概述
控制文件损坏
一、使用trace文件恢复
SQL> alter database backup controlfile to trace; ——将控制文件备份到trace文件
Database altered.
SQL> @gettrace --得到trace文件的路径
TRACE_FILE_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/Oracle/app/admin/ora10g/udump/ora10g_ora_31270.trc
SQL> !
[oracle@www.linuxidc.com ~]$ more /oracle/app/admin/ora10g/udump/ora10g_ora_31270.trc
/oracle/app/admin/ora10g/udump/ora10g_ora_31270.trc
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
ORACLE_HOME = /oracle/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1
System name: Linux
Node name:
www.linuxidc.com
Release: 2.6.18-164.el5
.
.
.
-- ALTER DATABASE SET STANDBY DATABASE TO MAXIMIZE PERFORMANCE
STARTUP NOMOUNT
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "ORA10G" NORESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG
MAXLOGFILES 16
MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
MAXDATAFILES 100
MAXINSTANCES 8
MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILE
GROUP 1 '/oradata/ora10g/redo01.log' SIZE 50M,
GROUP 2 '/oradata/ora10g/redo02.log' SIZE 50M,
GROUP 3 '/oradata/ora10g/redo03.log' SIZE 50M
-- STANDBY LOGFILE
DATAFILE
'/oradata/ora10g/system01.dbf',
'/oradata/ora10g/undotbs01.dbf',
.
.
.
ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE '/oradata/ora10g/temp01.dbf'
SIZE 20971520 REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 655360 MAXSIZE 32767M;
-- End of tempfile additions.
--
[oracle@www.linuxidc.com udump]$ cd
[oracle@www.linuxidc.com ~]$ vim recontro.sql ——拷贝trace文件中有用的语句重建控制文件。如果在之前没有备份的trace文件，我们可以从init{SID}.ora文件中得到数据文件、日志文件、数据库表空间等信息，把init{SID}.ora文件中的内容按以下格式创建重构控制文件脚本
STARTUP NOMOUNT
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "ORA10G" NORESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG
MAXLOGFILES 16
MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
MAXDATAFILES 100
MAXINSTANCES 8
MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILE
GROUP 1 '/oradata/ora10g/redo01.log' SIZE 50M,
GROUP 2 '/oradata/ora10g/redo02.log' SIZE 50M,
GROUP 3 '/oradata/ora10g/redo03.log' SIZE 50M
DATAFILE
'/oradata/ora10g/system01.dbf',
'/oradata/ora10g/undotbs01.dbf',
'/oradata/ora10g/sysaux01.dbf',
'/oradata/ora10g/users01.dbf'
CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
;
VARIABLE RECNO NUMBER;
EXECUTE :RECNO := SYS.DBMS_BACKUP_RESTORE.SETCONFIG('CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP','OFF');
RECOVER DATABASE
ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE LOG ALL;
ALTER DATABASE OPEN;
SIZE 20971520 REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 655360 MAXSIZE 32767M;
STARTUP NOMOUNT
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "ORA10G" RESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG
MAXLOGFILES 16
MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
MAXDATAFILES 100
MAXINSTANCES 8
MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILE
GROUP 1 '/oradata/ora10g/redo01.log' SIZE 50M,
GROUP 2 '/oradata/ora10g/redo02.log' SIZE 50M,
GROUP 3 '/oradata/ora10g/redo03.log' SIZE 50M
DATAFILE
'/oradata/ora10g/system01.dbf',
'/oradata/ora10g/undotbs01.dbf',
'/oradata/ora10g/sysaux01.dbf',
'/oradata/ora10g/users01.dbf'
CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
;
VARIABLE RECNO NUMBER;
EXECUTE :RECNO := SYS.DBMS_BACKUP_RESTORE.SETCONFIG('CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP','OFF');
RECOVER DATABASE USING BACKUP CONTROLFILE
ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS;
SIZE 20971520 REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 655360 MAXSIZE 32767M;
"recontro.sql" 49L, 1641C 已写入
[oracle@www.linuxidc.com ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Jul 19 03:30:34 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> set echo on ——打开显示输出
SQL> @recontro ——使用刚建立的重构控制文件的脚本重建控制文件
SQL> STARTUP NOMOUNT
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 209715200 bytes
Fixed Size 1218556 bytes
Variable Size 75499524 bytes
Database Buffers 130023424 bytes
Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes
SQL> CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "ORA10G" NORESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG
2 MAXLOGFILES 16
3 MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
4 MAXDATAFILES 100
5 MAXINSTANCES 8
6 MAXLOGHISTORY 292
7 LOGFILE
8 GROUP 1 '/oradata/ora10g/redo01.log' SIZE 50M,
9 GROUP 2 '/oradata/ora10g/redo02.log' SIZE 50M,
10 GROUP 3 '/oradata/ora10g/redo03.log' SIZE 50M
11 DATAFILE
12 '/oradata/ora10g/system01.dbf',
13 '/oradata/ora10g/undotbs01.dbf',
14 '/oradata/ora10g/sysaux01.dbf',
15 '/oradata/ora10g/users01.dbf'
16 CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
17 ;
Control file created.
