软件光栅化渲染器(一)

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我是靠谱客的博主细腻帆布鞋，这篇文章主要介绍软件光栅化渲染器(一)，现在分享给大家，希望可以做个参考。

说明

32位存储一像素，通过操作一段可线性寻址的内存的视频缓存输送给显示设备，刚开始做，暂时只能画点和线和三角形，不支持裁剪，功能一点点来吧。项目的github地址:https://github.com/xinhua302/3DRender

复制代码

/*
*渲染装置
*/
#ifndef DEVICE_H
#define DEVICE_H
#include "3DMath.h"

const int RENDER_STATE_WIREFRAME = 1;   // 渲染线框
const int RENDER_STATE_COLOR = 2;       // 渲染纹理

class Device
{
public:
    int width;
    int height;
    UINT *frameBuffer;      //图像缓存
    int renderState;
    UINT background;        //背景颜色
    UINT foreground;        //线框颜色

public:
    Device(int width, int height, void *frameBuffer, int renderState, UINT foreground, UINT background)
    {
        Init(width, height, frameBuffer, renderState, foreground, background);
    }
    ~Device()
    {

}
    void Init(int width, int height, void *frameBuffer, int renderState, UINT foreground, UINT background)
    {
        this->width = width;
        this->height = height;
        this->frameBuffer = (UINT*)frameBuffer;
        this->renderState = renderState;
        this->foreground = foreground;
        this->background = background;
    }
    void Destroy()
    {
        if (frameBuffer != nullptr)
        {
            delete frameBuffer;
            frameBuffer = nullptr;
        }
    }
    void Clear()
    {
        memset(frameBuffer, 0, sizeof(UINT)* width * height);
    }
    //画点
    void DrawPoint(int x, int y, UINT color)
    {
        frameBuffer[x + y * width] = color;
    }
    //画线
    void DrawLine(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2, UINT color)
    {
        int dy = y2 - y1;
        int dx = x2 - x1;
        int x = x1;
        int y = y1;
        if (dx == 0)
        {
            if (y <= y2)
            {
                while (y <= y2)
                {
                    DrawPoint(x, y++, color);
                }
            }
            else
            {
                while (y > y2)
                {
                    DrawPoint(x, y--, color);
                }
            }
            return;
        }
        float k = (float)dy / (float)dx;
        float b = y1 - k*x1;
        if (abs(k) < 1)
        {
            if (x <= x2)
            {
                while (x <= x2)
                {
                    DrawPoint(x, y, color);
                    y = (int)(k * ++x + b + 0.5);
                }
            }
            else
            {
                while (x > x2)
                {
                    DrawPoint(x, y, color);
                    y = (int)(k * --x + b + 0.5);
                }
            }
        }
        else
        {
            if (y <= y2)
            {
                while (y <= y2)
                {
                    DrawPoint(x, y, color);
                    x = (int)((++y - b) / k + 0.5);
                }
            }
            else
            {
                while (y > y2)
                {
                    DrawPoint(x, y, color);
                    x = (int)((--y - b) / k + 0.5);
                }
            }
        }
    }
    void DrawLine(const Point2D &p1, const Point2D &p2, UINT color)
    {
        DrawLine(p1.x, p1.y, p2.x, p2.y, color);
    }
    //画三角形
    void DrawTriangle(const Point2D &p1, const Point2D &p2, const Point2D &p3, UINT color)
    {   
        if (RENDER_STATE_WIREFRAME == renderState)
        {
            DrawLine(p1, p2, color);
            DrawLine(p2, p3, color);
            DrawLine(p3, p1, color);
        }
        else if (RENDER_STATE_COLOR == renderState)
        {
            //是否是平底或平顶三角形
            if (p1.y == p2.y)
            {
                if (p3.y > p2.y)
                {
                    FillBottomTriangle(p1, p2, p3, color);
                }
                else if (p3.y < p2.y)
                {
                    FillTopTriangle(p1, p2, p3, color);
                }
            }
            else if (p1.y == p3.y)
            {
                if (p2.y > p1.y)
                {
                    FillBottomTriangle(p1, p2, p3, color);
                }
                else if (p2.y < p1.y)
                {
                    FillTopTriangle(p1, p2, p3, color);
                }
            }
            else if (p2.y == p3.y)
            {
                if (p3.y > p2.y)
                {
                    FillBottomTriangle(p1, p2, p3, color);
                }
                else if (p3.y < p2.y)
                {
                    FillTopTriangle(p1, p2, p3, color);
                }
            }
            //不是平底也不是平顶,需要拆分
            else
            {
                //从上到下排列顶点
                Point2D pList[] = { p1, p2, p3 };
                SelectionSort(pList, 3);
                //(y - b) / k
                float k = (pList[0].y - pList[2].y) * 1.0f / (pList[0].x - pList[2].x);
                float b = pList[2].y - k*pList[2].x;
                int CenterPointX = (int)((pList[1].y - b) / k + 0.5);
                Point2D centerPoint = { CenterPointX, pList[1].y };
                FillTopTriangle(pList[0], centerPoint, pList[1], color);
                FillBottomTriangle(centerPoint, pList[1], pList[2], color);
            }
        }
    }

