网络通信的实现网络通信协议七层模型TCP/IP协议TCP 协议通信UDP协议通信

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我是靠谱客的博主无心戒指，这篇文章主要介绍网络通信的实现网络通信协议七层模型TCP/IP协议TCP 协议通信UDP协议通信，现在分享给大家，希望可以做个参考。

1.如何建立两个节点（电脑）之间的网络连接？

2.如何向另外一个节点（电脑）发送信息？

3.如何从外部节点（电脑）接收一个请求并给预响应？

4.如何利用网络协议（TCP,UDP）？

网络通信协议七层模型

OSI（Open System Interconnection）

TCP/IP协议

TCP/IP协议(定义了电子设备（比如计算机）如何连入因特网，以及数据如何在它们之间传输的标准)。

IP ： ip地址唯一 确定与哪台电脑通信

四个字节每个字节用 “ . ”分割 256的四次方个ip地址每一位的范围： 0~255

域名英文符号替换IP 为方便记忆

映射： www.baidu.com 绑定一个IP ，访问百度根据域名

可通过域名解析器实现域名转换ip

端口：端口号 0~65535个 确定与这台电脑的哪个程序通信

网络是什么？

网络是信息传输、接收、共享的虚拟平台。

网络是用物理链路将各个孤立的工作站或主机相连在一起，组成数据链路，从而达到资源共享和通信的目的。

网络通信是两台或多台电脑之间能进行连接、信息交互。

广域网（外网）、局域网（内网）

TCP 协议通信

TCP协议是一种面向连接的、可靠的、基于字节流的传输层通信协议。

面向连接：发送数据前三次握手建立连接

如：打电话必须双方连接后才能打

可靠性：有序到达，重发机制

如何建立连接？三次握手

第一次握手：确定客户端发送能力

第二次握手：确定服务器端接收能力，发送能力

第三次握手：确定客户端接收能力

使用TCP协议实现通信，需要使用流式套接字。

即客户端采用socket,而服务器端采用ServerSocket来完成通信的方式。

什么是socket?

套接字 相当于插座，通过它发送给接收数据（电流）。

套接字允许应用程序将I/O插入到网络中,并与网络中的其他应用程序进行通信。网络套接字是IP地址与端口的组合。

当连接建立时，服务器会创建一个 Socket 对象。客户端和服务器现在可以通过对 Socket 对象的写入和读取(字节流)来进行通信。

ServerSocket ：等待客户端的连接

ServerSocket(int port)创建未绑定的服务器套接字

accept() 监听端口等待客户端的连接一旦有客户端的连接，得到与客户端一对一的 Socket

Sokect(网络地址，端口号) 构造方法

流式套接字 TCP 面向连接
数据报式套接字 UDP通信
原始式套接字 IP直接访问

基本流程

服务器端

创建一个ServerSocket

调用accept()等待客户端连接

得到客户端的Socket对象，调用getInputStream()、getOutputStream()得到输入输出流

输入流接收数据，输出流发送数据

close() 关闭资源

客户端

创建Socket，请求服务器地址，端口，与服务器进行连接

调用getInputStream()、getOutputStream()得到输入输出流

输出流接收数据，输入流发生数据

close()

启动顺序：先启动服务器，再启动客户端

数据流：

服务器端

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package Send;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class Server {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8888);
        Socket client = serverSocket.accept();//阻塞
        System.out.println("有客户端连接");
        //网络流
        InputStream in = client.getInputStream();
        OutputStream out = client.getOutputStream();
        BufferedReader br= null;
        BufferedWriter bw = null;
        br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
        bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(out));

        //接收数据
        String line = br.readLine();//阻塞方法 读到行结尾 换行符
        System.out.println("客户端说:"+line);

        //发送数据
        bw.write("你好客户端！我是服务器！");
        bw.newLine();//换行符
        bw.flush();//刷新缓冲区

        //关闭资源
        bw.close();
        br.close();
        serverSocket.close();
    }
}

客户端

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package Send;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1",8888);

        //发送数据
        InputStream in = socket.getInputStream();
        OutputStream out = socket.getOutputStream();
        BufferedReader br= null;
        BufferedWriter bw = null;
        br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
        bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(out));
        //发送数据
        Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
        bw.write(input.next());
       // bw.write("你好服务器！我是客户端！");
        bw.newLine();//换行符
        bw.flush();//刷新缓冲区

