目录

题目描述

输入/输出描述

解题思路

代码

代码走读

 测试用例

1. 正常场景

2. 鲁棒性测试场景

传送门

题目描述

随机生成一个txt文件。要求文件的行数随机1 -- 100行。每一行随机1 -- 100个字符。字符随机从数字和大小写字母中选取。

输入一个字符，计算该字符在随机生成的txt文件中出现的次数。如果输入的是字母，不区分大小写，来计算其出现的次数。

条件限制：从txt文件中读取内容时，为了避免占用过多的内存，要求限制在100字节/次的读取速度。

输入/输出描述

输入：想要检测的字符（只能是数字或英文大小写字母）

输出：该字符在随机文件中和出现的次数。（不区分大小写）

解题思路

1、预置输出文件或清空文件

2、生成随机字符并写入文件

3、计算次数

代码

import string
import random

def rollback(url):
    open(url, "w").write("")
    return


def read_file(url, ele, size=100):
    count = 0
    with open(url, "r") as f:
        while True:
            line = f.read(size)
            if not line:
                break

            count += process(line, ele)
    f.close()
    return count


def process(line, ele):
    lower = line.lower()
    return lower.count(ele.lower())


pools = string.digits + string.ascii_letters
path = "example.txt"
logo = input("Please input a char to count numbers in file: ")
if len(logo) > 1:
    logo = logo[0]

if logo not in pools:
    print("Invalid Char input.")
    exit()

# 预置输出文件或清空文件
rollback(path)

# 按要求生成随机内容并写入文件
lines_num = random.randint(1, 100)
for i in range(lines_num):
    char_num = random.randint(1, 100)
    write_str = ""

    for j in range(char_num):
        rs = random.choice(pools)
        write_str += rs
    write_str += "n"
    open(path, "a").write(write_str)

print("count char %s: %s" % (logo, read_file(path, logo)))

代码走读

import string
import random

# 资源预置。创建或清空txt文件
def rollback(url):
    open(url, "w").write("")
    return


# 读文件，读取速度限制在100字节/次，返回计算出字符出现的次数的结果
def read_file(url, ele, size=100):
    count = 0
    with open(url, "r") as f:
        while True:
            line = f.read(size)
            if not line:
                break

            count += process(line, ele)
    f.close()
    return count


# 真正计算次数的函数，将读取到的字符片段转化为小写（因为要求不区分大小写），在统一进行计算
def process(line, ele):
    lower = line.lower()
    return lower.count(ele.lower())


# 代码开始的位置。pools表示随机字符池，包含数字字符0-9和大小写字母。
pools = string.digits + string.ascii_letters
# txt文件的路径
path = "example.txt"
# 输入待检测次数的字符。如果输入多个字符，则只检测第一个输入的字符。如果第一个输入的字符不在pools中，则报错并终止程序
logo = input("Please input a char to count numbers in file: ")
if len(logo) > 1:
    logo = logo[0]

if logo not in pools:
    print("Invalid Char input.")
    exit()

# 调用自定义的rollback()函数预置输出文件或清空文件
rollback(path)

# 按要求生成随机内容并写入文件
# lines_num随机行数。char_num每一行的随机字符数
lines_num = random.randint(1, 100)
for i in range(lines_num):
    char_num = random.randint(1, 100)
    write_str = ""

    for j in range(char_num):
        rs = random.choice(pools)
        write_str += rs
    write_str += "n"
# 将随机字符拼接后的write_str写入txt文件中
    open(path, "a").write(write_str)

