详解Golang语言HTTP客户端实践

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我是靠谱客的博主正直蛋挞，最近开发中收集的这篇文章主要介绍详解Golang语言HTTP客户端实践，觉得挺不错的，现在分享给大家，希望可以做个参考。

概述

这里我从了Golang SDK自带的net/http包提供的HTTP相关API，虽然本身提供了http.PostForm()、http.Post()以及http.Get()封装好的方法，但是在处理HTTPrequest的header和cookie处理缺乏灵活性，所以我重新将net/http封装的API进行第二次封装。其中存在几处遗漏，比如HTTPstatus的判断以及header中Content-Type自动处理，这个以后再丰富，暂时的目标就是能用。

HTTP客户端封装

package task

import (
 "bytes"
 "encoding/json"
 "fmt"
 "io/ioutil"
 "net/http"
 "net/url"
 "strings"
 "time"
)

var Client http.Client = clients()

// Res 模拟响应结构
// @Description:
type Res struct {
 Have string `json:"Have"`
}

// Get 获取GET请求
// @Description:
// @param uri
// @param args
// @return *http.Request
func Get(uri string, args map[string]interface{}) *http.Request {
 uri = uri +  "?" +ToValues(args)
 request, _ := http.NewRequest("get", uri, nil)
 return request
}

// PostForm POST接口form表单
// @Description:
// @param path
// @param args
// @return *http.Request
func PostForm(path string, args map[string]interface{}) *http.Request {
 request, _ := http.NewRequest("post", path, strings.NewReader(ToValues(args)))
 return request
}

// PostJson POST请求,JSON参数
// @Description:
// @param path
// @param args
// @return *http.Request
func PostJson(path string, args map[string]interface{}) *http.Request {
 marshal, _ := json.Marshal(args)
 request, _ := http.NewRequest("post", path, bytes.NewReader(marshal))

 return request
}

// ToValues 将map解析成HTTP参数,用于GET和POST form表单
// @Description:
// @param args
// @return string
func ToValues(args map[string]interface{}) string {
 if args != nil && len(args) > 0 {
  params := url.Values{}
  for k, v := range args {
   params.Set(k, fmt.Sprintf("%v", v))
  }
  return params.Encode()
 }
 return ""
}

// Response 获取响应详情,默认[]byte格式
// @Description:
// @param request
// @return []byte
func Response(request *http.Request) []byte {
 res, err := Client.Do(request)
 if err != nil {
  return nil
 }
 body, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(res.Body) // 读取响应 body, 返回为 []byte
 defer res.Body.Close()
 return body
}

// clients 初始化请求客户端
// @Description:
// @return http.Client
func clients() http.Client {
 return http.Client{
  Timeout: time.Duration(5) * time.Second, //超时时间
  Transport: &http.Transport{
   MaxIdleConnsPerHost:   5,   //单个路由最大空闲连接数
   MaxConnsPerHost:       100, //单个路由最大连接数
   IdleConnTimeout:       90 * time.Second,
   TLSHandshakeTimeout:   10 * time.Second,
   ExpectContinueTimeout: 1 * time.Second,
  },
 }
}

// ParseRes 解析响应
// @Description:
// @receiver r
// @param res
func (r *Res) ParseRes(res []byte) {
 json.Unmarshal(res, r)
}

// ParseRes 解析响应,将[]byte转成传入对象
// @Description:
// @param res
// @param r
//
func ParseRes(res []byte, r interface{}) {
 json.Unmarshal(res, r)
}

测试脚本

package main

import (
 "fmt"
 "funtester/src/task"
 "io"
 "log"
 "net/http"
 "os"
 "time"
)

const (
 a = iota
 b
 c
 d
 e
)

func init() {
 os.Mkdir("./log/", 0777)
 os.Mkdir("./long/", 0777)
 file := "./log/" + string(time.Now().Format("20060102")) + ".log"
 openFile, _ := os.OpenFile(file, os.O_RDWR|os.O_CREATE|os.O_APPEND, 0666)
 writer := io.MultiWriter(os.Stdout, openFile)
 log.SetOutput(writer)
 log.SetFlags(log.LstdFlags | log.Lshortfile | log.Ldate)
}

func main() {

 url := "http://localhost:12345/test"
 args := map[string]interface{}{
  "name": "FunTester",
  "fun":  "fdsafj",
 }
 cookie := &http.Cookie{
  Name:  "token",
  Value: "fsjej09u0934jtej",
 }
 get := task.Get(url, args)
 get.Header.Add("user_agent", "FunTester")
 get.AddCookie(cookie)
 response := task.Response(get)
 fmt.Println(string(response))
 form := task.PostForm(url, args)
 bytes := task.Response(form)
 fmt.Println(string(bytes))
 json := task.PostJson(url, args)
 res := task.Response(json)
 fmt.Println(string(res))

}

控制台输出

GOROOT=/usr/local/go #gosetup
GOPATH=/Users/oker/go #gosetup
/usr/local/go/bin/go build -o /private/var/folders/7b/0djfgf7j7p9ch_hgm9wx9n6w0000gn/T/GoLand/___go_build_funtester_src_m funtester/src/m #gosetup
/private/var/folders/7b/0djfgf7j7p9ch_hgm9wx9n6w0000gn/T/GoLand/___go_build_funtester_src_m
get请求
post请求form表单
post请求json表单

Process finished with the exit code 0

测试服务

依旧采用了moco_FunTester测试框架实现。

package com.mocofun.moco.main

import com.funtester.utils.ArgsUtil
import com.mocofun.moco.MocoServer

class Share extends MocoServer {

    static void main(String[] args) {
        def util = new ArgsUtil(args)
        //                def server = getServerNoLog(util.getIntOrdefault(0,12345))
        def server = getServer(util.getIntOrdefault(0, 12345))
        server.get(urlStartsWith("/test")).response("get请求")
        server.post(both(urlStartsWith("/test"), existForm("fun"))).response("post请求form表单")
        server.post(both(urlStartsWith("/test"), existParams("fun"))).response("post请求json表单")
        server.get(urlStartsWith("/qps")).response(qps(textRes("恭喜到达QPS!"), 1))
//        server.response(delay(jsonRes(getJson("Have=Fun ~ Tester ！")), 1000))
        server.response("Have Fun ~ Tester ！")
        def run = run(server)
        waitForKey("fan")
        run.stop()
    }
}

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