        //接收数据
        String line = br.readLine();//阻塞方法 读到行结尾 换行符
        System.out.println("服务端说:"+line);

        //关闭资源
        bw.close();
        br.close();
        socket.close();
    }
}

实现多个客户端连接

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package Send;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.Socket;

public class Server2Thread extends Thread{
    private Socket client;

//client 属性赋值: 1. set方法 2. 构造方法
    public Server2Thread(String name,Socket client) {
        super(name);
        this.client = client;
    }

@Override
    public void run() {
        BufferedReader br = null;
        BufferedWriter bw = null;

try {
            InputStream in = client.getInputStream();
            OutputStream out = client.getOutputStream();
            br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
            bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(out));

//接收数据
            String line = br .readLine();
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"说："+ line);
            System.out.println();
            //发送数据
            bw.write("你好 客户端");
            bw.newLine();//换行符
            bw.flush();//刷新缓存区

} catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            try {
                //关闭资源
                if (bw != null) bw.close();
                if (br != null) br.close();
                if (client != null) client.close();
            }catch (IOException e){

}
        }
    }
}

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package Send;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.Socket;

public class Server2Thread extends Thread{
    private Socket client;

    //client 属性赋值: 1. set方法 2. 构造方法
    public Server2Thread(String name,Socket client) {
        super(name);
        this.client = client;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        BufferedReader br = null;
        BufferedWriter bw = null;

        try {
            InputStream in = client.getInputStream();
            OutputStream out = client.getOutputStream();
            br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
            bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(out));

            //接收数据
            String line = br .readLine();
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"说："+ line);
            System.out.println();
            //发送数据
            bw.write("你好 客户端");
            bw.newLine();//换行符
            bw.flush();//刷新缓存区

        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            try {
                //关闭资源
                if (bw != null) bw.close();
                if (br != null) br.close();
                if (client != null) client.close();
            }catch (IOException e){

            }
        }
    }
}

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package Send;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class Server2 {//一个服务器允许连接多个客户端

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8888);
        int i =1;
        while (true){
            Socket client = serverSocket.accept();//阻塞
            System.out.println("有客户端连接");
            //有一个客户端连接，创建一个线程与该客户端连接
            Server2Thread server2Thread = new Server2Thread("客户端"+i,client);
            //启动线程
            server2Thread.start();
            i++;
        }

    }
}

UDP协议通信

UDP是一个面向无连接，不可靠的传输层协议。

数据包套接字面向无连接类似于：发短信管你接不接收

DatagramSocket 发送或接收数据包的套接字，不维护连接状态，不产生输入输出流

DatagramPacket 数据包封装了数据、数据长度

DatagramPacket(byte[] buf, int length) 构造一个 DatagramPacket用于接收长度的数据包 length 。
DatagramPacket(byte[] buf, int length, InetAddress address, int port) 构造用于发送长度的分组的数据报包 length指定主机上到指定的端口号。


`DatagramPacket(byte[] buf, int length)` 构造一个 `DatagramPacket`用于接收长度的数据包 `length` 。
`DatagramPacket(byte[] buf, int length, InetAddress address, int port)` 构造用于发送长度的分组的数据报包 `length`指定主机上到指定的端口号。

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package UDPTest;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.*;

public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

//随机绑定端口
        try {
            //创建一个用于发送接收的socket
            DatagramSocket datagramSocket = new DatagramSocket();

//发送数据包
            String str = "出任务出任务";
            byte[] content = str.getBytes();
            try {
                //第三个参数，ip地址封装的对象 类型InetAddress,是接受方的地址
                // 第四个参数，对方的端口号
                DatagramPacket dp1 = new DatagramPacket(content, content.length, InetAddress.getLocalHost(),7777);
                //发送
                datagramSocket.send(dp1);
                //接收
                byte[] replay = new byte[1024];
                DatagramPacket dp2 = new DatagramPacket(replay, replay.length);
                datagramSocket.receive(dp2);
                String msg = new String(replay,0,dp2.getLength());
                System.out.println("我是client1，收到消息："+msg);
            } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

} catch (SocketException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

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package UDPTest;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.*;

public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        //随机绑定端口
        try {
            //创建一个用于发送接收的socket
            DatagramSocket datagramSocket = new DatagramSocket();