//填充平顶三角形
    void FillTopTriangle(const Point2D &p1, const Point2D &p2, const Point2D &p3, UINT color)
    {
        Point2D top, left, right;
        if (p1.y == p2.y)
        {
            top = p3;
            left = p1;
            right = p2;
        }
        else if (p2.y == p3.y)
        {
            top = p1;
            left = p2;
            right = p3;
        }
        else
        {
            top = p2;
            left = p1;
            right = p3;
        }
        if (left.x > right.x)
        {
            Swap(left, right);
        }
        float leftDxDivDy = ((float)top.x - (float)left.x) / ((float)top.y - (float)left.y);
        float rightDxDivDy = ((float)right.x - (float)top.x) / ((float)right.y - (float)top.y);
        float xleft = (float)left.x;
        float xRight = (float)right.x;
        int y = left.y;
        while (y >= top.y)
        {
            DrawLine((int)(xleft + 0.5), y, (int)(xRight+0.5), y, color);
            y--;
            xleft -= leftDxDivDy;
            xRight -= rightDxDivDy;
        }
    }

//填充平底三角形
    void FillBottomTriangle(const Point2D &p1, const Point2D &p2, const Point2D &p3, UINT color)
    {
        Point2D bottom, left, right;
        if (p1.y == p2.y)
        {
            bottom = p3;
            left = p1;
            right = p2;
        }
        else if (p2.y == p3.y)
        {
            bottom = p1;
            left = p2;
            right = p3;
        }
        else
        {
            bottom = p2;
            left = p1;
            right = p3;
        }
        if (left.x > right.x)
        {
            Swap(left, right);
        }

float leftDxDivDy = ((float)bottom.x - (float)left.x) / ((float)bottom.y - (float)left.y);
        float rightDxDivDy = ((float)right.x - (float)bottom.x) / ((float)right.y - (float)bottom.y);
        float xleft = (float)left.x;
        float xRight = (float)right.x;
        int y = left.y;
        while (y <= bottom.y)
        {
            DrawLine((int)(xleft + 0.5), y, (int)(xRight + 0.5), y, color);
            y++;
            xleft += leftDxDivDy;
            xRight += rightDxDivDy;
        }
    }

//渲染主函数
    void Render()
    {
        Clear();
        Point2D p1 = { 30, 250 };
        Point2D p2 = { 110, 350 };
        Point2D p3 = { 200, 220 };
        DrawTriangle(p1, p2, p3, foreground);
        DrawTriangle(p1, p2, p3, foreground);
    }
};

#endif

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/*
*渲染装置
*/
#ifndef DEVICE_H
#define DEVICE_H
#include "3DMath.h"

const int RENDER_STATE_WIREFRAME = 1;   // 渲染线框
const int RENDER_STATE_COLOR = 2;       // 渲染纹理

class Device
{
public:
    int width;
    int height;
    UINT *frameBuffer;      //图像缓存
    int renderState;
    UINT background;        //背景颜色
    UINT foreground;        //线框颜色

public:
    Device(int width, int height, void *frameBuffer, int renderState, UINT foreground, UINT background)
    {
        Init(width, height, frameBuffer, renderState, foreground, background);
    }
    ~Device()
    {

