我是靠谱客的博主 缓慢魔镜,最近开发中收集的这篇文章主要介绍Android之MediaPlayerService服务详解Android开发之MediaPlayerService服务详解(一),觉得挺不错的,现在分享给大家,希望可以做个参考。

概述

原文:

Android开发之MediaPlayerService服务详解(一)


链接:http://www.cnblogs.com/pangblog/p/3243947.html

前面一节我们分析了Binder通信相关的两个重要类:ProcessState 和 IPCThreadState。ProcessState负责打开Binder
驱动,每个进程只有一个。而 IPCThreadState负责提供与Binder通信相关的接口,每个线程有一个。下面我们通过具体
示例MediaPlayerService来分析我们应用程序中怎么通过Binder通信的。


frameworks/base/media/mediaserver/main_mediaserver.cpp

int main(int argc, char*argv[])
{
	sp<ProcessState> proc(ProcessState)::self();	// 获得ProcessState在构造函数中打开binder驱动
	sp<IServiceManager> sm = defaultServiceManager();
	MediaPlayService::instantiate();
	ProcessState::self()->startThreadPool();
	IPCThreadState::self()->joinThreadPool();
}

1)获得ServiceManager的代理BpServiceManager

sp<IServiceManager> sm = defaultServiceManager();
sp<IServiceManager> defaultServiceManager()
{
	if(gDefaultServiceManager != NULL) return gDefaultServiceManager;
	{
		AutoMutex -l(gDefaultServiceManagerLock);
		if(gDefaultServiceManager == NULL)
			gDefaultServiceManager = interface_cast<IServiceManager>(
				ProcessState::self()->getContextObject(NULL));
	}
	return gDefaultServiceManager;
}

这里又是一个单例模式,每个进程只需要一个BpServiceManager代理,通过interface_cast获得。
首先看看ProcessState::self()->getContextObject(NULL)

sp<IBinder> ProcessState::getContextObject(const sp<IBinder>& caller)
{
	return getStrongProxyForHandle(0);
}

sp<IBinder> ProcessState::getStrongProxyForHandle(int32_t handle)	
{
	sp<IBinder> result;
	AutoMutex _l(mLock);
	handle_entry *e = lookupHandleLocked(handle);
	if( e != NULL) {
		IBinder* b = e->binder;
		if(b == NULL || !e->refs->attemptIncWeak(this)) {
			b = new BpBinder(handle);
			e->binder = b;
			if(b) e->refs = b->getWeakRefs();
			result = b;
		}else{
			result.force_set(b);
			e->refs->decWeak(this);
		}
	}
	return result;
}
struct handle_entry{
	IBinder* binder;
	RefBase::weakref_type* refs;
}

ProcessState::handle_entry* ProcessState::lookupHandleLocked()从数组mHandleToObject里面根据handle索引,查找
一个handle_entry结构体。然后根据传入的句柄handle这里为0,表示ServiceManager,new一个BpBinder
所以现在相当于:
gDefaultServiceManager = interface_cast<IServiceManager>(new BpBinder(0));

现在我们看看interface_cast是什么?

frameworks/base/include/binder/IInterface.h
template<typename INTERFACE>
inline sp<INTERFACE> interface_cast(const sp<IBinder>& obj)
{
	return INTERFACE::asInterface(obj);
}
等价于:
inline sp<IServiceManager> interface_cast(const sp<IBinder>& obj)
{
	return IServiceManager::asInterface(obj);
}
继续我们跟到IServiceManager里面去:
frameworks/base/include/binder/IServiceManager.h
class IServiceManager:public IInterface
{
public:
	DECLARE_META_INTERFACE(ServiceManager);// MLGB的又是宏!!!
	virtual status_t addService(const String16& name, const sp<IBinder>& service) = 0;
	virtual sp<IBinder> getService(const String16& name) const = 0;
}
#define DECLARE_META_INTERFACE(INTERFACE)				
	static const android::String16 descriptor;			
	static android::sp<I##INTERFACE> asInterface(			
			const android::sp<android::IBinder>& obj);	
	virtual const android::String16& getInterfaceDescriptor() const;
	I##INTERFACE();							
	virtual !I##INTERFACE();
替换之后就是:
	static const android::String16 descriptor;			
	static android::sp<IServiceManager> asInterface(			
			const android::sp<android::IBinder>& obj);	
	virtual const android::String16& getInterfaceDescriptor() const;
	IServiceManager();							
	virtual !IServiceManager();
都是一些函数声明,既然有声明的地方,肯定有实现的地方了。
#define IMPLEMENT_META_INTERFACE(INTERFACE, NAME)                       
    const android::String16 I##INTERFACE::descriptor(NAME);             
    const android::String16&                                            
            I##INTERFACE::getInterfaceDescriptor() const {              
        return I##INTERFACE::descriptor;                                
    }                                                                   
    android::sp<I##INTERFACE> I##INTERFACE::asInterface(                
            const android::sp<android::IBinder>& obj)                   
    {                                                                   
        android::sp<I##INTERFACE> intr;                                 
        if (obj != NULL) {                                              
            intr = static_cast<I##INTERFACE*>(                          
                obj->queryLocalInterface(                               
                        I##INTERFACE::descriptor).get());               
            if (intr == NULL) {                                         
                intr = new Bp##INTERFACE(obj);                          
            }                                                           
        }                                                               
        return intr;                                                    
    }                                                                   
    I##INTERFACE::I##INTERFACE() { }                                    
    I##INTERFACE::~I##INTERFACE() { }                                   
继续替换:
{
    const android::String16 IServiceManager::descriptor(NAME);             
    const android::String16&                                            
           IServiceManager::getInterfaceDescriptor() const {              
        return IServiceManager::descriptor;                                
    }                                                                   
    android::sp<IServiceManager> IServiceManager::asInterface(                
            const android::sp<android::IBinder>& obj)   // 参数为new BpBinder(0)                
    {                                                                   
        android::sp<IServiceManager> intr;                                 
        if (obj != NULL) {                                              
            intr = static_cast<IServiceManager*>(                          
                obj->queryLocalInterface(                               
                        IServiceManager::descriptor).get());               
            if (intr == NULL) {                                         
                intr = new BpServiceManager(obj);     // 原来在这里new 了一个BpServiceManager对象                     
            }                                                           
        }                                                               
        return intr;                                                    
    }                                                                   
    IServiceManager::IServiceManager() { }                                    
    IServiceManager::~IServiceManager() { }                                   
}

