如何在已安装Python解释器的Linux上更新Python

在Linux环境下升级Python （附：解决pip报错

subprocess.CalledProcessError: Command '('lsb_release', '-a')' returned non-zero exit status 1.

链接：https://blog.csdn.net/little_stupid_child/article/details/82747227

问题

）

1. 先删除存在的Python的软链接

 

# CD /usr/bin
# sudo  rm python2

 

 

2. 下载新的Python安装包www.python.org

 

3. 解压下载好的Python-3.x.x.tgz包(具体包名因你下载的Python具体版本不不同⽽而不不同，如：我下载的是Python3.6.8.那我这里就是Python-3.6.8.tgz)

# tar -zvxf python3.6.8.tgz

 

cd 到python3.6.8目录下

然后依次执行以下代码:

 

make

# make

 

 

 

 

make install

 

make install    或者 make && make install

 

 

 

 

5.建立python3的软链

 

#sudo ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3  /usr/bin/python3

 

 

 

6.并将/usr/local/python3/bin加入PATH

 

 

# vim ~/.bash_profile

 

 

 

# .bash_profile

 

 

 

# Get the aliases and functions
 
 
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
# User specific environment and startup programs
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/python3/bin
export PATH
 

 按ESC，输入:wq 或者 输入：x  回车退出。

 

修改完记得执行行下面的命令，让上一步的修改生效：

 

# source ~/.bash_profile

 

检查Python3及pip3是否正常可用：

 

# python3 -V
Python 3.6.8

 

 

 

 

 

# pip3 -V
pip 18.0.1 from

 

 

 

 
/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/site-packages (python 3.6)

 

 

 

 

7.不行的话在创建一下pip3的软链接(我也不清楚这一步有什么用)

 

 

# ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3

 

 

注：

　　

提示找不到SSL模块

python安装完毕后，提示找不到ssl模块：

 

[root@localhost ~]# python2.7.5
Python 2.7.5 (default, Jun 3 2013, 11:08:43)
[GCC 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-54)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import ssl
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
File "/usr/local/python27/lib/python2.7/ssl.py", line 60, in <module>
import _ssl # if we can't import it, let the error propagate
ImportError: No module named _ssl
>>>

 

5.2 重新编译python（去掉最后4行的注释）

#修改Setup文件

vim /root/Python-3.6.5/Modules/Setup.dist

 

#修改结果如下：

# Socket module helper for socket(2)
_socket socketmodule.c timemodule.c
# Socket module helper for SSL support; you must comment out the other
# socket line above, and possibly edit the SSL variable:
SSL=/usr/local/ssl
_ssl _ssl.c 
-DUSE_SSL -I$(SSL)/include -I$(SSL)/include/openssl 
-L$(SSL)/lib -lssl -lcrypto

 

5.3 再次编译安装

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python

 

make
make install

 

5.4 测试，已可正常使用。

[root@localhost ~]# python
Python 3.6.4 (default, Jun 3 2013, 14:56:13)
[GCC 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-54)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import ssl
>>>