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java 如何从字符串里面提取时间

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我是靠谱客的博主 壮观康乃馨，最近开发中收集的这篇文章主要介绍java 如何从字符串里面提取时间，觉得挺不错的，现在分享给大家，希望可以做个参考。

概述

如何从字符串里面提取时间

今天接到一个需求，需要从一段带有时间串的字符串里面提取出时间保存。

"PDFS(iZh9k5gurgwcwpZ) 2020-01-01 21:27:36.560 >订单编号:1112233 提交订单成功! 跟踪号:待取跟踪号 内部单号:2342244"

需要从上面数据中心提取出 2020-01-01 21:27:36要怎么操作呢？

我们可以使用正则表达式

对时间串进行提取，并处理，代码如下：

package com.epean.trade.framework.util;
import org.apache.commons.lang.time.DateFormatUtils;
import org.apache.commons.lang.time.DateUtils;
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
/**
 * Created by chpeng on 2020/08/18 0008.
 */
public class StringDateUtils {
	/**
	 *
	 * @Description: 从字符串中截取出正确的时间
	 * @param stringTime
	 * @return:
	 * @throws
	 */
	public static Date cutDate(String stringTime) {
		String regs[] = { "\d{4}年\d{2}月\d{2}日\s\d{2}时\d{2}分\d{2}秒",
				"\d{4}年\d{2}月\d{2}日\s\d{1}时\d{2}分\d{2}秒",
				"\d{4}年\d{1}月\d{2}日\s\d{1}时\d{2}分\d{2}秒",
				"\d{4}年\d{1}月\d{2}日\s\d{2}时\d{2}分\d{2}秒",
				"\d{4}年\d{2}月\d{2}日\d{2}时\d{2}分\d{2}秒",
				"\d{4}年\d{2}月\d{2}日\s\d{2}时\d{2}分",
				"\d{4}年\d{1}月\d{2}日\s\d{2}时\d{2}分",
				"\d{4}年\d{1}月\d{2}日\s\d{1}时\d{2}分",
				"\d{4}年\d{1}月\d{2}日\s\d{2}时\d{2}分",
				"\d{4}年\d{2}月\d{2}日\d{2}时\d{2}分",
				"\d{4}年\d{2}月\d{2}日\s\d{2}时",
				"\d{4}年\d{2}月\d{2}日\s\d{1}时",
				"\d{4}年\d{1}月\d{2}日\s\d{2}时",
				"\d{4}年\d{1}月\d{2}日\s\d{1}时",
				"\d{4}年\d{2}月\d{2}日\d{2}时", "\d{4}年\d{2}月\d{2}日",
				"\d{4}年\d{2}月\d{1}日", "\d{4}年\d{1}月\d{2}日",
				"\d{4}年\d{1}月\d{1}日",
				"\d{4}年\d{2}月\d{2}日\s\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{4}年\d{2}月\d{2}日\s\d{2}:\d{1}:\d{2}",
				"\d{4}年\d{1}月\d{2}日\s\d{2}:\d{1}:\d{2}",
				"\d{4}年\d{1}月\d{2}日\s\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{4}年\d{2}月\d{2}日\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{4}年\d{2}月\d{2}日\s\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{4}年\d{2}月\d{2}日\s\d{1}:\d{2}",
				"\d{4}年\d{1}月\d{2}日\s\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{4}年\d{1}月\d{2}日\s\d{1}:\d{2}",
				"\d{4}年\d{2}月\d{2}日\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{4}年\d{2}月\d{2}日\s\d{2}",
				"\d{4}年\d{2}月\d{2}日\s\d{1}",
				"\d{4}年\d{1}月\d{2}日\s\d{2}",
				"\d{4}年\d{1}月\d{2}日\s\d{1}",
				"\d{4}年\d{2}月\d{2}日\d{2}",
				"\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}\s\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}\s\d{1}:\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{4}-\d{1}-\d{2}\s\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{4}-\d{1}-\d{2}\s\d{1}:\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}\s\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}\s\d{1}:\d{2}",
				"\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}\s\d{2}", "\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}",
				"\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{1}", "\d{4}-\d{1}-\d{2}",
