搭建Vue从Vue-cli到router路由护卫的实现

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我是靠谱客的博主开朗香菇，最近开发中收集的这篇文章主要介绍搭建Vue从Vue-cli到router路由护卫的实现，觉得挺不错的，现在分享给大家，希望可以做个参考。

概述

别的不多说,开始动爪把,

首先安装vue-cli mac: sudo npm install -g @vue/cli

github:

https://github.com/XinYueXiao/vue-routes

1、Vue-cli基础使用

1.1 创建测试项目 vue create vue-routes

1.2 创建成功,启动项目 yarn serve

在 http://localhost:8080/ 就可以看到欢迎:clap:页面了

1.3 搞点自定义配置,新建vue.config.js

const title = '双11剁手啦'
const port = '1111'
module.exports = {
  publicPath: '/wxy',
  //自定义端口号
  devServer: {
    port
  },
  //自定义变量
  configureWebpack: {
    name: title
  }
}

配置完成后重新启动 yarn serve 效果图

如何配置svg图标

1）准备一个svg，例如： src/icons/svg/hg.svg

2）安装loader yarn add svg-sprite-loader

3）对config进行链式操作即可修改loader

const path = require('path')
//处理地址
function resolve(dir) {
  return path.join(__dirname, dir)
}
module.exports = {
  ...,
  chainWebpack(config) {
    //安装loader,对config进行链式操作即可修改loader、plugins
    //1.svg rule中要排除icons目录
    config.module.rule('svg')
      //转换为绝对地址
      .exclude.add(resolve('src/icons'))
      //查看配置后svg规则 vue inspect --rule svg
    //2.添加一个规则icons
    config.module.rule('icons')
      .test(/.svg$/)
      .include.add(resolve('src/icons')).end()
      .use('svg-sprite-loader')
      .loader('svg-sprite-loader')
      .options({
        symbolId: 'icon-[name]'
      })
  }
}

4）svg rule中要排除icons目录后配置

5）添加一个规则icons配置

6）新建 src/components/SvgIcon.vue 模板

<template>
 <svg :class="svgClass" aria-hidden="true" v-on="$listeners">
  <use :xlink:href="iconName" rel="external nofollow" />
 </svg>
</template>
<script>
export default {
 name: "SvgIcon",
 props: {
  iconClass: {
   type: String,
   required: true
  },
  className: {
   type: String,
   default: ""
  }
 },
 computed: {
  iconName() {
   return `#icon-${this.iconClass}`;
  },
  svgClass() {
   if (this.className) {
    return "svg-icon " + this.className;
   } else {
    return "svg-icon";
   }
  }
 }
};
</script>
<style scoped>
.svg-icon {
 width: 1em;
 height: 1em;
 vertical-align: -0.15em;
 fill: currentColor;
 overflow: hidden;
}
</style>

7）新建 src/icons/index.js 在main.js下引入icon

//src/icons/index.js
import Vue from 'vue'
import SvgIcon from '@/components/SvgIcon'
//图标自动加载
const req = require.context('./svg', false, /.svg$/)
req.keys().map(req)
Vue.component('svg-icon', SvgIcon)

//main.js
import "./icons";

8）在App.vue引入图标

 <svg-icon icon-class="hg"></svg-icon>

效果如下：

2、router路由守卫

何为守卫，即为阻止无身份者进入组织内部

安装yarn add vue-router 控制路由

安装yarn add vuex 存储身份认证

2.1 路由配置

src/router/index.js

import Vue from "vue";
import Router from "vue-router";
import Layout from '@/layout'; // 布局页
Vue.use(Router);
// 通用页面:不需要守卫，可直接访问 
export const constRoutes = [
  {
    path: "/login",
    component: () => import("@/views/Login"),
    hidden: true // 导航菜单忽略该项
  }, {
    path: "/",
    component: Layout,// 应用布局
    redirect: "/home",
    children: [
      {
        path: "home",
        component: () =>
          import(/* webpackChunkName: "home" */ "@/views/Home.vue"),
        name: "home",
        meta: {
          title: "Home", // 导航菜单项标题
          icon: "hg" // 导航菜单项图标 
        }
      }]
  }];
// 权限页面:受保护页面，要求用户登录并拥有访问权限的角色才能访问 
export const asyncRoutes = [
  {
    path: "/about",
    component: Layout,
    redirect: "/about/index",
    children: [
      {
        path: "index",
        component: () =>
          import(/* webpackChunkName: "home" */ "@/views/About.vue"),
        name: "about",
        meta: {
          title: "About",
          icon: "hg",
          roles: ['admin', 'editor']
        },
      }
    ]
  }
];
export default new Router({
  mode: "history",
  base: process.env.BASE_URL,
  routes: constRoutes
});

布局组件 src/layout

<template>
 <div class="app-wrapper">
  <div class="main-container">
   <router-view />
  </div>
 </div>
</template>

路由展示src/App.vue

<template>
 <div id="app">
  <!-- 路由 -->
  <div id="nav">
   <router-link to="/">
    <svg-icon icon-class="wx"></svg-icon>
    <!-- <svg>
     <use xlink:href="#icon-wx" rel="external nofollow" ></use>
    </svg>-->
    Home
   </router-link>|
   <router-link to="/about">
    <svg-icon icon-class="hg"></svg-icon>About
   </router-link>
  </div>
  <!-- 4.路由视图 -->
  <!-- 问题：router-link和router-view是哪来的 -->
  <router-view></router-view>
 </div>
</template>

