概述
百度地图BMap API的应用实例
前几天,帮朋友做了几款地图API接口调研,推荐他使用百度BMap和谷歌GMap API,后来又直接交由我来替他做
一来上周帮研究生部老师做的学位证书精准打印系统基本完工,晚上有点时间研究下js
二来去年刚到百度实习头1个月,做的正是js,因此对BMap部分源码、API接口风格以及文档也都有些了解
花了一天两夜,基本功能需求都已经实现(自定义标注、精确和模糊查询、个性化添加、右键菜单等),先贴出效果图:
上图布局,最上面是测试通过的浏览器及其版本,左侧是动态加载的数据源和查询功能,右侧则是调用BMap API实现自己的应用
知识拓展:关于js和css的浏览器兼容性问题,请参见我在百度空间的博客 Javascript 和 CSS 的浏览器兼容总结
设计思路:接口是BMap API,内部功能采用模块化设计,搜索模块、自定义添加、右键菜单事件等,这样设计方便扩展和维护,后期将考虑加入谷歌的GMap
下面,详细介绍内部功能是如何设计和实现的
1、数据源格式
数据源格式是比较规整的,具体格式如下:
- var data = [
- { id: 100, point: "116.397128|39.916527", addr: "紫金天子城", mainFlow: 3, subFlow: 169.9, press: 4, voltage: 13.3, flashFlow: 1, isEle: "有市电", time: "2011-7-13 16:30:00" },
- { id: 101, point: "116.422792|40.009471", addr: "十里村", mainFlow: 3, subFlow: 169.9, press: 4, voltage: 13.3, flashFlow: 1, isEle: "有市电", time: "2011-7-13 16:30:00" },
- { id: 202, point: "116.484289|39.97936", addr: "杨家大湾", mainFlow: 13, subFlow: 19.9, press: 14, voltage: 13.3, flashFlow: 1, isEle: "有市电", time: "2011-7-13 16:30:00" },
- { id: 303, point: "116.454494|39.964011", addr: "赵鹏", mainFlow: 3, subFlow: 69.9, press: 4, voltage: 13.3, flashFlow: 1, isEle: "有市电", time: "2011-7-13 16:30:00" },
- { id: 404, point: "116.394601|39.987925", addr: "王店", mainFlow: 3, subFlow: 169.9, press: 4, voltage: 13.3, flashFlow: 1, isEle: "有市电", time: "2011-7-13 16:30:00" },
- { id: 500, point: "116.469899|39.87684", addr: "刘村", mainFlow: 3, subFlow: 169.9, press: 4, voltage: 13.3, flashFlow: 1, isEle: "有市电", time: "2011-7-13 16:30:00" },
- { id: 501, point: "116.331292|39.949031", addr: "西子营", mainFlow: 3, subFlow: 169.9, press: 4, voltage: 13.3, flashFlow: 1, isEle: "有市电", time: "2011-7-13 16:30:00" },
- { id: 602, point: "116.374561|39.894302", addr: "马甲镇", mainFlow: 13, subFlow: 19.9, press: 14, voltage: 13.3, flashFlow: 1, isEle: "有市电", time: "2011-7-13 16:30:00" },
- { id: 703, point: "116.419527|39.945374", addr: "大牛集市", mainFlow: 3, subFlow: 69.9, press: 4, voltage: 13.3, flashFlow: 1, isEle: "有市电", time: "2011-7-13 16:30:00" },
- { id: 804, point: "116.394601|39.987925", addr: "小牛峡湾", mainFlow: 3, subFlow: 169.9, press: 4, voltage: 13.3, flashFlow: 1, isEle: "有市电", time: "2011-7-13 16:30:00" },
- { id: 905, point: "116.368099|39.942332", addr: "徐家水库", mainFlow: 3, subFlow: 169.9, press: 4, voltage: 13.3, flashFlow: 1, isEle: "有市电", time: "2011-7-13 16:30:00" }
- ];
var data = [
{ id: 100, point: "116.397128|39.916527", addr: "紫金天子城", mainFlow: 3, subFlow: 169.9, press: 4, voltage: 13.3, flashFlow: 1, isEle: "有市电", time: "2011-7-13 16:30:00" },
{ id: 101, point: "116.422792|40.009471", addr: "十里村", mainFlow: 3, subFlow: 169.9, press: 4, voltage: 13.3, flashFlow: 1, isEle: "有市电", time: "2011-7-13 16:30:00" },
{ id: 202, point: "116.484289|39.97936", addr: "杨家大湾", mainFlow: 13, subFlow: 19.9, press: 14, voltage: 13.3, flashFlow: 1, isEle: "有市电", time: "2011-7-13 16:30:00" },
{ id: 303, point: "116.454494|39.964011", addr: "赵鹏", mainFlow: 3, subFlow: 69.9, press: 4, voltage: 13.3, flashFlow: 1, isEle: "有市电", time: "2011-7-13 16:30:00" },
{ id: 404, point: "116.394601|39.987925", addr: "王店", mainFlow: 3, subFlow: 169.9, press: 4, voltage: 13.3, flashFlow: 1, isEle: "有市电", time: "2011-7-13 16:30:00" },
