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一文解析LINUX中的socket与VRF

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我是靠谱客的博主 时尚金针菇，最近开发中收集的这篇文章主要介绍一文解析LINUX中的socket与VRF，觉得挺不错的，现在分享给大家，希望可以做个参考。

概述

下面由linux系统教程栏目给大家介绍LINUX中的socket与VRF，希望对需要的朋友有所帮助！

LINUX socket与VRF

实验环境如下图所示：
13313ddf764619db519c4c64ccc25e5.png

配置如下：

#!/bin/bash
sudo ip netns add ns1 
sudo ip link add ns1veth1 type veth peer name eth0 netns ns1
sudo ip netns add ns2
sudo ip link add ns2veth1 type veth peer name eth0 netns ns2
sudo ip link set ns1veth1 master vrftest
sudo ip link set ns2veth1 master vrftest
sudo ip link set ns2veth1 up
sudo ip link set ns1veth1 up
sudo ip addr add 1.1.1.254/24 dev ns1veth1 
sudo ip addr add 2.2.2.254/24 dev ns2veth1 
sudo ip netns exec ns2 ip addr add 2.2.2.1/24 dev eth0 
sudo ip netns exec ns1 ip addr add 1.1.1.1/24 dev eth0 
sudo ip netns exec ns1 ip link set eth0 up
sudo ip netns exec ns1 ip link set lo up
sudo ip netns exec ns1 ip route add default via 1.1.1.254 dev eth0
sudo ip netns exec ns2 ip link set eth0 up
sudo ip netns exec ns2 ip link set lo up
sudo ip netns exec ns2 ip route add default via 2.2.2.254 dev eth0
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实验使用c语言写了两个套接字交互程序：

  • 服务器:vrfs
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<errno.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#define MAXLINE 4096

int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
    int    listenfd, connfd;
    struct sockaddr_in     servaddr;
    char    buff[4096];
    int     n;
    int     on = 1;



    if( (listenfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == -1 ){
        printf("create socket error: %s(errno: %d)n",strerror(errno),errno);
        exit(0);
    }
    setsockopt(listenfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, (void *)&on,
                         sizeof(on));
    setsockopt(listenfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEPORT, (void *)&on,
                         sizeof(on));

    memset(&servaddr, 0, sizeof(servaddr));
    servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
    servaddr.sin_port = htons(6666);

    if(argc == 2){
        printf("vrf device name: %srn", argv[1]);
        if(0 > setsockopt(listenfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_BINDTODEVICE, argv[1], strlen(argv[1])+1)){
             printf("bind socket master dev error: %s(errno: %d)n",strerror(errno),errno);
             exit(0);
        }
    }

    if( bind(listenfd, (struct sockaddr*)&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr)) == -1){
        printf("bind socket error: %s(errno: %d)n",strerror(errno),errno);
        exit(0);
    }

    if( listen(listenfd, 10) == -1){
        printf("listen socket error: %s(errno: %d)n",strerror(errno),errno);
        exit(0);
    }

    printf("======waiting for client's request======n");
    while(1){
        if((connfd = accept(listenfd, (struct sockaddr*)NULL, NULL)) == -1){
                printf("accept socket error: %s(errno: %d)",strerror(errno),errno);
                continue;
        }
        n = recv(connfd, buff, MAXLINE, 0);
        buff[n] = '';
        printf("recv msg from client: %sn", buff);
        close(connfd);
    }

    close(listenfd);
}
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  • 客户端程序：vrfc
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<errno.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#define MAXLINE 4096
#include <arpa/inet.h>

int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
    int    sockfd, n;
    char   *sendline = "hello vrf";
    struct sockaddr_in    servaddr;

    if( argc != 2){
    printf("usage: ./client <ipaddress> [master device]n");
    exit(0);
    }

    if( (sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0){
    printf("create socket error: %s(errno: %d)n", strerror(errno),errno);
    exit(0);
    }

    memset(&servaddr, 0, sizeof(servaddr));
    servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    servaddr.sin_port = htons(6666);
    if( inet_pton(AF_INET, argv[1], &servaddr.sin_addr) <= 0){
    printf("inet_pton error for %sn",argv[1]);
    exit(0);
    }

    if(argc == 3){
        printf("vrf device name: %srn", argv[2]);
        if(0 > setsockopt(sockfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_BINDTODEVICE, argv[2], strlen(argv[2])+1)){
             printf("bind socket master dev error: %s(errno: %d)n",strerror(errno),errno);
             exit(0);
        }
    }
    if( connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr*)&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr)) < 0){
    printf("connect error: %s(errno: %d)n",strerror(errno),errno);
    exit(0);
    }

    printf("send msg to server: hello vrfn");
    
    if( send(sockfd, sendline, strlen(sendline), 0) < 0)
    {
    printf("send msg error: %s(errno: %d)n", strerror(errno), errno);
    exit(0);
    }

    close(sockfd);
    exit(0);
}
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实验一：惊群效应