# 打印结果
print("count char %s: %s" % (logo, read_file(path, logo)))

 测试用例

1. 正常场景

输入数字字符

运行结果：

Please input a char to count numbers in file: 6
count char 6: 58

随机生成的txt文件：

l1Mbo3ZeBk8Z3MnoQWMHUbg1D66m3rkRgWzJvOwZGMM80nKFaDFjTlUUKoY9Tg16DelvjEdu0v
oT7nchW
S7rHwYeaQqsC2wf7dzXqWLAMz7Eb4lONGJquyKRElH0ScunfmxppU2
cqoD5kfEwdpsRU3EpecuBZkwCdWYzLzX44WppZ0Fnk3q7bMXEeckM3
7Usyjnxm6hhdR1jDMt8ohEHFO631agEjWFMgLSCQjFZjYNvzAqiyef1
D2Z4GHSCpmkZfl5l3Vr5DM0w7DglSHNzN0eU9oSdlMV06OJoAz3Da2HeMSXCNZ1gTdYVhkmbJVkV
o1GDuKeBecs2nuuddB0f2b6cqwJokapN
Dk4eMkjAG98gyobUjVsBncKVfCZcH78nTJZylEmsEDPuXqmf0k2aOqMymaaXmeh4QnFkpJAEzxvwKpU3nqg
X
ZgZYZZgXvgyhotkL5JMiMDDdcOMqpogN5AyyjZ0MhqhfqExh40f
O5vfL2
M9pX9ogy2ntbFtRrZPDEGdkYBL4Q7qLMpSo0FvqKZI1vlGhUnqvhHPHbLboVlFvIplHPjY43
C3BNQw1mRJ8gsGnZJmS5vWPiRkw
xbUBxOUEEHAzpMl83UJFOTPW9HdNysxGcPRBmfsV
7r9zRyiHtcjNPlkuP2mHOFUazthT6tOdM5z6n99lf2KnKtuAbAY4keiP8lQpe0gLjJF4QmW8ZamvGYh1WWRZ
VzEKN9elJ3Jm0L02CsOnxKZ94lD3k9qiBvwAIW3IiKYj4vLWzjSxWVqDQOlcOoTq
iK2ZMZveLqszHbQl7v8BKD3ofH7T6
R9bDayMVbu3ORKXv6Qro7Qlr5yvQQuRUzW7mZmt2o4LE2YFt5s33OMZSHW0E2VuC1m
fkVnlZcg66c3rik8YE1YxhVW1tdK1aOiH6DpWQYd4l9zYBkLTKsB87
jw1dXsePCI9FsGVbDsVZTc0C4c2Q8GJyyi6zYCxDgvpV32ERDxFCp8irqSw3
xCAgPIPFNjVnekbtQqCSiQerBCgVouuNO2CeE1aZQ64DOyL0yAq9apUaXzGxGly2S0jdnIxm5gvgDf55MDx
I9osxR3HJc4o9BFHahKwJSLyMvMTK3IXVR8wUBqpitpWqrbCbZTz2YqJUjnFHSAoi6
WKFhw8vTcG8uJOG8jQC5c7568QKfzR53Jn7g6Qru
HOYknsIVDa54UIycnkdAP4czXbkOORfoLlnWbwtz01U3W
i6dId6BwtGLJzv14dx2Bhm5SY9HWs7HdPAX8xL1edA8weXr3OHpjTDrA1eeosItcZJc6BZEyH9hKoP5zAjvpvrIHtSL
7ZvFlSfsZdhn3hHzLppdKoZNtZfxyH5f2MyekhrE7dxlUJy8EmuQZj7YkVCFrTnUH1pGbikL7vy3ooruRnZ2UiISOhw
2sVrBuwOkdsDfmPjZOhe5tMfoyAY1b1Wm2rW0YjFf8S56mSIh877pbcVAeCtzzZnRlEcgRkBGoO0aejAuV94dIy
6HvEmDZvPgfxqycYLK92AZyKZS5K9GoqnNVUb9pu1sOfehYimvZnN5Tn47bLPLO6nhb
l5
qkiq5UDJPJnxx9YGBPy1beA
JSXh2g2
9AlviUoohCs6P0LG0Dibf2nZJwyNDQlRx3QYjY4Lpj6mKpS9syD8tE4xd
hdFvRSGcie34pim0Lkb3Lbdn7DELralkYizQ6YTMVu0XCMb1eqNKVAwQ0AEPaAfxk0lGUEmyDJretyt
UAPIPnqs9OCkmMx
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0RyuhQehNQlY52S0utIGicpNvUFmUK7OxGHw1ZYxkS9JOXNOahG8EQkyBCnSPQR5JsO
RbWSJT9y4Xt0
JxLhe69E6GIYvLxX8oVIz3ctML0oqlWnkAcizi4y01aD2vOQUPDP8s0M
pMWNfczWJBWg1xDEkiUp5WbKVbqEqHfnTknb
dwz5FdmpDxoaNmPpemjRtL3sH8fuAXTBh8hVrp9eKctgWG7ZxirwW8a6GQC7mYP55EB0NusrG6J02TGfqN
Mbe9Re5KpZ9r
SDuYnhqFMyz4JVfVVDIW
jMZ6pRojgTSjYXfFgE1cQIl0IwqNnFnxVqnU72eZn3bMs5loe
6cjvWsv4gXoRCUj6IpF66tDboxouSqGF977VDv306vAOeqqL5F3j0UxjEtRHGzxblgsvR
iZdAENPChU5SQRGn1oMJtEJb5Dq6JTciUWB
VFvNl27ssFN46ORHGmUq
nxWV3CX6Ck4SolDgcf3zkEKQJo5hvv3PH9WENfGUOERQmpqmp5x5XfbySv91Sb
9FmzDCVVvlIvGMnlxgrQq7Ym4ML4sUjvneauW1a3D942WrVIEuhg9MfZ6P8oU1EzVoidaHDGKOUyOkp7
5XDS2cO8qN0QTJGBfp396EbZrE1sfd4DZtk
yqwShvIpTCVYDe1y
WjZ62GnXPYGbr8r1H2lTXUU4iOevRs62BTs3PIbwPT6We3Vk
DwF
vAnPI1PVFwjxGr0ZJiMMhyD6H2G4ndYhs9RaB94Mh4nDRXqQ6l7eqhAdgEMnVa1ags9Poxg7ykyBUJgEBzBi5Z
z86t3r5US9dDPwmr7nn
gw
UOMkLey2izwvnMqPkPTBTFqHuGs0EHQVx4IuRAxFyczssTqbZQRVuo8gOTIzKjSHqMnEsD1KOhrOIqoJhRjR
c2RCCtT90eMBreS7EA3umIqBgAMPBTlhWEVyron
YupK9cbJKn9vsC54WGivd3VUHYmQ
7IxrV99uPyV6k4zyJw
JM0rDkD12VnYjnPoG8ZSPDszAG5pmGGp2Tl8nikhG
d1YEqH
fv4