{ id: 500, point: "116.469899|39.87684", addr: "刘村", mainFlow: 3, subFlow: 169.9, press: 4, voltage: 13.3, flashFlow: 1, isEle: "有市电", time: "2011-7-13 16:30:00" },
{ id: 501, point: "116.331292|39.949031", addr: "西子营", mainFlow: 3, subFlow: 169.9, press: 4, voltage: 13.3, flashFlow: 1, isEle: "有市电", time: "2011-7-13 16:30:00" },
{ id: 602, point: "116.374561|39.894302", addr: "马甲镇", mainFlow: 13, subFlow: 19.9, press: 14, voltage: 13.3, flashFlow: 1, isEle: "有市电", time: "2011-7-13 16:30:00" },
{ id: 703, point: "116.419527|39.945374", addr: "大牛集市", mainFlow: 3, subFlow: 69.9, press: 4, voltage: 13.3, flashFlow: 1, isEle: "有市电", time: "2011-7-13 16:30:00" },
{ id: 804, point: "116.394601|39.987925", addr: "小牛峡湾", mainFlow: 3, subFlow: 169.9, press: 4, voltage: 13.3, flashFlow: 1, isEle: "有市电", time: "2011-7-13 16:30:00" },
{ id: 905, point: "116.368099|39.942332", addr: "徐家水库", mainFlow: 3, subFlow: 169.9, press: 4, voltage: 13.3, flashFlow: 1, isEle: "有市电", time: "2011-7-13 16:30:00" }
];
目前数据源采用的text文本格式进行存储与加载,随着需求和应用的扩大,后期将会使用MySQL数据库进行保存与提取
2、动态加载数据源(左侧table)
- function init_MiddleLeft() {
- var top_div = document.getElementById("id_middle_left");
- var table = document.createElement("table");
- table.setAttribute("border", 1);
- table.setAttribute("width", 280);
- for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
- var tr = document.createElement("tr");
- var td = document.createElement("td");
- var str = data[i].id;
- var msg = document.createTextNode(str);
- td.appendChild(msg);
- tr.appendChild(td);
- td = document.createElement("td");
- str = data[i].addr;
- msg = document.createTextNode(str);
- td.appendChild(msg);
- tr.appendChild(td);
- td = document.createElement("td");
- var img = document.createElement("img");
- img.src = "./info.gif";
- img.value = this.data[i];
- img.onclick = function(){return click(this)}; // img.οnclick=Function("click(this.value)");
- td.appendChild(img);
- tr.appendChild(td);
- table.appendChild(tr);
- }
- top_div.appendChild(table);
- }
function init_MiddleLeft() {
var top_div = document.getElementById("id_middle_left");
var table = document.createElement("table");
table.setAttribute("border", 1);
table.setAttribute("width", 280);
for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
var tr = document.createElement("tr");
var td = document.createElement("td");
var str = data[i].id;
var msg = document.createTextNode(str);
td.appendChild(msg);
tr.appendChild(td);
td = document.createElement("td");
str = data[i].addr;
msg = document.createTextNode(str);
td.appendChild(msg);
tr.appendChild(td);
td = document.createElement("td");
var img = document.createElement("img");
img.src = "./info.gif";
img.value = this.data[i];
img.onclick = function(){return click(this)};
//
img.οnclick=Function("click(this.value)");
td.appendChild(img);
tr.appendChild(td);
table.appendChild(tr);
}
top_div.appendChild(table);
}
左侧动态加载数据源效果图:
3、精准与模糊查询(正则式实现)
- // search类原型
- function searchClass(data) {
- this.datas = data;
- }
- // 设置数据源
- searchClass.prototype.setData = function (data) {
- this.datas = data;