				"\d{4}-\d{1}-\d{1}",
				"\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}\s\d{2}时\d{2}分\d{2}秒",
				"\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}\s\d{1}时\d{2}分\d{2}秒",
				"\d{4}-\d{1}-\d{2}\s\d{2}时\d{2}分\d{2}秒",
				"\d{4}-\d{1}-\d{2}\s\d{1}时\d{2}分\d{2}秒",
				"\d{4}-\d{1}-\d{1}\s\d{1}时\d{2}分\d{2}秒",
				"\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}\s\d{2}时\d{2}分",
				"\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}\s\d{1}时\d{2}分",
				"\d{4}-\d{1}-\d{2}\s\d{2}时\d{2}分",
				"\d{4}-\d{1}-\d{2}\s\d{1}时\d{2}分",
				"\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}\s\d{2}时",
				"\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}\s\d{1}时",
				"\d{4}-\d{1}-\d{2}\s\d{2}时",
				"\d{4}-\d{1}-\d{2}\s\d{1}时", "\d{4}.\d{2}.\d{2}",
				"\d{4}.\d{2}.\d{1}", "\d{4}.\d{1}.\d{2}",
				"\d{4}.\d{1}.\d{1}",
				"\d{4}.\d{2}.\d{2}\s\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{4}.\d{2}.\d{2}\s\d{1}:\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{4}.\d{1}.\d{2}\s\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{4}.\d{1}.\d{2}\s\d{1}:\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{4}.\d{1}.\d{1}\s\d{1}:\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{4}.\d{2}.\d{2}\s\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{4}.\d{2}.\d{2}\s\d{1}:\d{2}",
				"\d{4}.\d{1}.\d{2}\s\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{4}.\d{1}.\d{2}\s\d{1}:\d{2}",
				"\d{4}.\d{2}.\d{2}\s\d{2}",
				"\d{4}.\d{2}.\d{2}\s\d{1}",
				"\d{4}.\d{1}.\d{2}\s\d{2}",
				"\d{4}.\d{1}.\d{2}\s\d{1}",
				"\d{4}/\d{2}/\d{2}\s\d{2}时\d{2}分\d{2}秒",
				"\d{4}/\d{2}/\d{2}\s\d{1}时\d{2}分\d{2}秒",
				"\d{4}/\d{1}/\d{2}\s\d{2}时\d{2}分\d{2}秒",
				"\d{4}/\d{1}/\d{2}\s\d{1}时\d{2}分\d{2}秒",
				"\d{4}/\d{2}/\d{2}\s\d{2}时\d{2}分",
				"\d{4}/\d{2}/\d{2}\s\d{1}时\d{2}分",
				"\d{4}/\d{1}/\d{2}\s\d{2}时\d{2}分",
				"\d{4}/\d{1}/\d{2}\s\d{1}时\d{2}分",
				"\d{4}/\d{2}/\d{2}\s\d{2}时",
				"\d{4}/\d{2}/\d{2}\s\d{1}时",
				"\d{4}/\d{1}/\d{2}\s\d{2}时",
				"\d{4}/\d{1}/\d{2}\s\d{1}时",
				"\d{4}/\d{2}/\d{2}",
				"\d{4}/\d{2}/\d{1}",
				"\d{4}/\d{1}/\d{2}",
				"\d{4}/\d{1}/\d{1}",
				"\d{4}/\d{2}/\d{2}\s\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{4}/\d{2}/\d{2}\s\d{1}:\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{4}/\d{1}/\d{2}\s\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{4}/\d{1}/\d{2}\s\d{1}:\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{4}/\d{2}/\d{2}\s\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{4}/\d{2}/\d{2}\s\d{1}:\d{2}",
				"\d{4}/\d{1}/\d{2}\s\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{4}/\d{1}/\d{2}\s\d{1}:\d{2}",
				"\d{4}/\d{2}/\d{2}\s\d{2}",
				"\d{4}/\d{2}/\d{2}\s\d{1}",
				"\d{4}/\d{1}/\d{2}\s\d{2}",
				"\d{4}/\d{1}/\d{2}\s\d{1}",
				"\d{2}月\d{2}日\s\d{2}时\d{2}分\d{2}秒",
				"\d{2}月\d{2}日\s\d{1}时\d{2}分\d{2}秒",
				"\d{1}月\d{2}日\s\d{1}时\d{2}分\d{2}秒",