输入大写字母

运行结果：

Please input a char to count numbers in file: K
count char K: 172

随机生成的txt文件：

B7BcBQ2RcsqURFURtPPDstODP7VilVp0mauM82ouofASxAyzPVAengRn3SXZNdeX5OLD
Q7Szd7ktChwSeRTlDSu2e4YNLhT7M01EpMVG4y5qaLo
p5qDF4Y2k6UInEPREkodLJnSUY
81jxooalylZI575LeNg52WCEw7emHyUuZ6H97bpj2nu8
0j3PECuEM0lzfmFYY6v90og0j8DGiEYMU8xnvheClD5r1qABkIxw6T3CVhGsMd3fFAzsoLTZsgDL2sOGHzJZa9ffz
PqepQkXljATZXeddbZREv8A1l824izkzPXCLfDZrUiPMSoBkbSCwVe
0XUxvf5dWCrX7s35kD8ZNDuUn0Vko
jk7fZUWdhxc8jktgZ
zV1abEz3kO9JiMua8joh1wrpTq9s98kYJt
8rX1N5Gg4eM31fdJHUOTJZy7bW0b5lQgoYqa4D4EO2MNREgcl8vDjDyImIkjoIQS
TknzUZSGyzeuBrNEDeTVRyvabwKiMibkIZkhsxyEBOvaAaaBc4Ggrod
Zf
KLiyTYlkuDXkuoZwsf3TilclYg5r7NOdfMZiF7pMxEgKwF9CONzSgZDiBJDGkhKNh3knJEHGdHzvk2Mf4exz0vtCrhlD
Ep
L3LhenJWTHs7ZpyAX2GMtfFOZY0N
SRdoDUHMUjlRnTbO1hwJGW4kwsFxaqx9pyiX1ze35JsDz4HVEMr4hndB2Tewm3W4SBjzTZyj9Qv
IGhLB8ozdft9zoruufKVFDwrU6UX4xR5hVGhSTdToGWcNG2yfyRvBY1zsJoIJLsS
ts1GcUTs3IrBDtd92YRvr2gu6nV208murgTMFSdkLdNoTiWUvmteBJZDshXEbxMDG8KAtzZqfiqVXuSq9Dy
toVSIV8LJijRiKB7RuDU5OxgSnIySv
w8B8507cWSznKZlMW1IFEZUCslVCdmarN2zIqbyyHiMlAVZRtC0pILS9dpJDsXMdcxVGgPibxDjq
763xehYwqy6OMQd4WHkbkY68DWeb68hotNfQGlit2tdmqjHByEajGbWZjnpCwme8Zt3
28eO3SBXcjvJibkU03VMv5uR1bkNBIZPypJ
9rpWALCx3SFqsnf5BKur1R5b4VW3cG9faEZ3NVUeGv7NMvsXj2f28u4zJSecygHXfW6aHeaXqL5wL6vCd6VxBKPfFpEy9I
fJQn3qLnxccvUIdSTiOkU0ner7F1iAlWtY8zQMTSAdxM6Az6TJ9JACPBZWQRMsv7KstUeTaBRcEpWl3ehth
PQmKhPQB33257VCPEfmSzL3JAi9tieyjPSz0c8621qFyQa3FPFwcX8VNEkkiWkx
pAFsX0qIOaSaY8UxIX1C6QHoboa6BCIkxhvQPxDqQrqTS7mscVDQbaVDMWUUOt
iCPoPfUIDMx64Zy8evjZaxP
HauMkyU5dXQDetEDrxlPKHnSCv6b7JeTSxVntIDBFG5Dy6eBdfLSU3nK2RW8VTmyb0zPVZ2cUfef6aO8t8Lk
xMYpPN0vQ1x4KvitvXqPLqOlzJB11XMYr1PlHhVNrEokWKesGjesPbuQTcbZq5XCpc5
xzC5ke1A