- }
- // 去掉字符串空格
- searchClass.prototype.trim = function (str) {
- if (null == str) {
- str = "";
- } else {
- str = str.toString();
- }
- return str.replace(/(^[stxa0u3000]+)|([u3000xa0st]+$)/g, "");
- }
- // search原型查询模块
- // rule = {id: "id", key: "keyword", query: "single|more", show: "one|all"}
- searchClass.prototype.search = function (rule) {
- if (null == this.datas) {
- alert("数据源不存在!");
- return false;
- }
- if ("" == this.trim(rule) || "" == this.trim(rule.id) || "" == this.trim(rule.key) || "" == this.trim(rule.query)) {
- alert("请指定要搜索内容!");
- return false;
- }
- var reval = []; // 返回值,object数组类型
- var datas = this.datas; // search类,成员变量
- me = this; // 全局this,getData中me
- // 添加查询结果
- var addData = function (data) {
- reval.push(data);
- }
- // 获取查询数据源串
- var getData = function (data, id) {
- var _id = me.trim(id);
- var d = "data";
- if (0 == _id.length) {
- return data;
- } else {
- d += '["' + _id + '"]';
- return eval(d);
- }
- }
- // 检索遍历
- for (var i = 0; i < datas.length; i++) {
- var data = datas[i];
- var d = getData(data, rule.id);
- var dReg = new RegExp(this.trim(rule.key));
- if ("one" == rule.show) { // 显示查询标记
- if ("single" == rule.query && d == rule.key) { // 精准查询(single)
- addData(data);
- } else if ("more" == rule.query && dReg.test(d)) { // 模糊查询(正则式实现)
- addData(data);
- }
- } else if ("all" == rule.show) { // 显示全部标记
- addData(data);
- }
- }
- // 返回结果
- return reval;
- }
// search类原型
function searchClass(data) {
this.datas = data;
}
// 设置数据源
searchClass.prototype.setData = function (data) {
this.datas = data;
}
// 去掉字符串空格
searchClass.prototype.trim = function (str) {
if (null == str) {
str = "";
} else {
str = str.toString();
}
return str.replace(/(^[stxa0u3000]+)|([u3000xa0st]+$)/g, "");
}
// search原型查询模块
// rule = {id: "id", key: "keyword", query: "single|more", show: "one|all"}
searchClass.prototype.search = function (rule) {
if (null == this.datas) {
alert("数据源不存在!");
return false;
}
if ("" == this.trim(rule) || "" == this.trim(rule.id) || "" == this.trim(rule.key) || "" == this.trim(rule.query)) {
alert("请指定要搜索内容!");
return false;
}
var reval = [];
// 返回值,object数组类型
var datas = this.datas;
// search类,成员变量
me = this;
// 全局this,getData中me
// 添加查询结果
var addData = function (data) {
reval.push(data);
}
// 获取查询数据源串
var getData = function (data, id) {
var _id = me.trim(id);
var d = "data";
if (0 == _id.length) {
return data;
} else {
d += '["' + _id + '"]';
return eval(d);
}
}
// 检索遍历
for (var i = 0; i < datas.length; i++) {
var data = datas[i];
var d = getData(data, rule.id);
var dReg = new RegExp(this.trim(rule.key));
if ("one" == rule.show) {
// 显示查询标记
if ("single" == rule.query && d == rule.key) {
// 精准查询(single)
addData(data);
} else if ("more" == rule.query && dReg.test(d)) {
// 模糊查询(正则式实现)
addData(data);
}
} else if ("all" == rule.show) {
// 显示全部标记
addData(data);
}
}
// 返回结果
return reval;
}
4、标记查询的结果
- // 标记查询结果
- window.addMarker = function (data_a) {
- map.clearOverlays(); // 首先清理已有标记
- // 遍历查询结果数据(data_a)
- for (var i = 0; i < data_a.length; i++) {
- // 获取坐标(经度、纬度),在地图map上显示
- var px = data_a[i].point.split("|")[0];
- var py = data_a[i].point.split("|")[1];
