);</span> } <span class="hljs-keyword">else</span> { <span class="hljs-typedef"><span class="hljs-keyword">data</span>.writeInt<span class="hljs-container">(0)</span>;</span> } <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (options != null) { <span class="hljs-typedef"><span class="hljs-keyword">data</span>.writeInt<span class="hljs-container">(1)</span>;</span> options.writeToParcel(<span class="hljs-typedef"><span class="hljs-keyword">data</span>, 0);</span> } <span class="hljs-keyword">else</span> { <span class="hljs-typedef"><span class="hljs-keyword">data</span>.writeInt<span class="hljs-container">(0)</span>;</span> } mRemote.transact(<span class="hljs-type">START_ACTIVITY_TRANSACTION</span>, <span class="hljs-typedef"><span class="hljs-keyword">data</span>, reply, 0);</span> reply.readException(); int result = reply.readInt(); reply.recycle(); <span class="hljs-typedef"><span class="hljs-keyword">data</span>.recycle<span class="hljs-container">()</span>;</span> return result; }</code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li><li>10</li><li>11</li><li>12</li><li>13</li><li>14</li><li>15</li><li>16</li><li>17</li><li>18</li><li>19</li><li>20</li><li>21</li><li>22</li><li>23</li><li>24</li><li>25</li><li>26</li><li>27</li><li>28</li><li>29</li><li>30</li><li>31</li><li>32</li><li>33</li></ul>
Binder本质上只是一种底层通信方式,和具体服务没有关系。为了提供具体服务,Server必须提供一套接口函数以便Client通过远程访问使用各种服务。这时通常采用Proxy设计模式:将接口函数定义在一个抽象类中,Server和Client都会以该抽象类为基类实现所有接口函数,所不同的是Server端是真正的功能实现,而Client端是对这些函数远程调用请求的包装。
为了更方便的说明客户端和服务器之间的Binder通信,下面以ActivityManagerServices和他在客户端的代理类ActivityManagerProxy为例。
ActivityManagerServices和ActivityManagerProxy都实现了同一个接口——IActivityManager。
<code class="hljs php has-numbering"><span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">ActivityManagerProxy</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">implements</span> <span class="hljs-title">IActivityManager</span>{</span>} <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">final</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">ActivityManagerService</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title">ActivityManagerNative</span>{</span>} <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">abstract</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">ActivityManagerNative</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title">Binder</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">implements</span> <span class="hljs-title">IActivityManager</span>{</span>} </code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li></ul>
虽然都实现了同一个接口,但是代理对象ActivityManagerProxy并不会对这些方法进行真正地实现,ActivityManagerProxy只是通过这种方式对方法的参数进行打包(因为都实现了相同接口,所以可以保证同一个方法有相同的参数,即对要传输给服务器的数据进行打包),真正实现的是ActivityManagerService。
但是这个地方并不是直接由客户端传递给服务器,而是通过Binder驱动进行中转。其实我对Binder驱动并不熟悉,我们就把他当做一个中转站就OK,客户端调用ActivityManagerProxy接口里面的方法,把数据传送给Binder驱动,然后Binder驱动就会把这些东西转发给服务器的ActivityManagerServices,由ActivityManagerServices去真正的实施具体的操作。
但是Binder只能传递数据,并不知道是要调用ActivityManagerServices的哪个方法,所以在数据中会添加方法的唯一标识码,比如前面的startActivity()方法:
<code class="hljs lasso has-numbering"><span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> int startActivity(IApplicationThread caller, <span class="hljs-built_in">String</span> callingPackage, Intent intent, <span class="hljs-built_in">String</span> resolvedType, IBinder resultTo, <span class="hljs-built_in">String</span> resultWho, int requestCode, int startFlags, ProfilerInfo profilerInfo, Bundle options) throws RemoteException { Parcel <span class="hljs-built_in">data</span> <span class="hljs-subst">=</span> Parcel<span class="hljs-built_in">.</span>obtain(); Parcel reply <span class="hljs-subst">=</span> Parcel<span class="hljs-built_in">.</span>obtain(); <span class="hljs-attribute">...</span>ignore some code<span class="hljs-attribute">...</span> mRemote<span class="hljs-built_in">.</span>transact(START_ACTIVITY_TRANSACTION, <span class="hljs-built_in">data</span>, reply, <span class="hljs-number">0</span>); reply<span class="hljs-built_in">.</span>readException(); int result <span class="hljs-subst">=</span> reply<span class="hljs-built_in">.</span>readInt(); reply<span class="hljs-built_in">.</span>recycle(); <span class="hljs-built_in">data</span><span class="hljs-built_in">.</span>recycle(); <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> result; }</code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li><li>10</li><li>11</li><li>12</li><li>13</li><li>14</li><li>15</li></ul>
上面的START_ACTIVITY_TRANSACTION就是方法标示,data是要传输给Binder驱动的数据,reply则接受操作的返回值。
即
客户端:ActivityManagerProxy =====>Binder驱动=====> ActivityManagerService:服务器
而且由于继承了同样的公共接口类,ActivityManagerProxy提供了与ActivityManagerService一样的函数原型,使用户感觉不出Server是运行在本地还是远端,从而可以更加方便的调用这些重要的系统服务。
但是!这里Binder通信是单方向的,即从ActivityManagerProxy指向ActivityManagerService的,如果AMS想要通知ActivityThread做一些事情,应该咋办呢?