SQL> VARIABLE RECNO NUMBER;
SQL> EXECUTE :RECNO := SYS.DBMS_BACKUP_RESTORE.SETCONFIG('CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP','OFF');
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> RECOVER DATABASE
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE LOG ALL;
System altered.
SQL> ALTER DATABASE OPEN;
Database altered.
SQL> ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE '/oradata/ora10g/temp01.dbf'
2 SIZE 20971520 REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 655360 MAXSIZE 32767M;
Tablespace altered.
SQL> STARTUP NOMOUNT
ORA-01081: cannot start already-running ORACLE - shut it down first
SQL> CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "ORA10G" RESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG
2 MAXLOGFILES 16
3 MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
4 MAXDATAFILES 100
5 MAXINSTANCES 8
6 MAXLOGHISTORY 292
7 LOGFILE
8 GROUP 1 '/oradata/ora10g/redo01.log' SIZE 50M,
9 GROUP 2 '/oradata/ora10g/redo02.log' SIZE 50M,
10 GROUP 3 '/oradata/ora10g/redo03.log' SIZE 50M
11 DATAFILE
12 '/oradata/ora10g/system01.dbf',
13 '/oradata/ora10g/undotbs01.dbf',
14 '/oradata/ora10g/sysaux01.dbf',
15 '/oradata/ora10g/users01.dbf'
16 CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
17 ;
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "ORA10G" RESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG
SQL> VARIABLE RECNO NUMBER;
SQL> EXECUTE :RECNO := SYS.DBMS_BACKUP_RESTORE.SETCONFIG('CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP','OFF');
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> RECOVER DATABASE USING BACKUP CONTROLFILE
SQL> ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS;
SQL> ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE '/oradata/ora10g/temp01.dbf'
2 SIZE 20971520 REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 655360 MAXSIZE 32767M;
ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE '/oradata/ora10g/temp01.dbf'
Tablespace altered.
SQL> select open_mode from v$database;
OPEN_MODE
数据文件损坏，介质恢复
先物理冷备份数据库文件，
v$recover_file与v$recovery_log
这是两个动态性能视图，可以在mount下查看，通过这两个视图，你可以了解详细的需要恢复的数据文件与需要使用到的归档日志。
给你个例子： SQL> startup ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 102020364 bytes Fixed Size 70924 bytes Variable Size 85487616 bytes Database Buffers 16384000 bytes Redo Buffers 77824 bytes Database mounted. ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 3 - see DBWR trace file ORA-01110: data file 3: 'D:ORACLEORADATATESTUSERS01.DBF ' 还可以查看报警文件(见上一个恢复案例)或动态视图v$recover_file 如SQL> select * from v$recover_file; FILE# ONLINE ERROR CHANGE# TIME ---------- ------- ------------------ ---------- ----------- 3 ONLINE 1013500 2003-05-07 脱机数据文件 SQL> alter database datafile 3 offline drop; Database altered. 打开数据库，拷贝备份回来(restore)，恢复(recover)该数据文件，并联机 SQL> alter database open; Database altered. 拷贝备份从备份处 copy d:databak users01.dbf d:oracleoradatatest; 恢复该数据文件 SQL> recover datafile 3; ORA-00279: change 1053698 generated at 05/07/2003 17:51:26 needed for thread 1 ORA-00289: suggestion : D:ORACLEORADATATESTARCHIVETESTT001S00304.ARC ORA-00280: change 1053698 for thread 1 is in sequence #304 Specify log: { =suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL} AUTO ORA-00279: change 1053701 generated at 05/07/2003 17:51:39 needed for thread 1 ORA-00289: suggestion : D:ORACLEORADATATESTARCHIVETESTT001S00305.ARC ORA-00280: change 1053701 for thread 1 is in sequence #305 ORA-00278: log file 'D:ORACLEORADATATESTARCHIVETESTT001S00304.ARC ' no longer needed for this recovery Log applied. Media recovery complete. 恢复成功，联机该数据文件 SQL> alter database datafile 3 online; Database altered. 检查数据库的数据(完全恢复) SQL> select * from test; A --------------------------------------- 1 2
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