概述
Android手机安装APK有几种方式
通过ADB安装
通过应用商店安装
通过把APK放在手机目录，手动安装，这种安装方式有安装界面
这三种安装方式都是调用了PKMS的借口，到PKMS后流程都是相同的，这里主要介绍下通过应用商店安装APK的流程。从应用商店下载APK后会调用PackageManagerService的installPackage()方法，安装流程如下：
1. installPackage方法中获取安装APK的userId，然后调用installPackageAsUser()
@Override
public void installPackage(String originPath, IPackageInstallObserver2 observer,
int installFlags, String installerPackageName, VerificationParams verificationParams,
String packageAbiOverride) {
installPackageAsUser(originPath, observer, installFlags, installerPackageName,
verificationParams, packageAbiOverride, UserHandle.getCallingUserId());
}2. installPackageAsUser()主要进行一些权限的检查，首先检查调用安装的进程是否有安装应用的权限，再检查调用进程的所属用户是否有权限安装应用，检查完成之后，把安装参数保存在installParams对象中，然后发送INIT_COPY消息。
@Override
public void installPackageAsUser(String originPath, IPackageInstallObserver2 observer,
int installFlags, String installerPackageName, VerificationParams verificationParams,
String packageAbiOverride, int userId) {
mContext.enforceCallingOrSelfPermission(android.Manifest.permission.INSTALL_PACKAGES, null);
final int callingUid = Binder.getCallingUid();
enforceCrossUserPermission(callingUid, userId, true, true, "installPackageAsUser");
if (isUserRestricted(userId, UserManager.DISALLOW_INSTALL_APPS)) {
try {
if (observer != null) {
observer.onPackageInstalled("", INSTALL_FAILED_USER_RESTRICTED, null, null);
}
} catch (RemoteException re) {
}
return;
}
if ((callingUid == Process.SHELL_UID) || (callingUid == Process.ROOT_UID)) {
installFlags |= PackageManager.INSTALL_FROM_ADB;
} else {
// Caller holds INSTALL_PACKAGES permission, so we're less strict
// about installerPackageName.
installFlags &= ~PackageManager.INSTALL_FROM_ADB;
installFlags &= ~PackageManager.INSTALL_ALL_USERS;
}
UserHandle user;
if ((installFlags & PackageManager.INSTALL_ALL_USERS) != 0) {
user = UserHandle.ALL;
} else {
user = new UserHandle(userId);
}
// Only system components can circumvent runtime permissions when installing.
if ((installFlags & PackageManager.INSTALL_GRANT_RUNTIME_PERMISSIONS) != 0
&& mContext.checkCallingOrSelfPermission(Manifest.permission
.INSTALL_GRANT_RUNTIME_PERMISSIONS) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED) {
throw new SecurityException("You need the "
+ "android.permission.INSTALL_GRANT_RUNTIME_PERMISSIONS permission "
+ "to use the PackageManager.INSTALL_GRANT_RUNTIME_PERMISSIONS flag");
}
verificationParams.setInstallerUid(callingUid);
final File originFile = new File(originPath);
final OriginInfo origin = OriginInfo.fromUntrustedFile(originFile);
final Message msg = mHandler.obtainMessage(INIT_COPY);
msg.obj = new InstallParams(origin, null, observer, installFlags, installerPackageName,
null, verificationParams, user, packageAbiOverride, null);
mHandler.sendMessage(msg);
}3. 在INIT_COPY消息的处理中将绑定DefaultContainerService，因为这是一个异步的过程，要等待绑定的结果通过onServiceConnected()返回，所以，这里将安装的参数信息放到mPendingInstalls列表中。如果这个service以前就绑定好了，现在不在需要再绑定，安装信息也会先放到mPendingInstalls中。如果有多个安装请求同时到达，通过mPendingInstalls列表可以对它们进行排队。如果列表中只有一项，说明没有更多的安装请求，此时会立即发送MCS_BOUND消息，进入下一步的处理。而onServiceConnected()方法的处理同样是发送MCS_BOUND消息
case INIT_COPY: {
HandlerParams params = (HandlerParams) msg.obj;
int idx = mPendingInstalls.size();
if (DEBUG_INSTALL) Slog.i(TAG, "init_copy idx=" + idx + ": " + params);
// If a bind was already initiated we dont really
// need to do anything. The pending install
// will be processed later on.
if (!mBound) {
// If this is the only one pending we might
// have to bind to the service again.
if (!connectToService()) {
Slog.e(TAG, "Failed to bind to media container service");
params.serviceError();
return;
} else {
// Once we bind to the service, the first
// pending request will be processed.
mPendingInstalls.add(idx, params);
}
} else {
mPendingInstalls.add(idx, params);
// Already bound to the service. Just make
// sure we trigger off processing the first request.
