概述
备份恢复
恢复分为完全恢复和不完全恢复
不完全恢复可以基于时间，也可以基于scn
在测试的时候发现，恢复的节点必须在list backup中最大节点以后。【还要继续测试】
0级 --> 操作（建表1） --> 想恢复的时间节点1 --> 0级 --> 想恢复的时间节点2 --> 操作（建表2） -->想恢复的时间节点3 --> 停库恢复
会发现，无法恢复时间节点1，只能恢复0级以后的时间节点。【由于只有1副本，所以只能恢复到最近的0级备份时间点以后】====================================================
在之前是有一个全量备份的
Fri Sep 22 09:14:34 CST 2017 时间后，wxk 用户创建表
SQL> create table rman_test (id int);
Table created.
SQL> insert into rman_test values ( 1);
1 row created.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.将数据库恢复到 09:14:34
SQL> shutdown immediate ;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
[oracle@dg1 bak]$ rman target /
RMAN> startup mount ;
RMAN> list backup;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
1673 Incr 0 6.76M DISK 00:00:27 2017-09-22 08:47:47
BP Key: 1673 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: DB_LEV0
Piece Name: /data/bak/db_lev0_kksf358o_1_1_20170922
List of Datafiles in backup set 1673
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- ------------------- ----
3 0 Incr 2353748 2017-09-22 08:47:21 /oracle/app/oradata/dg1/undotbs01.dbf
7 0 Incr 2353748 2017-09-22 08:47:21 /oracle/app/oradata/dg1/deam.dbf
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
1674 Incr 0 39.52M DISK 00:01:08 2017-09-22 08:48:29
BP Key: 1674 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: DB_LEV0
Piece Name: /data/bak/db_lev0_knsf358p_1_1_20170922
List of Datafiles in backup set 1674
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- ------------------- ----
5 0 Incr 2353756 2017-09-22 08:47:21 /oracle/app/oradata/dg1/wxk.dbf
8 0 Incr 2353756 2017-09-22 08:47:21 /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/sde
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
1675 Incr 0 471.99M DISK 00:03:07 2017-09-22 08:50:28
BP Key: 1675 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: DB_LEV0
Piece Name: /data/bak/db_lev0_kmsf358p_1_1_20170922
List of Datafiles in backup set 1675
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- ------------------- ----
2 0 Incr 2353753 2017-09-22 08:47:21 /oracle/app/oradata/dg1/sysaux01.dbf
6 0 Incr 2353753 2017-09-22 08:47:21 /oracle/app/oradata/dg1/qsy.dbf
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
1676 Incr 0 656.73M DISK 00:03:12 2017-09-22 08:50:33
BP Key: 1676 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: DB_LEV0
Piece Name: /data/bak/db_lev0_klsf358p_1_1_20170922
List of Datafiles in backup set 1676
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- ------------------- ----
1 0 Incr 2353750 2017-09-22 08:47:21 /oracle/app/oradata/dg1/system01.dbf
4 0 Incr 2353750 2017-09-22 08:47:21 /oracle/app/oradata/dg1/users01.dbf
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
1679 2.00K DISK 00:00:00 2017-09-22 08:50:47
BP Key: 1679 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: ARC_BAK
Piece Name: /data/bak/arch_kssf35f7_1_1_20170922
List of Archived Logs in backup set 1679
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- ------------------- ---------- ---------
1 651 2353986 2017-09-22 08:50:45 2353994 2017-09-22 08:50:46
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
1681 5.51M DISK 00:00:00 2017-09-22 08:50:47
BP Key: 1681 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: ARC_BAK
Piece Name: /data/bak/arch_krsf35f7_1_1_20170922
List of Archived Logs in backup set 1681
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- ------------------- ---------- ---------
1 650 2351480 2017-09-22 08:44:00 2353986 2017-09-22 08:50:45
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
1684 Full 37.11M DISK 00:00:01 2017-09-22 08:50:55
BP Key: 1684 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20170922T085054
Piece Name: /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/c-1927319524-20170922-01
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 2017-09-22 08:45:05
SPFILE db_unique_name: DG1_PD
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 2354036 Ckp time: 2017-09-22 08:50:54
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
1685 Full 37.11M DISK 00:00:03 2017-09-22 09:10:34
BP Key: 1685 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20170922T091031
Piece Name: /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/c-1927319524-20170922-02
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 2017-09-22 08:54:14
SPFILE db_unique_name: DG1_PD
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 2354266 Ckp time: 2017-09-22 09:10:31
RMAN> restore database;
RMAN> recover database until time "to_date('2017-09-22 09:14:34','yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss')";
RMAN> alter database open resetlogs;
SQL> select table_name from user_tables;查看，找不到rman_test 表了，测试成功。
创建表
SQL> create table rman_test2 (name varchar2(10));
Table created.
