概述
1.背景
(1)软件开发过程中集合排序是比较强大的功能,会使用集合Map、Set、List实现排序功能,知道匿名内部类Comparator很关键,搞清楚集合排序的性能开销,排序遇到的坑以及解决的方法,注意下面的例子都是JDK1.8的用法。
2.LIst集合排序
(1)UML类图
(2)重点分析下ArrayList的排序,毕竟实战开发用的最频繁的就是它了
3.第一种做法
介绍:这种叫定制排序,或自定义排序,需编写匿名内部类,先new一个Comparator接口的比较器对象c,同时实现compare()其方法;
然后将比较器对象c传给Collections.sort()方法的参数列表中,实现排序功能;一般用这种的比较多。
(1)实体类(private int id)
public class Person{
private int id;
private String name;
private String address;
public Person(int id, String name, String address) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.address = address;
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Person{" +
"id='" + id + ''' +
", name='" + name + ''' +
", address='" + address + ''' +
'}';
}
}
(2)测试类
public class ArrayListTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<Person> list=Lists.newArrayList();
//产生10以内的随机数
int num = (int)(Math.random()*1000+1);
for(int i=num;i>0;i--){
list.add(new Person(i,"张三","河南"));
}
for(Object o : list){
System.out.println(o);
}
System.out.println("++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++");
Collections.sort(list, new Comparator<Person>() {
@Override
public int compare(Person o1, Person o2) {
if (o1.getId() > o2.getId()) {
return 1;
} else if (o1.getId() < o2.getId()) {
return -1;
}
return 0;
}
});
for(Object o : list){
System.out.println(o);
}
}
}
(3)结果(升序)
Person{id='10', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='9', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='8', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='7', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='6', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='5', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='4', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='3', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='2', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='1', name='张三', address='河南'}
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Person{id='1', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='2', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='3', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='4', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='5', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='6', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='7', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='8', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='9', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='10', name='张三', address='河南'}
4.第二中做法
(1)实体类(private String id)
public class Person{
private String id;
private String name;
private String address;
public Person(String id, String name, String address) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.address = address;
}
public String getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Person{" +
"id='" + id + ''' +
", name='" + name + ''' +
", address='" + address + ''' +
'}';
}
}
(2)测试类
public class ArrayListTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<Person> list=Lists.newArrayList();
//产生10以内的随机数
int num = (int)(Math.random()*100+1);
for(int i=num;i>0;i--){
list.add(new Person(""+i,"张三","河南"));
}
for(Object o : list){
System.out.println(o);
}
System.out.println("++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++");
Collections.sort(list, new Comparator<Person>() {
@Override
public int compare(Person o1, Person o2) {
return new Double(o1.getId()).compareTo(new Double(o2.getId()));
}
});
for(Object o : list){
System.out.println(o);
}
}
}
(3)结果
Person{id='10', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='9', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='8', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='7', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='6', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='5', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='4', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='3', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='2', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='1', name='张三', address='河南'}
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Person{id='1', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='2', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='3', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='4', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='5', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='6', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='7', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='8', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='9', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='10', name='张三', address='河南'}
5.第三种做法
另外一种称为自然排序,参与排序的对象需实现comparable接口,重写其compareTo()方法,方法体中实现对象的比较大小规则。
(1)实体类
public class Person implements Comparable{
private String id;
private String name;
private String address;
public Person(String id, String name, String address) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.address = address;
}
public String getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Person{" +
"id='" + id + ''' +
", name='" + name + ''' +
", address='" + address + ''' +
'}';
}
@Override
public int compareTo(Object o) {
if (o instanceof Person){
Person o1 = (Person)o;
return new Double(this.getId()).compareTo(new Double(o1.getId()));
}
throw new ClassCastException("不能转换为Person类型的对象...");
}
}
(2)测试类
public class ArrayListTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<Person> list=Lists.newArrayList();
//产生10以内的随机数
int num = (int)(Math.random()*100+1);
for(int i=num;i>0;i--){
list.add(new Person(""+i,"张三","河南"));
}
for(Object o : list){
System.out.println(o);
}
System.out.println("++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++");
Collections.sort(list);
for(Object o : list){
System.out.println(o);
}
}
}
(3)结果
Person{id='10', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='9', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='8', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='7', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='6', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='5', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='4', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='3', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='2', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='1', name='张三', address='河南'}
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Person{id='1', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='2', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='3', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='4', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='5', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='6', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='7', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='8', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='9', name='张三', address='河南'}
Person{id='10', name='张三', address='河南'}
最后
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