            //发送数据包
            String str = "出任务出任务";
            byte[] content = str.getBytes();
            try {
                //第三个参数，ip地址封装的对象 类型InetAddress,是接受方的地址
                // 第四个参数，对方的端口号
                DatagramPacket dp1 = new DatagramPacket(content, content.length, InetAddress.getLocalHost(),7777);
                //发送
                datagramSocket.send(dp1);
                //接收
                byte[] replay = new byte[1024];
                DatagramPacket dp2 = new DatagramPacket(replay, replay.length);
                datagramSocket.receive(dp2);
                String msg = new String(replay,0,dp2.getLength());
                System.out.println("我是client1，收到消息："+msg);
            } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

        } catch (SocketException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

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package UDPTest;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.*;

public class Client2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //随机绑定端口
        try {
            DatagramSocket datagramSocket = new DatagramSocket(7777);

try {
                //接收
                byte[] replay = new byte[1024];
                DatagramPacket dp2 = new DatagramPacket(replay, replay.length);
                datagramSocket.receive(dp2);
                String msg = new String(replay,0,replay.length);
                System.out.println("我是client2，接收到消息："+msg);

//发送
                String str = "马上马上";
                byte[] content = str.getBytes();
                //获取对方ip和端口
           //     dp2.getPort();//本机端口
           //     dp2.getAddress().getHostName();//获取本机地址
               // InetSocketAddress address = (InetSocketAddress) dp2.getSocketAddress(); //获取远程地址
                // DatagramPacket dp1 = new DatagramPacket(content, content.length,address);

InetAddress ia = dp2.getAddress();
                int port = dp2.getPort();
                DatagramPacket dp1 = new DatagramPacket(content, content.length,ia,port);
                datagramSocket.send(dp1);

datagramSocket.close();
            } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

} catch (SocketException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

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package UDPTest;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.*;

public class Client2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //随机绑定端口
        try {
            DatagramSocket datagramSocket = new DatagramSocket(7777);

            try {
                //接收
                byte[] replay = new byte[1024];
                DatagramPacket dp2 = new DatagramPacket(replay, replay.length);
                datagramSocket.receive(dp2);
                String msg = new String(replay,0,replay.length);
                System.out.println("我是client2，接收到消息："+msg);

                //发送
                String str = "马上马上";
                byte[] content = str.getBytes();
                //获取对方ip和端口
           //     dp2.getPort();//本机端口
           //     dp2.getAddress().getHostName();//获取本机地址
               // InetSocketAddress address = (InetSocketAddress) dp2.getSocketAddress(); //获取远程地址
                // DatagramPacket dp1 = new DatagramPacket(content, content.length,address);

                InetAddress ia = dp2.getAddress();
                int port = dp2.getPort();
                DatagramPacket dp1 = new DatagramPacket(content, content.length,ia,port);
                datagramSocket.send(dp1);

                datagramSocket.close();
            } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

        } catch (SocketException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

利用网络协议（TCP,UDP）

某公司想组建本公司的客服聊天系统,用于客户与客服人员的点对点的对话,当客户连接到客服服务器时, 客户(客户端)就可以向客服人员(服务器端)进行咨询

发送消息的线程

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package Send;

import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class SendThread extends Thread{
    private Socket socket;
    private boolean flag = true;
    Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);

    public SendThread(Socket socket) {
        this.socket = socket;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while (flag){
            send(input.next());
        }
    }

    //发送
    public void send(String str){
        OutputStream out = null;
        BufferedWriter bw = null;
        try {
            out = socket.getOutputStream();
            bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(out));
            bw.write(str);
            bw.newLine();
            bw.flush();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            flag = false;
            CloseUtil.close(bw,socket);
        }
    }
}

接收消息的线程

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package Send;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.Socket;

public class ReceiveThread extends Thread{
    private Socket socket;
    private  boolean flag = true;
    public ReceiveThread(String name,Socket socket) {
        super(name);
        this.socket = socket;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while (flag){
            String receive = receive();
            System.out.println(receive);
        }
    }

    public  String  receive()  {
        InputStream in = null;
        BufferedReader br =null;
        try {
            in = socket.getInputStream();
            br =new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
            String line = br.readLine();
            return this.getName()+"说:"+line;
        } catch (IOException e) {
            flag = false;
            CloseUtil.close(br,socket);
        }
        return null;
    }
}

关闭资源的工具类

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package Send;

import java.io.Closeable;

public class CloseUtil {
    public static void close(Closeable... closeables){ //可变参数
        if (closeables != null && closeables.length > 0){
            if (closeables != null){
                closeables.clone();
            }
        }