总结:根据句柄handle 0 创建一个new BpBinder(0),根据这个BpBinder创建了一个BpServiceManager代理。

下面来看看BpServiceManager代理:

class BpServiceManager : public BpInterface<IServiceManager>
{
public:
	BpServiceManager(const sp<IBinder>& impl) : BpInterface<IServiceManager>(iml)
	{}
} 

这里BpInterface是一个模板类,表示这里BpServiceManager同时继承与BpInterface和IServiceManager类

template<typename INTERFACE>
class BpInterface : public INTERFACE, public BpRefBase
{
public: BpInterface(const sp<IBinder>& remote);
...
}
调用了基类BpInterface构造函数:
BpInterface<IServiceManager>::BpInterace(const sp<IBinder>& remote) : BpRefBase(remote)
{}
//这里的remote就是刚刚的new BpBinder(0)
BpRefBase::BpRefBase(const sp<IBinder>& o) : mRemote(o.get()),mRefs(NULL), mState(0)
{
}

 

2)添加服务 MediaPlayerService::instantiate();

frameworks/base/media/libmediaplayerservice/ibMediaPlayerService.cpp
void MediaPlayerService::instantiate()
{
	defaultServiceManager()->addService(String16("media.player"), new MediaPlayerService);
}

defaultServiceManager()返回的是刚创建的BpServiceManager,调用add函数。
BpMediaPlayService作为服务代理端,那么BnMediaPlayerService一定是实现端,MediaPlayerService继承于
BnMediaPlayerService,实现了真正的业务函数。

来看看BpServiceManager的addService()函数:

virtual status_t addService(const String16& name, const sp<IBinder>& service)
{
	Parcel data, reply;
	data.writeInterfaceToken(IServiceManager.getInterfaceDescriptor());	// android.os.IServiceManager
	data.writeString16(name);	// media.player
	data.writeStrongBinder(service);	// 也就是MediaPlayerService
	status_t err = remote()->transact(ADD_SERVICE_TRANSACTION, data, &reply);
	return err == NO_ERROR ? reply.readInt32() : err;
}

这里remote()就是前面创建的BpBinder(0)对象。

status_t BpBinder::transact(uint32_t code, const Parcel& data, Parcel* reply, uint32_t flags)
{
	IPCThreadState::self()->transact(mHandle, code, data, reply, flags);
}
status_t IPCThreadState::transact(int32_t handle, uint32_t code, const Parcel& data, Parcel* reply, uint32_t flags)
{
	// 发送ADD_SERVICE_TRANSACTION请求
	writeTransactionData(BC_TRANSACTION, flags, handle, code, data, NULL);
	if(reply)	// 等待响应
		waitForResponse(NULL, reply);
}

status_t IPCThreadState::writeTransactionData(int32_t cmd, uint32_t binderFlags, int32_t handle, 
		uint32_t code, const Parcel& data, status_t *statusBuffer)
{
	// cmd	BC_TRANSACTION	应用程序向BINDER发送的命令
	binder_transaction_data tr;
	tr.target.handle = handle;	// 0
	tr.code = code;			// ADD_SERVICE_TRANSACTION
	tr.flags = binderFlags;
	// 把命令和数据一起发送到 Parcel mOut中
	mOut.writeInt32(cmd);
	mOut.write(&tr, sizeof(tr));
}
status_t IPCThreadState::waitForResponse(Parcel* reply, status_t *acquireResult)
{
	int32_t cmd;
	
	while(1) 
		talkWithDriver();
		cmd = mIn.readInt32();
		switch(cmd) {
			case BR_TRANSACTION_COMPLETE:
				...
				break;
		}
	{
	return err;
}
status_t IPCThreadState::talkWithDriver(bool doReceive)
{
	binder_write_read bwr;
	
	bwr.write_size = outAvail;
	bwr.write_buf = (long unsigned int)mOut.data();	// 写入mOut的数据
	bwr.read_size = mIn.dataCapacity;
	bwr.read_buffer = (long unsigned int)mIn.data();
	ioctl(mProcess->mDriverFD, BINDER_WRITE_READm &bwr);	// 把mOut写到Binder,并读取mIn数据
}


 

3)IPCThreadState::joinThreadPool(), ProcessState::self()->startThreadPool()
进入线程循环talkWithDriver 等待客户端Client请求,从Binder读取命令请求进行处理。

 

到现在为止MediaPlayerService的服务端已经向服务总管ServiceManager注册了,下面我们看看客户端是如何获得服务的代理并和服务端通信的。
我们以MediaPlayer的业务函数decode解析播放一个URL为例

sp<IMemory> MediaPlayer::decode(const char*url, uint32_t *pSampleRate, ...)
{
	sp<IMemory> p;
	const sp<IMediaPlayerService>& service = getMediaPlayerService();	// 获得BpMediaPlayerSerivce代理
	if(service != 0)
		p = service->decode(url, ....);
	return p;
}

这里我们主要分析getMediaPlayerService,客户端是如何向ServiceManager总管查询服务并获得代理的。

sp<IMediaPlayerService>& IMediaDeathNotifier::getMediaPlayerService()
{
	sp<IServiceManager> sm = defaultServiceManager(); // 生成一个BpServiceManager代理对象
	sp<IBinder> binder;
	do {
		binder = sm->getService(String16("media.player"));
		if(binder != 0)
			break;
		usleep(500000)
	} while(true);
	sMediaPlayerService = interface_cast<IMediaPlayerService>(binder);
	return sMediaPlayerService;
}