还是通过Binder通信,不过是换了另外一对,换成了ApplicationThread和ApplicationThreadProxy。
客户端:ApplicationThread <=====Binder驱动<===== ApplicationThreadProxy:服务器
他们也都实现了相同的接口IApplicationThread
<code class="hljs php has-numbering"> <span class="hljs-keyword">private</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">ApplicationThread</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title">ApplicationThreadNative</span> {</span>} <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">abstract</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">ApplicationThreadNative</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title">Binder</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">implements</span> <span class="hljs-title">IApplicationThread</span>{</span>} <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">ApplicationThreadProxy</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">implements</span> <span class="hljs-title">IApplicationThread</span> {</span>}</code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li></ul>
剩下的就不必多说了吧,和前面一样。
AMS接收到客户端的请求之后,会如何开启一个Activity?
OK,至此,点击桌面图标调用startActivity(),终于把数据和要开启Activity的请求发送到了AMS了。说了这么多,其实这些都在一瞬间完成了,下面咱们研究下AMS到底做了什么。
注:前方有高能的方法调用链,如果你现在累了,请先喝杯咖啡或者是上趟厕所休息下
AMS收到startActivity的请求之后,会按照如下的方法链进行调用
调用startActivity()
<code class="hljs java has-numbering"><span class="hljs-annotation">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> <span class="hljs-title">startActivity</span>(IApplicationThread caller, String callingPackage, Intent intent, String resolvedType, IBinder resultTo, String resultWho, <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> requestCode, <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> startFlags, ProfilerInfo profilerInfo, Bundle options) { <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> startActivityAsUser(caller, callingPackage, intent, resolvedType, resultTo, resultWho, requestCode, startFlags, profilerInfo, options, UserHandle.getCallingUserId()); }</code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li></ul>
调用startActivityAsUser()
<code class="hljs java has-numbering"> <span class="hljs-annotation">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> <span class="hljs-title">startActivityAsUser</span>(IApplicationThread caller, String callingPackage, Intent intent, String resolvedType, IBinder resultTo, String resultWho, <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> requestCode, <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> startFlags, ProfilerInfo profilerInfo, Bundle options, <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> userId) { ...ignore some code... <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> mStackSupervisor.startActivityMayWait(caller, -<span class="hljs-number">1</span>, callingPackage, intent, resolvedType, <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>, <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>, resultTo, resultWho, requestCode, startFlags, profilerInfo, <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>, <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>, options, userId, <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>, <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>); } </code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li><li>10</li><li>11</li><li>12</li></ul>
在这里又出现了一个新对象ActivityStackSupervisor,通过这个类可以实现对ActivityStack的部分操作。
<code class="hljs vbscript has-numbering"> final <span class="hljs-built_in">int</span> startActivityMayWait(IApplicationThread caller, <span class="hljs-built_in">int</span> callingUid, <span class="hljs-built_in">String</span> callingPackage, Intent intent, <span class="hljs-built_in">String</span> resolvedType, IVoiceInteractionSession voiceSession, IVoiceInteractor voiceInteractor, IBinder resultTo, <span class="hljs-built_in">String</span> resultWho, <span class="hljs-built_in">int</span> requestCode, <span class="hljs-built_in">int</span> startFlags, ProfilerInfo profilerInfo, WaitResult outResult, Configuration config, Bundle options, <span class="hljs-built_in">int</span> userId, IActivityContainer iContainer, TaskRecord inTask) { ...ignore some code... <span class="hljs-built_in">int</span> res = startActivityLocked(caller, intent, resolvedType, aInfo, voiceSession, voiceInteractor, resultTo, resultWho, requestCode, callingPid, callingUid, callingPackage, realCallingPid, realCallingUid, startFlags, options, componentSpecified, <span class="hljs-literal">null</span>, container, inTask); ...ignore some code... }</code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li><li>10</li><li>11</li><li>12</li><li>13</li><li>14</li><li>15</li><li>16</li><li>17</li><li>18</li></ul>
继续调用startActivityLocked()