    }
}

客户端

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package Send;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.Socket;

public class Client3 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1",8888);
        new SendThread(socket).start();
        new ReceiveThread("服务器",socket).start();
    }
}

服务端线程

复制代码

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package Send;

import java.net.Socket;

public class ServerThread3 extends Thread{
    private Socket client;

    public ServerThread3(String name,Socket client) {
        super(name);
        this.client = client;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        //创建发送线程 写
        new SendThread(client).start();
        //创建接收线程 读
        new ReceiveThread(this.getName(),client).start();
    }
}

服务端

复制代码

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package Send;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

//用户端和客服端之间需要进行对话
//需要实现一次发送多条消息，同时也可以接受多条消息  通过true设置死循环 能够一直读写

public class Server3 {//点对点  缺点：一对一 一个服务器面对多个客户端 可以接收多个客户端信息，但发送不了给多个不知道发给谁(客人接收不到)
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8888);
        int i =1;
        while (true){
            Socket client = serverSocket.accept();//阻塞
            System.out.println("有客户端连接");
            //有一个客户端连接，创建一个线程与该客户端连接
            ServerThread3 serverThread3 = new ServerThread3("客户端"+i,client);
            //启动线程
            serverThread3.start();
            i++;
        }

    }
}

聊天室2.0 多对多

优化服务器线程代码实现服务器接收客户端的消息，再将消息写出给其他客户端

复制代码

package Chat;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.List;

public class ServerThread4 extends Thread{
    private Socket socket;

public ServerThread4(String name, Socket socket) {
        super(name);
        this.socket = socket;
    }

@Override
    public void run() {
        //先读后发 先执行括号内
        while (true){
            sendOther(receive());
        }

}
    public String receive(){
        InputStream in = null;
        BufferedReader br =null;
        try {
            in = socket.getInputStream();
            br =new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
            String line = br.readLine();
            return this.getName()+"说"+line;
        } catch (IOException e) {
            CloseUtil.close(br,socket);
        }
        return "";
    }

//发送 转发送给其他人
    public void sendOther(String str){
        List<Socket> socketList = Server4.socketList;
        for (Socket client : socketList){
            //排除自己
            if (client != socket){
                send(str,client);
            }
        }
    }

private void send(String str, Socket client) {
        OutputStream out = null;
        BufferedWriter bw = null;
        try {
            out = client.getOutputStream();
            bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(out));
            bw.write(str);
            bw.newLine();
            bw.flush();
        } catch (IOException e) {

CloseUtil.close(bw,client);
        }
    }
}

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package Chat;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.List;

public class ServerThread4 extends Thread{
    private Socket socket;

    public ServerThread4(String name, Socket socket) {
        super(name);
        this.socket = socket;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        //先读后发 先执行括号内
        while (true){
            sendOther(receive());
        }

    }
    public String receive(){
        InputStream in = null;
        BufferedReader br =null;
        try {
            in = socket.getInputStream();
            br =new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
            String line = br.readLine();
            return this.getName()+"说"+line;
        } catch (IOException e) {
            CloseUtil.close(br,socket);
        }
        return "";
    }

    //发送 转发送给其他人
    public void sendOther(String str){
        List<Socket> socketList = Server4.socketList;
        for (Socket client : socketList){
            //排除自己
            if (client != socket){
                send(str,client);
            }
        }
    }

    private void send(String str, Socket client) {
        OutputStream out = null;
        BufferedWriter bw = null;
        try {
            out = client.getOutputStream();
            bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(out));
            bw.write(str);
            bw.newLine();
            bw.flush();
        } catch (IOException e) {

            CloseUtil.close(bw,client);
        }
    }
}

在线阅读小说

服务器

客户端：显示菜单（输入）

功能：

上传小说

客户端	服务器
连接服务器，创建Socket	接收客户端连接
接收提示，打印输入发送小说名	发送 “请输入要上传的小说名”
使用本地缓冲输入流，读取客户端硬盘上传文件循环读：读一行，通过网络IO输出流发给服务器	接收小说名保存小说名集合
	服务器循环读取客户端的数据创建本地输出流保存到硬盘追加模式
小说上传完成客户端发送“exit”	服务器接收“exit” 退出循环
关闭资源