e22qpqwkkVkElVDrLKLir3JMX4zxZLJ5ZXGkFByd2xB8uyyYNpGfnaSxXFA
qk8ng45HNF8fLBeSxa5OoCsp8YO2S0Zij62AZOqikZdM
6oO82gwR1VyYgbagnjhWzi36Ol5IiRt1XriKDiKYU0IR0t8bA63gtGRei1I4icx2qx9CVKcaG1nq9
bPEH81IVZckIcGgQ1xglG8K
bKjLL9eZlCdea7k1TznGcsKzLfkxpQwOannvGALymQ0RleVu9ucJbXNfJx27wVyMgkcDLAvcE
4JIsLAtDYMYJASEWOrKWqupbwGfaKPROYEwxU2jkxG2YJ02Eo4wBsgi7dR5WZNC
ka2bBoxhM7iKuk7x93RkbWPdIfgtjKyFF2B2HyBAnniLUfRaeI355NSoETADUOsPDxtYrG6CPRdFwJBqT
HSv4BEgxzhkYkOrwGEVZdHrb5JYrkc3NOaj6y8vDx5rkGrLRFoNpKKqV78E
5tMNYliaUhKCWP22nSYJ1NnAeEYKVjuCgjX1ROjoI3XZlMzZxdjTlkwcmbvhtq
U5RdRyoN4DC
DRx7uY3cjkcQUbUoW8P32EXDNv30nFUj6t0UF
bgj5d2w1kmEw3dYiSJbSwEktkGJxdBRGUvLCvEdRcjX2CCfK1opjzV8H3VwLr9C5kRe1V9dAf2ejaZs1B
WGurcrr1jyljRU1dbK
ANY2vYF1YFGXVWVDzli3psY6FtrUeS
3WYkurzw1Rwmc
31uikgdXOgDR1tZkrqBCumfcC6AleJsRmeRT5ItEMzqwdiYzvnC8Mek38oiWtV7LjwIvLUY9qBYlWap2zL1x
cN
yQeBpEbl8HqR3sR98EHM0dO7Ea80ZqMvUZdObNygttr51YbJV00fNakTYKn53XJaQquI4NTXfCTRi5bKTyAEgfGHVhaRH
s5gXIP1xKdj5FnPWlPv6U
nAuOOWqofHEiA7UfS2AgTN
2orv5aYw1gOfIDW6nprshyuvikfFN8
TjtxM7L6xmHsjpw1y2UFAXFVXhANGn0GI16VbFJ9I0WzDORay4
8KQzOl9k4cM12jU5Px
luV4JHGl9XvdGdKSMjeGgvbSBbVRzSYWpE53H7Lk2bt3xfwmKjnpZfne4xsVIvvbIWa48f6Tfgsv3xI
f6eufxBqGAt5t4tns0XqRhhuCwTwYgvLr8uAHwjtZW3I2ecP5Xjo1OcJ8DP8H1nCCh0PI2yR8uPNMs6AGevHZqibLwBiZD4
byYgYStwON7uAxOLqYfsEeyTg98l9cbPzUcm2sHSTJ3p9GKsFqw4CKVCXwlezLicUszr6qnzwJ5nw9FrC2pD
2Hjw8hPJy0yjx45Ot1
1YqgzanmkYMhPkuzh2sIM4WlaMIPlMXemnJfmVQW
qJHAYGUbCiLsKjyF03VjWoSlehQHED8GgDIgHqGsP2G0
enUgLFb
eoLLFiLF4nko5f97i9DpFRHEvqzEC3m13VYPG6oCbx5ghLobWO8
PvH8Eb
xDyaEGAABiGR2DOpbDTLkeqhZdFWU3CbexJ7jlt7ew1jQ8nIL6UXXaVaKyL5UuN2tQahokIYSCtvA3kxEYz
RFtY0MmAr8kzSD76gwSxWhD
V5II8RG3ybxF71fbh9tNFWvjaxkR6Pkcqa7xsyRXtoJdZk5HdeD
