常规的利用Curl发送json数据到后台SpringBoot＋MongoDB测试CRUD

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我是靠谱客的博主乐观唇彩，最近开发中收集的这篇文章主要介绍常规的利用Curl发送json数据到后台SpringBoot＋MongoDB测试CRUD，觉得挺不错的，现在分享给大家，希望可以做个参考。

概述

web后端的开发涉及很多很多技术，要相互配合好需要不断的练习。本文要做的事情是实现一个服务器端程序，运用SpringBoot技术，结合MongoDB数据库。然后用刚学的curl命令发送json数据来测试数据库的CRUD功能。

首先是新建一个工程并建立pom文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>`
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"``xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0`http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.hunter</groupId>
<artifactId>SpringBootMongo</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>SpringBootMongo</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<!-- lookup parent from repository -->
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.1.6.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-ws</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<start-class>com.hunter.Application</start-class>
<java.version>1.7</java.version>
</properties>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>

maven会帮助开发者进行依赖管理。然后开发者就可以专注于功能模块的开发。

在src/main/java/下新建目录com/hunter/，放入java文件

Application.java

package com.hunter;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@Configuration
@ComponentScan
@EnableAutoConfiguration
public class Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
}
}

在com/hunter/employee目录下面新建三个文件
Employee.java

package com.hunter.employee;
import org.springframework.data.annotation.Id;
public class Employee {
@Id
private String id;
private String name;
private String title;
public Employee(){};
public Employee(String id, String name, String title){
super();
this.id=id;
this.name=name;
this.title=title;
}
public String getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getTitle() {
return title;
}
public void setTitle(String title) {
this.title = title;
}
}

EmployeeController.java

package com.hunter.employee;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import java.util.List;
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/employee")
public class EmployeeController {
@Autowired
EmployeeRepository repository;
//create
@RequestMapping(value = "", method = RequestMethod.PUT)
public Employee createEmployee(@RequestBody Employee employee){
return repository.save(employee);
}
//read
@RequestMapping(value = "",method = RequestMethod.GET)
public List<Employee> readEmployee(@RequestParam(required = false) String name,
@RequestParam(required = false) String title) {
if (name != null) {
return repository.findByName(name);
} else if (title != null) {
return repository.findByTitle(title);
} else {
return repository.findAll();
}
}
//update
@RequestMapping(value = "/{id}", method = RequestMethod.POST)
public Employee updateEmployee(@PathVariable String id, @RequestBody Employee employee){
Employee em = repository.findById(id);
Employee newEm = new Employee(em.getId(),employee.getName(),employee.getTitle());
return repository.save(newEm);
}
//delete
@RequestMapping(value = "/{id}", method = RequestMethod.DELETE)
public void deleteEmployee(@PathVariable String id) {
repository.delete(id);
}
}

EmployeeRepository.java

package com.hunter.employee;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.repository.MongoRepository;
import java.util.List;
public interface EmployeeRepository extends MongoRepository<Employee, String> {
public List<Employee> findByName(String name);
public List<Employee> findByTitle(String title);
public Employee findById(String id);
}

构建工程进行测试

一般我们都倾向于用ide去搭建工程以及测试，毕竟命令行做不到断点检查。
在终端cd到pom所在目录，可以直接用maven命令建立IDEA的工程
$ mvn idea:idea
然后就可以使用IntellijIDEA工作了。

接下来测试这个程序：
1. 打开MongoDB的接口。
$ mongod —dbpath ~/MongoDBPath
2. 运行程序
3. 终端输入
$ curl http://localhost:8080/employee
会返回空数据
[]
因为现在数据库什么都没有。

$ curl -v -i -H "Accept: application/json" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -X PUT -d '{"id":1,"name":"charlie","title":"here"}' http://localhost:8080/employee/

发送一个json数据包到服务器，如果运行正常，数据库已经写入一条记录了

$ curl -v -i -X GET http://localhost:8080/employee
此时再次查询，就已经会返回一条关于charlie的数据了

$ curl -v -i -X POST -H "Accept: application/json" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"id":1,"name":"jane","title":"leader"}' http://localhost:8080/employee/1

$ curl -v -i -X DELETE http://localhost:8080/employee/1
删除id为1的数据，也就是charlie没了。

强调，千万要注意引号的正确性。。。有时候，由于文本编辑工具的原因，引号会有误，也有可能造成curl命令错误。例如印象笔记就会把双引号变成另一种类型。。坑。。