- var point = new BMap.Point(px, py);
- var marker = new BMap.Marker(point);
- map.addOverlay(marker);
- //marker.enableDragging(true);
- // 生成标记信息(table)
- var content = "<table>";
- content = content + "<tr><td> 设备编号:" + data_a[i].id + "</td></tr>";
- content = content + "<tr><td> 安装地点:" + data_a[i].addr + "</td></tr>";
- content = content + "<tr><td> 主表流量:" + data_a[i].mainFlow + "</td></tr>";
- content = content + "<tr><td> 副表流量:" + data_a[i].subFlow + "</td></tr>";
- content = content + "<tr><td> 管网压力:" + data_a[i].press + "</td></tr>";
- content = content + "<tr><td> 设备电压:" + data_a[i].voltage + "</td></tr>";
- content = content + "<tr><td> 瞬时流量:" + data_a[i].flashFlow + "</td></tr>";
- content = content + "<tr><td> 有无市电:" + data_a[i].isEle + "</td></tr>";
- content = content + "<tr><td> 记录时间:" + data_a[i].time + "</td></tr>";
- content += "</table>";
- // 捕获标记点击事件,并且显示信息
- // 函数闭包,总是执行
- (function () {
- var infoWindow = new BMap.InfoWindow(content);
- marker.addEventListener("click", function () {
- this.openInfoWindow(infoWindow);
- });
- })()
- }
- }
// 标记查询结果
window.addMarker = function (data_a) {
map.clearOverlays();
// 首先清理已有标记
// 遍历查询结果数据(data_a)
for (var i = 0; i < data_a.length; i++) {
// 获取坐标(经度、纬度),在地图map上显示
var px = data_a[i].point.split("|")[0];
var py = data_a[i].point.split("|")[1];
var point = new BMap.Point(px, py);
var marker = new BMap.Marker(point);
map.addOverlay(marker);
//marker.enableDragging(true);
// 生成标记信息(table)
var content = "<table>";
content = content + "<tr><td> 设备编号:" + data_a[i].id + "</td></tr>";
content = content + "<tr><td> 安装地点:" + data_a[i].addr + "</td></tr>";
content = content + "<tr><td> 主表流量:" + data_a[i].mainFlow + "</td></tr>";
content = content + "<tr><td> 副表流量:" + data_a[i].subFlow + "</td></tr>";
content = content + "<tr><td> 管网压力:" + data_a[i].press + "</td></tr>";
content = content + "<tr><td> 设备电压:" + data_a[i].voltage + "</td></tr>";
content = content + "<tr><td> 瞬时流量:" + data_a[i].flashFlow + "</td></tr>";
content = content + "<tr><td> 有无市电:" + data_a[i].isEle + "</td></tr>";
content = content + "<tr><td> 记录时间:" + data_a[i].time + "</td></tr>";
content += "</table>";
// 捕获标记点击事件,并且显示信息
// 函数闭包,总是执行
(function () {
var infoWindow = new BMap.InfoWindow(content);
marker.addEventListener("click", function () {
this.openInfoWindow(infoWindow);
});
})()
}
}
标记效果图:
5、右键菜单的实现
- // 添加右键菜单
- var contextMenu = new BMap.ContextMenu();
- var txtMenuItem = [
- {
- text: "放大",
- callback: function () { map.zoomIn() }
- },
- {
- text: "缩小",
- callback: function () { map.zoomOut() }
- },
- {
- text: '查看北京',
- callback: function () { map.centerAndZoom("北京") }
- },
- {
- text: '放置到最大',
- callback: function () { map.zoomTo(18) }
- },
- {
- text: '获取改点坐标',
- callback: function(p){
- var px = p.lng;
- var py = p.lat;
- alert("该点坐标:n经度:" + px + "; n纬度:" + py);
- }
- },
- {
- text: '添加该店标注',
- callback: function (p) {
- var marker = new BMap.Marker(p), px = map.pointToPixel(p);
- map.addOverlay(marker);
- marker.enableDragging(true);
- }
- }
- ];
- // 遍历菜单items,添加进菜单
- for (var i = 0; i < txtMenuItem.length; i++) {