 

1)首先获得BpServiceManager的代理,然后调用getService()函数向服务总管ServiceManager查询服务。
frameworks/base/libs/binder/IServiceManager.cpp

class BpServiceManager : public BpInterface<IServiceManager>
{
public:
	virtual sp<IBinder> getService(const String16& name) const
	{
		for(n = 0; n < 5; n++) {
			sp<IBinder> svc = checkService(name);	// 调用checkService函数
			if(svc != NULL) return svc;
			sleep(1);
		}
		return NULL;
	}
	virtual sp<IBinder> checkService(const String16& name) const 
	{
		Parcel data, reply;
		data.writeInterfaceToken(IServiceManager::getInterfaceDescriptor());
		// 首先调用data.writeInt32(IPCThreadState::self()->getStrictModePolicy())
		// 然后再写入android.os.IServiceManager
		data.writeString16(name);	// 写入 media.player
		remote()->transact(CHECK_SERVICE_TRANSACTION, data, &reply);
		return reply.readStrongBinder();
	}
}

这里首先将请求打包成Parcel各式,然后调用remote()->transact()函数,前面我们分析过BpServiceManager::remote()返回
的就是前面new BpBinder(0)对应句柄为ServiceManager。继续去BpBinder中寻找实现代码:
frameworks/base/libs/binder/BpBinder.cpp

status_t BpBinder::transact(uint32_t code, const Parcel& data, Parcel* reply, uint32_t flags)
{
	IPCThreadState::self()->transact(mHandle, code, data, reply, flags);
}

最后调用的IPCThreadState的transact()函数,IPCThreadState是专门提供通过Binder进程间通信的接口的。

status_t IPCTheadState::transact(int32_t handle, uint32_t code, const Parcel& data, Parcel* reply, uint32_t flags)
{
	// 填充binder_transaction_data 结构体,写入到mOut中去
	writeTransactionData(BC_TRANSACTION, flags, handle, code, data, NULL);
	
	// 调用talkWithDriver() 将mOut写到Binder驱动,并从Binder驱动读取mIn数据
	waitForResponse(reply);
}

首先通过writeTransactionData函数来填充mOut结构体,mOut里面内容为:
 mOut.writeInt32(BC_TRANSACTION);
 mOut.write(&tr, sizeof(tr));
这里binder_transaction_data tr内容为:
 tr.target.handle = 0; // 表面是发往ServiceManager的
 tr.code = CHECK_SERVICE_TRANSACTION;
 tr.flags = 0;
tr.data内容为:
 data.writeInt32(IPCThreadState::self()->getStrictModePolicy() | STRICT_MODE_PENALTY_GATHER);
 data.writeString16("android.os.IServiceManager");
 data.writeString16("media.player");
根据前面Android开发之ServiceManager一章中我们分析,svcmgr_handler处理从句柄为0的Binder的请求:
strict_policy = bio_get_string32();
s = bio_get_string16(); // 就是上面的android.os.IServiceManager
s = bio_get_string16(); // 就是上面的 media.player
根据media.player遍历全局链表svclist找到相应的服务,调用bio_put_ref(reply, ptr) 返回目标Binder实体。


这个waitForResponse()函数是关键:

status_t IPCThreadState::waitForResponse(Parcel* reply)
{
	while(1) {
		talkWithDriver();	// 输入mOut 输出mIn
		cmd = mIn.readInt32();
		switch(cmd) {
		case BR_REPLY:	
		{
			binder_transaction_data tr;
			mIn.read(&tr, sizeof(tr));
			if(reply) {
			reply->ipcSetDataReference(reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(tr.data.ptr.buffer),
			tr.data.size, reinterpret_cast<const size_t*>(tr.data.ptr.offsets), 
			tr.offsets_size/sizeof(sizt_t), freeBuffer, this);
			} else {
			err = *static_cast<const status_t*>(tr.data.ptr.buffer);
			freeBuffer(NULL, reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(tr.data.ptr.buffer),
			tr.data.size, reinterpret_cast<const size_t*>(tr.data.ptr.offsets), 
			tr.offsets_size/sizeof(sizt_t), freeBuffer, this)
			}
		}
		}
	}
}
最后返回的是:return reply.readStrongBinder();进入到Parcel的readStrongBinder()函数
sp<IBinder> Parcel::readStrongBinder() const
{
	sp<IBinder> val;
	unflatten_binder(ProcessState::self(), *this, &val);
	return val;
}
status_t unflatten_binder(const sp<ProcessState>& proc, const Parcel& in, sp<IBinder>* out)
{
	const flat_binder_object* flat = in.readObject(false);
	if(flat) {
		switch(flat->type) {
			case BINDER_TYPE_BINDER:
				*out = static_cast<IBinder*>(flat->cookie);
				return finish_unflatten_binder(NULL, *flat, in);
			case BINDER_TYPE_HANDLE:
				*out = proc->getStrongProxyForHandle(flat->handle);
				return finish_unflatten_binder(static_cast<BpBinder*>(out->get()), *flat, in);
		}
	}
}

这里flat->type是BINDER_TYPE_HANDLE,所以调用ProcessState::getStrongProxyForHandle()函数

sp<IBinder> ProcessState::getStrongProxyForHandle(int32_t handle)
{
	sp<IBinder> result;
	
	handle_entry* e = lookupHandleLocked(handle);
	if(e != NULL) {
		IBinder* b = e->binder;
		if(b == NULL || !e->refs->attemptIncWeak(this)) {
			b = new BpBinder(handle);
			e->binder = b;
			if( b ) e->refs = e->getWeakRefs();
			result = b;
		} else {
			result.force_set(b);
			e->refs->decWeak(this);
		}
	}
	return result;
}

