概述
1.HIVE MapJoin异常问题
摘要: HIVE被很广泛的使用,使用过程中也会遇到各种千奇百怪的问题。这里就遇到的MapJoin Local 内存不足的问题进行讨论,从问题描述、mapjion原理以及产生该问题的原因,解决方案做一下介绍,最后对该问题进行了进一步的思考,希望对解决该类问题的朋友有所帮助。
问题描述
在跑hive作业的时候,偶尔会遇到下面的异常 FAILED: Execution Error, return code 3 from org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.mr.MapredLocalTask 。通过查看日志,你可以看到这是map join的问题,会看到Starting to launch local task to process map join; maximum memory = xxx,Execution failed with exit status: 3 等等这样的日志。在网上搜索也可以看到一些问题的解释,例如 stackoverflow上就有一个 http://stackoverflow.com/questions/22977790/hive-query-execution-error-return-code-3-from-mapredlocaltask
搜索结果建议的解决方案
-
- set hive.auto.convert.join = false; 关闭mapjion
-
- 调小hive.smalltable.filesize,默认是25000000(在2.0.0版本中)
-
- hive.mapjoin.localtask.max.memory.usage 调大到0.999
-
- set hive.ignore.mapjoin.hint=false; 关闭忽略mapjoin的hints
原理及问题分析
MapJoin原理可以参见这里,讲的比较清楚。出现问题的地方就是MapredLocalTask这里,在客户端本地启动一个Driver进程,扫描小表的数据,将其转换成一个HashTable的数据结构,这个过程中在做内存检查,即checkMemoryStatus的时候,抛出了异常。我们看一下这里的检查点
double percentage = (double) usedMemory / (double) maxHeapSize;
String msg = Utilities.now() + "tProcessing rows:t" + numRows + "tHashtable size:t"
+ tableContainerSize + "tMemory usage:t" + usedMemory + "tpercentage:t" + percentageNumberFormat.format(percentage);
console.printInfo(msg);
if(percentage > maxMemoryUsage) {
throw new MapJoinMemoryExhaustionException(msg);
}
跟当前进程的MaxHeap有关,跟当前进程的UsedMemory有关,跟参数maxMemoryUsage有关(hive.mapjoin.localtask.max.memory.usage),通过分析比较我们可以发现,上述的方案1和4,直接关闭mapjion,避免启动MapredLocalTask,就不会出现这样的check,进而不会出现问题;上述的方案2,减小join表的大小,进而减小UsedMemory,也可以解决这个问题;上面的方案3, 调大maxMemoryUsage,使内存充分利用,也可以解决这个问题。我们注意到maxHeapSize 这个参数,没有针对性的解决方案
增加的一种解决方案,调大MapredLocalTask JVM启动参数
解决方案还是需要考虑不影响性能。
调大MapredLocalTask 的JVM启动参数,进而可以增加maxHeapSize,同样也可以解决这个问题。如何去调大这个参数呢?通过查看MapredLocalTask代码我们可以看到
jarCmd = hiveJar + " " + ExecDriver.class.getName();
String hiveConfArgs = ExecDriver.generateCmdLine(conf, ctx);
String cmdLine = hadoopExec + " jar " + jarCmd + " -localtask -plan " + planPath.toString()
+ " " + isSilent + " " + hiveConfArgs;
...
Map<String, String> variables = new HashMap<String, String>(System.getenv());
...
// Run ExecDriver in another JVM
executor = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(cmdLine, env, new File(workDir));
启动新的ExecDriver,使用的是hadoop jar,系统环境参数继承了父进程的系统环境变量(里面逻辑有一些参数会覆盖)。而hadoop jar 启动java进程,内存参数会受哪些地方影响呢?如果没有设置,受hadoop自身一些脚本配置的影响;HADOOP_HEAPSIZE,如果设置了该变量,JVM参数就是-Xmx${HADOOP_HEAPSIZE}m ;如果不设置 ,就会受/usr/lib/hadoop-current/libexec/hadoop-config.sh里面配置的JAVA_HEAP_MAX=-Xmx1000m 。有没有印象?你使用hadoop jar启动的一些进程参数都是-Xmx1000m, 如果注意观察,ExecDriver这个进程也是这个参数。知道这个参数之后,可以在/usr/lib/hadoop-current/libexec/hadoop-config.sh 这里将参数调大,例如设置JAVA_HEAP_MAX=-Xmx1408m 可以解决问题。
研究与思考
通过查看checkMemoryStatus 的代码,我们可以看到,这个比较的逻辑不太合适,当前内存使用达到了一定阈值,并不代表内存不够用,因为还有gc存在啊,如果gc之后还是超过了这个阈值,确实需要抛出异常。基于这样的分析,在HIVE JIRA上提了一个issue 并有相应的一些想法和patch。如果感兴趣,欢迎讨论交流,请戳HIVE-15221
二、Error during job, obtaining debugging information 以及beyond physical memory limits
MapReduce Total cumulative CPU time: 0 days 1 hours 41 minutes 34 seconds 890 msec
Ended Job = job_1519262673035_0490 with errors
Error during job, obtaining debugging information...