				"\d{1}月\d{2}日\s\d{2}时\d{2}分\d{2}秒",
				"\d{2}月\d{2}日\d{2}时\d{2}分\d{2}秒",
				"\d{2}月\d{2}日\s\d{2}时\d{2}分",
				"\d{1}月\d{2}日\s\d{2}时\d{2}分",
				"\d{1}月\d{2}日\s\d{1}时\d{2}分",
				"\d{1}月\d{2}日\s\d{2}时\d{2}分",
				"\d{2}月\d{2}日\d{2}时\d{2}分",
				"\d{2}月\d{2}日\s\d{2}时",
				"\d{2}月\d{2}日\s\d{1}时",
				"\d{1}月\d{2}日\s\d{2}时",
				"\d{1}月\d{2}日\s\d{1}时",
				"\d{2}月\d{2}日\d{2}时", "\d{4}年\d{2}月\d{2}日",
				"\d{2}月\d{1}日", "\d{4}年\d{1}月\d{2}日",
				"\d{1}月\d{1}日",
				"\d{2}月\d{2}日\s\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{2}月\d{2}日\s\d{2}:\d{1}:\d{2}",
				"\d{1}月\d{2}日\s\d{2}:\d{1}:\d{2}",
				"\d{1}月\d{2}日\s\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{2}月\d{2}日\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{2}月\d{2}日\s\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{2}月\d{2}日\s\d{1}:\d{2}",
				"\d{1}月\d{2}日\s\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{1}月\d{2}日\s\d{1}:\d{2}",
				"\d{2}月\d{2}日\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{2}月\d{2}日\s\d{2}",
				"\d{2}月\d{2}日\s\d{1}",
				"\d{1}月\d{2}日\s\d{2}",
				"\d{1}月\d{2}日\s\d{1}",
				"\d{2}月\d{2}日\d{2}",
				"\d{2}-\d{2}\s\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{2}-\d{2}\s\d{1}:\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{1}-\d{2}\s\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{1}-\d{2}\s\d{1}:\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{2}-\d{2}\s\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{2}-\d{2}\s\d{1}:\d{2}",
				"\d{2}-\d{2}\s\d{2}", "\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}",
				"\d{2}-\d{1}", "\d{4}-\d{1}-\d{2}",
				"\d{1}-\d{1}",
				"\d{2}-\d{2}\s\d{2}时\d{2}分\d{2}秒",
				"\d{2}-\d{2}\s\d{1}时\d{2}分\d{2}秒",
				"\d{1}-\d{2}\s\d{2}时\d{2}分\d{2}秒",
				"\d{1}-\d{2}\s\d{1}时\d{2}分\d{2}秒",
				"\d{1}-\d{1}\s\d{1}时\d{2}分\d{2}秒",
				"\d{2}-\d{2}\s\d{2}时\d{2}分",
				"\d{2}-\d{2}\s\d{1}时\d{2}分",
				"\d{1}-\d{2}\s\d{2}时\d{2}分",
				"\d{1}-\d{2}\s\d{1}时\d{2}分",
				"\d{2}-\d{2}\s\d{2}时",
				"\d{2}-\d{2}\s\d{1}时",
				"\d{1}-\d{2}\s\d{2}时",
				"\d{1}-\d{2}\s\d{1}时", "\d{4}.\d{2}.\d{2}",
				"\d{2}.\d{1}", "\d{4}.\d{1}.\d{2}",
				"\d{1}.\d{1}",
				"\d{2}.\d{2}\s\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{2}.\d{2}\s\d{1}:\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{1}.\d{2}\s\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{1}.\d{2}\s\d{1}:\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{1}.\d{1}\s\d{1}:\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{2}.\d{2}\s\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{2}.\d{2}\s\d{1}:\d{2}",
				"\d{1}.\d{2}\s\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{1}.\d{2}\s\d{1}:\d{2}",
				"\d{2}.\d{2}\s\d{2}",
				"\d{2}.\d{2}\s\d{1}",
				"\d{1}.\d{2}\s\d{2}",
				"\d{1}.\d{2}\s\d{1}",
				"\d{2}/\d{2}\s\d{2}时\d{2}分\d{2}秒",
				"\d{2}/\d{2}\s\d{1}时\d{2}分\d{2}秒",
				"\d{1}/\d{2}\s\d{2}时\d{2}分\d{2}秒",