SQL> commit ;
Commit complete.
Fri Sep 22 10:11:37 CST 2017目标：恢复到10:11:37之前 rman_test2 不存在
RMAN> shutdown immediate;
RMAN> restore database;这里查看rman 备份集合
结果和恢复后做对比。
RMAN> recover database until time "to_date('2017-09-22 10:00:37','yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss')";
SQL> conn wxk/wxk
Connected.
SQL> select * from rman_test2;
select * from rman_test2
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00942: table or view does not exist查不到表 rman_test2 ，测试成功
检查rman 备份集合
RMAN> list backup ;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
1673 Incr 0 6.76M DISK 00:00:27 2017-09-22 08:47:47
BP Key: 1673 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: DB_LEV0
Piece Name: /data/bak/db_lev0_kksf358o_1_1_20170922
List of Datafiles in backup set 1673
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- ------------------- ----
3 0 Incr 2353748 2017-09-22 08:47:21 /oracle/app/oradata/dg1/undotbs01.dbf
7 0 Incr 2353748 2017-09-22 08:47:21 /oracle/app/oradata/dg1/deam.dbf
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
1674 Incr 0 39.52M DISK 00:01:08 2017-09-22 08:48:29
BP Key: 1674 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: DB_LEV0
Piece Name: /data/bak/db_lev0_knsf358p_1_1_20170922
List of Datafiles in backup set 1674
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- ------------------- ----
5 0 Incr 2353756 2017-09-22 08:47:21 /oracle/app/oradata/dg1/wxk.dbf
8 0 Incr 2353756 2017-09-22 08:47:21 /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/sde
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
1675 Incr 0 471.99M DISK 00:03:07 2017-09-22 08:50:28
BP Key: 1675 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: DB_LEV0
Piece Name: /data/bak/db_lev0_kmsf358p_1_1_20170922
List of Datafiles in backup set 1675
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- ------------------- ----
2 0 Incr 2353753 2017-09-22 08:47:21 /oracle/app/oradata/dg1/sysaux01.dbf
6 0 Incr 2353753 2017-09-22 08:47:21 /oracle/app/oradata/dg1/qsy.dbf
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
1676 Incr 0 656.73M DISK 00:03:12 2017-09-22 08:50:33
BP Key: 1676 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: DB_LEV0
Piece Name: /data/bak/db_lev0_klsf358p_1_1_20170922
List of Datafiles in backup set 1676
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- ------------------- ----
1 0 Incr 2353750 2017-09-22 08:47:21 /oracle/app/oradata/dg1/system01.dbf
4 0 Incr 2353750 2017-09-22 08:47:21 /oracle/app/oradata/dg1/users01.dbf
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
1679 2.00K DISK 00:00:00 2017-09-22 08:50:47
BP Key: 1679 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: ARC_BAK
Piece Name: /data/bak/arch_kssf35f7_1_1_20170922
List of Archived Logs in backup set 1679
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- ------------------- ---------- ---------
1 651 2353986 2017-09-22 08:50:45 2353994 2017-09-22 08:50:46
BS Key Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
1681 5.51M DISK 00:00:00 2017-09-22 08:50:47
BP Key: 1681 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: ARC_BAK
Piece Name: /data/bak/arch_krsf35f7_1_1_20170922
List of Archived Logs in backup set 1681
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- ------------------- ---------- ---------
1 650 2351480 2017-09-22 08:44:00 2353986 2017-09-22 08:50:45
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
1684 Full 37.11M DISK 00:00:01 2017-09-22 08:50:55
BP Key: 1684 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20170922T085054
Piece Name: /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/c-1927319524-20170922-01