在线阅读

客户端	服务器
连接服务器，创建Socket 发送在线阅读指令 2	接收客户端连接
接收服务器发送的小说列表并打印	发送小说名列表（字符串或对象流序列化持久化 SerialVersionUID 序列化常量 ObjectOutputStream:对对象进行序列化
选择需要阅读的小说序号发送给服务器	接收客户端要阅读的小说序号，通过序号找到对应小说创建本地输入流读取对应的小说（100行）循环读循环写发送给客户端
接收服务器的发送小说内容在控制台打印
关闭资源

上传路径：原文件夹——客户端——服务器——目标文件夹

前100行用while循环 k++ 到100行就发送exit 客户端接收到exit就停止打印

客户端

复制代码

package readBook;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Client {
    Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
    SendUtil sendUtil = new SendUtil();
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        while (true){
            new Client().showMenu();
        }
    }

public void showMenu(){
        System.out.println("欢迎访问xxxx小说网站");
        System.out.println("t1.上传小说");
        System.out.println("t2.在线阅读");
        System.out.println("t3.退出");
        System.out.println("请选择：");
        int choose = input.nextInt();
        switch (choose){
            case 1:
                //上传小说
                upload();
                break;
            case 2:
                //在线阅读
                readOnline();
                break;
            case 3:
                System.out.println("感谢使用");
                System.exit(1);
            default:
                showMenu();
        }
    }

private void readOnline() {
        Socket socket =null;
        BufferedReader br = null;
        BufferedWriter bw = null;

try {
            socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1",8888);
            br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
            bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream()));

//发送上传的指令
            sendUtil.sendWrite(bw,"2");
            String nameList = br.readLine();
            if (nameList.equals("没有书籍！")){
                System.out.println("请去上传书籍");
                showMenu();
            }else {
                System.out.println(nameList);
                System.out.println("请选择需要阅读的小说序号：");
                sendUtil.sendWrite(bw,input.next());

String content =null;
               while (!(content=br.readLine()).equals("exit")){
                   System.out.println(content);
               }
            }

} catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            CloseUtil.close(br,bw,socket);
        }
        showMenu();
    }

//上传小说
    private void upload() {
        //连接服务器
        Socket socket =null;
        BufferedReader br = null;
        BufferedWriter bw = null;
        //本地输入流
        BufferedReader br2= null;
        try {
           socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1",8888);

br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
          bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream()));

//发送上传的指令
            sendUtil.sendWrite(bw,"1");

//接收服务器信息
            String line = br.readLine();
            System.out.println(line);
            //输入小说名
            String name = input.next();
            //发送小说名
           /* bw.write(name);
            bw.newLine();
            bw.flush();*/
            sendUtil.sendWrite(bw,name);
            // 使用本地输入流 读取客户端的硬盘上文件
            br2 = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("D:\PracticalTrainning3\homework\8.24\book\"+name+".txt"));
            //循环读取
            String line2 = null;
            while ((line2 = br2.readLine()) != null){//读到文件末尾
                //把读到的行发送给服务器
                sendUtil.sendWrite(bw,line2);
            }
            //小说上传完成 发送exit 告诉服务器已退出
            sendUtil.sendWrite(bw,"exit");

} catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            CloseUtil.close(br2,bw,br,socket);
        }
        showMenu();//回到菜单
    }

/* public  void sendWrite(BufferedWriter bw,String str) throws IOException {
        bw.write(str);
        bw.newLine();
        bw.flush();
    }*/
}

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package readBook;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Client {
    Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
    SendUtil sendUtil = new SendUtil();
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        while (true){
            new Client().showMenu();
        }
    }

    public void showMenu(){
        System.out.println("欢迎访问xxxx小说网站");
        System.out.println("t1.上传小说");
        System.out.println("t2.在线阅读");
        System.out.println("t3.退出");
        System.out.println("请选择：");
        int choose = input.nextInt();
        switch (choose){
            case 1:
                //上传小说
                upload();
                break;
            case 2:
                //在线阅读
                readOnline();
                break;
            case 3:
                System.out.println("感谢使用");
                System.exit(1);
            default:
                showMenu();
        }
    }

    private void readOnline() {
        Socket socket =null;
        BufferedReader br = null;
        BufferedWriter bw = null;

        try {
            socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1",8888);
            br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
            bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream()));

            //发送上传的指令
            sendUtil.sendWrite(bw,"2");
            String nameList = br.readLine();
            if (nameList.equals("没有书籍！")){
                System.out.println("请去上传书籍");
                showMenu();
            }else {
                System.out.println(nameList);
                System.out.println("请选择需要阅读的小说序号：");
                sendUtil.sendWrite(bw,input.next());