<code class="hljs vbscript has-numbering"> final <span class="hljs-built_in">int</span> startActivityLocked(IApplicationThread caller, Intent intent, <span class="hljs-built_in">String</span> resolvedType, ActivityInfo aInfo, IVoiceInteractionSession voiceSession, IVoiceInteractor voiceInteractor, IBinder resultTo, <span class="hljs-built_in">String</span> resultWho, <span class="hljs-built_in">int</span> requestCode, <span class="hljs-built_in">int</span> callingPid, <span class="hljs-built_in">int</span> callingUid, <span class="hljs-built_in">String</span> callingPackage, <span class="hljs-built_in">int</span> realCallingPid, <span class="hljs-built_in">int</span> realCallingUid, <span class="hljs-built_in">int</span> startFlags, Bundle options, boolean componentSpecified, ActivityRecord[] outActivity, ActivityContainer container, TaskRecord inTask) { <span class="hljs-built_in">err</span> = startActivityUncheckedLocked(r, sourceRecord, voiceSession, voiceInteractor, startFlags, <span class="hljs-literal">true</span>, options, inTask); <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (<span class="hljs-built_in">err</span> < <span class="hljs-number">0</span>) { notifyActivityDrawnForKeyguard(); } return <span class="hljs-built_in">err</span>; }</code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li><li>10</li><li>11</li><li>12</li><li>13</li><li>14</li><li>15</li><li>16</li></ul>
调用startActivityUncheckedLocked(),此时要启动的Activity已经通过检验,被认为是一个正当的启动请求。
终于,在这里调用到了ActivityStack的startActivityLocked(ActivityRecord r, boolean newTask,boolean doResume, boolean keepCurTransition, Bundle options)。
ActivityRecord代表的就是要开启的Activity对象,里面分装了很多信息,比如所在的ActivityTask等,如果这是首次打开应用,那么这个Activity会被放到ActivityTask的栈顶,
<code class="hljs bash has-numbering">final int startActivityUncheckedLocked(ActivityRecord r, ActivityRecord <span class="hljs-built_in">source</span>Record, IVoiceInteractionSession voiceSession, IVoiceInteractor voiceInteractor, int startFlags, boolean <span class="hljs-keyword">do</span>Resume, Bundle options, TaskRecord <span class="hljs-keyword">in</span>Task) { ...ignore some code... targetStack.startActivityLocked(r, newTask, <span class="hljs-keyword">do</span>Resume, keepCurTransition, options); ...ignore some code... <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> ActivityManager.START_SUCCESS; }</code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li><li>10</li><li>11</li><li>12</li></ul>
调用的是ActivityStack.startActivityLocked()
<code class="hljs rust has-numbering"> final void startActivityLocked(ActivityRecord r, boolean newTask, boolean doResume, boolean keepCurTransition, Bundle options) { <span class="hljs-comment">//ActivityRecord中存储的TaskRecord信息</span> TaskRecord rTask = r.<span class="hljs-keyword">task</span>; ...ignore some code... <span class="hljs-comment">//如果不是在新的ActivityTask(也就是TaskRecord)中的话,就找出要运行在的TaskRecord对象</span> TaskRecord <span class="hljs-keyword">task</span> = null; <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (!newTask) { boolean startIt = <span class="hljs-keyword">true</span>; <span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> taskNdx = mTaskHistory.size() - <span class="hljs-number">1</span>; taskNdx >= <span class="hljs-number">0</span>; --taskNdx) { <span class="hljs-keyword">task</span> = mTaskHistory.get(taskNdx); <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword">task</span>.getTopActivity() == null) { <span class="hljs-comment">// task中的所有Activity都结束了</span> continue; } <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword">task</span> == r.<span class="hljs-keyword">task</span>) { <span class="hljs-comment">// 找到了</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (!startIt) { <span class="hljs-keyword">task</span>.addActivityToTop(r); r.putInHistory(); mWindowManager.addAppToken(<span class="hljs-keyword">task</span>.mActivities.indexOf(r), r.appToken, r.<span class="hljs-keyword">task</span>.taskId, mStackId, r.info.screenOrientation, r.fullscreen, (r.info.flags & ActivityInfo.FLAG_SHOW_ON_LOCK_SCREEN) != <span class="hljs-number">0</span>, r.userId, r.info.configChanges, <span class="hljs-keyword">task</span>.voiceSession != null, r.mLaunchTaskBehind); <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (VALIDATE_TOKENS) { validateAppTokensLocked(); } ActivityOptions.abort(options); <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span>; } <span class="hljs-keyword">break</span>; } <span class="hljs-keyword">else</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword">task</span>.numFullscreen > <span class="hljs-number">0</span>) { startIt = <span class="hljs-keyword">false</span>; } } } ...ignore some code... <span class="hljs-comment">// Place a new activity at top of stack, so it is next to interact</span> <span class="hljs-comment">// with the user.</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">task</span> = r.<span class="hljs-keyword">task</span>; <span class="hljs-keyword">task</span>.addActivityToTop(r); <span class="hljs-keyword">task</span>.setFrontOfTask(); ...ignore some code... <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (doResume) { mStackSupervisor.resumeTopActivitiesLocked(this, r, options); } }</code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li><li>10</li><li>11</li><li>12</li><li>13</li><li>14</li><li>15</li><li>16</li><li>17</li><li>18</li><li>19</li><li>20</li><li>21</li><li>22</li><li>23</li><li>24</li><li>25</li><li>26</li><li>27</li><li>28</li><li>29</li><li>30</li><li>31</li><li>32</li><li>33</li><li>34</li><li>35</li><li>36</li><li>37</li><li>38</li><li>39</li><li>40</li><li>41</li><li>42</li><li>43</li><li>44</li><li>45</li><li>46</li><li>47</li><li>48</li><li>49</li><li>50</li><li>51</li><li>52</li><li>53</li><li>54</li><li>55</li></ul>
靠!这来回折腾什么呢!从ActivityStackSupervisor到ActivityStack,又调回ActivityStackSupervisor,这到底是在折腾什么玩意啊!!!