    }
    void Init(int width, int height, void *frameBuffer, int renderState, UINT foreground, UINT background)
    {
        this->width = width;
        this->height = height;
        this->frameBuffer = (UINT*)frameBuffer;
        this->renderState = renderState;
        this->foreground = foreground;
        this->background = background;
    }
    void Destroy()
    {
        if (frameBuffer != nullptr)
        {
            delete frameBuffer;
            frameBuffer = nullptr;
        }
    }
    void Clear()
    {
        memset(frameBuffer, 0, sizeof(UINT)* width * height);
    }
    //画点
    void DrawPoint(int x, int y, UINT color)
    {
        frameBuffer[x + y * width] = color;
    }
    //画线
    void DrawLine(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2, UINT color)
    {
        int dy = y2 - y1;
        int dx = x2 - x1;
        int x = x1;
        int y = y1;
        if (dx == 0)
        {
            if (y <= y2)
            {
                while (y <= y2)
                {
                    DrawPoint(x, y++, color);
                }
            }
            else
            {
                while (y > y2)
                {
                    DrawPoint(x, y--, color);
                }
            }
            return;
        }
        float k = (float)dy / (float)dx;
        float b = y1 - k*x1;
        if (abs(k) < 1)
        {
            if (x <= x2)
            {
                while (x <= x2)
                {
                    DrawPoint(x, y, color);
                    y = (int)(k * ++x + b + 0.5);
                }
            }
            else
            {
                while (x > x2)
                {
                    DrawPoint(x, y, color);
                    y = (int)(k * --x + b + 0.5);
                }
            }
        }
        else
        {
            if (y <= y2)
            {
                while (y <= y2)
                {
                    DrawPoint(x, y, color);
                    x = (int)((++y - b) / k + 0.5);
                }
            }
            else
            {
                while (y > y2)
                {
                    DrawPoint(x, y, color);
                    x = (int)((--y - b) / k + 0.5);
                }
            }
        }
    }
    void DrawLine(const Point2D &p1, const Point2D &p2, UINT color)
    {
        DrawLine(p1.x, p1.y, p2.x, p2.y, color);
    }
    //画三角形
    void DrawTriangle(const Point2D &p1, const Point2D &p2, const Point2D &p3, UINT color)
    {   
        if (RENDER_STATE_WIREFRAME == renderState)
        {
            DrawLine(p1, p2, color);
            DrawLine(p2, p3, color);
            DrawLine(p3, p1, color);
        }
        else if (RENDER_STATE_COLOR == renderState)
        {
            //是否是平底或平顶三角形
            if (p1.y == p2.y)
            {
                if (p3.y > p2.y)
                {
                    FillBottomTriangle(p1, p2, p3, color);
                }
                else if (p3.y < p2.y)
                {
                    FillTopTriangle(p1, p2, p3, color);
                }
            }
            else if (p1.y == p3.y)
            {
                if (p2.y > p1.y)
                {
                    FillBottomTriangle(p1, p2, p3, color);
                }
                else if (p2.y < p1.y)
                {
                    FillTopTriangle(p1, p2, p3, color);
                }
            }
            else if (p2.y == p3.y)
            {
                if (p3.y > p2.y)
                {
                    FillBottomTriangle(p1, p2, p3, color);
                }
                else if (p3.y < p2.y)
                {
                    FillTopTriangle(p1, p2, p3, color);
                }
            }
            //不是平底也不是平顶,需要拆分
            else
            {
                //从上到下排列顶点
                Point2D pList[] = { p1, p2, p3 };
                SelectionSort(pList, 3);
                //(y - b) / k
                float k = (pList[0].y - pList[2].y) * 1.0f / (pList[0].x - pList[2].x);
                float b = pList[2].y - k*pList[2].x;
                int CenterPointX = (int)((pList[1].y - b) / k + 0.5);
                Point2D centerPoint = { CenterPointX, pList[1].y };
                FillTopTriangle(pList[0], centerPoint, pList[1], color);
                FillBottomTriangle(centerPoint, pList[1], pList[2], color);
            }
        }
    }

    //填充平顶三角形
    void FillTopTriangle(const Point2D &p1, const Point2D &p2, const Point2D &p3, UINT color)
    {
        Point2D top, left, right;
        if (p1.y == p2.y)
        {
            top = p3;
            left = p1;
            right = p2;
        }
        else if (p2.y == p3.y)
        {
            top = p1;
            left = p2;
            right = p3;
        }
        else
        {
            top = p2;
            left = p1;
            right = p3;
        }
        if (left.x > right.x)
        {
            Swap(left, right);
        }
        float leftDxDivDy = ((float)top.x - (float)left.x) / ((float)top.y - (float)left.y);
        float rightDxDivDy = ((float)right.x - (float)top.x) / ((float)right.y - (float)top.y);
        float xleft = (float)left.x;
        float xRight = (float)right.x;
        int y = left.y;
        while (y >= top.y)
        {
            DrawLine((int)(xleft + 0.5), y, (int)(xRight+0.5), y, color);
            y--;
            xleft -= leftDxDivDy;
            xRight -= rightDxDivDy;
        }
    }

    //填充平底三角形
    void FillBottomTriangle(const Point2D &p1, const Point2D &p2, const Point2D &p3, UINT color)
    {
        Point2D bottom, left, right;
        if (p1.y == p2.y)
        {
            bottom = p3;
            left = p1;
            right = p2;
        }
        else if (p2.y == p3.y)
        {
            bottom = p1;
            left = p2;
            right = p3;
        }
        else
        {
            bottom = p2;
            left = p1;
            right = p3;
        }
        if (left.x > right.x)
        {
            Swap(left, right);
        }

        float leftDxDivDy = ((float)bottom.x - (float)left.x) / ((float)bottom.y - (float)left.y);
        float rightDxDivDy = ((float)right.x - (float)bottom.x) / ((float)right.y - (float)bottom.y);
        float xleft = (float)left.x;
        float xRight = (float)right.x;
        int y = left.y;
        while (y <= bottom.y)
        {
            DrawLine((int)(xleft + 0.5), y, (int)(xRight + 0.5), y, color);
            y++;
            xleft += leftDxDivDy;
            xRight += rightDxDivDy;
        }
    }

    //渲染主函数
    void Render()
    {
        Clear();
        Point2D p1 = { 30, 250 };
        Point2D p2 = { 110, 350 };
        Point2D p3 = { 200, 220 };
        DrawTriangle(p1, p2, p3, foreground);
        DrawTriangle(p1, p2, p3, foreground);
    }
};


#endif