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1、lap（linux+apache+php）（略）
2、需要的软件包
通过yum源安装，系统光盘就有：
引用
yum -y install apr-devel apr-util check-devel cairo-devel pango-devel libxml2-devel rpmbuild glib2-devel dbus-devel freetype-devel fontconfig-devel gcc-c++ expat-devel python-devel libXrender-devel
3、安装libconfuse
32位os下载：
引用
wget
http://download.fedora.redhat.com/pub/epel/5/i386/libconfuse-2.5-4.el5.i386.rpm
wget
http://download.fedora.redhat.com/pub/epel/5/i386/libconfuse-devel-2.5-4.el5.i386.rpm
64位os下载：
引用
wget
http://download.fedora.redhat.com/pub/epel/5/x86_64/libconfuse-2.5-4.el5.x86_64.rpm
wget
http://download.fedora.redhat.com/pub/epel/5/x86_64/libconfuse-devel-2.5-4.el5.x86_64.rpm
安装
引用
rpm –ivh libconfuse-2.5-4.el5.i386.rpm libconfuse-devel-2.5-4.el5.i386.rpm
4、安装RRDTool
引用
wget
http://oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool/pub/rrdtool.tar.gz
tar zxvf rrdtool*
cd rrdtool-*
./configure --prefix=/usr
make
make install
5、安装ganglia
到
http://ganglia.info网站下载最新版的ganglia，这里以3.1.2版为例
这里编译安装的时候需要注意：
安装之前用以下命令检查有没有rrd.h和librrd.a文件：
引用
ll /usr/include/rrd.h
ll /usr/lib/librrd.a
如果存在以上两个文件，则继续安装否则使用find命令查找这两个文件，并创建指向这两个文件的软链接
引用
find / -name rrd.h
find / -name librrd.a
比如说你找到的文件在/usr/local/下，则：
引用
ln -s /usr/local/rrd.h /usr/include/rrd.h
ln -s /usr/local/librrd.a /usr/lib/librrd.a
安装：
引用
tar –zxvf ganglia-3.1.2.tar.gz
cd ganglia-3.1.2.tar.gz
./configure --with-gmetad
make
make install
如果安装过程中出现读取相关lib文件读取错误，请在/usr/lib(32os)或/usr/lib64下查找是否存在该lib文件，如果不存在，查找该文件并在/usr/lib(32os)或/usr/lib64创建指向该lib文件的软链接。
6、配置ganglia
step 1、处理命令行文件
引用
cd /tmp/ganglia-3.1.2/ //假设你的ganglia在此目录
mkdir -p /var/www/html/ganglia/ //创建网站主目录下ganglia文件夹，用来访问ganglia
cp -a web/* /var/www/html/ganglia/ //拷贝ganglia网站代码到该目录
cp gmetad/gmetad.init /etc/rc.d/init.d/gmetad //拷贝gmetad服务启动脚本
cp gmond/gmond.init /etc/rc.d/init.d/gmond //拷贝gmond服务启动脚本
mkdir /etc/ganglia //创建配置文件主目录
gmond -t | tee /etc/ganglia/gmond.conf //生成gmond服务配置文件
cp gmetad/gmetad.conf /etc/ganglia/ //拷贝gmetad服务配置文件
mkdir -p /var/lib/ganglia/rrds //创建rrd文件存放目录
chown nobody:nobody /var/lib/ganglia/rrds //属主和属组都为nobody
chkconfig --add gmetad //将服务交给chkconfig管理
chkconfig --add gmond //同上
step 2、修改 /etc/ganglia/gmond.conf
引用
vi /etc/ganglia/gmond.conf //修改以下字段
cluster {
name = "cluster name" //你要监控的集群名，一般我们只改这一项，可以是任意值
owner = " unspecified "
latlong = "unspecified"
url = "unspecified"
}
step3、关于两块网卡服务器的设置
如果你的服务器有两块网卡，eth0使用公网地址，eth1使用局域网地址，而你的监控服务器和被监控服务器之间的通信你希望通过局域网地址实现以减少公网网卡的负载，那么可以使用以下命令：
引用
ip route add 239.2.11.71 dev eth1
因为239.2.11.71是ganglia默认的多点传输通道，所以要加一条路由使它通过eth1,也就是内网网卡，239.2.11.71这个地址你可以在/etc/ganglia/gmond.conf中修改
