12.6 Nginx安装

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我是靠谱客的博主懵懂荔枝，最近开发中收集的这篇文章主要介绍12.6 Nginx安装，觉得挺不错的，现在分享给大家，希望可以做个参考。

概述

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Nginx安装目录概要

cd /usr/local/src
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.1.tar.gz
tar zxf nginx-1.12.1.tar.gz
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
make && make install
vim /etc/init.d/nginx //复制如下内容（参考https://coding.net/u/aminglinux/p/aminglinux-book/git/blob/master/D15Z/etc_init.d_nginx ）
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginx
chkconfig --add nginx
chkconfig nginx on
cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/; mv nginx.conf nginx.conf.bak
vim nginx.conf //写入如下内容（参考https://coding.net/u/aminglinux/p/aminglinux-book/git/blob/master/D15Z/nginx.conf）
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
/etc/init.d/nginx start
netstat -lntp |grep 80

Nginx安装

切换到/usr/local/src/目录下

[root@hanfeng ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@hanfeng src]#

下载Nginx安装包

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.1.tar.gz

[root@hanfeng src]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.1.tar.gz

解压安装包

[root@hanfeng src]# tar zxf nginx-1.12.1.tar.gz
[root@hanfeng src]#

[root@hanfeng src]# cd nginx-1.12.1
[root@hanfeng nginx-1.12.1]#

初始化./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx

[root@hanfeng nginx-1.12.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx

然后编译make && make install

[root@hanfeng nginx-1.12.1]# make && make install

7查看nginx目录

[root@hanfeng nginx-1.12.1]# ls /usr/local/nginx/
conf  html  logs  sbin
[root@hanfeng nginx-1.12.1]#

支持-t 检查配置文件语法错误

[root@hanfeng nginx-1.12.1]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@hanfeng nginx-1.12.1]#

给nginx创建启动脚本，放在/etc/init.d/nginx，配置文件内容

[root@hanfeng nginx-1.12.1]# vim /etc/init.d/nginx

将以下文件拷贝进去
#!/bin/bash
# chkconfig: - 30 21
# description: http service.
# Source Function Library
. /etc/init.d/functions
# Nginx Settings
NGINX_SBIN="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
NGINX_CONF="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
NGINX_PID="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
RETVAL=0
prog="Nginx"
start() 
{
    echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
    mkdir -p /dev/shm/nginx_temp
    daemon $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
    return $RETVAL
}
stop() 
{
    echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
    killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -TERM
    rm -rf /dev/shm/nginx_temp
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
    return $RETVAL
}
reload()
{
    echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
    killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -HUP
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
    return $RETVAL
}
restart()
{
    stop
    start
}
configtest()
{
    $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF -t
    return 0
}
case "$1" in
  start)
        start
        ;;
  stop)
        stop
        ;;
  reload)
        reload
        ;;
  restart)
        restart
        ;;
  configtest)
        configtest
        ;;
  *)
        echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|reload|restart|configtest}"
        RETVAL=1
esac
exit $RETVAL

然后保存退出

更改配置文件的权限

[root@hanfeng nginx-1.12.1]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginx
[root@hanfeng nginx-1.12.1]#

将nginx加入到服务列表里

[root@hanfeng nginx-1.12.1]# chkconfig --add nginx
[root@hanfeng nginx-1.12.1]#

配置开启启动nginx服务

[root@hanfeng nginx-1.12.1]# chkconfig nginx on 
[root@hanfeng nginx-1.12.1]#

定义配置文件，默认conf目录下是有一个nginx.conf文件的，但我们不使用它，使用自己配置的

[root@hanfeng nginx-1.12.1]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/
[root@hanfeng conf]# ls
fastcgi.conf            koi-utf             nginx.conf           uwsgi_params
fastcgi.conf.default    koi-win             nginx.conf.default   uwsgi_params.default
fastcgi_params          mime.types          scgi_params          win-utf
fastcgi_params.default  mime.types.default  scgi_params.default
[root@hanfeng conf]# mv nginx.conf nginx.conf.1
[root@hanfeng conf]#