Examining task ID: task_1519262673035_0490_m_000064 (and more) from job job_1519262673035_0490
Examining task ID: task_1519262673035_0490_m_000104 (and more) from job job_1519262673035_0490
Examining task ID: task_1519262673035_0490_m_000040 (and more) from job job_1519262673035_0490
Examining task ID: task_1519262673035_0490_m_000098 (and more) from job job_1519262673035_0490
Examining task ID: task_1519262673035_0490_m_000066 (and more) from job job_1519262673035_0490
Examining task ID: task_1519262673035_0490_m_000127 (and more) from job job_1519262673035_0490
Examining task ID: task_1519262673035_0490_m_000024 (and more) from job job_1519262673035_0490
Examining task ID: task_1519262673035_0490_m_000111 (and more) from job job_1519262673035_0490
Examining task ID: task_1519262673035_0490_m_000116 (and more) from job job_1519262673035_0490
Examining task ID: task_1519262673035_0490_m_000058 (and more) from job job_1519262673035_0490
Examining task ID: task_1519262673035_0490_m_000008 (and more) from job job_1519262673035_0490
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Examining task ID: task_1519262673035_0490_m_000169 (and more) from job job_1519262673035_0490
Examining task ID: task_1519262673035_0490_m_000167 (and more) from job job_1519262673035_0490
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Examining task ID: task_1519262673035_0490_r_000067 (and more) from job job_1519262673035_0490
Examining task ID: task_1519262673035_0490_r_000087 (and more) from job job_1519262673035_0490
Examining task ID: task_1519262673035_0490_r_000013 (and more) from job job_1519262673035_0490
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Examining task ID: task_1519262673035_0490_r_000055 (and more) from job job_1519262673035_0490
Examining task ID: task_1519262673035_0490_r_000045 (and more) from job job_1519262673035_0490
Examining task ID: task_1519262673035_0490_r_000051 (and more) from job job_1519262673035_0490
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Examining task ID: task_1519262673035_0490_r_000111 (and more) from job job_1519262673035_0490
Examining task ID: task_1519262673035_0490_r_000117 (and more) from job job_1519262673035_0490
Examining task ID: task_1519262673035_0490_r_000124 (and more) from job job_1519262673035_0490
Examining task ID: task_1519262673035_0490_r_000131 (and more) from job job_1519262673035_0490
Examining task ID: task_1519262673035_0490_r_000132 (and more) from job job_1519262673035_0490
Examining task ID: task_1519262673035_0490_r_000173 (and more) from job job_1519262673035_0490
Examining task ID: task_1519262673035_0490_r_000166 (and more) from job job_1519262673035_0490
Examining task ID: task_1519262673035_0490_r_000182 (and more) from job job_1519262673035_0490
Examining task ID: task_1519262673035_0490_r_000002 (and more) from job job_1519262673035_0490
Examining task ID: task_1519262673035_0490_r_000149 (and more) from job job_1519262673035_0490
Examining task ID: task_1519262673035_0490_r_000004 (and more) from job job_1519262673035_0490
Examining task ID: task_1519262673035_0490_r_000100 (and more) from job job_1519262673035_0490
Task with the most failures(4):
-----
Task ID:
task_1519262673035_0490_r_000042
URL:
http://ICC-FIS-HADOOP-S1:8088/taskdetails.jsp?jobid=job_1519262673035_0490&tipid=task_1519262673035_0490_r_000042
-----
Diagnostic Messages for this Task:
Container [pid=118755,containerID=container_1519262673035_0490_01_000412] is running beyond physical memory limits. Current usage: 1.1 GB of 1 GB physical memory used; 2.8 GB of 2.1 GB virtual memory used. Killing container.