在默认VRF环境下，启动两个进程，监听相同的端口和地址：程序中套接口使用了SO_REUSEADDR和SO_REUSEPORT。查看内核如何处理惊群效应。

console1:

admin@ubuntu:~/vrfsocket$ for i in {0..9}; do ./vrfc 127.0.0.1; done  
send msg to server: hello vrf
send msg to server: hello vrf
send msg to server: hello vrf
send msg to server: hello vrf
send msg to server: hello vrf
send msg to server: hello vrf
send msg to server: hello vrf
send msg to server: hello vrf
send msg to server: hello vrf
send msg to server: hello vrf
admin@ubuntu:~/vrfsocket$
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console2:

admin@ubuntu:~/vrfsocket$ ./vrfs 
======waiting for client's request======
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
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console3:

admin@ubuntu:~/vrfsocket$ ./vrfs 
======waiting for client's request======
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
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结论

新内核似乎已经能够处理惊群效应了，收到请求时不再通知所有监听该端口的服务器程序，而是会进行一定的负载均衡调度处理。

实验二：启动两个服务器，一个绑定VRF，一个不绑定，客户端不绑定VRF

console1:

admin@ubuntu:~/vrfsocket$ for i in {0..9}; do sudo ./vrfc 127.0.0.1; done
send msg to server: hello vrf
send msg to server: hello vrf
send msg to server: hello vrf
send msg to server: hello vrf
send msg to server: hello vrf
send msg to server: hello vrf
send msg to server: hello vrf
send msg to server: hello vrf
send msg to server: hello vrf
send msg to server: hello vrf
admin@ubuntu:~/vrfsocket$
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console2:

root@ubuntu:/home/admin/vrfsocket# ./vrfs
======waiting for client's request======
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
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console3:

root@ubuntu:/home/admin/vrfsocket# ./vrfs vrftest
vrf device name: vrftest
======waiting for client's request======
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结论：服务器监听套接字绑定VRF后，不再处理默认VRF中的请求

实验三：启动两个服务器，一个绑定VRF，一个不绑定，客户端绑定VRF

console1：

admin@ubuntu:~/vrfsocket$ for i in {0..9}; do sudo ./vrfc 1.1.1.254 vrftest; done
vrf device name: vrftest
send msg to server: hello vrf
vrf device name: vrftest
send msg to server: hello vrf
vrf device name: vrftest
send msg to server: hello vrf
vrf device name: vrftest
send msg to server: hello vrf
vrf device name: vrftest
send msg to server: hello vrf
vrf device name: vrftest
send msg to server: hello vrf
vrf device name: vrftest
send msg to server: hello vrf
vrf device name: vrftest
send msg to server: hello vrf
vrf device name: vrftest
send msg to server: hello vrf
vrf device name: vrftest
send msg to server: hello vrf
admin@ubuntu:~/vrfsocket$
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console2：在root用户下运行

root@ubuntu:/home/admin/vrfsocket# ./vrfs
======waiting for client's request======
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console3：在root用户下运行。

root@ubuntu:/home/admin/vrfsocket# ./vrfs vrftest
vrf device name: vrftest
======waiting for client's request======
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
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结论：服务器监听套接字不绑定VRF，不能处理非默认VRF中的请求