淡定…淡定…我知道你也在心里骂娘,世界如此美妙,你却如此暴躁,这样不好,不好…
来来来,咱们继续哈,刚才说到哪里了?哦,对,咱们一起看下StackSupervisor.resumeTopActivitiesLocked(this, r, options)
<code class="hljs java has-numbering"> <span class="hljs-keyword">boolean</span> resumeTopActivitiesLocked(ActivityStack targetStack, ActivityRecord target, Bundle targetOptions) { <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (targetStack == <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>) { targetStack = getFocusedStack(); } <span class="hljs-comment">// Do targetStack first.</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">boolean</span> result = <span class="hljs-keyword">false</span>; <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (isFrontStack(targetStack)) { result = targetStack.resumeTopActivityLocked(target, targetOptions); } ...ignore some code... <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> result; }</code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li><li>10</li><li>11</li><li>12</li><li>13</li><li>14</li><li>15</li></ul>
我…已无力吐槽了,又调回ActivityStack去了…
ActivityStack.resumeTopActivityLocked()
<code class="hljs java has-numbering"><span class="hljs-keyword">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">boolean</span> resumeTopActivityLocked(ActivityRecord prev, Bundle options) { <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (inResumeTopActivity) { <span class="hljs-comment">// Don't even start recursing.</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">false</span>; } <span class="hljs-keyword">boolean</span> result = <span class="hljs-keyword">false</span>; <span class="hljs-keyword">try</span> { <span class="hljs-comment">// Protect against recursion.</span> inResumeTopActivity = <span class="hljs-keyword">true</span>; result = resumeTopActivityInnerLocked(prev, options); } <span class="hljs-keyword">finally</span> { inResumeTopActivity = <span class="hljs-keyword">false</span>; } <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> result; }</code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li><li>10</li><li>11</li><li>12</li><li>13</li><li>14</li><li>15</li><li>16</li></ul>
咱们坚持住,看一下ActivityStack.resumeTopActivityInnerLocked()到底进行了什么操作
<code class="hljs lasso has-numbering"> final boolean resumeTopActivityInnerLocked(ActivityRecord prev, Bundle options) { <span class="hljs-attribute">...</span>ignore some code<span class="hljs-attribute">...</span> <span class="hljs-comment">//找出还没结束的首个ActivityRecord</span> ActivityRecord next <span class="hljs-subst">=</span> topRunningActivityLocked(<span class="hljs-built_in">null</span>); <span class="hljs-comment">//如果一个没结束的Activity都没有,就开启Launcher程序</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (next <span class="hljs-subst">==</span> <span class="hljs-built_in">null</span>) { ActivityOptions<span class="hljs-built_in">.</span><span class="hljs-keyword">abort</span>(options); <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (DEBUG_STATES) Slog<span class="hljs-built_in">.</span>d(<span class="hljs-built_in">TAG</span>, <span class="hljs-string">"resumeTopActivityLocked: No more activities go home"</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (DEBUG_STACK) mStackSupervisor<span class="hljs-built_in">.</span>validateTopActivitiesLocked(); <span class="hljs-comment">// Only resume home if on home display</span> final int returnTaskType <span class="hljs-subst">=</span> prevTask <span class="hljs-subst">==</span> <span class="hljs-built_in">null</span> <span class="hljs-subst">||</span> <span class="hljs-subst">!</span>prevTask<span class="hljs-built_in">.</span>isOverHomeStack() <span class="hljs-subst">?</span> HOME_ACTIVITY_TYPE : prevTask<span class="hljs-built_in">.</span>getTaskToReturnTo(); <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> isOnHomeDisplay() <span class="hljs-subst">&&</span> mStackSupervisor<span class="hljs-built_in">.</span>resumeHomeStackTask(returnTaskType, prev); } <span class="hljs-comment">//先需要暂停当前的Activity。因为我们是在Lancher中启动mainActivity,所以当前mResumedActivity!=null,调用startPausingLocked()使得Launcher进入Pausing状态</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (mResumedActivity <span class="hljs-subst">!=</span> <span class="hljs-built_in">null</span>) { pausing <span class="hljs-subst">|=</span> startPausingLocked(userLeaving, <span class="hljs-literal">false</span>, <span class="hljs-literal">true</span>, dontWaitForPause); <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (DEBUG_STATES) Slog<span class="hljs-built_in">.</span>d(<span class="hljs-built_in">TAG</span>, <span class="hljs-string">"resumeTopActivityLocked: Pausing "</span> <span class="hljs-subst">+</span> mResumedActivity); } }</code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li><li>10</li><li>11</li><li>12</li><li>13</li><li>14</li><li>15</li><li>16</li><li>17</li><li>18</li><li>19</li><li>20</li><li>21</li><li>22</li><li>23</li><li>24</li><li>25</li></ul>
在这个方法里,prev.app为记录启动Lancher进程的ProcessRecord,prev.app.thread为Lancher进程的远程调用接口IApplicationThead,所以可以调用prev.app.thread.schedulePauseActivity,到Lancher进程暂停指定Activity。