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 2017-09-22 08:45:05
SPFILE db_unique_name: DG1_PD
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 2354036 Ckp time: 2017-09-22 08:50:54
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
1685 Full 37.11M DISK 00:00:03 2017-09-22 09:10:34
BP Key: 1685 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20170922T091031
Piece Name: /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/c-1927319524-20170922-02
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 2017-09-22 08:54:14
SPFILE db_unique_name: DG1_PD
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 2354266 Ckp time: 2017-09-22 09:10:31
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
1686 Full 37.11M DISK 00:00:03 2017-09-22 09:46:10
BP Key: 1686 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20170922T094607
Piece Name: /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/c-1927319524-20170922-03
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 2017-09-22 09:39:08
SPFILE db_unique_name: DG1_PD
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 2354873 Ckp time: 2017-09-22 09:46:07
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
1687 Full 37.11M DISK 00:00:02 2017-09-22 11:46:22
BP Key: 1687 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20170922T114620
Piece Name: /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/c-1927319524-20170922-04
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 2017-09-22 10:16:08
SPFILE db_unique_name: DG1_PD
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 2356553 Ckp time: 2017-09-22 11:46:20发现备份的ckpt 又变化了，说明打开数据库后，重新应用了归档。
那么，这样打开后，能不能再重新使用我们的备份集合，再次恢复到2017-09-22 10:00:37 呢？
这时候真实时间已经到了11:46:20 左右，我们要再次恢复到10:00:37
开始测试
RMAN> shutdown immediate ;
database closed
database dismounted
Oracle instance shut down
RMAN>
RMAN> startup mount ;
connected to target database (not started)
Oracle instance started
database mounted
Total System Global Area 1068937216 bytes
Fixed Size 2260088 bytes
Variable Size 671089544 bytes
Database Buffers 390070272 bytes
Redo Buffers 5517312 bytes
RMAN>restore database;这时，我们输入：
RMAN> recover database until time "to_date('2017-09-22 10:00:37','yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss')";
Starting recover at 2017-09-22 12:29:18
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2
using channel ORA_DISK_3
using channel ORA_DISK_4
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 09/22/2017 12:29:18
RMAN-20207: UNTIL TIME or RECOVERY WINDOW is before RESETLOGS time会报错！！！【继续检查】要怎么去处理呢？
查看
RMAN> list incarnation;
List of Database Incarnations
DB Key Inc Key DB Name DB ID STATUS Reset SCN Reset Time
------- ------- -------- ---------------- --- ---------- ----------
1 1 DG1 1927319524 PARENT 1 2017-06-06 12:25:08
2 2 DG1 1927319524 PARENT 2354170 2017-09-22 09:10:22
3 3 DG1 1927319524 PARENT 2354785 2017-09-22 09:46:01
4 4 DG1 1927319524 CURRENT 2356463 2017-09-22 11:46:14
RMAN> reset database to incarnation 3;
database reset to incarnation 3
RMAN> recover database until time "to_date('2017-09-22 10:00:36','yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss')";
Starting recover at 2017-09-22 13:56:55
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2
using channel ORA_DISK_3
using channel ORA_DISK_4
starting media recovery
