概述
上一篇:SpringCloud 2020-OpenFeign服务接口调用(笔记)
Hystrix断路器
- 1、概述
- 2、Hystrix重要概念
- 3、hystrix案例
- 3.1 构建
- 3.2 高并发测试(搞事情【滑稽】)
- 3.3 80端口加入高并发测试
- 3.4 服务降级(@HystrixCommand)
- 3.4.1 8001和8002实现服务降级
- 3.4.2 cloud-consumer-feign-hystrix-order80端实现服务降级
- 3.4.3 解决兜底方法代码膨胀问题
- 3.4.4 解决兜底方法代码混乱问题
- 3.5 服务熔断
- 3.5.1 概念
- 3.5.2 实现服务熔断
- 3.5.3 总结
- 3.6 服务限流(暂无)
- 4、hystrix工作流程
- 5、服务监控hystrixDashboard
- 5.1 搭建hystrixDashboard平台
- 5.2 断路器演示
- 6、下一篇:SpringCloud 2020-Gateway新一代网关(笔记)
- 视频地址:
Hystrix在消费侧和服务侧都能添加
1、概述
1、分布式系统面临的问题
2、是什么:
3、能干嘛:服务降级、服务熔断、接近实时的监控
4、官网资料:https://github.com/Netflix/Hystrix/wiki/How-To-Use
5、Hystrix官宣,停更进维:https://github.com/Netflix/Hystrix
2、Hystrix重要概念
3、hystrix案例
3.1 构建
1、新建cloud-provider-hystrix-payment8001
2、POM
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
<groupId>com.liukai.springcloud</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>cloud-provider-hystrix-payment8001</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<!--新增hystrix-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.liukai.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
<version>${project.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
3、YML
server:
port: 8001
eureka:
client:
register-with-eureka: true #表识不向注册中心注册自己
fetch-registry: true #表示自己就是注册中心,职责是维护服务实例,并不需要去检索服务
service-url:
# defaultZone: http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka/ #设置与eureka server交互的地址查询服务和注册服务都需要依赖这个地址
defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka #集群版
# server:
# enable-self-preservation: false
spring:
application:
name: cloud-provider-hystrix-payment
# eviction-interval-timer-in-ms: 2000
4、主启动PaymentHystrixMain8001
package com.liukai.springcloud;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
/**
* @author liukai
* @version 1.0.0
* @ClassName PaymentHystrixMain8001.java
* @Description TODO
* @createTime 2021年03月22日 20:25:00
*/
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
public class PaymentHystrixMain8001 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(PaymentHystrixMain8001.class);
}
}
5、业务类service,新建service包,下面新建PaymentService类
package com.liukai.springcloud.service;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
/**
* @author liukai
* @version 1.0.0
* @ClassName PaymentService.java
* @Description TODO
* @createTime 2021年03月22日 20:27:00
*/
@Service
public class PaymentService {
//成功
public String paymentInfo_OK(Integer id) {
return "线程池:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " paymentInfo_OK,id: " + id + "t" + "哈哈哈";
}
//失败
public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(Integer id) {
int timeNumber = 3;
try {
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(timeNumber);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "线程池:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " paymentInfo_TimeOut,id: " + id + "t" + "呜呜呜" + " 耗时(秒)" + timeNumber;
}
}
6、业务类controller,新建controller包,下面新建PaymentService类
package com.liukai.springcloud.controller;
import com.liukai.springcloud.service.PaymentService;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
/**
* @author liukai
* @version 1.0.0
* @ClassName PaymentController.java
* @Description TODO
* @createTime 2021年03月22日 20:28:00
*/
@RestController
@Slf4j
public class PaymentController {
@Resource
private PaymentService paymentService;
@Value("${server.port}")
private String serverPort;
@GetMapping("/payment/hystrix/ok/{id}")
public String paymentInfo_OK(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
String result = paymentService.paymentInfo_OK(id);
log.info("*******result:"+result);
return result;
}
@GetMapping("/payment/hystrix/timeout/{id}")
public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
String result = paymentService.paymentInfo_TimeOut(id);
log.info("*******result:"+result);
return result;
}
}
7、按照以上步骤新建cloud-provider-hystrix-payment8002,将端口改为8002
8、正常测试,依次启动7001,7002,8001,8002
访问 http://localhost:8001/payment/hystrix/ok/31
http://localhost:8001/payment/hystrix/timeout/31
8001自测通过,同理访问8002进行自测
3.2 高并发测试(搞事情【滑稽】)