<code class="hljs java has-numbering"> <span class="hljs-keyword">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">boolean</span> startPausingLocked(<span class="hljs-keyword">boolean</span> userLeaving, <span class="hljs-keyword">boolean</span> uiSleeping, <span class="hljs-keyword">boolean</span> resuming, <span class="hljs-keyword">boolean</span> dontWait) { <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (mPausingActivity != <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>) { completePauseLocked(<span class="hljs-keyword">false</span>); } ...ignore some code... <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (prev.app != <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span> && prev.app.thread != <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>) <span class="hljs-keyword">try</span> { mService.updateUsageStats(prev, <span class="hljs-keyword">false</span>); prev.app.thread.schedulePauseActivity(prev.appToken, prev.finishing, userLeaving, prev.configChangeFlags, dontWait); } <span class="hljs-keyword">catch</span> (Exception e) { mPausingActivity = <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>; mLastPausedActivity = <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>; mLastNoHistoryActivity = <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>; } } <span class="hljs-keyword">else</span> { mPausingActivity = <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>; mLastPausedActivity = <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>; mLastNoHistoryActivity = <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>; } ...ignore some code... }</code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li><li>10</li><li>11</li><li>12</li><li>13</li><li>14</li><li>15</li><li>16</li><li>17</li><li>18</li><li>19</li><li>20</li><li>21</li><li>22</li><li>23</li><li>24</li><li>25</li><li>26</li><li>27</li></ul>
在Lancher进程中消息传递,调用ActivityThread.handlePauseActivity(),最终调用ActivityThread.performPauseActivity()暂停指定Activity。接着通过前面所说的Binder通信,通知AMS已经完成暂停的操作。
<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering">ActivityManagerNative<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.getDefault</span>()<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.activityPaused</span>(token).</code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li></ul>
上面这些调用过程非常复杂,源码中各种条件判断让人眼花缭乱,所以说如果你没记住也没关系,你只要记住这个流程,理解了Android在控制Activity生命周期时是如何操作,以及是通过哪几个关键的类进行操作的就可以了,以后遇到相关的问题之道从哪块下手即可,这些过程我虽然也是撸了一遍,但还是记不清。
最后来一张高清无码大图,方便大家记忆:
请戳这里(图片3.3M,请用电脑观看)
送给你们的彩蛋
不要使用 startActivityForResult(intent,RESULT_OK)
这是因为startActivity()是这样实现的
<code class="hljs cs has-numbering"><span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">startActivity</span>(Intent intent, @Nullable Bundle options) { <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (options != <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>) { startActivityForResult(intent, -<span class="hljs-number">1</span>, options); } <span class="hljs-keyword">else</span> { <span class="hljs-comment">// Note we want to go through this call for compatibility with</span> <span class="hljs-comment">// applications that may have overridden the method.</span> startActivityForResult(intent, -<span class="hljs-number">1</span>); } }</code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li></ul>
而
<code class="hljs java has-numbering"> <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> RESULT_OK = -<span class="hljs-number">1</span>;</code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li></ul>
所以
<code class="hljs erlang has-numbering"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-title">startActivityForResult</span><span class="hljs-params">(intent,<span class="hljs-variable">RESULT_OK</span>)</span> = <span class="hljs-title">startActivity</span><span class="hljs-params">()</span></span></code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li></ul>
你不可能从onActivityResult()里面收到任何回调。而这个问题是相当难以被发现的,就是因为这个坑,我工作一年多来第一次加班到9点 (ˇˍˇ)
一个App的程序入口到底是什么?
是ActivityThread.main()。
整个App的主线程的消息循环是在哪里创建的?
是在ActivityThread初始化的时候,就已经创建消息循环了,所以在主线程里面创建Handler不需要指定Looper,而如果在其他线程使用Handler,则需要单独使用Looper.prepare()和Looper.loop()创建消息循环。
<code class="hljs cs has-numbering"> <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">main</span>(String[] args) { ...ignore some code... Looper.prepareMainLooper(); ActivityThread thread = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> ActivityThread(); thread.attach(<span class="hljs-keyword">false</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (sMainThreadHandler == <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>) { sMainThreadHandler = thread.getHandler(); } AsyncTask.init(); <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword">false</span>) { Looper.myLooper().setMessageLogging(<span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> LogPrinter(Log.DEBUG, <span class="hljs-string">"ActivityThread"</span>)); } Looper.loop(); ...ignore some code... }</code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li><li>10</li><li>11</li><li>12</li><li>13</li><li>14</li><li>15</li><li>16</li><li>17</li><li>18</li><li>19</li><li>20</li><li>21</li><li>22</li><li>23</li><li>24</li><li>25</li></ul>
Application是在什么时候创建的?onCreate()什么时候调用的?