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 650 is already on disk as file /oracle/app/oradata/arch/1_650_945951908.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 651 is already on disk as file /oracle/app/oradata/arch/1_651_945951908.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 652 is already on disk as file /oracle/app/oradata/arch/1_652_945951908.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 1 is already on disk as file /oracle/app/oradata/arch/1_1_955357822.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 2 is already on disk as file /oracle/app/oradata/arch/1_2_955357822.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 3 is already on disk as file /oracle/app/oradata/arch/1_3_955357822.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 1 is already on disk as file /oracle/app/oradata/arch/1_1_955359961.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 2 is already on disk as file /oracle/app/oradata/arch/1_2_955359961.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 3 is already on disk as file /oracle/app/oradata/arch/1_3_955359961.dbf
archived log file name=/oracle/app/oradata/arch/1_650_945951908.dbf thread=1 sequence=650
archived log file name=/oracle/app/oradata/arch/1_651_945951908.dbf thread=1 sequence=651
archived log file name=/oracle/app/oradata/arch/1_652_945951908.dbf thread=1 sequence=652
archived log file name=/oracle/app/oradata/arch/1_1_955357822.dbf thread=1 sequence=1
archived log file name=/oracle/app/oradata/arch/1_2_955357822.dbf thread=1 sequence=2
archived log file name=/oracle/app/oradata/arch/1_3_955357822.dbf thread=1 sequence=3
archived log file name=/oracle/app/oradata/arch/1_1_955359961.dbf thread=1 sequence=1
archived log file name=/oracle/app/oradata/arch/1_2_955359961.dbf thread=1 sequence=2
archived log file name=/oracle/app/oradata/arch/1_3_955359961.dbf thread=1 sequence=3
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
Finished recover at 2017-09-22 13:57:00
RMAN> alter database open resetlogs;恢复成功。
原理理解：
我们在做RMAN恢复的时候，可以使用list incarnation 命令查看控制文件包含了哪些对应物。
当在做Media Recover的不完全恢复时，通过resetlogs打开库，则Incarnation（数据库对应物）表示这个数据库的特定的逻辑生存期。
DBA可能有时需要这样的恢复：需要使用上次执行resetlogs命令打开数据库前生成的一个备份来进行还原数据库，或者可能需要还原到执行上一个resetlogs命令之前的时间点。
最后进行一个总结：
在有1个0级备份和n个1级备份的时候我们这样进行不完全恢复【恢复到某个0级备份的后的时间点，通过归档进行恢复的】
恢复到 2017-09-22 09:14:34
SQL> shutdown immediate ;
[oracle@dg1 bak]$ rman target /
RMAN> startup mount ;
RMAN> list backup;
RMAN> restore database;
RMAN> recover database until time "to_date('2017-09-22 09:14:34','yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss')";
RMAN> alter database open resetlogs;重新进行生产，时间到了11:46:20 以后。再次用该备份恢复到 2017-09-22 10:00:36
SQL> shutdown immediate ;
[oracle@dg1 bak]$ rman target /
RMAN> list incarnation;
List of Database Incarnations
DB Key Inc Key DB Name DB ID STATUS Reset SCN Reset Time
------- ------- -------- ---------------- --- ---------- ----------
1 1 DG1 1927319524 PARENT 1 2017-06-06 12:25:08
2 2 DG1 1927319524 PARENT 2354170 2017-09-22 09:10:22
3 3 DG1 1927319524 PARENT 2354785 2017-09-22 09:46:01
4 4 DG1 1927319524 CURRENT 2356463 2017-09-22 11:46:14
RMAN> reset database to incarnation 3; #恢复到上一个对应物
RMAN>restore database;
RMAN> recover database until time "to_date('2017-09-22 10:00:36','yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss')";
RMAN> alter database open resetlogs;恢复后会发现一个ORPHAN 说明这个对应物是一个孤立的，那个将无法使用了。
RMAN> list incarnation;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
List of Database Incarnations
DB Key Inc Key DB Name DB ID STATUS Reset SCN Reset Time
------- ------- -------- ---------------- --- ---------- ----------
1 1 DG1 1927319524 PARENT 1 06-JUN-17
2 2 DG1 1927319524 PARENT 2354170 22-SEP-17
3 3 DG1 1927319524 PARENT 2354785 22-SEP-17
5 5 DG1 1927319524 CURRENT 2356462 22-SEP-17
4 4 DG1 1927319524 ORPHAN 2356463 22-SEP-17最后
以上就是飞快西装为你收集整理的备份恢复- 完全恢复和不完全恢复的全部内容，希望文章能够帮你解决备份恢复- 完全恢复和不完全恢复所遇到的程序开发问题。
如果觉得靠谱客网站的内容还不错，欢迎将靠谱客网站推荐给程序员好友。
本图文内容来源于网友提供，作为学习参考使用，或来自网络收集整理，版权属于原作者所有。
发表评论 取消回复