这里的handle就是ServiceManager内维护的MediaPlayerService对应的Binder句柄,这个ProcessState根据这个句柄
new 了一个BpBinder,并将其保存起来,这样下次需要从ServiceManager请求获取到相同句柄的时候就可以直接返回了。
最后根据这个返回的BpBinder获得MediaPlayerService的代理:
sMediaPlayerService = interface_cast<IMediaPlayerService>(binder);
根据前面ServiceManager一样,最后调用的是IMediaPlayerService的asInterface()宏函数

android::sp<IMediaPlayerService> IMediaPlayerService::asInterface(const android::sp<android::IBinder>& obj)
{
	android::sp<IMediaPlayerService> intr;
	if(obj != NULL ) {
		intr = static_cast<IMediaPlayerService>(
			obj->queryLocalInterface(IMediaPlayerService::descriptor).get);
			if (intr == NULL) {
				intr = new BpMediaPlayerService(obj);
			}
	}
	return intr;
}

 

这样我就获得了一个代理BpMediaPlayerService对象,它的remote()为BpBinder(handle),这个handle就是向服务总共ServiceManager
查询到的MediaPlayerService对应的Binder句柄。

   下一章我们分析,客户端如何通过这个BpServiceManager代理对象调用服务端MediaPlayerService的业务函数的?



原文二:Android的MediaPlayer分析

链接:http://www.byywee.com/page/M0/S846/846697.html

前段时候接到任务,商量一下MediaPlayer在Android体系中是如何实现的。到如今为止终于有些端倪了,在查询拜访代码时辰固然有些吃力,然则还算是有所得的。今天把本身对MediaPlayer的粗浅懂得拿出来,一来作为笔记备份;一来和大师分享。以下代码都是以Android4.2代码为根蒂根基的,迎接大师斧正,共同窗习。

  为了有一个完全的浏览代码的脉络和思路,我是以一个很是简单的Java应用法度开端。法度很是简单,代码如下:



1 MediaPlayer mediaPlayer = new MediaPlayer();

2 mediaPlayer.setDataSource("/sdcard/test.mp3");

3 mediaPlayer.prepare();

4 mediaPlayer.start();

5 mediaPlayer.stop();


 创建MediaPlayer对象


从第一行代码开端看:


MediaPlayer mediaPlayer = new MediaPlayer();
这行代码是在Java应用法度中,功能是新建一个对象。既然如此,我们就看看MediaPlayer这个类在Java层的机关函数,如下:


[/frameworks/base/media/java/android/media/MediaPlayer.java]



 1     public MediaPlayer() {

 2 

 3         Looper looper;

 4         if ((looper = Looper.myLooper()) != null) {

 5             mEventHandler = new EventHandler(this, looper);

 6         } else if ((looper = Looper.getMainLooper()) != null) {

 7             mEventHandler = new EventHandler(this, looper);

 8         } else {

 9             mEventHandler = null;

10         }

11 

12         /* Native setup requires a weak reference to our object.

13          * It""s easier to create it here than in C++.

14          */

15         native_setup(new WeakReference<MediaPlayer>(this));

16     }


在这个机关函数中,较为首要的就是native_setup(). 这个函数在之前的声明中包含native,申明这是一个native函数。也就是说native_setup()函数其实native层实现的。接下来我们要做的就是按照JNI找到这个函数是如何实现的。native函数实现地点的文件的文件名都是如下定名的,把包名中的"."调换为"_"+类名。所以我们要找文件就是android_media_MediaPlayer.cpp.在这个文件中我们有个首要的数组,如下:


【/frameworks/base/media/jni/android_media_MediaPlayer.cpp】



 1 static JNINativeMethod gMethods[] = {

 2     {

 3         "_setDataSource" 4         "(Ljava/lang/String;[Ljava/lang/String;[Ljava/lang/String;)V" 5void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_setDataSourceAndHeaders

 6     },

 7 

 8     {"setDataSource",       "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;JJ)V",    (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_setDataSourceFD},

 9     {"_setVideoSurface",    "(Landroid/view/Surface;)V",        (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_setVideoSurface},

10     {"prepare",             "()V",                              (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_prepare},

11     {"prepareAsync",        "()V",                              (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_prepareAsync},

12     {"_start",              "()V",                              (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_start},

13     {"_stop",               "()V",                              (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_stop},

14     {"getVideoWidth",       "()I",                              (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_getVideoWidth},

15     {"getVideoHeight",      "()I",                              (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_getVideoHeight},

16     {"seekTo",              "(I)V",                             (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_seekTo},

17     {"_pause",              "()V",                              (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_pause},

18     {"isPlaying",           "()Z",                              (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_isPlaying},

19     {"getCurrentPosition",  "()I",                              (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_getCurrentPosition},

20     {"getDuration",         "()I",                              (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_getDuration},

21     {"_release",            "()V",                              (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_release},

22     {"_reset",              "()V",                              (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_reset},

23     {"setAudioStreamType",  "(I)V",                             (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_setAudioStreamType},

24     {"setLooping",          "(Z)V",                             (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_setLooping},

25     {"isLooping",           "()Z",                              (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_isLooping},

26     {"setVolume",           "(FF)V",                            (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_setVolume},

27     {"getFrameAt",          "(I)Landroid/graphics/Bitmap;",     (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_getFrameAt},

28     {"native_invoke",       "(Landroid/os/Parcel;Landroid/os/Parcel;)I",(void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_invoke},

29     {"native_setMetadataFilter", "(Landroid/os/Parcel;)I",      (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_setMetadataFilter},

30     {"native_getMetadata", "(ZZLandroid/os/Parcel;)Z",          (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_getMetadata},

31     {"native_init",         "()V",                              (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_native_init},

32     {"native_setup",        "(Ljava/lang/Object;)V",            (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_native_setup},

33     {"native_finalize",     "()V",                              (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_native_finalize},

34     {"getAudioSessionId",   "()I",                              (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_get_audio_session_id},

35     {"setAudioSessionId",   "(I)V",                             (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_set_audio_session_id},

