【HttpClient4.5中文教程】十一. 状态管理（Cookie相关）1.HTTP cookie2.cookie详解3.选择cookie策略4.自定义cookie策略5.Cookie 持久化6.HTTP状态管理和执行上下文

原始的 HTTP 是被设计为无状态的，面向请求/响应的协议，没有特别对一些逻辑相关的请求/响应交换的设置会话状态。 由于 HTTP 协议变得越来越普及和受欢迎，越来越多的从前没有打算使用它的系统也开始为应用程序来使用它，比如作为电子商务应用程序的传输。因此，支持状态管理就变得非常必要了。

网景公司，一度成为 Web 客户端和服务器软件开发者的领导方向，在它们基于专有规范的产品中实现了对 HTTP 状态管理的支持。 之后，网景公司试图通过发布规范草案来规范这种机制。 它们的努力通过 RFC 标准跟踪促成了这些规范定义。然而，在很多应用程序中的状态管理仍然基于网景公司的草案而不兼容官方的规范。 很多主要的Web浏览器开发者觉得有必要保留那些极大促进应用程序兼容性的标准草案。

1.HTTP cookie

BasicClientCookie cookie = new BasicClientCookie("name", "value");
// Set effective domain and path attributes
cookie.setDomain(".mycompany.com");
cookie.setPath("/");
// Set attributes exactly as sent by the server
cookie.setAttribute(ClientCookie.PATH_ATTR, "/");
cookie.setAttribute(ClientCookie.DOMAIN_ATTR, ".mycompany.com");

2.cookie详解

Standard strict：State management policy compliant with the syntax and semantics of the wellbehaved profile defined by RFC 6265, section 4.

Standard：State management policy compliant with a more relaxed profile defined by RFC
6265, section 4 intended for interoperability with existing servers that do not conform to the well
behaved profile.

Netscape draft (obsolete)：This policy conforms to the original draft specification published
by Netscape Communications. It should be avoided unless absolutely necessary for compatibility
with legacy code.

RFC 2965 (obsolete)：State management policy compliant with the obsolete state management
specification defined by RFC 2965. Please do not use in new applications.--->已废弃

RFC 2109 (obsolete)：State management policy compliant with the obsolete state management
specification defined by RFC 2109. Please do not use in new applications--->已废弃

Browser compatibility (obsolete)：This policy strives to closely mimic the (mis)behavior of
older versions of browser applications such as Microsoft Internet Explorer and Mozilla FireFox.
Please do not use in new applications.--->已废弃

Default：Default cookie policy is a synthetic policy that picks up either RFC 2965, RFC 2109
or Netscape draft compliant implementation based on properties of cookies sent with the HTTP
response (such as version attribute, now obsolete). This policy will be deprecated in favor of the
standard (RFC 6265 compliant) implementation in the next minor release of HttpClient.

Ignore cookies：所有的cookie将会被忽略

3.选择cookie策略

RequestConfig globalConfig = RequestConfig.custom()
    .setCookieSpec(CookieSpecs.DEFAULT)
    .build();
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.custom()
    .setDefaultRequestConfig(globalConfig)
    .build();
RequestConfig localConfig = RequestConfig.copy(globalConfig)
    .setCookieSpec(CookieSpecs.STANDARD_STRICT)
.build();
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet("/");
httpGet.setConfig(localConfig);

4.自定义cookie策略

PublicSuffixMatcher publicSuffixMatcher = PublicSuffixMatcherLoader.getDefault();
Registry<CookieSpecProvider> r = RegistryBuilder.<CookieSpecProvider>create()
   .register(CookieSpecs.DEFAULT,new DefaultCookieSpecProvider(publicSuffixMatcher))
   .register(CookieSpecs.STANDARD,newRFC6265CookieSpecProvider(publicSuffixMatcher))
   .register("easy", new EasySpecProvider())
   .build();
RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom()
   .setCookieSpec("easy")
   .build();
   CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.custom()
   .setDefaultCookieSpecRegistry(r)
   .setDefaultRequestConfig(requestConfig)
   .build();

5.Cookie 持久化

// Create a local instance of cookie store
CookieStore cookieStore = new BasicCookieStore();
// Populate cookies if needed
BasicClientCookie cookie = new BasicClientCookie("name", "value");
cookie.setDomain(".mycompany.com");
cookie.setPath("/");
cookieStore.addCookie(cookie);
// Set the store
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.custom().setDefaultCookieStore(cookieStore)
   .build();

6.HTTP状态管理和执行上下文

CloseableHttpClient httpclient = <...>

Lookup<CookieSpecProvider> cookieSpecReg = <...>
CookieStore cookieStore = <...>

HttpClientContext context = HttpClientContext.create();
context.setCookieSpecRegistry(cookieSpecReg);
context.setCookieStore(cookieStore);
HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet("http://somehost/");
CloseableHttpResponse response1 = httpclient.execute(httpget, context);
<...>
// Cookie origin details
CookieOrigin cookieOrigin = context.getCookieOrigin();
// Cookie spec used
CookieSpec cookieSpec = context.getCookieSpec();

最后

以上就是现代路人为你收集整理的【HttpClient4.5中文教程】十一. 状态管理（Cookie相关）1.HTTP cookie2.cookie详解3.选择cookie策略4.自定义cookie策略5.Cookie 持久化6.HTTP状态管理和执行上下文的全部内容，希望文章能够帮你解决【HttpClient4.5中文教程】十一. 状态管理（Cookie相关）1.HTTP cookie2.cookie详解3.选择cookie策略4.自定义cookie策略5.Cookie 持久化6.HTTP状态管理和执行上下文所遇到的程序开发问题。

如果觉得靠谱客网站的内容还不错，欢迎将靠谱客网站推荐给程序员好友。