Dump of the process-tree for container_1519262673035_0490_01_000412 :
|- PID PPID PGRPID SESSID CMD_NAME USER_MODE_TIME(MILLIS) SYSTEM_TIME(MILLIS) VMEM_USAGE(BYTES) RSSMEM_USAGE(PAGES) FULL_CMD_LINE
|- 118755 118753 118755 118755 (bash) 0 0 108650496 312 /bin/bash -c /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_111/bin/java -Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true -Dhadoop.metrics.log.level=WARN -Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true -Xmx820m -Djava.io.tmpdir=/data/cdh/yarn/nm/usercache/root/appcache/application_1519262673035_0490/container_1519262673035_0490_01_000412/tmp -Dlog4j.configuration=container-log4j.properties -Dyarn.app.container.log.dir=/data/yarn/container-logs/application_1519262673035_0490/container_1519262673035_0490_01_000412 -Dyarn.app.container.log.filesize=0 -Dhadoop.root.logger=INFO,CLA -Dhadoop.root.logfile=syslog -Dyarn.app.mapreduce.shuffle.logger=INFO,shuffleCLA -Dyarn.app.mapreduce.shuffle.logfile=syslog.shuffle -Dyarn.app.mapreduce.shuffle.log.filesize=0 -Dyarn.app.mapreduce.shuffle.log.backups=0 org.apache.hadoop.mapred.YarnChild 192.168.0.37 53235 attempt_1519262673035_0490_r_000042_3 412 1>/data/yarn/container-logs/application_1519262673035_0490/container_1519262673035_0490_01_000412/stdout 2>/data/yarn/container-logs/application_1519262673035_0490/container_1519262673035_0490_01_000412/stderr
|- 118789 118755 118755 118755 (java) 1924 93 2860195840 275812 /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_111/bin/java -Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true -Dhadoop.metrics.log.level=WARN -Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true -Xmx820m -Djava.io.tmpdir=/data/cdh/yarn/nm/usercache/root/appcache/application_1519262673035_0490/container_1519262673035_0490_01_000412/tmp -Dlog4j.configuration=container-log4j.properties -Dyarn.app.container.log.dir=/data/yarn/container-logs/application_1519262673035_0490/container_1519262673035_0490_01_000412 -Dyarn.app.container.log.filesize=0 -Dhadoop.root.logger=INFO,CLA -Dhadoop.root.logfile=syslog -Dyarn.app.mapreduce.shuffle.logger=INFO,shuffleCLA -Dyarn.app.mapreduce.shuffle.logfile=syslog.shuffle -Dyarn.app.mapreduce.shuffle.log.filesize=0 -Dyarn.app.mapreduce.shuffle.log.backups=0 org.apache.hadoop.mapred.YarnChild 192.168.0.37 53235 attempt_1519262673035_0490_r_000042_3 412
Container killed on request. Exit code is 143
Container exited with a non-zero exit code 143
FAILED: Execution Error, return code 2 from org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.mr.MapRedTask
MapReduce Jobs Launched:
Stage-Stage-1: Map: 8 Reduce: 27 Cumulative CPU: 183.28 sec HDFS Read: 1790840004 HDFS Write: 492703 SUCCESS
Stage-Stage-2: Map: 8 Reduce: 15 Cumulative CPU: 309.33 sec HDFS Read: 950007223 HDFS Write: 675072676 SUCCESS
Stage-Stage-3: Map: 16 Reduce: 11 Cumulative CPU: 573.67 sec HDFS Read: 675224947 HDFS Write: 685779920 SUCCESS
Stage-Stage-4: Map: 31 Reduce: 124 Cumulative CPU: 2929.47 sec HDFS Read: 8289071173 HDFS Write: 9167219076 SUCCESS
Stage-Stage-5: Map: 135 Reduce: 137 Cumulative CPU: 5936.56 sec HDFS Read: 9168741806 HDFS Write: 9834645116 SUCCESS
Stage-Stage-6: Map: 42 Reduce: 170 Cumulative CPU: 4886.68 sec HDFS Read: 11355167413 HDFS Write: 13183387340 SUCCESS
Stage-Stage-7: Map: 171 Reduce: 197 Cumulative CPU: 6094.89 sec HDFS Read: 13185924915 HDFS Write: 1261746521 FAIL
Total MapReduce CPU Time Spent: 0 days 5 hours 48 minutes 33 seconds 880 msec
原因:空间不足
解决办法:
在执行hive语句前加上
set mapreduce.map.memory.mb=1025;//只要大于1024,hive默认分配的内存分大一倍,也就是2048M
set mapreduce.reduce.memory.mb=1025;
最后
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