step4、启动服务
引用
service gmond start
service gmetad start
service httpd restart
这时服务端的配置已经结束，通过网页
http://You_IP/ganglia已经可以访问，并且可以监控到监控服务器的信息。
7、客户端的配置
在监控服务器编写一个脚本文件，执行它可以将服务快速的发布到被监控主机上
step1、首先编写一个主机地址文件：
引用
vi mynodes
添加你的主机名或服务器ip到该文件，我这里只写了5台主机
引用
192.168.10.1
192.168.10.2
192.168.10.3
192.168.10.4
192.168.10.5
step2、编写脚本实现服务的发布
引用
vi ganglia.sh
使用以下内容，这里使用的是64位OS，如果是32位OS，将下面的lib64改为lib
引用
for i in `cat mynodes`; do
scp /usr/bin/gmetric $i:/usr/bin
scp /usr/sbin/gmond $i:/usr/sbin/gmond
ssh $i mkdir -p /etc/ganglia/
scp /etc/ganglia/gmond.conf $i:/etc/ganglia/
scp /etc/init.d/gmond $i:/etc/init.d/
scp /usr/lib64/libganglia-3.1.2.so.0 $i:/usr/lib64/
scp /lib64/libexpat.so.0 $i:/lib64/
scp /usr/lib64/libconfuse.so.0 $i:/usr/lib64/
scp /usr/lib64/libapr-1.so.0 $i:/usr/lib64/
scp -r /usr/lib64/ganglia $i:/usr/lib64/
ssh $i service gmond start
done
step3、赋予脚本可执行权限并执行
引用
chmod 755 ganglia.sh
./ganglia.sh
至此ganglia客户端和服务器端的配置完成，可以通过web访问来监控你的群集了
8、使用gmetric定制你自己要监控的信息
step1、在使用gmetric前要确定自己被监控服务器有gmetric
引用
ll /usr/bin/gmetric
如果没有，通过scp从监控服务器拷贝
引用
scp
root@192.168.10.100:/usr/bin/gmetric /usr/bin/ //假设你的监控服务器为192.168.10.100
step2、定制你自己的脚本，执行，并且将结果返回监控服务器
你可以在
http://ganglia.info/gmetric/找到很多别人共享的脚本，以下是一个监控memcache服务的脚本：
引用
vi /root/mcd_gmetric.sh //以下内容
#!/bin/bash
### $Id: mcd_gmetric.sh 16661 2006-11-07 00:56:33Z ben $
### This script queries a memcached server running
### on localhost and reports a few statistics to
### ganglia.
### It reports
### *mcd_curr_items - the number of objects stored
### *mcd_curr_bytes - current bytes used
### *mcd_curr_conns - current number of connections
### *mcd_hit_perc - hits / gets for current time duration
### (current hit percentage)
### For more description on any of these metrics,
### see the protocols.txt file in the MCD docs.
### Copyright Simply Hired, Inc. 2006
### License to use, modify, and distribute under the GPL
###
http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.txt
VERSION=1.0
GMETRIC="/usr/bin/gmetric"
GMETRIC_ARGS="-c /etc/ganglia/gmond.conf"
STATEFILE="/var/lib/ganglia/metrics/mcd.stats"
ERROR_NOTROOT="/tmp/mcd_gmetric_notroot"
ERROR_CANT_CONNECT="/tmp/mcd_gmetric_cant_connect"
ERROR_CREATE="/tmp/mcd_gmetric_create_statefile_failed"
ERROR_GETS_EMPTY="/tmp/mcd_gets_empty"
MCD_CONF="/etc/sysconfig/memcached"
# get system configuration
if [ -e ${MCD_CONF} ]
then
source ${MCD_CONF}
MCD_PORT=${PORT}
fi
MCD_PORT=${MCD_PORT:-11211}
date=`date +%s`
if [ $UID -ne 0 ]
then
if [ -e $ERROR_NOTROOT ] ; then exit 1; fi
echo "Error: this script must be run as root."
