PBX的一些基础知识（持续更新中）

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我是靠谱客的博主忧心小土豆，最近开发中收集的这篇文章主要介绍PBX的一些基础知识（持续更新中），觉得挺不错的，现在分享给大家，希望可以做个参考。

概述

E1/T1接口
E1/T1都是ITU-T统一规定的电接口速率。
E1是欧洲标准的基群速率2.048Mbps，T1是北美和日本标准的基群速率1.544Mbps。
E3/T3都是三次群的电接口速率，E3的传输速率是34Mbps，T3是44Mbps。

CTI
CTI computer telepcommunication intergration
CTI技术是从传统的计算机电话集成(Computer Telephony Integration)技术发展而来的，
最初是想将计算机技术应用到电话系统中，能够自动地对电话中的信令信息进行识别处理，并通过
建立有关的话路连接，而向用户传送预定的录音文件、转接来话等。而到现在，CTI技术已经发展
成“计算机电信集成”技术(Computer Telecommunication Integration)，即其中的“T”
已经发展成“Telecommunication”，这意味着目前的CTI技术不仅要处理传统的电话语音，而且
要处理包括传真、电子邮件等其它形式的信息媒体。CTI技术跨越计算机技术和电信技术两大领域，
目前提供的一些典型业务主要有基于用户设备(CPE)的消息系统、交互语音应答、呼叫中心系统、
增值业务、IP电话等。

MMX

wiki地址：http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/MMX

MMX是由英特尔开发的一种SIMD多媒体指令集，共有57条指令。它于1996年集成在英特尔奔腾 (Pentium) MMX处理器上，以提高其多媒体数据的处理能力。

HDLC

高级数据链路控制（High-Level Data Link Control或简称HDLC），是一个在同步网上传输数据、面向比特的数据链路层协议，它是由国际标准化组织(ISO)根据IBM公司的SDLC(Synchronous Data Link Control)协议扩展开发而成的。

ISDN

Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) is a set of communications standards for simultaneous digital transmission of voice, video, data, and other network services over the traditional circuits of the public switched telephone network. It was first defined in 1988 in the CCITT red book.^[1] Prior to ISDN, the telephone system was viewed as a way to transport voice, with some special services available for data. The key feature of ISDN is that it integrates speech and data on the same lines, adding features that were not available in the classic telephone system. There are several kinds of access interfaces to ISDN defined as Basic Rate Interface (BRI), Primary Rate Interface (PRI) and Broadband ISDN (B-ISDN).

ISDN is a circuit-switched telephone network system, which also provides access to packet switched networks, designed to allow digital transmission of voice and data over ordinary telephone copper wires, resulting in potentially better voice quality than an analog phone can provide. It offers circuit-switched connections (for either voice or data), and packet-switched connections (for data), in increments of 64 kilobit/s. A major market application for ISDN in some countries is Internet access, where ISDN typically provides a maximum of 128 kbit/s in both upstream and downstream directions. Channel bonding can achieve a greater data rate; typically the ISDN B-channels of 3 or 4 BRIs (6 to 8 64 kbit/s channels) are bonded.

ISDN should not be mistaken for its use with a specific protocol, such as Q.931 whereby ISDN is employed as the network, data-link and physical layers in the context of the OSI model. In a broad sense ISDN can be considered a suite of digital services existing on layers 1, 2, and 3 of the OSI model. ISDN is designed to provide access to voice and data services simultaneously.

FXS通道

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FXO通道

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