im6FN2NZrNGeb0LVseMbLad2bgj
2eV6uyhmgEQpbETogFMthNyfagjU2rPV1EE5len0Cv95wce77m2qfVjMNiGFrv2YOKV
dMbzvyUEQ9ICOHVusCRK3gDDG3tBbgDTNt1rQ9ZvlKJ5f7c8GmjpH5sjuzh
BI5j8oTwMo0iTuLljLvoV2QTnoCdCAYQqbxlq4YxDb5ukIh7FoJIDc
DNC6D
jAd
IQ4KSsVPnZRpiGmDTHxA6XCSI7HL5vKpm43STG3wxmmi6HEevYYGAikz5jdkvmxB7INDlNeKILUu1BuOOk1ZHCZipjU36i4oj
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6BlRMxRU
NmaEV9Dot3f8Zj1sOYnptiFwmsKvQFmcKXDNatjM6pXKMN3STlTWtghmMpI0CAUNCzTyOjb2CG9V4GrKtdhEboWYM0
Xizy02bHchDRUNkzLBUuhqKKzCKcFTsMXZsytJ98xY06
FiujDecBhvfQMzfQLnIOdLtPM75lTOnglEFTGLspuwNSdooNxlh0n17avFJkOuvijA
K
1q7
Bd5beBHiNldACGj1WEfMRlEhovs1vgV37AokI4ItGwdd1HJny
KEjb79hO
JwgNvKiRfxZG1EjFJ2I5R
HHvBPy
038Hu7HV2Qsevp93IxYfBOtf
eiXSx2
DyP7UOIWuiSXzrLHHKbn88uO2Ltwu9Ng0Ahi4DGPp7vPwXjbuskDDYrAGZPQ2UjoZc
fxvPGsGgfNsPryLYP9Z8GWv3GmSPxWwWWDzmTF7esz4xtwwN2AYVBtoicmP4s2CkPo4eCN1pb48NrmgVtijPfSf8y03
PmL9weSAZBb5qhUXUSsUQAjRP4YbmUGXtZwmT5SO1DGje5c1F7Sg3OWYqYMHs6
4yRN0oB6YyL02SmAjLbSOhee4X1hv4XGHSbI73rFGU7f38KMsJzVOrLDcVxlJgAk6orKbhsf9J4nZJi4Q
K5yyZ5sU5PleEAzdNSSDfQ3L8XOdsekFJAeqINXMUE4Zla3cjhWflbQHoQHUJIrnFgg
J9beDK9LTTzuD9d3qqzEn2g1rSk41ud2BZ
ctR62NqzjU33hPkeTksmnYa10qWPwoDHQq7c3Wv2zof6dLQkfVmEKvqZi2xoRo2lyPkpi
Mg75Tad95mr4JTosx35ztgAyK0nwCgKBlkwC49yxQvOdT0DhutetwwT
ezf0dDRYdR95mRJUJmAueePFW9lPsanXQqXXg8a
5ooNY4RMuQYMQcga6EHCpYOnIdIUKTBYdvJteRN2SgwKK8vTuyGucvaa6TyhSdpU2HEj1U9xL
W6X2ezKiUYoEVqCfmfsMWH4z5rZozG8xO4cNn5LHisa2lsY8lj
uRVktchLRghduwHtpp9BOJUon3pgQ6LfnhFOmktCUPqHdTMRauCaTdmpHcyVgSFF48UDNwjgPAdyZwb0OWbZ
zAfsjg00Onu0X6u9nDQ2XC2wlS8SlMBlG5shrpNTuOnJ1
OJ3SqCFfuKdLWYlaUxDFuugNsLNOweT0xAJayOIpnsGIGViPTrX7u1apOPHHl2IWyR1cLZwZUPy1Y6UyDBCwa4oPR9
WJ1VXlPMdrDaZQs63yNDmwcWsYiVm2fWiSxzu9ULTJZkpFISpw1O83HmgDdGE

