linux安装mpich

为了做课设，不得不安装个mpich，找了好久方法。下面简单介绍下安装方法

1. yum安装，这是比较简单的安装方式
   注意：先要配置好yum的网络源安装epel-release扩展源，我试了下本地的貌似没安装成功

   [root@c1 yum.repos.d]# yum -y install mpich-3.2-devel.x86_64 mpich-3.2-devel.x86_64 mpich-3.2-doc.noarch 
   
   安装好之后是找不到命令的，需要手动配置环境变量
   
   [root@c1 yum.repos.d]# find / -name "mpicc"
   /usr/lib64/mpich-3.2/bin/mpicc
   先搜索一下安装路径
   
   设置环境变量：
   在 /etc/profile添加一下内容：
   PATH=$PATH://usr/lib64/mpich-3.2/bin/
   
   刷新一下：
   source /etc/profile
   
   命令就可直接使用了
   新建一个文件test.c
   [root@host ~]# cat test.c 
   #include <mpi.h>
   #include <stdio.h>
   #include <math.h>
   int main(int argc,char* argv[])
   {
       int myid, numprocs;
       int namelen;
       char processor_name[MPI_MAX_PROCESSOR_NAME];
   
       MPI_Init(&argc,&argv);/* 初始化并行环境 */
       MPI_Comm_rank(MPI_COMM_WORLD,&myid);/* 当前进程的ID号 */
       MPI_Comm_size(MPI_COMM_WORLD,&numprocs);/* 进程的总數 */
       MPI_Get_processor_name(processor_name,&namelen);/* 当前处理器的名称 */
   
       fprintf(stderr,"Hello World! Process %d of %d on %sn",
                                   myid, numprocs, processor_name);
   
       MPI_Finalize();/* 结束并行环境 */
       return 0;
       }
   
   [root@c1 ~]# mpicc -o hello test.c 
   
   [root@c1 ~]# mpirun -np 4 ./hello 
   Fatal error in MPI_Init: Other MPI error, error stack:
   MPIR_Init_thread(474)..............: 
   MPID_Init(190).....................: channel initialization failed
   MPIDI_CH3_Init(89).................: 
   MPID_nem_init(320).................: 
   MPID_nem_tcp_init(173).............: 
   MPID_nem_tcp_get_business_card(420): 
   MPID_nem_tcp_init(379).............: gethostbyname failed, c1 (errno 1)
   
   但是这里运行还是会报错，原因在于，没有配置好域名解析：
   需要配置域名解析
   
   在/etsc/hosts中与/etc/hostname中的名字需要一致，贴出我的配置
   [root@host ~]# cat /etc/hosts
   127.0.0.1   host
   ::1         localhost 
   
   [root@host ~]# cat /etc/hostname
   host
   
   可以通过ssh 连接host   如果连接成功说明配置成功
   
   接下来就可运行了
   [root@host ~]# mpirun -np 4 ./hello 
   Hello World! Process 0 of 4 on host
   Hello World! Process 2 of 4 on host
   Hello World! Process 1 of 4 on host
   Hello World! Process 3 of 4 on host

2. 源码安装mpich

[root@c1 ~]# wget http://www.mpich.org/static/downloads/3.2/mpich-3.2.tar.gz
--2018-05-28 18:06:45--  http://www.mpich.org/static/downloads/3.2/mpich-3.2.tar.gz
正在解析主机 www.mpich.org (www.mpich.org)... 140.221.6.71
正在连接 www.mpich.org (www.mpich.org)|140.221.6.71|:80... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 200 OK
长度：11862150 (11M) [application/x-gzip]
正在保存至: “mpich-3.2.tar.gz”

100%[=====================================================>] 11,862,150   213KB/s 用时 54s    

2018-05-28 18:07:40 (215 KB/s) - 已保存 “mpich-3.2.tar.gz” [11862150/11862150])

[[root@c1 ~]# tar zxf mpich-3.2.tar.gz 
[root@c1 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  initial-setup-ks.cfg  mpich-3.2  mpich-3.2.tar.gz
[root@c1 ~]# cd mpich-3.2/

[root@c1 mpich-3.2]# ls
aclocal.m4  configure     doc          Makefile.in       mpi.def        src
autogen.sh  configure.ac  examples     man               README         subsys_include.m4
CHANGES     contrib       maint        mpich.def         README.envvar  test
confdb      COPYRIGHT     Makefile.am  mpich-doxygen.in  RELEASE_NOTES  www

编译
[root@c1 mpich-3.2]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mpich
………………..
config.status: executing default-4 commands
Configuration completed.   //中间一大串，看见这个就成功了

安装：
注意：中间如果报错，可能是缺少gcc、build-essential依赖，yum直接安装就行了
[root@c1 mpich-3.2]# make && make install

安装成功后同样找不到命令，还是需要配置环境变量

[root@c1 mpich-3.2]# ls /usr/local/mpich/bin/*    //这是之前指定的安装目录
/usr/local/mpich/bin/hydra_nameserver  /usr/local/mpich/bin/mpiexec.hydra
/usr/local/mpich/bin/hydra_persist     /usr/local/mpich/bin/mpif77
/usr/local/mpich/bin/hydra_pmi_proxy   /usr/local/mpich/bin/mpif90
/usr/local/mpich/bin/mpic++            /usr/local/mpich/bin/mpifort
/usr/local/mpich/bin/mpicc             /usr/local/mpich/bin/mpirun
/usr/local/mpich/bin/mpichversion      /usr/local/mpich/bin/mpivars
/usr/local/mpich/bin/mpicxx            /usr/local/mpich/bin/parkill
/usr/local/mpich/bin/mpiexec

添加环境和之前一样

[root@c1 mpich-3.2]# tail -1 /etc/profile
PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mpich/bin/
[root@c1 mpich-3.2]# source /etc/profile

这会儿就能看到mpicc的命令了。。。成功了

测试下：（还是利用上面那个例子）

[root@c1 ~]# mpicc -o test test.c 
[root@c1 ~]# mpirun -np 4 ./test
Fatal error in MPI_Init: Other MPI error, error stack:
MPIR_Init_thread(474)..............: 
MPID_Init(190).....................: channel initialization failed
MPIDI_CH3_Init(89).................: 
MPID_nem_init(320).................: 
MPID_nem_tcp_init(173).............: 
MPID_nem_tcp_get_business_card(420): 
MPID_nem_tcp_init(379).............: gethostbyname failed, c1 (errno 1)

同样报错…….
但是解决方法和上面那个完全一样，都是host名字设置不一样造成的