				"\d{1}/\d{2}\s\d{1}时\d{2}分\d{2}秒",
				"\d{2}/\d{2}\s\d{2}时\d{2}分",
				"\d{2}/\d{2}\s\d{1}时\d{2}分",
				"\d{1}/\d{2}\s\d{2}时\d{2}分",
				"\d{1}/\d{2}\s\d{1}时\d{2}分",
				"\d{2}/\d{2}\s\d{2}时",
				"\d{2}/\d{2}\s\d{1}时",
				"\d{1}/\d{2}\s\d{2}时",
				"\d{1}/\d{2}\s\d{1}时",
				"\d{2}/\d{2}",
				"\d{2}/\d{1}",
				"\d{1}/\d{2}",
				"\d{1}/\d{1}",
				"\d{2}/\d{2}\s\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{2}/\d{2}\s\d{1}:\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{1}/\d{2}\s\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{1}/\d{2}\s\d{1}:\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{2}/\d{2}\s\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{2}/\d{2}\s\d{1}:\d{2}",
				"\d{1}/\d{2}\s\d{2}:\d{2}",
				"\d{1}/\d{2}\s\d{1}:\d{2}",
				"\d{2}/\d{2}\s\d{2}",
				"\d{2}/\d{2}\s\d{1}",
				"\d{1}/\d{2}\s\d{2}",
				"\d{1}/\d{2}\s\d{1}",
		};
		String str = "";
		Date date = null;
		for (String reg : regs) {
			String temp = match(reg, stringTime);
			if (temp.length() > str.length()) {
				str = temp;
				if (!"".equals(str)) {
					date = formatDate(str);
				}
			}
		}
		return date;
	}
	/**
	 *
	 * @Description: 把String格式的时间转化为date
	 * @param stringTime
	 * @return:
	 * @throws
	 */
	public static Date formatDate(String stringTime) {
		Date date = null;
		if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(stringTime)) {
			String[] pattern = new String[] { "yyyy年MM月dd日HH时mm分ss秒",
					"yyyy年MM月dd日 HH时mm分ss秒", "yyyy年MM月dd日HH时mm分",
					"yyyy年MM月dd日 HH时mm分", "yyyy年MM月dd日 HH时", "yyyy年MM月dd日HH时",
					"yyyy年MM月dd日", "yyyy年MM月dd日HH:mm:ss",
					"yyyy年MM月dd日 HH:mm:ss", "yyyy年MM月dd日HH:mm",
					"yyyy年MM月dd日 HH:mm", "yyyy年MM月dd日 HH", "yyyy年MM月dd日HH",
					"yyyy-MM-dd HH时mm分ss秒", "yyyy-MM-dd HH时mm分",
					"yyyy-MM-dd HH时", "yyyy-MM-dd", "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss",
					"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm", "yyyy-MM-dd HH",
					"yyyy/MM/dd HH时mm分ss秒", "yyyy/MM/dd HH时mm分",
					"yyyy/MM/dd HH时", "yyyy/MM/dd", "yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss",
					"yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm", "yyyy/MM/dd HH", "yyyy.MM.dd HH:mm:ss",
					"yyyy.MM.dd HH:mm", "yyyy.MM.dd HH", "yyyy.MM.dd",
					"yyyyMMdd", };
			try {
				date = DateUtils.parseDate(stringTime, pattern);
			} catch (ParseException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		return date;
	}
	public static String match(String reg, String stringTime) {
		Pattern p = Pattern.compile(reg);
		Matcher m = p.matcher(stringTime);
		String s = "";
		if (m.find()) {
			s += m.group();
		}
		return s;
	}
	/**
	 * 格式化
	 * @Title: DateToString
	 * @Description:
	 * @param time
	 * @return:
	 * @throws
	 */
	public static String DateToString(Date time) {
		String newDate = DateFormatUtils.format(time,"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
		return newDate;
	}
	