36     {"setAuxEffectSendLevel", "(F)V",                           (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_setAuxEffectSendLevel},

37     {"attachAuxEffect",     "(I)V",                             (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_attachAuxEffect},

38     {"native_pullBatteryData", "(Landroid/os/Parcel;)I",        (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_pullBatteryData},

39     {"setParameter",        "(ILandroid/os/Parcel;)Z",          (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_setParameter},

40     {"getParameter",        "(ILandroid/os/Parcel;)V",          (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_getParameter},

41     {"native_setRetransmitEndpoint", "(Ljava/lang/String;I)I",  (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_setRetransmitEndpoint},

42     {"setNextMediaPlayer",  "(Landroid/media/MediaPlayer;)V",   (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_setNextMediaPlayer},

43 };


在这个数组中,第一列默示的是Java层中函数名,第二列是Java层函数对应的参数以及返回值类型,第三列就是对应在Native层的函数名。从这个数组中,我们可以找到native_setup(),对应的函数名是android_media_MediaPlayer_native_setup,接下来我们就看看这个函数的实现:


【/frameworks/base/media/jni/android_media_MediaPlayer.cpp】



 1 static void

 2 android_media_MediaPlayer_native_setup(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz, jobject weak_this)

 3 {

 4     ALOGV("native_setup");

 5     sp<MediaPlayer> mp = new MediaPlayer();

 6     if (mp == NULL) {

 7         jniThrowException(env, "java/lang/RuntimeException", "Out of memory");

 8         return;

 9     }

10 

11     // create new listener and give it to MediaPlayer

12     sp<JNIMediaPlayerListener> listener = new JNIMediaPlayerListener(env, thiz, weak_this);

13     mp->setListener(listener);

14 

15     // Stow our new C++ MediaPlayer in an opaque field in the Java object.

16     setMediaPlayer(env, thiz, mp);

17 }


 在本文中,对于解析MediaPlayer流程较为首要的函数,我都邑用红色字体标识出来。这不是说没有标红的就不首要,在法度里没有无用的代码,只是对于我们此次的流程解析不太首要罢了。先看第5行 



sp<MediaPlayer> mp = new MediaPlayer();


这行代码的功能就是创建一个MediaPlayer类的对象,不过这个对象是Native层的对象,也就是说这个Native层的MediaPlayer类是应用C++代码实现的。我们先往下看下面一句较为首要的代码,然后在后头解析Native层MediaPlayer对象的机关函数。



16     setMediaPlayer(env, thiz, mp);


这行代码的功能就是把我们新创建的Native层的MediaPlayer对象保存到Java层。也就是说将来我们经由过程getMediaplayer()的时辰获取到的就是这个对象。接下来,我就开端解析Native层的MediaPlayer的机关函数,代码如下:



 1 MediaPlayer::MediaPlayer()

 2 {

 3     ALOGV("constructor");

 4     mListener = NULL;

 5     mCookie = NULL;

 6     mStreamType = AUDIO_STREAM_MUSIC;

 7     mCurrentPosition = -1;

 8     mSeekPosition = -1;

 9     mCurrentState = MEDIA_PLAYER_IDLE;

10     mPrepareSync = false;

11     mPrepareStatus = NO_ERROR;

12     mLoop = false;

13     mLeftVolume = mRightVolume = 1.0;

14     mVideoWidth = mVideoHeight = 0;

15     mLockThreadId = 0;

16     mAudioSessionId = AudioSystem::newAudioSessionId();

17     AudioSystem::acquireAudioSessionId(mAudioSessionId);

18     mSendLevel = 0;

19     mRetransmitEndpointValid = false;

20 }


在机关Native层的MediaPlayer对象的时辰,也会机关父类的对象。只不过在这些对象机关过程中,对于我们解析MediaPlayer流程并没有希罕首要的器材。然则我们要懂得的一点就是在MediaPlayer的父类IMediaDeathNotifier中有个很首要的办法getMediaPlayerService(),对于这个办法我们在之后的解析过程中还会用到,到时辰在具体介绍。


到这里为止,这一末节根蒂根基停止。总结一下,在MediaPlayer的初始化过程中,就是创建了MediaPlayer的对象。


首要的函数setDataSource()


 在写这篇blog之前,已经对MediaPlayer的流程有了可能的懂得。如今回头再看,发明这个函数真的很是首要。在这个函数中,MediaPlayer和MediaPlayerService建树了接洽,MediaPlayerService和Stagefright或者OpenCore也建树了接洽。 我们持续RFCD,在Java层,我们应用的办法如下: 



mediaPlayer.setDataSource("/sdcard/test.mp3");


在Java层这个函数代码如下:


【/frameworks/base/media/java/android/media/MediaPlayer.java】



 1     public void setDataSource(String path)

 2             throws IOException, IllegalArgumentException, SecurityException, IllegalStateException {

 3         setDataSource(path, nullnull);

 4     }

 5 调用setDataSource()的重载办法,之后的重载调用过程我们就略过,终极会调用到如下办法:

 6     public void setDataSource(FileDescriptor fd)

 7             throws IOException, IllegalArgumentException, IllegalStateException {

 8         // intentionally less than LONG_MAX

 9         setDataSource(fd, 0, 0 x7ffffffffffffffL);

10     }

11     public native void setDataSource(FileDescriptor fd, long offset, long length)

12             throws IOException, IllegalArgumentException, IllegalStateException;


 所以这个函数终极还是调用到类Native层。在之后的过程中,我们都邑跳过对于JNI层的寻找过程,直接进入Native层的MediaPlayer对象寻找响应的办法。在Native层中setDataSource()对应的代码如下:


【/frameworks/av/media/libmedia/mediaplayer.cpp】



 1 status_t MediaPlayer::setDataSource(int fd, int64_t offset, int64_t length)

 2 {

 3     ALOGV("setDataSource(%d, %lld, %lld)", fd, offset, length);

 4     status_t err = UNKNOWN_ERROR;