以上述为根基平台,从正确->错误->降级熔断->恢复
1、Jmeter压测测试:Jmeter下载
2、解压双击jmeter.bat
Ctrl + s保存
3、访问http://localhost:8001/payment/hystrix/ok/31 ,本来之前不用等待,可以直接得到结果,但是现在需要等待了。
原因:tomcat的默认的工作线程数被打满了,没有多余的线程来分解压力和处理。
4、结果:上面还是服务提供者8001自己测试,假如此时外部的消费者80也来访问,那消费者只能干等,最终导致消费端80不满意,服务端8001直接被拖死
3.3 80端口加入高并发测试
1、新建cloud-consumer-feign-hystrix-order80
2、POM
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
<groupId>com.liukai.springcloud</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>cloud-consumer-feign-hystrix-order80</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<!--新增hystrix-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.liukai.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
<version>${project.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
3、YML
server:
port: 80
eureka:
client:
register-with-eureka: true #表识不向注册中心注册自己
fetch-registry: true #表示自己就是注册中心,职责是维护服务实例,并不需要去检索服务
service-url:
defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka #集群版
# defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/
spring:
application:
name: cloud-provider-hystrix-order
4、主启动类OrderHystrixMain80
package com.liukai.springcloud;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;
/**
* @author liukai
* @version 1.0.0
* @ClassName OrderHystrixMain80.java
* @Description TODO
* @createTime 2021年03月22日 21:41:00
*/
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableFeignClients
public class OrderHystrixMain80 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(OrderHystrixMain80.class,args);
}
}
5、80端口新建service包,下面新建PaymentService 类
package com.liukai.springcloud.service;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
/**
* @author liukai
* @version 1.0.0
* @ClassName PaymentHystrixService.java
* @Description TODO
* @createTime 2021年03月22日 21:43:00
*/
@Component
@FeignClient(value = "CLOUD-PROVIDER-HYSTRIX-PAYMENT")
public interface PaymentHystrixService {
@GetMapping("/payment/hystrix/ok/{id}")
public String paymentInfo_OK(@PathVariable("id") Integer id);
@GetMapping("/payment/hystrix/timeout/{id}")
public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(@PathVariable("id") Integer id);
}
6、80端口新建controller包,下面新建OrderHystrixController类
package com.liukai.springcloud.controller;
import com.liukai.springcloud.service.PaymentHystrixService;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
/**
* @author liukai
* @version 1.0.0
* @ClassName OrderHystrixController.java
* @Description TODO
* @createTime 2021年03月22日 21:45:00
*/
@RestController
@Slf4j
public class OrderHystrixController {
@Resource
private PaymentHystrixService paymentHystrixService;
@Value("${server.port}")
private String serverPort;
@GetMapping("/consumer/payment/hystrix/ok/{id}")
public String paymentInfo_OK(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
String result = paymentHystrixService.paymentInfo_OK(id);
log.info("*******result:"+result);
return result;
}
@GetMapping("/consumer/payment/hystrix/timeout/{id}")
public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
String result = paymentHystrixService.paymentInfo_TimeOut(id);
log.info("*******result:"+result);
return result;
}
}
7、测试:访问 http://localhost/consumer/payment/hystrix/ok/31
多访问几次,会发现端口号在 8001和8002之间变化
在jmeter中刚才的线程池中新建一个HTTP REQUEST,访问8002端口
然后启动jmeter,浏览器访问 http://localhost/consumer/payment/hystrix/ok/31,可以发现无论consumer访问返回的是哪一个端口,都会等待一会儿。有可能会出现如下错误
3.4 服务降级(@HystrixCommand)
3.4.1 8001和8002实现服务降级
设置自身调用超时时间的峰值,峰值内可以正常运行,超过了需要有兜底的方法处理,作服务降级fallback
1、修改8001和8002端口的PaymentService类,为paymentInfo_TimeOut方法添加以下注解
2、新建方法paymentInfo_TimeOutHandler作为paymentInfo_TimeOut出问题的兜底方法,即:当paymentInfo_TimeOutHandler出问题就会访问paymentInfo_TimeOutHandler方法,在里面返回数据给调用方。
@Value("${server.port}")
private String serverPort;
//失败
@HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "paymentInfo_TimeOutHandler",
commandProperties = {
@HystrixProperty(name = "execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds", value = "3000") //3秒钟以内就是正常的业务逻辑
})
public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(Integer id) {
int timeNumber = 5;
try {