输入小写字母

运行结果：

Please input a char to count numbers in file: y
count char y: 72

随机生成的txt文件：

pqEL2UcEIi1VqzfSUpTGNHbFNT0UoJYTQNY08ixHb6wo0YpRQCVSbmcDU5LN9jg9eBn0CR9vcAQptrGitfWgAgaawSrc9d7cTZI
97kQDafIxjUvY10JNu
DnhSTyx
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2. 鲁棒性测试场景

输入多个字符

运行结果：

Please input a char to count numbers in file: myapps
count char m: 38

由此看出，程序面对多输入场景，只计算输入的首字符功能OK.

输入非pools内的字符（即不是数字0-9和英文大小写字母的字符）

运行结果：

Please input a char to count numbers in file: &
Invalid Char input.

    由此看出，程序面对非法字符的场景中能够识别并及时终止程序，避免无意义的资源浪费（生成文件并查找造成的时间和空间消耗）

传送门

1. input()函数

Python input函数_TCatTime的博客-CSDN博客

2. len()函数

Python len函数_TCatTime的博客-CSDN博客

3. print()函数

Python print函数：将内容打印到标准输出_TCatTime的博客-CSDN博客

4. exit()函数

Python exit函数_TCatTime的博客-CSDN博客

5. range()函数

Python range函数_TCatTime的博客-CSDN博客

最后

以上就是平淡水蜜桃为你收集整理的计算文本文件中特定字符的数量（Python）题目描述输入/输出描述解题思路代码代码走读 测试用例传送门的全部内容，希望文章能够帮你解决计算文本文件中特定字符的数量（Python）题目描述输入/输出描述解题思路代码代码走读 测试用例传送门所遇到的程序开发问题。

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