                String content =null;
               while (!(content=br.readLine()).equals("exit")){
                   System.out.println(content);
               }
            }


        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            CloseUtil.close(br,bw,socket);
        }
        showMenu();
    }

    //上传小说
    private void upload() {
        //连接服务器
        Socket socket =null;
        BufferedReader br = null;
        BufferedWriter bw = null;
        //本地输入流
        BufferedReader br2= null;
        try {
           socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1",8888);

          br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
          bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream()));

          //发送上传的指令
            sendUtil.sendWrite(bw,"1");

          //接收服务器信息
            String line = br.readLine();
            System.out.println(line);
            //输入小说名
            String name = input.next();
            //发送小说名
           /* bw.write(name);
            bw.newLine();
            bw.flush();*/
            sendUtil.sendWrite(bw,name);
            // 使用本地输入流 读取客户端的硬盘上文件
            br2 = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("D:\PracticalTrainning3\homework\8.24\book\"+name+".txt"));
            //循环读取
            String line2 = null;
            while ((line2 = br2.readLine()) != null){//读到文件末尾
                //把读到的行发送给服务器
                sendUtil.sendWrite(bw,line2);
            }
            //小说上传完成 发送exit 告诉服务器已退出
            sendUtil.sendWrite(bw,"exit");

        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            CloseUtil.close(br2,bw,br,socket);
        }
        showMenu();//回到菜单
    }

   /* public  void sendWrite(BufferedWriter bw,String str) throws IOException {
        bw.write(str);
        bw.newLine();
        bw.flush();
    }*/
}

服务器端

复制代码

package readBook;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Server {
    private static List<String > nameList = new ArrayList<>();
    public static void main(String[] args) {

BufferedReader br = null;
        BufferedWriter bw = null;
        try {
            //开启服务器
            ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8888);
            while (true){
                Socket accept = serverSocket.accept();
                InputStream in = accept.getInputStream();
                OutputStream out = accept.getOutputStream();
                br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
                bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(out));

//读取指令
                String flag = br.readLine();
                switch (flag){
                    case "1":
                        //处理上传
                        doUpload(accept);
                        break;
                    case "2":
                        //处理在线阅读
                        doReadOnline(accept);
                        break;
                }
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

private static void doReadOnline(Socket accept) throws IOException {
        BufferedReader br = null;
        BufferedWriter bw = null;
        br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(accept.getInputStream()));
        bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(accept.getOutputStream()));

File file = new File("D:\PracticalTrainning3\homework\8.24\book\cloud");
        File[] files = file.listFiles();
        System.out.println("可阅读的书有:");
        for (File file1 : files) {
            nameList.add(file1.getName());
        }
        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
       if (nameList.isEmpty()){
           sb.append("没有书籍！");
           SendUtil.sendWrite(bw,String.valueOf(sb));
       }else {

for (int i = 0; i < nameList.size(); i++) {
               sb.append(i+1).append(".").append(nameList.get(i));
           }
           System.out.println(sb);
           SendUtil.sendWrite(bw,sb.toString());
       }
        int num  = Integer.valueOf(br.readLine());
        String name = "";
        for (int i = 0; i < nameList.size(); i++) {
            if ((i+1) == num){//判断序号
                name = nameList.get(i);
            }
        }

File file2 = new File(file +"\"+name);
        BufferedReader br2 = null;
        br2 = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(file2));

String ContentLine = "";
        int k =0;
        while ((ContentLine = br2.readLine())!= null){
            if (k==100){//读一百行
                SendUtil.sendWrite(bw,"exit");
                break;
            }
            SendUtil.sendWrite(bw,ContentLine);
            k++;
        }
       /* String content = br2.readLine();
        SendUtil.sendWrite(bw,content);

SendUtil.sendWrite(bw,"exit");*/
        System.out.println("完成在线阅读");

//关闭资源
        nameList.clear();
        CloseUtil.close(br2,br,bw,accept);
    }

//处理上传
    private static void doUpload(Socket accept) throws IOException {
        BufferedReader br = null;
        BufferedWriter bw = null;

//本地输出流
        BufferedWriter bw2 = null;

br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(accept.getInputStream()));
        bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(accept.getOutputStream()));