- contextMenu.addItem(new BMap.MenuItem(txtMenuItem[i].text, txtMenuItem[i].callback, 100));
- if (i == 1 || i == 3) {
- contextMenu.addSeparator();
- }
- }
- map.addContextMenu(contextMenu); // 添加菜单到map
// 添加右键菜单
var contextMenu = new BMap.ContextMenu();
var txtMenuItem = [
{
text: "放大",
callback: function () { map.zoomIn() }
},
{
text: "缩小",
callback: function () { map.zoomOut() }
},
{
text: '查看北京',
callback: function () { map.centerAndZoom("北京") }
},
{
text: '放置到最大',
callback: function () { map.zoomTo(18) }
},
{
text: '获取改点坐标',
callback: function(p){
var px = p.lng;
var py = p.lat;
alert("该点坐标:n经度:" + px + "; n纬度:" + py);
}
},
{
text: '添加该店标注',
callback: function (p) {
var marker = new BMap.Marker(p), px = map.pointToPixel(p);
map.addOverlay(marker);
marker.enableDragging(true);
}
}
];
// 遍历菜单items,添加进菜单
for (var i = 0; i < txtMenuItem.length; i++) {
contextMenu.addItem(new BMap.MenuItem(txtMenuItem[i].text, txtMenuItem[i].callback, 100));
if (i == 1 || i == 3) {
contextMenu.addSeparator();
}
}
map.addContextMenu(contextMenu);
// 添加菜单到map
菜单效果图:
6、模糊查询结果
左侧,输入“1”,模糊匹配查询和显示查询结果
右侧,输出3个标记结果
校验:100、101、501三项,都含有查询关键字"1“,查询结果正确
7、关注细节,改善体验
在实现过程中,也考虑了一些细节处理,这里举两个示例
a、输入框自动提示
当用户没有输入时,输入框显示提示信息"input id",当用户鼠标点击后,提示信息自动清除(是不是很像AJAX的水印效果 哈哈)
其实,其内部实现也不复杂,但不经意的设计,体现的却是很人性化
具体实现(onmousedown和onmouseout)
- <input type="text" name="keyword" id="id_keyword" value="input id" οnmοusedοwn="clearKeyword('keyword')"
- οnmοuseοut="showKeyword('keyword')" />
<input type="text" name="keyword" id="id_keyword" value="input id" οnmοusedοwn="clearKeyword('keyword')"
οnmοuseοut="showKeyword('keyword')" />
- // 用户按下鼠标,提示信息清除
- function clearKeyword(keyword) {
- var input = document.getElementsByName(keyword);
- input[0].value = ""; // 清除提示
- }
- // 鼠标移走,如果内容为空,则重新提示
- function showKeyword(keyword) {
- var input = document.getElementsByName(keyword);
- var value = input[0].value;
- if ("" == value) { // 判断是否为空
- input[0].value = "input id";
- }
- }
// 用户按下鼠标,提示信息清除
function clearKeyword(keyword) {
var input = document.getElementsByName(keyword);
input[0].value = "";
// 清除提示
}
// 鼠标移走,如果内容为空,则重新提示
function showKeyword(keyword) {
var input = document.getElementsByName(keyword);
var value = input[0].value;
if ("" == value) {
// 判断是否为空
input[0].value = "input id";
}
}
b、左侧查询高亮显示
点击查询小图标后,此栏背景色高亮显示,是用户一目了然
实现代码如下:
- // 点击左侧查询小图标
- function click(obj) {
- // 先清理所有td元素,擦除上次高亮显示脚印
- var td_a = document.getElementsByTagName("td");
- for (var i = 0; i < td_a.length; i++) {
- td_a[i].setAttribute("bgcolor", "#ffffff");
- }
- // 高亮标记本次查询信息
- obj.parentNode.setAttribute("bgcolor", "#ff0000");
- var data_a = [];
- var data = obj.value;
- data_a.push(data);
- addMarker(data_a);
- }
// 点击左侧查询小图标
function click(obj) {
// 先清理所有td元素,擦除上次高亮显示脚印
var td_a = document.getElementsByTagName("td");
for (var i = 0; i < td_a.length; i++) {
td_a[i].setAttribute("bgcolor", "#ffffff");
}
// 高亮标记本次查询信息
obj.parentNode.setAttribute("bgcolor", "#ff0000");
var data_a = [];
var data = obj.value;
data_a.push(data);
addMarker(data_a);
}
好啦,就到这里
后期计划,想把谷歌的地图API也扩展进来,实现百度和谷歌地图自由选择
再有时间的话,将会尝试加入更新、更酷的技术,打造一些HTML5和CSS3高级应用特效
最后
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