 5     const sp<IMediaPlayerService>& service(getMediaPlayerService());

 6     if (service != 0) {

 7         sp<IMediaPlayer> player(service->create(getpid(), this, mAudioSessionId));

 8         if ((NO_ERROR != doSetRetransmitEndpoint(player)) ||

 9             (NO_ERROR != player->setDataSource(fd, offset, length))) {

10             player.clear();

11         }

12         err = attachNewPlayer(player);

13     }

14     return err;

15 }


 上方这段代码重点处所有三个,都已经标示出来。先看第一个,getMediaPlayerService(),这个函数从其名字上看是获取MediaPlayerService。是以


 5     const sp<IMediaPlayerService>& service(getMediaPlayerService());

的功能就是获取MediaPlayerService并且把返回值赋值给service。关于getMediaPlayerService函数,我们在前面说过一次,这个办法是MediaPlayer的父类IMediaDeathNotifier的一个办法,关系到MediaPlayer和MediaPlayerService之间的通信。下面我们就看看这个办法的代码:
[/frameworks/av/media/libmedia/IMediaDeathNotifier.cpp]


 1 // establish binder interface to MediaPlayerService

 2 /*static*/const sp<IMediaPlayerService>&

 3 IMediaDeathNotifier::getMediaPlayerService()

 4 {

 5     ALOGV("getMediaPlayerService");

 6     Mutex::Autolock _l(sServiceLock);

 7     if (sMediaPlayerService == 0) {

 8         sp<IServiceManager> sm = defaultServiceManager();

 9         sp<IBinder> binder;

10         do {

11             binder = sm->getService(String16("media.player"));

12             if (binder != 0) {

13                 break;

14             }

15             ALOGW("Media player service not published, waiting...");

16             usleep(500000); // 0.5 s

17         } whiletrue);

18 

19         if (sDeathNotifier == NULL) {

20         sDeathNotifier = new DeathNotifier();

21     }

22     binder->linkToDeath(sDeathNotifier);

23     sMediaPlayerService = interface_cast<IMediaPlayerService>(binder);

24     }

25     ALOGE_IF(sMediaPlayerService == 0, "no media player service!?");

26     return sMediaPlayerService;

27 }


在getMediaPlayerService()函数中,重点内容有三处,不过都是为了最后获取MediaPlayerService办事的。第8行是获取ServiceManager;第11行是从ServiceManager中获取到我们所须要的一个对象,这个对象是BpBinder类型,为我们最后取得MediaPlayerService作筹办。第23行是获取MediaPlayerService,不过终极获得这个对象是BpMediaPlayerService类型。我们获取到得这个BpMediaPlayerService,这个对象的所有操纵终极都邑由真正的MediaPlayerService对象来完成,是以完全可以看做是MediaPlayerService。这个过程和Binder通信相干,不是我们此次商量的重点,这里不再赘述。


  到这里,我们解析完成了getMediaPlayerService办法,获得了返回值,并把它赋值给了service。接下来我们就要看看MediaPlayer应用这个service都做了些什么工作。从代码中看,统共有两件工作,分别是:


    1)按照过程ID,对象本身,AudioSessionId这三个参数,在server端创建了一个Player对象并返回给MediaPlayer端的player。这个Player也是具有过程间通信才能的。



 7         sp<IMediaPlayer> player(service->create(getpid(), this, mAudioSessionId));


    2)为server端的Player设置播放资料



player->setDataSource(fd, offset, length)


我们开端看看第一件工作时如何完成的,以及在Server段创建player的时辰都做了那些工作。这个Create操纵终极会在Server端履行,所以我们就去MediaPlayerService段在这个过程中都做了些什么,代码如下:


[/frameworks/av/media/libmediaplayerservice/MediaPlayerService.cpp]



 1 sp<IMediaPlayer> MediaPlayerService::create(pid_t pid, const sp<IMediaPlayerClient>& client,

 2         int audioSessionId)

 3 {

 4     int32_t connId = android_atomic_inc(&mNextConnId);

 5 

 6     sp<Client> c = new Client(

 7             this, pid, connId, client, audioSessionId,

 8             IPCThreadState::self()->getCallingUid());

 9 

10     ALOGV("Create new client(%d)  pid %d, uid %d, ", connId, pid,

11          IPCThreadState::self()->getCallingUid());

12 

13     wp<Client> w = c;

14     {

15         Mutex::Autolock lock(mLock);

16         mClients.add(w);

17     }

18     return c;

19 }


从代码中,我们可以看出,在Server端,我们新建的对象是Client,是MediaPlayerService的内部类。然则这个Client履行了MediaPlayerService的绝大项目组操纵。同样我们将来传输过来的数据也都是会交给内部类Client进行处理惩罚的。到这里,在Server端的对象就创建完成了。


接下来就是要做第二件工作了,就是在MediaPlayer中调用player->setDataSource();,这件事还是要在Server完成的,代码如下:


[/frameworks/av/media/libmediaplayerservice/MediaPlayerService.cpp]



 1 status_t MediaPlayerService::Client::setDataSource(int fd, int64_t offset, int64_t length)

 2 {

 3     ALOGV("setDataSource fd=%d, offset=%lld, length=%lld", fd, offset, length);

 4     struct stat sb;

 5     int ret = fstat(fd, &sb);

 6     if (ret != 0) {

 7         ALOGE("fstat(%d) failed: %d, %s", fd, ret, strerror(errno));

 8         return UNKNOWN_ERROR;

 9     }

10 

11     ALOGV("st_dev  = %llu", sb.st_dev);

12     ALOGV("st_mode = %u", sb.st_mode);

13     ALOGV("st_uid  = %lu", sb.st_uid);

14     ALOGV("st_gid  = %lu", sb.st_gid);

15     ALOGV("st_size = %llu", sb.st_size);

16 

17     if (offset >= sb.st_size) {

18         ALOGE("offset error");

19         ::close(fd);

20         return UNKNOWN_ERROR;