创建一个配置文件，配置文件内容

[root@hanfeng conf]# vim nginx.conf

在配置文件中添加以下内容
user nobody nobody;    // user定义启动nginx的用户
worker_processes 2;    //定义子进程有几个
error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;   //错误日志
pid /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;  // PID所在
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;   //nginx最多可以打开文件的上限
events
{
use epoll;                                   //使用epoll模式
worker_connections 6000;      // 进程最大有多少个连接
}

http
{
    include mime.types;
    default_type application/octet-stream;
    server_names_hash_bucket_size 3526;
    server_names_hash_max_size 4096;
    log_format combined_realip '$remote_addr $http_x_forwarded_for [$time_local]'
    ' $host "$request_uri" $status'
    ' "$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"';
    sendfile on;
    tcp_nopush on;
    keepalive_timeout 30;
    client_header_timeout 3m;
    client_body_timeout 3m;
    send_timeout 3m;
    connection_pool_size 256;
    client_header_buffer_size 1k;
    large_client_header_buffers 8 4k;
    request_pool_size 4k;
    output_buffers 4 32k;
    postpone_output 1460;
    client_max_body_size 10m;
    client_body_buffer_size 256k;
    client_body_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/client_body_temp;
    proxy_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/proxy_temp;
    fastcgi_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/fastcgi_temp;
    fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
    tcp_nodelay on;
    gzip on;
    gzip_min_length 1k;
    gzip_buffers 4 8k;
    gzip_comp_level 5;
    gzip_http_version 1.1;
    gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css text/htm 
    application/xml;
    server        //一个server 对应一个虚拟主机，定义这个，才能正常访问网站  下面一整段，就是一个默认的虚拟主机
    {
        listen 80;
        server_name localhost;            //网站域名
        index index.html index.htm index.php;
        root /usr/local/nginx/html;            //网站的根目录
        location ~ .php$                         //配置解析php的部分
        {
            include fastcgi_params;
            fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-fcgi.sock;        //nginx通过这一行配置来调用php-fpm服务
           # fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1：9000;            //如果php-fpm监听的是9000端口，直接这样写配置即可
            fastcgi_index index.php;
            fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
        }    
    }
}

然后保存退出

作为一个网站的服务，必须监听一个端口，默认监听的是80端口，假如没有配置 server 这个几行，那么nginx将识别不到监听端口，导致服务不可用

编译好配置文件，检查配置文件是否存在语法错误

[root@hanfeng conf]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@hanfeng conf]#

启动nginx服务

[root@hanfeng conf]# /etc/init.d/nginx  start
Starting nginx (via systemctl):                            [  确定  ]
[root@hanfeng conf]#

查看nginx进程

[root@hanfeng conf]# ps aux |grep nginx
root     16411  0.0  0.0  20996   624 ?        Ss   21:53   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
nobody   16412  0.0  0.3  23440  3212 ?        S    21:53   0:00 nginx: worker process
nobody   16413  0.0  0.3  23440  3212 ?        S    21:53   0:00 nginx: worker process
root     16415  0.0  0.0 112676   984 pts/0    R+   21:55   0:00 grep --color=auto nginx
[root@hanfeng conf]#

测试nginx，这里可以输入curl localhost 或者输入curl 127.0.0.1 得到的结果相同

[root@hanfeng conf]# curl localhost
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
    body {
        width: 35em;
        margin: 0 auto;
        font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
    }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>

<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>

<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>
[root@hanfeng conf]#

测试解析php，新建一个1.php文件

[root@hanfeng conf]# vim /usr/local/nginx/html/1.php
写入
<?php
echo "this is nginx test page.";
[root@hanfeng conf]# curl localhost/1.php
this is nginx test page.[root@hanfeng conf]#

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/u/3707314/blog/1600986