C语言数据结构之单向链表详解分析

/*用链表实现学生成绩信息的管理*/ 
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
struct stud_node{
	int num;
	char name[24];
	int score;
	struct stud_node *next;
};
struct stud_node *Create_Stu_Doc();   /*新建链表*/
struct stud_node *InsertDoc(struct stud_node *head,struct stud_node *stud);   /*插入*/
struct stud_node *DeleteDoc(struct stud_node *head,int num);       /*删除*/
void Print_Stu_Doc(struct stud_node *head);              /*遍历*/
 
int main(void)
{
	struct stud_node *head,*p;
	int choice,num,score;
	char name[20];
	int size = sizeof(struct stud_node);
	
	do{
		printf("1:Createn 2:Insertn 3: Deleten 4:Printn 0:Exitn");
		scanf("%d",&choice);
		switch(choice){
			case 1:
			    head = Create_Stu_Doc();
			    break;
			case 2:
				printf("Input num,name and score:n");
				scanf("%d %s %d",&num,name,&score);
				p = (struct stud_node *)malloc(size);
				p->num = num;
				strcpy(p->name,name);
				p->score = score;
				head = InsertDoc(head,p);
				break;
			case 3:
				printf("Input num:n");
				scanf("%d",&num);
				head = DeleteDoc(head,num);
				break;
			case 4:
				Print_Stu_Doc(head);
				break;
			case 0:
				break;
		}
	}
	while(choice != 0);
	
	return 0;
 } 
/*新建链表*/
struct stud_node *Create_Stu_Doc(){
	struct stud_node *head,*p;
	int num,score;
	char name[20];
	int size = sizeof(struct stud_node);
	
	head = NULL;
	printf("Input num,name and score:n");
	scanf("%d %s %d",&num,name,&score);
	while(num != 0){
		p=(struct stud_node *)malloc(size);
		p->num = num;
		strcpy(p->name,name);
		p->score = score;
		head = InsertDoc(head,p);    /*调用插入函数*/
		scanf("%d %s %d",&num,name,&score); 
	}
	return head;
} 
/*插入操作*/
struct stud_node *InsertDoc(struct stud_node *head,struct stud_node *stud){
	struct stud_node *ptr,*ptr1,*ptr2;
	ptr2 = head;
	ptr = stud;             /*ptr指向待插入的新的学生记录结点*/
	/*原链表为空链表时的插入*/
	if(head == NULL){
		head = ptr;
		head->next = NULL;
	}else{
		while((ptr->num > ptr2->num)&&(ptr2->next != NULL)){
			ptr1 = ptr2;
			ptr2 = ptr2->next;         /*ptr1,ptr2各往后移一个结点*/ 
		}                             
		if(ptr->num <= ptr2->num){     /*在ptr1与ptr2之间插入新结点*/ 
			if(head == ptr2){
			head=ptr;
		}
		else{
			ptr1->next = ptr;
			ptr->next = ptr2;
		}
		}
		else{                         
			ptr2->next = ptr;          /*新插入结点成为尾结点*/
			ptr->next =NULL; 
		}
	}
	return head;
} 
/*删除操作*/
struct stud_node *DeleteDoc(struct stud_node *head,int num){
	struct stud_node *ptr1,*ptr2;
	/*要被删除结点为表头结点*/ 
	while(head != NULL && head->num==num){
		ptr2=head;
		head=head->next;
		free(ptr2);
	}
	if(head==NULL){
        return NULL;	
	}         /*链表为空*/ 
	/*要被删除结点为非表头结点*/
	ptr1=head;
	ptr2=head->next;      /*从表头的下一个结点搜索所有符合删除要求的结点*/
	while(ptr2 != NULL){
		if(ptr2->num == num)/*ptr2所指结点符合删除要求*/{
			ptr1->next=ptr2->next;
			free(ptr2);
		}
		else{
			ptr1 = ptr2;         /*ptr1后移一个结点*/ 
			ptr2 = ptr1->next;        /*ptr2指向ptr1的后一个结点*/ 
		}
	} 
	return head;
} 
/*遍历操作*/
void Print_Stu_Doc(struct stud_node *head){
	struct stud_node *ptr;
	  if(head==NULL){
	  	printf("nNo Recordsn");
	  	return;
	  }
	  printf("nThe Students'Records Are:n");
	  printf("Numt Namet Scoret");
	  for(ptr=head;ptr!=NULL;ptr=ptr->next){
	  	printf("%dt%st%dn",ptr->num,ptr->name,ptr->score);
	  }
} 

/*按输入顺序建立单向链表*/
struct stud_node *Create_Stu_Doc(){
	int num,score;
	char name[20];
	int size = sizeof(struct stud_node);
	struct stud_node *head,*tail,*p;
	head=tail=NULL;
	printf("Input num,name and score:n");
	scanf("%d %s %d",&num,name,&score);
	while(num!=0){
		p=(struct stud_node *)malloc(size);
		p->num = num;
		strcpy(p->name,name);
		p->score = score;
		p->next = NULL;
		if(head == NULL){
			head = p;
		}else{
			tail->next=p;       /*把原来链表的尾结点的next域指向该新增的结点*/
			tail=p;
		}
		scanf("%d %s %d",&num,name,&score);
	}
	return head;
}