也是在ActivityThread.main()的时候,再具体点呢,就是在thread.attach(false)的时候。
看你的表情,不信是吧!凯子哥带你溜溜~
我们先看一下ActivityThread.attach()
<code class="hljs java has-numbering"><span class="hljs-keyword">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">attach</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword">boolean</span> system) { sCurrentActivityThread = <span class="hljs-keyword">this</span>; mSystemThread = system; <span class="hljs-comment">//普通App进这里</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (!system) { ...ignore some code... RuntimeInit.setApplicationObject(mAppThread.asBinder()); <span class="hljs-keyword">final</span> IActivityManager mgr = ActivityManagerNative.getDefault(); <span class="hljs-keyword">try</span> { mgr.attachApplication(mAppThread); } <span class="hljs-keyword">catch</span> (RemoteException ex) { <span class="hljs-comment">// Ignore</span> } } <span class="hljs-keyword">else</span> { <span class="hljs-comment">//这个分支在SystemServer加载的时候会进入,通过调用</span> <span class="hljs-comment">// private void createSystemContext() {</span> <span class="hljs-comment">// ActivityThread activityThread = ActivityThread.systemMain();</span> <span class="hljs-comment">//} </span> <span class="hljs-comment">// public static ActivityThread systemMain() {</span> <span class="hljs-comment">// if (!ActivityManager.isHighEndGfx()) {</span> <span class="hljs-comment">// HardwareRenderer.disable(true);</span> <span class="hljs-comment">// } else {</span> <span class="hljs-comment">// HardwareRenderer.enableForegroundTrimming();</span> <span class="hljs-comment">// }</span> <span class="hljs-comment">// ActivityThread thread = new ActivityThread();</span> <span class="hljs-comment">// thread.attach(true);</span> <span class="hljs-comment">// return thread;</span> <span class="hljs-comment">// } </span> } }</code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li><li>10</li><li>11</li><li>12</li><li>13</li><li>14</li><li>15</li><li>16</li><li>17</li><li>18</li><li>19</li><li>20</li><li>21</li><li>22</li><li>23</li><li>24</li><li>25</li><li>26</li><li>27</li><li>28</li><li>29</li><li>30</li><li>31</li><li>32</li><li>33</li></ul>
这里需要关注的就是mgr.attachApplication(mAppThread),这个就会通过Binder调用到AMS里面对应的方法
<code class="hljs java has-numbering"><span class="hljs-annotation">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">attachApplication</span>(IApplicationThread thread) { <span class="hljs-keyword">synchronized</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword">this</span>) { <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> callingPid = Binder.getCallingPid(); <span class="hljs-keyword">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">long</span> origId = Binder.clearCallingIdentity(); attachApplicationLocked(thread, callingPid); Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(origId); } }</code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li></ul>
然后就是
<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering"> private final boolean attachApplicationLocked(IApplicationThread thread, int pid) { thread<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.bindApplication</span>(processName, appInfo, providers, app<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.instrumentationClass</span>, profilerInfo, app<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.instrumentationArguments</span>, app<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.instrumentationWatcher</span>, app<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.instrumentationUiAutomationConnection</span>, testMode, enableOpenGlTrace, isRestrictedBackupMode || !normalMode, app<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.persistent</span>, new Configuration(mConfiguration), app<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.compat</span>, getCommonServicesLocked(), mCoreSettingsObserver<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.getCoreSettingsLocked</span>())<span class="hljs-comment">;</span> }</code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li><li>10</li><li>11</li><li>12</li><li>13</li></ul>
thread是IApplicationThread,实际上就是ApplicationThread在服务端的代理类ApplicationThreadProxy,然后又通过IPC就会调用到ApplicationThread的对应方法
<code class="hljs haskell has-numbering"><span class="hljs-title">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-type">ApplicationThread</span> extends <span class="hljs-type">ApplicationThreadNative</span> { public final void bindApplication(<span class="hljs-type">String</span> processName, <span class="hljs-type">ApplicationInfo</span> appInfo, <span class="hljs-type">List</span><<span class="hljs-type">ProviderInfo</span>> providers, <span class="hljs-type">ComponentName</span> instrumentationName, <span class="hljs-type">ProfilerInfo</span> profilerInfo, <span class="hljs-type">Bundle</span> instrumentationArgs, <span class="hljs-type">IInstrumentationWatcher</span> instrumentationWatcher, <span class="hljs-type">IUiAutomationConnection</span> instrumentationUiConnection, int debugMode, boolean enableOpenGlTrace, boolean isRestrictedBackupMode, boolean persistent, <span class="hljs-type">Configuration</span> config, <span class="hljs-type">CompatibilityInfo</span> compatInfo, <span class="hljs-type">Map</span><<span class="hljs-type">String</span>, <span class="hljs-type">IBinder</span>> services, <span class="hljs-type">Bundle</span> coreSettings) { ...ignore some code... <span class="hljs-type">AppBindData</span> <span class="hljs-typedef"><span class="hljs-keyword">data</span> = new <span class="hljs-type">AppBindData</span><span class="hljs-container">()</span>;</span> <span class="hljs-typedef"><span class="hljs-keyword">data</span>.processName = processName;</span> <span class="hljs-typedef"><span class="hljs-keyword">data</span>.appInfo = appInfo;</span> <span class="hljs-typedef"><span class="hljs-keyword">data</span>.providers = providers;</span> <span class="hljs-typedef"><span class="hljs-keyword">data</span>.instrumentationName = instrumentationName;</span> <span class="hljs-typedef"><span class="hljs-keyword">data</span>.instrumentationArgs = instrumentationArgs;</span> <span