touch $ERROR_NOTROOT
exit 1
fi
rm -f $ERROR_NOTROOT
if [ "x$1" == "x-h" ]
then
echo "Usage: mcd_gmetric.sh [--clean]"
echo " --clean delete all tmp files"
exit 0
fi
if [ "x$1" == "x--clean" ]
then
rm -f $STATEFILE $ERROR_NOTROOT $ERROR_CANT_CONNECT $ERROR_CREATE
retval=$?
if [ $retval -ne 0 ]
then
echo "failed to clean up."
exit 1
else
echo "All cleaned up."
exit 0
fi
fi
# if the GMETRIC program isn't installed, compain
if [ ! -e $GMETRIC ]
then
if [ -e $ERROR_GMETRIC ] ; then exit 1; fi
echo ""
echo "Error: GMETRIC doesn't seem to be installed."
echo "$GMETRIC doesn't exist."
echo ""
touch $ERROR_GMETRIC
exit 1
fi
# get current statistics
exec 3>&2 #turn off STDERR
exec 2>/dev/null
stats_array=(`echo "stats" | nc localhost $MCD_PORT`)
retval=$?
exec 2>&1 #turn on STDERR
exec 3>&-
if [ $retval -ne 0 ]
then
if [ -e $ERROR_CANT_CONNECT ] ; then exit 1 ; fi
echo "I can't connect to mcd."
echo "Bummer. "
touch $ERROR_CANT_CONNECT
exit 1
fi
mcd_curr_items=`echo ${stats_array[23]}|tr -c -d [0-9]` #this tr thing is because there's a trailing ^M on the string from netcat that breaks bc.
mcd_curr_bytes=`echo ${stats_array[29]}|tr -c -d [0-9]`
mcd_curr_conns=`echo ${stats_array[32]}|tr -c -d [0-9]`
mcd_total_gets=`echo ${stats_array[41]}|tr -c -d [0-9]`
mcd_total_sets=`echo ${stats_array[44]}|tr -c -d [0-9]`
mcd_total_hits=`echo ${stats_array[47]}|tr -c -d [0-9]`
if [ -z "$mcd_total_gets" ]
then
# this actually happens rather often for some reason, so I'm just going to fail silently.
# if [ -e $ERROR_GETS_EMPTY ] ; then exit 1 ; fi
# echo ""
# echo "ERROR: mcd_total_gets empty."
# echo ""
exit 1
fi
rm -f $ERROR_GETS_EMPTY
# save and turn off /STDERR for the statefile tests
exec 3>&2
exec 2>/dev/null
# if the statefile doesn't exist, we either havn't
# run yet or there's something bigger wrong.
if [ ! -e $STATEFILE ]
then
if [ ! -d `dirname $STATEFILE` ]
then
mkdir -p `dirname $STATEFILE`
fi
echo "$date $mcd_curr_items $mcd_curr_bytes $mcd_curr_conns $mcd_total_gets $mcd_total_sets $mcd_total_hits" > $STATEFILE
if [ ! -e $STATEFILE ]
then
# if it didn't exist and we couldn't create
# it, we should just scream bloody murder and die.
# only scream once though...
if [ -e $ERROR_CREATE ]
then
exit 1
fi
echo ""
echo "ERROR: couldn't create $STATEFILE"
echo ""
touch $ERROR_CREATE
exit 1
fi
echo "Created statefile. Exitting."