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(timeNumber);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "线程池:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " paymentInfo_TimeOut,端口: " + serverPort + "t" + "呜呜呜" + " 耗时(秒)" + timeNumber;
}
public String paymentInfo_TimeOutHandler(Integer id) {
return "线程池:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 系统繁忙请稍后再试,端口: " + serverPort + "t" + "超时呜呜呜";
}
3、主启动类添加@EnableCircuitBreaker注解
4、测试,访问 http://localhost:8001/payment/hystrix/timeout/31
等几秒之后,返回以下数据,控制台也会抛出异常,同理访问8002端口,结果一样。
添加一个10/0的异常,还是会执行paymentInfo_TimeOutHandler这个兜底方法
一旦调用服务方法失败并抛出了错误信息后,会自动调用@HystrixCommand标注好的fallbackMethod调用类中的指定方法
3.4.2 cloud-consumer-feign-hystrix-order80端实现服务降级
80订单微服务,也可以更好的保护自己,自己也依样画葫芦进行客户端降级保护
我们自己配置过的热部署方式对java代码的改动明显,但对@HystrixCommand内属性的修改建议重启微服务
1、修改cloud-consumer-feign-hystrix-order80的yml文件
feign:
hystrix:
enabled: true #如果处理自身的容错就开启。开启方式与生产端不一样。
2、cloud-consumer-feign-hystrix-order80的主启动类添加@EnableHystrix注解
3、修改业务类OrderHystrixController
package com.liukai.springcloud.controller;
import com.liukai.springcloud.service.PaymentHystrixService;
import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.HystrixCommand;
import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.HystrixProperty;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
/**
* @author liukai
* @version 1.0.0
* @ClassName OrderHystrixController.java
* @Description TODO
* @createTime 2021年03月22日 21:45:00
*/
@RestController
@Slf4j
public class OrderHystrixController {
@Resource
private PaymentHystrixService paymentHystrixService;
@Value("${server.port}")
private String serverPort;
@GetMapping("/consumer/payment/hystrix/ok/{id}")
public String paymentInfo_OK(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
String result = paymentHystrixService.paymentInfo_OK(id);
log.info("*******result:"+result);
return result;
}
// @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/hystrix/timeout/{id}")
// public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
// String result = paymentHystrixService.paymentInfo_TimeOut(id);
// log.info("*******result:"+result);
// return result;
// }
@GetMapping("/consumer/payment/hystrix/timeout/{id}")
@HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "paymentTimeOutFallbackMethod",commandProperties = {
@HystrixProperty(name = "execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds",value = "1500") //3秒钟以内就是正常的业务逻辑
})
public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
String result = paymentHystrixService.paymentInfo_TimeOut(id);
return result;
}
//兜底方法
public String paymentTimeOutFallbackMethod(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
return "我是消费者80,对付支付系统繁忙请10秒钟后再试或者自己运行出错请检查自己,(┬_┬)";
}
}
4、测试: 访问 http://localhost/consumer/payment/hystrix/timeout/31
3.4.3 解决兜底方法代码膨胀问题
问题:每一个方法都单独写一个兜底的方法,不仅兜底方法和逻辑方法混杂在一起,而且还会写多个兜底方法
解决办法:写一个全局的兜底方法,使用@DefaultProperties(defaultFallback注解
1、修改cloud-consumer-feign-hystrix-order80的controller
package com.liukai.springcloud.controller;
import com.liukai.springcloud.service.PaymentHystrixService;
import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.DefaultProperties;
import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.HystrixCommand;
import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.HystrixProperty;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
/**
* @author liukai
* @version 1.0.0
* @ClassName OrderHystrixController.java
* @Description TODO
* @createTime 2021年03月22日 21:45:00
*/
@RestController
@Slf4j
@DefaultProperties(defaultFallback = "payment_Global_FallbackMethod")
public class OrderHystrixController {
@Resource
private PaymentHystrixService paymentHystrixService;
@Value("${server.port}")
private String serverPort;
@GetMapping("/consumer/payment/hystrix/ok/{id}")
public String paymentInfo_OK(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
String result = paymentHystrixService.paymentInfo_OK(id);
log.info("*******result:"+result);
return result;
}
// @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/hystrix/timeout/{id}")