21     }

22     if (offset + length > sb.st_size) {

23         length = sb.st_size - offset;

24         ALOGV("calculated length = %lld", length);

25     }

26 

27     player_type playerType = MediaPlayerFactory::getPlayerType(this,

28                                                                fd,

29                                                                offset,

30                                                                length);

31     sp<MediaPlayerBase> p = setDataSource_pre(playerType);

32     if (p == NULL) {

33         return NO_INIT;

34     }

35 

36     // now set data source

37     setDataSource_post(p, p->setDataSource(fd, offset, length));

38     return mStatus;

39 }


 上方这段代码感化就是获取一个PlayerType,然后一这个PlayerType作为参数传递到setDataSource _pre(),在这个办法中按照playerType做一些工作。关于PlayerType是如何获取的,以及我们传入的文件test.mp3,对应什么类型的playerType,我就不再介绍了。之所以不介绍是因为牵扯到资料的一些特有的参数和属性断定的,我不太懂得。不过我们可以从代码中找到在Android中一共又几种如许的Type,如下:


/frameworks/av/include/media/MediaPlayerInterface.h



 1 enum player_type {

 2     PV_PLAYER = 1 3     SONIVOX_PLAYER = 2 4     STAGEFRIGHT_PLAYER = 3 5     NU_PLAYER = 4 6     // Test players are available only in the ""test"" and ""eng"" builds.

 7     // The shared library with the test player is passed passed as an

 8     // argument to the ""test:"" url in the setDataSource call.

 9     TEST_PLAYER = 510 };


一种有五种type,然则PV_PLAYER如同是从Android2.3之后就作废了,因为PVPlayer是和Opencore相干的,自从OpenCore从Android2.3中移出之后,这个type对应的Player就没有了。所以在Android4.2中只剩下


四种type了。这些type和他们对应的player都邑以键值对的情势放入一个数据布局中,以备后用。在后面我们在应用这些type的时辰,就会发明这些键值对是存放在sFactoryMap中的,而sFactoryMap 是tFactoryMap型的,


也就是就是KeyVector。貌似KeyVector是android定义的数据布局吧,类似Hashmap。而把这些type和player键值对添参加sFactorymap中过程如下:


[/frameworks/av/media/libmediaplayerservice/MediaPlayerFactory.cpp]



 1 void MediaPlayerFactory::registerBuiltinFactories() {

 2     Mutex::Autolock lock_(&sLock);

 3 

 4     if (sInitComplete)

 5         return;

 6 

 7     registerFactory_l(new StagefrightPlayerFactory(), STAGEFRIGHT_PLAYER);

 8     registerFactory_l(new NuPlayerFactory(), NU_PLAYER);

 9     registerFactory_l(new SonivoxPlayerFactory(), SONIVOX_PLAYER);

10     registerFactory_l(new TestPlayerFactory(), TEST_PLAYER);

11 

12     sInitComplete = true;

13 }


看看上方这两段代码还是有益处的,最起码让我们熟悉打听工作的来龙去脉。若是我们想要在Android中扩大,应用新的解码对象,可以直接持续MediaPlayerFactory类,然后在这里注册所须要的type就行了。


接着上方的说,假设我们mp3对应的时defaultType,也就是STAGEFRIGHT_PLAYER,那么这个数据就会作为setDataSource_pre()的参数应用。我们就看看这个函数是如何哄骗Type参数创建新的对象的,代码如下:


【/frameworks/av/media/libmediaplayerservice/MediaPlayerService.cpp】



 1 sp<MediaPlayerBase> MediaPlayerService::Client::setDataSource_pre(

 2         player_type playerType)

 3 {

 4     ALOGV("player type = %d", playerType);

 5 

 6     // create the right type of player

 7     sp<MediaPlayerBase> p = createPlayer(playerType);

 8     if (p == NULL) {

 9         return p;

10     }

11 

12     if (!p->hardwareOutput()) {

13         mAudioOutput = new AudioOutput(mAudioSessionId);

14         static_cast<MediaPlayerInterface*>(p.get())->setAudioSink(mAudioOutput);

15     }

16 

17     return p;

18 }


先申明一下,上方的红色代码都是很首要的,不过13和14行代码在setDataSource()临时还是用不上,要比及start()的时辰,和AudioFlinger建树接洽的时辰才干用到。如今先标识表记标帜下,有个印象。我们持续我们的工作,解析createPlayer()办法,代码如下:


/frameworks/av/media/libmediaplayerservice/MediaPlayerService.cpp



 1 sp<MediaPlayerBase> MediaPlayerService::Client::createPlayer(player_type playerType)

 2 {

 3     // determine if we have the right player type

 4     sp<MediaPlayerBase> p = mPlayer;

 5     if ((p != NULL) && (p->playerType() != playerType)) {

 6         ALOGV(" player");

 7         p.clear();

 8     }

 9     if (p == NULL) {

10         p = MediaPlayerFactory::createPlayer(playerType, this, notify);

11     }

12 

13     if (p != NULL) {

14         p->setUID(mUID);

15     }

16 

17     return p;

18 }


看红色代码标识的第10行代码,这里应用的设计模式中的--Factory模式,大师可以参考进修下。Android体系时一个如此重大错杂的体系,为了杰出的扩大性应用了很多设计模式。无论是进修策画机哪方面内容,Android源码都是一份不错的教材。还是持续看我们的任务,接着看代码,在MediaPlayerFactory::createPlayer()的代码如下:


[/frameworks/av/media/libmediaplayerservice/MediaPlayerFactory.cpp]



 1 sp<MediaPlayerBase> MediaPlayerFactory::createPlayer(

 2         player_type playerType,

 3         void* cookie,

 4         notify_callback_f notifyFunc) {

 5     sp<MediaPlayerBase> p;

 6     IFactory* factory;

 7     status_t init_result;

 8     Mutex::Autolock lock_(&sLock);

 9 

10     if (sFactoryMap.indexOfKey(playerType) < 0) {

11         ALOGE("Failed to create player object of type %d, no registered"

12               " factory", playerType);