实验四：设置sudo sysctl -w net.ipv4.tcp_l3mdev_accept=1

启动两个服务器，一个绑定VRF，一个不绑定，客户端不绑定VRF

console1：

admin@ubuntu:~/vrfsocket$ for i in {0..9}; do sudo ./vrfc 127.0.0.1; done
send msg to server: hello vrf
send msg to server: hello vrf
send msg to server: hello vrf
send msg to server: hello vrf
send msg to server: hello vrf
send msg to server: hello vrf
send msg to server: hello vrf
send msg to server: hello vrf
send msg to server: hello vrf
send msg to server: hello vrf
admin@ubuntu:~/vrfsocket$
登录后复制
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console2:

root@ubuntu:/home/admin/vrfsocket# ./vrfs
======waiting for client's request======
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
登录后复制
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console3:

root@ubuntu:/home/admin/vrfsocket# ./vrfs vrftest
vrf device name: vrftest
======waiting for client's request======
登录后复制
登录后复制
登录后复制
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启动一个服务器，绑定VRF，客户端不绑定VRF

console1：

admin@ubuntu:~/vrfsocket$ for i in {0..9}; do sudo ./vrfc 127.0.0.1; done
connect error: Connection refused(errno: 111)
connect error: Connection refused(errno: 111)
connect error: Connection refused(errno: 111)
connect error: Connection refused(errno: 111)
connect error: Connection refused(errno: 111)
connect error: Connection refused(errno: 111)
connect error: Connection refused(errno: 111)
connect error: Connection refused(errno: 111)
connect error: Connection refused(errno: 111)
connect error: Connection refused(errno: 111)
admin@ubuntu:~/vrfsocket$
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console3:

root@ubuntu:/home/admin/vrfsocket# ./vrfs vrftest
vrf device name: vrftest
======waiting for client's request======
登录后复制
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启动一个服务器，绑定VRF，客户端绑定VRF

console1：

admin@ubuntu:~/vrfsocket$ for i in {0..9}; do sudo ./vrfc 1.1.1.254 vrftest; done
vrf device name: vrftest
send msg to server: hello vrf
vrf device name: vrftest
send msg to server: hello vrf
vrf device name: vrftest
send msg to server: hello vrf
vrf device name: vrftest
send msg to server: hello vrf
vrf device name: vrftest
send msg to server: hello vrf
vrf device name: vrftest
send msg to server: hello vrf
vrf device name: vrftest
send msg to server: hello vrf
vrf device name: vrftest
send msg to server: hello vrf
vrf device name: vrftest
send msg to server: hello vrf
vrf device name: vrftest
send msg to server: hello vrf
admin@ubuntu:~/vrfsocket$
登录后复制
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console3:

root@ubuntu:/home/admin/vrfsocket# ./vrfs vrftest
vrf device name: vrftest
======waiting for client's request======
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
登录后复制
登录后复制

启动两个服务器，一个绑定VRF，一个不绑定，客户端绑定VRF

console1：

admin@ubuntu:~/vrfsocket$ for i in {0..9}; do sudo ./vrfc 1.1.1.254 vrftest; done
vrf device name: vrftest
send msg to server: hello vrf
vrf device name: vrftest
send msg to server: hello vrf
vrf device name: vrftest
send msg to server: hello vrf
vrf device name: vrftest
send msg to server: hello vrf
vrf device name: vrftest
send msg to server: hello vrf
vrf device name: vrftest
send msg to server: hello vrf
vrf device name: vrftest
send msg to server: hello vrf
vrf device name: vrftest
send msg to server: hello vrf
vrf device name: vrftest
send msg to server: hello vrf
vrf device name: vrftest
send msg to server: hello vrf
admin@ubuntu:~/vrfsocket$
登录后复制
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console2:

root@ubuntu:/home/admin/vrfsocket# ./vrfs
======waiting for client's request======
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
recv msg from client: hello vrf
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console3:

root@ubuntu:/home/admin/vrfsocket# ./vrfs vrftest
vrf device name: vrftest
======waiting for client's request======
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在打开sudo sysctl -w net.ipv4.tcp_l3mdev_accept=1后，默认VRF中的监听套接字能够处理所有VRF中的请求，且优先级高于其它的VRF的监听套接字。

总结

序号结论
1多个服务器器监听同一地址和端口，内核会进行负载均衡，选择唤醒其中一个进程处理请求。
2默认VRF中的服务器进程不能处理非默认VRF中的请求，非默认VRF中的服务器进程不能处理其它VRF中的请求
3开启net.ipv4.tcp_l3mdev_accept=1后，默认VRF中的服务器进程可以处理任意VRF中的请求，且优先级最高
4开启net.ipv4.tcp_l3mdev_accept=1后，非默认VRF中的服务器进程不能处理其它VRF中的请求，在处理本VRF中的流量时，优先级低于默认VRF中的进程。

推荐学习：《linux视频教程》

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