// public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
// String result = paymentHystrixService.paymentInfo_TimeOut(id);
// log.info("*******result:"+result);
// return result;
// }
@GetMapping("/consumer/payment/hystrix/timeout/{id}")
@HystrixCommand()
// @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "paymentTimeOutFallbackMethod",commandProperties = {
// @HystrixProperty(name = "execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds",value = "1500") //3秒钟以内就是正常的业务逻辑
// })
public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
String result = paymentHystrixService.paymentInfo_TimeOut(id);
return result;
}
//兜底方法
public String paymentTimeOutFallbackMethod(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
return "我是消费者80,对付支付系统繁忙请10秒钟后再试或者自己运行出错请检查自己,(┬_┬)";
}
//下面是全局fallback兜底方法
public String payment_Global_FallbackMethod(){
return "Global异常处理信息,请稍后再试,(┬_┬)";
}
}
2、测试: 依次启动7001,7002,8001,8002,80。访问:http://localhost/consumer/payment/hystrix/timeout/31
可以发现全局全局兜底方法设置成功
3.4.4 解决兜底方法代码混乱问题
1、修改cloud-consumer-feign-hystrix-order80
根据cloud-consumer-feign-hystrix-order80已经有的PaymentHystrixService接口,重新新建一个类(PaymentFallbackService)实现该接口,统一为接口里面的方法进行异常处理。即调用服务的时候出现异常,就交给该方法的具体实现去处理异常。
package com.liukai.springcloud.service;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/**
* @author liukai
* @version 1.0.0
* @ClassName PaymentFallbackService.java
* @Description TODO
* @createTime 2021年03月23日 00:51:00
*/
@Component
public class PaymentFallbackService implements PaymentHystrixService {
@Override
public String paymentInfo_OK(Integer id) {
return "-----PaymentFallbackService fall back-paymentInfo_OK , (┬_┬)";
}
@Override
public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(Integer id) {
return "-----PaymentFallbackService fall back-paymentInfo_TimeOut , (┬_┬)";
}
}
2、修改PaymentHystrixService接口
package com.liukai.springcloud.service;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
/**
* @author liukai
* @version 1.0.0
* @ClassName PaymentHystrixService.java
* @Description TODO
* @createTime 2021年03月22日 21:43:00
*/
@Component
@FeignClient(value = "CLOUD-PROVIDER-HYSTRIX-PAYMENT",fallback = PaymentFallbackService.class)
public interface PaymentHystrixService {
@GetMapping("/payment/hystrix/ok/{id}")
public String paymentInfo_OK(@PathVariable("id") Integer id);
@GetMapping("/payment/hystrix/timeout/{id}")
public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(@PathVariable("id") Integer id);
}
3、测试:依次启动7001,7002,8001,8002,80。访问 http://localhost/consumer/payment/hystrix/ok/31
可以发现访问正常。关闭8001,8002,再次访问上面的连接。
因为8001,8002没有启动,相当于宕机了,此时任何访问抛出异常。
3.5 服务熔断
3.5.1 概念
是什么
大神论文https://martinfowler.com/bliki/CircuitBreaker.html
3.5.2 实现服务熔断
1、修改cloud-provider-hystrix-payment8001
2、修改PaymentService
package com.liukai.springcloud.service;
import cn.hutool.core.util.IdUtil;
import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.HystrixCommand;
import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.HystrixProperty;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
/**
* @author liukai
* @version 1.0.0
* @ClassName PaymentService.java
* @Description TODO
* @createTime 2021年03月22日 20:27:00
*/
@Service
public class PaymentService {
@Value("${server.port}")
private String serverPort;
//成功
public String paymentInfo_OK(Integer id) {
return "线程池:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " paymentInfo_OK,id: " + id + "t" + "哈哈哈";
}
//失败
@HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "paymentInfo_TimeOutHandler",
commandProperties = {
@HystrixProperty(name = "execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds", value = "3000") //3秒钟以内就是正常的业务逻辑
})
public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(Integer id) {
int timeNumber = 5;
try {
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(timeNumber);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "线程池:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " paymentInfo_TimeOut,端口: " + serverPort + "t" + "呜呜呜" + " 耗时(秒)" + timeNumber;
}