class="hljs-typedef"><span class="hljs-keyword">data</span>.instrumentationWatcher = instrumentationWatcher;</span> <span class="hljs-typedef"><span class="hljs-keyword">data</span>.instrumentationUiAutomationConnection = instrumentationUiConnection;</span> <span class="hljs-typedef"><span class="hljs-keyword">data</span>.debugMode = debugMode;</span> <span class="hljs-typedef"><span class="hljs-keyword">data</span>.enableOpenGlTrace = enableOpenGlTrace;</span> <span class="hljs-typedef"><span class="hljs-keyword">data</span>.restrictedBackupMode = isRestrictedBackupMode;</span> <span class="hljs-typedef"><span class="hljs-keyword">data</span>.persistent = persistent;</span> <span class="hljs-typedef"><span class="hljs-keyword">data</span>.config = config;</span> <span class="hljs-typedef"><span class="hljs-keyword">data</span>.compatInfo = compatInfo;</span> <span class="hljs-typedef"><span class="hljs-keyword">data</span>.initProfilerInfo = profilerInfo;</span> sendMessage(<span class="hljs-type">H</span>.<span class="hljs-type">BIND_APPLICATION</span>, <span class="hljs-typedef"><span class="hljs-keyword">data</span>);</span> } }</code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li><li>10</li><li>11</li><li>12</li><li>13</li><li>14</li><li>15</li><li>16</li><li>17</li><li>18</li><li>19</li><li>20</li><li>21</li><li>22</li><li>23</li><li>24</li><li>25</li><li>26</li><li>27</li><li>28</li><li>29</li><li>30</li><li>31</li><li>32</li><li>33</li></ul>
我们需要关注的其实就是最后的sendMessage(),里面有函数的编号H.BIND_APPLICATION,然后这个Messge会被H这个Handler处理
<code class="hljs java has-numbering"> <span class="hljs-keyword">private</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">H</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title">Handler</span> {</span> ...ignore some code... <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> BIND_APPLICATION = <span class="hljs-number">110</span>; ...ignore some code... <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">handleMessage</span>(Message msg) { <span class="hljs-keyword">switch</span> (msg.what) { ...ignore some code... <span class="hljs-keyword">case</span> BIND_APPLICATION: Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, <span class="hljs-string">"bindApplication"</span>); AppBindData data = (AppBindData)msg.obj; handleBindApplication(data); Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER); <span class="hljs-keyword">break</span>; ...ignore some code... } }</code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li><li>10</li><li>11</li><li>12</li><li>13</li><li>14</li><li>15</li><li>16</li><li>17</li><li>18</li><li>19</li><li>20</li></ul>
最后就在下面这个方法中,完成了实例化,拨那个企鹅通过mInstrumentation.callApplicationOnCreate实现了onCreate()的调用。
<code class="hljs cs has-numbering"> <span class="hljs-keyword">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">handleBindApplication</span>(AppBindData data) { <span class="hljs-keyword">try</span> { ...ignore some code... Application app = data.info.makeApplication(data.restrictedBackupMode, <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>); mInitialApplication = app; ...ignore some code... <span class="hljs-keyword">try</span> { mInstrumentation.onCreate(data.instrumentationArgs); } <span class="hljs-keyword">catch</span> (Exception e) { } <span class="hljs-keyword">try</span> { mInstrumentation.callApplicationOnCreate(app); } <span class="hljs-keyword">catch</span> (Exception e) { } } <span class="hljs-keyword">finally</span> { StrictMode.setThreadPolicy(savedPolicy); } }</code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li><li>10</li><li>11</li><li>12</li><li>13</li><li>14</li><li>15</li><li>16</li><li>17</li><li>18</li><li>19</li><li>20</li><li>21</li><li>22</li><li>23</li></ul>
data.info是一个LoadeApk对象。
LoadeApk.data.info.makeApplication()
<code class="hljs java has-numbering"> <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> Application <span class="hljs-title">makeApplication</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword">boolean</span> forceDefaultAppClass, Instrumentation instrumentation) { <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (mApplication != <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>) { <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> mApplication; } Application app = <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>; String appClass = mApplicationInfo.className; <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (forceDefaultAppClass || (appClass == <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>)) { appClass = <span class="hljs-string">"android.app.Application"</span>; } <span class="hljs-keyword">try</span> { java.lang.ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader(); <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (!mPackageName.equals(<span class="hljs-string">"android"</span>)) { initializeJavaContextClassLoader(); } ContextImpl appContext = ContextImpl.createAppContext(mActivityThread, <span class="hljs-keyword">this</span>); app = mActivityThread.mInstrumentation.newApplication( cl, appClass, appContext); appContext.setOuterContext(app); } <span class="hljs-keyword">catch</span> (Exception e) { } mActivityThread.mAllApplications.add(app); mApplication = app; <span class="hljs-comment">//传进来的是null,所以这里不会执行,onCreate在上一层执行</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (instrumentation != <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>) { <span class="hljs-keyword">try</span> { instrumentation.callApplicationOnCreate(app); } <span class="hljs-keyword">catch</span> (Exception e) { } } ...ignore some code... } <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> app; }</code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li><li>10</li><li>11</li><li>12</li><li>13</li><li>14</li><li>15</li><li>16</li><li>17</li><li>18</li><li>19</li><li>20</li><li>21</li><li>22</li><li>23</li><li>24</li><li>25</li><li>26</li><li>27</li><li>28</li><li>29</li><li>30</li><li>31</li><li>32</li><li>33</li><li>34</li><li>35</li><li>36</li><li>37</li><li>38</li><li>39</li><li>40</li></ul>
所以最后还是通过Instrumentation.makeApplication()实例化的,这个老板娘真的很厉害呀!