exit 0
fi
# restore stderr
exec 2>&3
exec 3>&-
old_stats_array=(`cat $STATEFILE`)
old_date=${old_stats_array[0]}
old_mcd_curr_items=${old_stats_array[1]}
old_mcd_curr_bytes=${old_stats_array[2]}
old_mcd_curr_conns=${old_stats_array[3]}
old_mcd_total_gets=${old_stats_array[4]}
old_mcd_total_sets=${old_stats_array[5]}
old_mcd_total_hits=${old_stats_array[6]}
echo "$date $mcd_curr_items $mcd_curr_bytes $mcd_curr_conns $mcd_total_gets $mcd_total_sets $mcd_total_hits" > $STATEFILE
time_diff=$(($date - $old_date))
mcd_total_gets_diff=$(($mcd_total_gets - $old_mcd_total_gets))
mcd_total_sets_diff=$(($mcd_total_sets - $old_mcd_total_sets))
mcd_total_hits_diff=$(($mcd_total_hits - $old_mcd_total_hits))
if [ $time_diff -eq 0 ]
then
if [ -e $ERROR_TIMEDIFF ] ; then exit 1 ; fi
echo "something is broken."
echo "time_diff is 0."
touch $ERROR_TIMEDIFF
exit 1
fi
# none of these numbers should be less than 1, but if they are, just send back 1.
if [ $mcd_total_gets_diff -le 1 ] ; then mcd_total_gets_diff=1 ; fi
if [ $mcd_total_sets_diff -le 1 ] ; then mcd_total_sets_diff=1 ; fi
if [ $mcd_total_hits_diff -le 1 ] ; then mcd_total_hits_diff=1 ; fi
mcd_gets_per_sec=`echo "scale=3;${mcd_total_gets_diff}/${time_diff}"|bc`
mcd_sets_per_sec=`echo "scale=3;${mcd_total_sets_diff}/${time_diff}"|bc`
mcd_hits_per_sec=`echo "scale=3;${mcd_total_hits_diff}/${time_diff}"|bc`
mcd_hit_perc=`echo "scale=3; ${mcd_total_hits_diff} * 100 / ${mcd_total_gets_diff}" | bc`
$GMETRIC $GMETRIC_ARGS --name="mcd_seconds_measured" --value=${time_diff} --type=uint32 --units="secs"
$GMETRIC $GMETRIC_ARGS --name="mcd_items_cached" --value=${mcd_curr_items} --type=uint32 --units="items"
$GMETRIC $GMETRIC_ARGS --name="mcd_bytes_used" --value=${mcd_curr_bytes} --type=uint32 --units="bytes"
$GMETRIC $GMETRIC_ARGS --name="mcd_conns" --value=${mcd_curr_conns} --type=uint32 --units="connections"
$GMETRIC $GMETRIC_ARGS --name="mcd_gets" --value=${mcd_gets_per_sec} --type=float --units="gps"
$GMETRIC $GMETRIC_ARGS --name="mcd_sets" --value=${mcd_sets_per_sec} --type=float --units="sps"
$GMETRIC $GMETRIC_ARGS --name="mcd_cache_hits" --value=${mcd_hits_per_sec} --type=float --units="hps"
$GMETRIC $GMETRIC_ARGS --name="mcd_cache_hit%" --value=${mcd_hit_perc} --type=float --units="%"
赋予脚本可执行权限并执行：
引用
chmod 755 mcd_gmetric.sh
./mcd_gmetric.sh
这时已经将结果通过gmetric返回到监控服务器，在服务器该主机的信息中已经可以看到memcached服务的相关信息了
将这个服务添加到crontab
引用
crontab -e
/1 * * * * /root/mcd_gmetric.sh //设置每分钟将结果返回监控服务器
参考文档：
http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/linux/l-ganglia-nagios-1/
http://idcnews.net/html/edu/20070101/288092.html
http://blog.csdn.net/Tobeabetterman_He/archive/2006/12/13/1441516.aspx
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