13         return p;

14     }

15 

16     factory = sFactoryMap.valueFor(playerType);

17     CHECK(NULL != factory);

18     p = factory->createPlayer();

19 

20     if (p == NULL) {

21         ALOGE("Failed to create player object of type %d, create failed"22                playerType);

23         return p;

24     }

25 

26     init_result = p->initCheck();

27     if (init_result == NO_ERROR) {

28         p->setNotifyCallback(cookie, notifyFunc);

29     } else {

30         ALOGE("Failed to create player object of type %d, initCheck failed"

31               " (res = %d)", playerType, init_result);

32         p.clear();

33     }

34 

35     return p;

36 }


 
我们经由过程playerType获取到得是IFactory对象,然后应用这个对象进行createPlayer。对于这一点的懂得和Factory模式有关,若是不熟悉打听的话,抽出一点点时候看看Factory模式必然是会有益处的。按照

playerType,我们这里的factory应当是StageFrightPlayerFactory的对象,然后调用它的的createPlayer函数。createPlayer()的实现如下:
[/frameworks/av/media/libmediaplayerservice/MediaPlayerFactory.cpp]


1     virtual sp<MediaPlayerBase> createPlayer() {

2         ALOGV(" create StagefrightPlayer");

3         return new StagefrightPlayer();

4     }


从这里StageFrightPlayerFactory的createPlayer中我们获得的返回值是一个新的对象--StagefrightPlayer的实例。到这里,我们就算是进入stagefright了,我们代码查询拜访到这儿也根蒂根基将近停止了。
我们还是接着看看这个新的对象的机关办法,代码如下:
[/frameworks/av/media/libmediaplayerservice/StagefrightPlayer.cpp]


1 StagefrightPlayer::StagefrightPlayer()

2     : mPlayer(new AwesomePlayer) {

3     ALOGV("StagefrightPlayer");

4 

5     mPlayer->setListener(this);

6 }


在这个机关函数中,有个很轻易忽视的处所,就是机关函数的属性赋值的体式格式,在C++中经常应用,叫做机关函数的初始化列表。乍一看,这个机关函数什么也没有,其实重点内容就在机关函数的初始化列表中,在这里我们又
创建了一个对象AwesomPlayer. 我感觉我们进行到这儿,也可以告一段落了,因为我们已经接触到了Stagefright,再向下查询拜访代码的话就应当是零丁研究stagefright的工作了。今后,在查询拜访过stagefrigh后,我会
再补上一篇博客说说stagefright的。
  好了,骚年们,让我们像函数调用停止时一样,一步一步return吧,直到可以或许持续向下履行的处所。我们一向查询拜访到这儿,是在解析MediaPlayerService中要做的两件事中的第二件工作setDataSource()。我们方才停止
解析的处所是:sp<MediaPlayerBase> p = setDataSource_pre(playerType);让我们先总结一下我们方才都做了哪些工作,其实挺简单的就是创建了一个对象StagefrightPlayer,并把这个对象保存到p中。StagefrightPlayer
对象在创建的过程中,我们也设置了一些参数,比如p->setAudioSink(),还创建了AwesomePlayer对象,保存在StagefrightPlayer对象中的mPlayer属性中。既然setDataSource_pre()已经查询拜访停止,那么我们就要开端下一步
操纵了,就是下面已经用红色代码标示出来的项目组:
[/frameworks/av/media/libmediaplayerservice/MediaPlayerService.cpp]


 1 status_t MediaPlayerService::Client::setDataSource(int fd, int64_t offset, int64_t length)

 2 {

 3 ...

 4     player_type playerType = MediaPlayerFactory::getPlayerType(this 5                                                                fd,

 6                                                                offset,

 7                                                                length);

 8     sp<MediaPlayerBase> p = setDataSource_pre(playerType);

 9 ...

10     // now set data source

11     setDataSource_post(p, p->setDataSource(fd, offset, length));

12     return mStatus;

13 }


 


 其实函数setDataSource_post()对于我们解析MediaPlayer流程的感化不太大,可能是要设置MediaPlayer的一些功能
的属,我们此次重点存眷的是这个办法中的第二个参数。由上方的解析,我们知道p指向的对象是一个StagefrightPlayer
对象,所以p->setDataSource()的实现,我们就应当去StagefrightPlayer类中寻找。找到响应的代码如下:
[/frameworks/av/media/libmediaplayerservice/StagefrightPlayer.cpp]


1 status_t StagefrightPlayer::setDataSource(int fd, int64_t offset, int64_t length) {

2     ALOGV("setDataSource(%d, %lld, %lld)", fd, offset, length);

3     return mPlayer->setDataSource(dup(fd), offset, length);

4 }



 


本来是应用StagefrightPlayer的属性mPlayer去实现的,前面我们也说到了stagefrightPlayer.mPlayer指向的是
AwesomePlayer.到这儿我们到此为止吧。
  到这里,在MediaPlayerService端的的setDataSource()的工作也停止了,总结一下就是:从Java应用法度中的
MediaPlayer的setDataSource()会传递到Native层中的MediaPlayer的setDataSource()去履行,而
MediaPlayer会把这个办法交给MediaPlayerservice去履行。MediaPlayerService的是应用stagefrightPlayer
实现的,最后,最后,我们的setdataSource还是交给了AwesomePlayer去履行了。这个流程把MediaPlayer和
MediaPlayerService之间的接洽建树起来,同时又把MediaPlayerService是如何应用stagefright实现的关系建树了
起来。到这里,我们的解析MediaPlayer的流程的目标也算是根蒂根基达到了。若是再持续解析MediaPlayer的话,我们可
以分为两个标的目标了,一个是解析stagefright是如何解码的;一个是解析MediaPlayer与AudioTrack,AudioFlinger
之间的关系了。由此看来,将来的任务和路子还是任重道远的。

最后

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