public String paymentInfo_TimeOutHandler(Integer id) {
return "线程池:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 系统繁忙请稍后再试,端口: " + serverPort + "t" + "超时呜呜呜";
}
//服务熔断
@HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "paymentCircuitBreaker_fallback",commandProperties = {
@HystrixProperty(name = "circuitBreaker.enabled",value = "true"), //是否开启断路器
@HystrixProperty(name = "circuitBreaker.requestVolumeThreshold",value = "10"), //请求次数
@HystrixProperty(name = "circuitBreaker.sleepWindowInMilliseconds",value = "10000"), //时间范围
@HystrixProperty(name = "circuitBreaker.errorThresholdPercentage",value = "60"), //失败率达到多少后跳闸
// 上述意思就是开启服务熔断,在10秒内,请求10此失败率达到60%以上熔断器打开,此时拒绝访问,
// 同样,在接下来的10秒内,熔断器半开状态,如果可以访问的错误率达到60%以下,就开始放行,关闭熔断器,
})
public String paymentCircuitBreaker(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
if (id < 0){
throw new RuntimeException("*****id 不能负数");
}
String serialNumber = IdUtil.simpleUUID();
return Thread.currentThread().getName()+"t"+"调用成功,流水号:"+serialNumber;
}
public String paymentCircuitBreaker_fallback(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
return "id 不能负数,请稍候再试,(┬_┬)/~~ id: " +id;
}
}
3、为什么@HystrixProperty后面配置这些参数
在HystrixCommandProperties这个类里面可以查看可以配置哪些参数
4、修改PaymentController,添加如下方法
//===服务熔断
@GetMapping("/payment/circuit/{id}")
public String paymentCircuitBreaker(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
String result = paymentService.paymentCircuitBreaker(id);
log.info("*******result:"+result);
return result;
}
5、测试:自测cloud-provider-hystrix-payment8001,启动7001,7002,8001。访问 http://localhost:8001/payment/circuit/31
访问 http://localhost:8001/payment/circuit/-31
重点测试: 多次错误,然后慢慢正确,发现刚开始不满足条件,就算是正确的访问地址也不能进行访问,需要慢慢的恢复链路。
10几秒内疯狂访问http://localhost:8001/payment/circuit/-31,再去访问 http://localhost:8001/payment/circuit/31,会发现参数为正数的也不能正常访问了。
然后等几秒中,参数为正数的又能正常访问了。
3.5.3 总结
大神结论:
官网断路器流程图
断路器在什么情况下开始起作用:
断路器开启或者关闭的条件:
断路器打开之后:
All配置:
3.6 服务限流(暂无)
4、hystrix工作流程
https://github.com/Netflix/Hystrix/wiki/How-it-Works
hystrix工作流程
5、服务监控hystrixDashboard
5.1 搭建hystrixDashboard平台
1、新建cloud-consumer-hystrix-dashboard9001
2、pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
<groupId>com.liukai.springcloud</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>cloud-consumer-hystrix-dashboard9001</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<!--新增hystrix dashboard-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix-dashboard</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
3、yml
server:
port: 9001
4、主启动类 HystrixDashboardMain9001
package com.liukai.springcloud;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.hystrix.dashboard.EnableHystrixDashboard;
/**
* @author liukai
* @version 1.0.0
* @ClassName HystrixDashboardMain9001.java
* @Description TODO
* @createTime 2021年03月23日 14:23:00
*/
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableHystrixDashboard
public class HystrixDashboardMain9001 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(HystrixDashboardMain9001.class);
}
}
5、所有Provider微服务提供类(8001/8002/8003)都需要监控依赖配置
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
6、启动cloud-consumer-hystrix-dashboard9001,访问 http://localhost:9001/hystrix
5.2 断路器演示
修改cloud-provider-hystrix-payment8001
1、修改cloud-provider-hystrix-payment8001的主启动类,添加如下代码
@Bean
public ServletRegistrationBean getServlet(){
HystrixMetricsStreamServlet streamServlet = new HystrixMetricsStreamServlet();
ServletRegistrationBean registrationBean = new ServletRegistrationBean(streamServlet);
registrationBean.setLoadOnStartup(1);
registrationBean.addUrlMappings("/hystrix.stream");
registrationBean.setName("HystrixMetricsStreamServlet");
return registrationBean;
}
2、监控测试,启动7001,7002,8001。
在http://localhost:9001/hystrix的页面填写如下数据。
连续多次访问 http://localhost:8001/payment/circuit/31
点击一下按钮
就能看见8001的访问情况
也可以先连续访问几次参数为负数的情况,造成熔断器打开,然后在访问参数为正数的情况,可以在此界面看到熔断器的状态,以及各种信息
3、如何分析
6、下一篇:SpringCloud 2020-Gateway新一代网关(笔记)
SpringCloud 2020-Gateway新一代网关(笔记)
视频地址:
此笔记的视频地址:尚硅谷SprngCloud(H版&alibaba框架开发教程(大牛讲授SpringCloud))
最后
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