网络知识——HSRP

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我是靠谱客的博主精明棒球，最近开发中收集的这篇文章主要介绍网络知识——HSRP，觉得挺不错的，现在分享给大家，希望可以做个参考。

概述

HSRP(Vrrp)

背景：
- 为了实现网络出口一方出现故障,网络能够自动切换到正常线路进行通信,不影响客户机上网
HSRP:私有标准(思科设备上才能配置这个)
VRRP:公有标准
Hsrp和Vrrp都是做硬件设备的备份
思科HSRP的配置
- 位置：我们要对vlan 10这个网络要做备份,我们配置HSRP应该在vlan10的网关接口下进行配置.
- 拓扑图：
- 接入层 S0:
  - 创建VLAN
    - Switch(config)#vlan10
  - 将连接PC的端口加入VLAN
    - Switch(config)#interfacef0/1
    - Switch(config-if)#switchportaccess vlan 10
  - 连接交换机的端口配置TRUNK
    - Switch(config)#interfacef0/2
    - Switch(config-if)#switchportmode trunk
    - Switch(config)#interfacef0/3
    - Switch(config-if)#switchportmode trunk
- MS0
  - 创建VLAN
    - Switch(config)#vlan10
  - 交换机与交换机之间配置TRUNK
    - Switch(config)#interfacegigabitEthernet 1/0/1
    - Switch(config-if)#switchporttrunk encapsulation dot1q
    - Switch(config-if)#switchportmode trunk
  - 配置网关
    - Switch(config)#interfacevlan 10
    - Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
  - 打开路由表
    - Switch(config)#iprouting
  - 配置节点IP
    - Switch(config)#interfacegigabitEthernet 1/0/2
    - Switch(config-if)#noswitchport
    - Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0
- MS1
  - 创建VLAN
    - Switch(config)#vlan 10
  - 交换机与交换机之间配置TRUNK
    - Switch(config)#interfacegigabitEthernet 1/0/1
    - Switch(config-if)#switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
    - Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk
  - 配置网关
    - Switch(config)#interfacevlan 10
    - Switch(config-if)#ipaddress192.168.10.2 255.255.255.0
  - 打开路由表
    - Switch(config)#ip routing
  - 配置节点IP
    - Switch(config)#interfacegigabitEthernet 1/0/2
    - Switch(config-if)#noswitchport
    - Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.30.1 255.255.255.0
- R0:
  - 配置节点IP
    - Router(config)#interfacef0/0
    - Router(config-if)#noshutdown
    - Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.20.2 255.255.255.0
    - Router(config)#interface f0/1
    - Router(config-if)#no shutdown
    - Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.30.2 255.255.255.0
    - Router(config)#interface ethernet 1/0
    - Router(config-if)#no shutdown
    - Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.40.1 255.255.255.0
- 根据路由表配置动态路由
  - 查看路由表命令： show ip route
  - MS0
    - Switch(config)#routerrip
    - Switch(config-router)#network 192.168.10.0
    - Switch(config-router)#network 192.168.20.0
  - MS1
    - Switch(config)#routerrip
    - Switch(config-router)#network 192.168.10.0
    - Switch(config-router)#network 192.168.30.0
  - R0
    - Router(config)#routerrip
    - Router(config-router)#network 192.168.20.0
    - Router(config-router)#network 192.168.30.0
    - Router(config-router)#network 192.168.40.0
- PC端测试数据走向： C:> tracert 192.168.40.2
- 添加HSRP功能
  - MS0
    - Switch(config)#interfacevlan 10
    - Switch(config-if)#standby 1 ip 192.168.10.254
      - vrrp：vrrp 1 ip 192.168.10.254
  - MS1
    - Switch(config)#interfacevlan 10
    - Switch(config-if)#standby 1 ip 192.168.10.254
      - vrrp: vrrp 1 ip 192.168.10.254
  - 192.168.10.254 作为VLAN 10 pc机的网关
- HSRP优先级
  - 默认都是100 优先级越大越优先
  - 查看优先级
    - show standby brief
  - 修改优先级
    - Switch(config)#interface vlan 10
    - Switch(config-if)#standby 1 priority 200
      - vrrp 1 priority 200
    - Switch(config-if)#standby 1 preempt ( 抢占 )
      - vrrp 1 preempt
华为Vrrp的配置
- 拓扑图：
- 配置
  - 1、规划网段
  - 2、应用324模板
    - LSW4:
      - <Huawei>sys
      - [Huawei]vlan 10
      - [Huawei-vlan10]quit
      - [Huawei]interface e0/0/1
      - [Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]port link-type access
      - [Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]port default vlan 10
      - [Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]quit
      - [Huawei]interface e0/0/2
      - [Huawei-Ethernet0/0/2]port link-type trunk
      - [Huawei-Ethernet0/0/2]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
    - LSW2:
      - [Huawei]vlan 10
      - [Huawei-vlan10]quit
      - [Huawei]interface vlan 10
      - [Huawei-Vlanif10]ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
      - [Huawei]vlan 20
      - [Huawei-vlan20]quit
      - [Huawei]interface vlan 20
      - [Huawei-Vlanif20]ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0
      - [Huawei]interface g0/0/2
      - [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type access
      - [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port default vlan 20
      - [Huawei]interface g0/0/1
      - [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk
      - [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
    - LSW3:
      - [Huawei]vlan 10
      - [Huawei-vlan10]quit
      - [Huawei]interface vlan 10
      - [Huawei-Vlanif10]ip address 192.168.10.2 255.255.255.0
      - [Huawei]vlan 30
      - [Huawei-vlan30]quit
      - [Huawei]interface vlan 30
      - [Huawei-Vlanif20]ip address 192.168.30.1 255.255.255.0
      - [Huawei]interface g0/0/2
      - [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type access
      - [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port default vlan 30
      - [Huawei]interface g0/0/1
      - [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk
      - [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
    - R1:
      - [Huawei]interface e0/0/1
      - [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]undo shutdown
      - [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.20.2 255.255.255.0
      - [Huawei]interface e0/0/0
      - [Huawei-Ethernet0/0/0]undo shutdown
      - [Huawei-Ethernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.30.2 255.255.255.0
      - [Huawei]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
      - [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]undo shutdown
      - [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.40.1 255.255.255.0
  - 3、节点配置IP
    - LSW2:
      - [Huawei]rip
      - [Huawei-rip-1]network 192.168.10.0
      - [Huawei-rip-1]network 192.168.20.0
    - LSW3:
      - [Huawei]rip
      - [Huawei-rip-1]network 192.168.10.0
      - [Huawei-rip-1]network 192.168.30.0
    - R2:
      - [Huawei]rip
      - [Huawei-rip-1]network 192.168.30.0
      - [Huawei-rip-1]network 192.168.40.0
  - 4、添加vrrp 配置路由表
    - LSW2:
      - [Huawei]interface vlan 10
      - [Huawei-Vlanif10]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 192.168.10.254
    - LSW3:
      - [Huawei]int vlan 10
      - [Huawei-Vlanif10]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 192.168.10.254
  - 5、验证是否能ping通