<code class="hljs java has-numbering"><span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> Application <span class="hljs-title">newApplication</span>(Class<?> clazz, Context context) <span class="hljs-keyword">throws</span> InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, ClassNotFoundException { Application app = (Application)clazz.newInstance(); app.attach(context); <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> app; }</code><ul style="display: block;" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li></ul>
而且通过反射拿到Application对象之后,直接调用attach(),所以attach()调用是在onCreate()之前的。
参考文章
下面的这些文章都是这方面比较精品的,希望你抽出时间研究,这可能需要花费很长时间,但是如果你想进阶为中高级开发者,这一步是必须的。
再次感谢下面这些文章的作者的分享精神。
Binder
- Android Bander设计与实现 - 设计篇
zygote
- Android系统进程Zygote启动过程的源代码分析
- Android 之 zygote 与进程创建
- Zygote浅谈
ActivityThread、Instrumentation、AMS
- Android Activity.startActivity流程简介
- Android应用程序进程启动过程的源代码分析
- 框架层理解Activity生命周期(APP启动过程)
- Android应用程序窗口设计框架介绍
- ActivityManagerService分析一:AMS的启动
- Android应用程序窗口设计框架介绍
Launcher
- Android 4.0 Launcher源码分析系列(一)
- Android Launcher分析和修改9——Launcher启动APP流程
结语
OK,到这里,这篇文章算是告一段落了,我们再回头看看一开始的几个问题,你还困惑吗?
- 一个App是怎么启动起来的?
- App的程序入口到底是哪里?
- Launcher到底是什么神奇的东西?
- 听说还有个AMS的东西,它是做什么的?
- Binder是什么?他是如何进行IPC通信的?
- Activity生命周期到底是什么时候调用的?被谁调用的?
再回过头来看看这些类,你还迷惑吗?
- ActivityManagerServices,简称AMS,服务端对象,负责系统中所有Activity的生命周期
- ActivityThread,App的真正入口。当开启App之后,会调用main()开始运行,开启消息循环队列,这就是传说中的UI线程或者叫主线程。与ActivityManagerServices配合,一起完成Activity的管理工作
- ApplicationThread,用来实现ActivityManagerService与ActivityThread之间的交互。在ActivityManagerService需要管理相关Application中的Activity的生命周期时,通过ApplicationThread的代理对象与ActivityThread通讯。
- ApplicationThreadProxy,是ApplicationThread在服务器端的代理,负责和客户端的ApplicationThread通讯。AMS就是通过该代理与ActivityThread进行通信的。
- Instrumentation,每一个应用程序只有一个Instrumentation对象,每个Activity内都有一个对该对象的引用。Instrumentation可以理解为应用进程的管家,ActivityThread要创建或暂停某个Activity时,都需要通过Instrumentation来进行具体的操作。
- ActivityStack,Activity在AMS的栈管理,用来记录已经启动的Activity的先后关系,状态信息等。通过ActivityStack决定是否需要启动新的进程。
- ActivityRecord,ActivityStack的管理对象,每个Activity在AMS对应一个ActivityRecord,来记录Activity的状态以及其他的管理信息。其实就是服务器端的Activity对象的映像。
- TaskRecord,AMS抽象出来的一个“任务”的概念,是记录ActivityRecord的栈,一个“Task”包含若干个ActivityRecord。AMS用TaskRecord确保Activity启动和退出的顺序。如果你清楚Activity的4种launchMode,那么对这个概念应该不陌生。
如果你还感到迷惑的话,就把这篇文章多读几遍吧,信息量可能比较多,需要慢慢消化~
最后
以上就是迷路小笼包为你收集整理的【凯子哥带你学Framework】Activity启动过程全解析前言学习目标写作方式主要对象功能介绍主要流程介绍送给你们的彩蛋参考文章结语的全部内容,希望文章能够帮你解决【凯子哥带你学Framework】Activity启动过程全解析前言学习目标写作方式主要对象功能介绍主要流程介绍送给你们的彩蛋参考文章结语所遇到的程序开发问题。
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