<script>
export default {
 name: "app",
 components: {}
};
</script>

<style>
#app {
 font-family: "Avenir", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
 -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
 -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
 text-align: center;
 color: #2c3e50;
 margin-top: 60px;
}
</style>

2.2 准备页面

src/views/About.vue

<template>
 <div class="about">
  <h1>This is an about page</h1>
 </div>
</template>

src/views/Home.vue

<template>
 <div class="home">
  <img alt="Vue logo" src="../assets/logo.png" />
  <HelloWorld msg="Welcome to Your Vue.js App" />
 </div>
</template>

<script>
// @ is an alias to /src
import HelloWorld from "@/components/HelloWorld.vue";
export default {
 name: "home",
 components: {
  HelloWorld
 }
};
</script>

src/views/Login.vue

<template>
 <div>
  <h2>用户登录</h2>
  <div>
   <input type="text" v-model="username" />
   <button @click="login">登录</button>
  </div>
 </div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
 data() {
  return {
   username: "admin"
  };
 },
 methods: {
  login() {
   this.$store
    .dispatch("user/login", { username: this.username })
    .then(() => {
     this.$router.push({
      path: this.$route.query.redirect || "/"
     });
    })
    .catch(error => {
     alert(error);
    });
  }
 }
};
</script>

2.3 身份认证

import router from "./router";
import store from "./store";
const whiteList = ["/home", "/login"]; // 无需令牌白名单
// 全局路由守卫
router.beforeEach(async (to, from, next) => {
  // 获取令牌判断用户是否登录
  const hasToken = localStorage.getItem("token");

  // 已登录
  if (hasToken) {
    if (to.path === "/login") {
      // 若已登录没有必要显示登录页，重定向至首页
      next({ path: "/" });
    } else {
      // 去其他路由，暂时放过
      //  next()
      // 接下来执行用户角色逻辑, todo
      //  1.判断用户是否拥有角色
      const hasRoles =
        store.state.user.roles && store.state.user.roles.length > 0;

      if (hasRoles) {
        next();
      } else {
        // 2.获取用户角色
        const roles = await store.dispatch("user/getInfo");

        const accessRoutes = await store.dispatch("permission/generateRoutes", roles);

        //  动态添加路由到路由器
        router.addRoutes(accessRoutes);

        // 跳转
        next({ ...to });
      }
    }
  } else {
    // 未登录
    if (whiteList.indexOf(to.path) !== -1) {
      // 白名单中路由放过
      next();
    } else {
      // 重定向至登录页
      next(`/login?redirect=${to.path}`);
    }
  }
});

2.4 用户信息设置

import Vue from "vue";
import Vuex from "vuex";
import user from './modules/user'
import permission from './modules/permission'

Vue.use(Vuex);

export default new Vuex.Store({
  modules: {
    user, permission
  }
});

src/store/modules/user.js

const state = {
  token: localStorage.getItem("token"),
  // 其他用户信息
  roles: []
};

const mutations = {
  SET_TOKEN: (state, token) => {
    state.token = token;
  },
  SET_ROLES: (state, roles) => {
    state.roles = roles;
  },
};

const actions = {
  // 模拟用户登录
  login({ commit }, userInfo) {
    const { username } = userInfo;
    return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
      setTimeout(() => {
        if (username === "admin" || username === "jerry") {
          commit("SET_TOKEN", username);
          localStorage.setItem("token", username);
          resolve();
        } else {
          reject("用户名、密码错误");
        }
      }, 1000);
    });
  },
  getInfo({ commit, state }) {
    return new Promise((resolve) => {
      setTimeout(() => {
        const roles = state.token === 'admin' ? ['admin'] : ['editor']
        commit('SET_ROLES', roles)
        resolve(roles)
      }, 1000);
    })
  }
};

export default {
  namespaced: true,
  state,
  mutations,
  actions,
};

2.5 用户路由权限 src/store/modules/permission.js

// 导入asyncRoutes，过滤它看当前用户是否拥有响应权限
import {asyncRoutes, constRoutes} from '@/router'

const state = {
  routes: [], // 完整路由
  addRoutes: [], // 权限路由
}

const mutations = {
  // routes: 用户可访问的权限路由
  SET_ROUTES: (state, routes) => {
    state.addRoutes = routes;
    state.routes = constRoutes.concat(routes);
  }
}

const actions = {
  generateRoutes({commit}, roles) {
    // 过滤出能访问的路由表
    const routes = filterAsyncRoutes(asyncRoutes, roles)
    commit('SET_ROUTES', routes)
    return routes;
  }
}

function filterAsyncRoutes(routes, roles) {
  const res = [];

  routes.forEach(route => {
    // 复制一份路由
    const tmp = {...route};
    // 拥有访问权限
    if (hasPermission(roles, tmp)) {
      if (tmp.children) {
        // 递归子路由
        tmp.children = filterAsyncRoutes(tmp.children, roles)
      }

      res.push(tmp);
    }    
  })

  return res;
}

function hasPermission(roles, route) {
  if (route.meta && route.meta.roles) {
    return roles.some(role => route.meta.roles.includes(role))
  } else {
    // 路由定义中没有roles选项，则不需要权限即可访问
    return true;
  }
}

export default {
  namespaced: true, 
  state,
  mutations,
  actions
}

2.6 最终效果图