//    System.out.println("请输入要上传的小说名");
        //发送小说名
        SendUtil.sendWrite(bw,"请输入要上传的小说名");
        String name = br.readLine();
    //    nameList.add(name);
        //创建本地输出流
        //先判断文件是否存在
        File file = new File("D:\PracticalTrainning3\homework\8.24\book\cloud");
        if (!file.exists()){
            file.mkdirs();
        }
        bw2 = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(file +"\"+ name + ".txt",true));//是否追加 不覆盖 true
        //循环接收客户端上传的内容 写入到文件
        String line = null;
        while (!((line = br.readLine()).equals("exit"))){
            SendUtil.sendWrite(bw2,line);
        }

System.out.println("上传完成！");
        //关闭资源
        CloseUtil.close(bw2,bw,br,accept);

}
}

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package readBook;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Server {
    private static List<String > nameList = new ArrayList<>();
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        BufferedReader br = null;
        BufferedWriter bw = null;
        try {
            //开启服务器
            ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8888);
            while (true){
                Socket accept = serverSocket.accept();
                InputStream in = accept.getInputStream();
                OutputStream out = accept.getOutputStream();
                br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
                bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(out));

                //读取指令
                String flag = br.readLine();
                switch (flag){
                    case "1":
                        //处理上传
                        doUpload(accept);
                        break;
                    case "2":
                        //处理在线阅读
                        doReadOnline(accept);
                        break;
                }
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    private static void doReadOnline(Socket accept) throws IOException {
        BufferedReader br = null;
        BufferedWriter bw = null;
        br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(accept.getInputStream()));
        bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(accept.getOutputStream()));

        File file = new File("D:\PracticalTrainning3\homework\8.24\book\cloud");
        File[] files = file.listFiles();
        System.out.println("可阅读的书有:");
        for (File file1 : files) {
            nameList.add(file1.getName());
        }
        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
       if (nameList.isEmpty()){
           sb.append("没有书籍！");
           SendUtil.sendWrite(bw,String.valueOf(sb));
       }else {

           for (int i = 0; i < nameList.size(); i++) {
               sb.append(i+1).append(".").append(nameList.get(i));
           }
           System.out.println(sb);
           SendUtil.sendWrite(bw,sb.toString());
       }
        int num  = Integer.valueOf(br.readLine());
        String name = "";
        for (int i = 0; i < nameList.size(); i++) {
            if ((i+1) == num){//判断序号
                name = nameList.get(i);
            }
        }

        File file2 = new File(file +"\"+name);
        BufferedReader br2 = null;
        br2 = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(file2));

        String ContentLine = "";
        int k =0;
        while ((ContentLine = br2.readLine())!= null){
            if (k==100){//读一百行
                SendUtil.sendWrite(bw,"exit");
                break;
            }
            SendUtil.sendWrite(bw,ContentLine);
            k++;
        }
       /* String content = br2.readLine();
        SendUtil.sendWrite(bw,content);

        SendUtil.sendWrite(bw,"exit");*/
        System.out.println("完成在线阅读");

        //关闭资源
        nameList.clear();
        CloseUtil.close(br2,br,bw,accept);
    }

    //处理上传
    private static void doUpload(Socket accept) throws IOException {
        BufferedReader br = null;
        BufferedWriter bw = null;

        //本地输出流
        BufferedWriter bw2 = null;

        br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(accept.getInputStream()));
        bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(accept.getOutputStream()));

    //    System.out.println("请输入要上传的小说名");
        //发送小说名
        SendUtil.sendWrite(bw,"请输入要上传的小说名");
        String name = br.readLine();
    //    nameList.add(name);
        //创建本地输出流
        //先判断文件是否存在
        File file = new File("D:\PracticalTrainning3\homework\8.24\book\cloud");
        if (!file.exists()){
            file.mkdirs();
        }
        bw2 = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(file +"\"+ name + ".txt",true));//是否追加 不覆盖 true
        //循环接收客户端上传的内容 写入到文件
        String line = null;
        while (!((line = br.readLine()).equals("exit"))){
            SendUtil.sendWrite(bw2,line);
        }

        System.out.println("上传完成！");
        //关闭资源
        CloseUtil.close(bw2,bw,br,accept);


    }
}

封装写的工具类

复制代码

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package readBook;

import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;

//发送工具类
public class SendUtil {
    public static void sendWrite(BufferedWriter bw, String str) throws IOException {
        bw.write(str);
        bw.newLine();
        bw.flush();
    }

}