    public static void main(String[] args) {
		String stringTime = "PDFS(iZh9k5gurgwcwpZ) 2020-01-01 21:27:36.560 >订单编号:1112233   提交订单成功!   跟踪号:待取跟踪号   内部单号:2342244";
		Date date = cutDate(stringTime);
		System.out.println(date);
		System.out.println(DateToString(date));
	}
}

我们测试一下：

没问题的。

从字符串中提取年份，要求输出1000-4999之间的所有年份

正则表达式

常用正则表达式：

  • d : 数字字符匹配。等效于 [0-9]
  • D : 非数字字符匹配。等效于 [^0-9]。
  • {n} : n为非负整数，正好匹配n次
  • {n,} : n为非负整数，至少匹配n次
  • [a-z]: 字符范围。匹配指定范围内的任何字符,例如，"[a-z]"匹配"a"到"z"范围内的任何小写字母。
  • [^a-z]: 反向范围字符。匹配不在指定的范围内的任何字符。例如，"[^a-z]"匹配任何不在"a"到"z"范围内的任何字符。
  • : 将下一字符标记为特殊字符、文本、反向引用或八进制转义符
  • ^ : 匹配输入字符串开始的位置
  • $ : 匹配输入字符串结尾的位置。
  • * : 零次或多次匹配前面的字符或子表达式。例如，zo* 匹配"z"和"zoo"。* 等效于 {0,}
  • +: 一次或多次匹配前面的字符或子表达式。例如，"zo+"与"zo"和"zoo"匹配，但与"z"不匹配。+ 等效于 {1,}。
  • ?: 零次或一次匹配前面的字符或子表达式。例如，"do(es)?"匹配"do"或"does"中的"do"。? 等效于 {0,1}。
import java.util.*;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
public class JingDong {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        String str = sc.nextLine();
        String reg = "\D[1-4]\d{3}\D";//eg：a2019a、a2019、2019a
      // 前面不能是数字，后面也不能是数字
        str = str +"a";
        str = "a" + str;
        Pattern p = Pattern.compile(reg);
        Matcher matcher = p.matcher(str);
       while(matcher.find()){
            System.out.print(matcher.group(0).substring(1,5) + " ");
        }
    }
    public static boolean isNum(char a){
        if(Character.isDigit(a)){
            return true;
        }else
            return false;
    }
}

传统匹配：

import java.util.*;
public class JingDong {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
          String str = sc.nextLine();
        if(str.length()<=2000){
            String out = "";
            for (int i = 0; i < str.length()-1;) {
                if(isNum(str.charAt(i) )&& Integer.parseInt(String.valueOf(str.charAt(i))) <=4 && Integer.parseInt(String.valueOf(str.charAt(i)))>=1){
                    if(isNum(str.charAt(i+1))){
                        if(isNum(str.charAt(i+2))){
                            if(isNum(str.charAt(i+3))){
                                if (!isNum(str.charAt(i+4))){
                                    out += str.substring(i,i+4);
                                    out += " ";
                                    i+=4;
                                }
                                i+=4;
                            }else
                            i++;
                        }else
                         i++;
                    }else
                        i++;
                }else
                    i++;
            }
            System.out.println(out);
        }
    public static boolean isNum(char a){
        if(Character.isDigit(a)){
            return true;
        }else
            return false;
    }
}

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