if (idx == 0) {
mHandler.sendEmptyMessage(MCS_BOUND);
}
}
break;
}4. MCS_BOUND消息的处理过程就是调用InstallParams类的startCopy()方法来执行安装。并会判断mPendingInstalls是否仍有需要安装的应用，有的话再次发送MCS_BOUND消息，没有的话则发送MCS_UNBIND消息，和DefaultContainerService解除绑定。
case MCS_BOUND: {
if (DEBUG_INSTALL) Slog.i(TAG, "mcs_bound");
if (msg.obj != null) {
mContainerService = (IMediaContainerService) msg.obj;
}
if (mContainerService == null) {
if (!mBound) {
// Something seriously wrong since we are not bound and we are not
// waiting for connection. Bail out.
Slog.e(TAG, "Cannot bind to media container service");
for (HandlerParams params : mPendingInstalls) {
// Indicate service bind error
params.serviceError();
}
mPendingInstalls.clear();
} else {
Slog.w(TAG, "Waiting to connect to media container service");
}
} else if (mPendingInstalls.size() > 0) {
HandlerParams params = mPendingInstalls.get(0);
if (params != null) {
if (params.startCopy()) {
// We are done... look for more work or to
// go idle.
if (DEBUG_SD_INSTALL) Log.i(TAG,
"Checking for more work or unbind...");
// Delete pending install
if (mPendingInstalls.size() > 0) {
mPendingInstalls.remove(0);
}
if (mPendingInstalls.size() == 0) {
if (mBound) {
if (DEBUG_SD_INSTALL) Log.i(TAG,
"Posting delayed MCS_UNBIND");
removeMessages(MCS_UNBIND);
Message ubmsg = obtainMessage(MCS_UNBIND);
// Unbind after a little delay, to avoid
// continual thrashing.
sendMessageDelayed(ubmsg, 10000);
}
} else {
// There are more pending requests in queue.
// Just post MCS_BOUND message to trigger processing
// of next pending install.
if (DEBUG_SD_INSTALL) Log.i(TAG,
"Posting MCS_BOUND for next work");
mHandler.sendEmptyMessage(MCS_BOUND);
}
}
}
} else {
// Should never happen ideally.
Slog.w(TAG, "Empty queue");
}
break;
}
安装参数InstallParams类结构与继承关系如下：
4.1 Handlerarams有3个子类，分别是InstallParams、MoveParams、MeatureParams，其中，InstallParams用于处理APK的安装、MoveParams用于处理APK的移动，例如从SD卡移到内部存储，MeasureParams用于查询APK占据存储空间的大小。
4.2 InstallParams内部有一个安装参数InstallArgs（后面会有用到），InstallArgs有两个派生类，FileInstallArgs和SdInstallArgs，分别代表在内部安装APK和在SD卡安装APK。
5. 继续分析InstallParams类的startCopy()方法，由于InstallParams没有重写startCopy()方法，因此调用其父类HandlerParams的startCopy()方法，如下：
final boolean startCopy() {
boolean res;
try {
if (DEBUG_INSTALL) Slog.i(TAG, "startCopy " + mUser + ": " + this);
if (++mRetries > MAX_RETRIES) {
Slog.w(TAG, "Failed to invoke remote methods on default container service. Giving up");
mHandler.sendEmptyMessage(MCS_GIVE_UP);
handleServiceError();
return false;
} else {
handleStartCopy();
res = true;
}
} catch (RemoteException e) {
if (DEBUG_INSTALL) Slog.i(TAG, "Posting install MCS_RECONNECT");
mHandler.sendEmptyMessage(MCS_RECONNECT);
res = false;
}
handleReturnCode();
return res;
}6. startCopy()中调用了InstallParams类实现的handleStartCopy()和handleReturnCode(),handleStartCopy()主要是把APK复制到指定路径，handleReturnCode()则对APK进行安装处理。
7. handleStartCopy()方法如下
7.1 调用DefaultContainerService的getMinimalPackageInfo函数，获取PackageInfoLite对象，这是一个轻量级的描述APK结构的对象，在这里，主要想获取recommendedInstallLocation变量，即推荐的安装路径。
7.2调用installLocationPolicy对安装路径进行检查，确认最终的安装路径。
7.3 调用createInstallArgs创建安装参数，若安装在内部存储，则返回FileInstallArgs，若安装在sd卡，则返回SdInstallArgs
7.4然后调用其安装参数的copyApk进行APK的拷贝
public void handleStartCopy() throws RemoteException {
int ret = PackageManager.INSTALL_SUCCEEDED;
// If we're already staged, we've firmly committed to an install location
if (origin.staged) {
if (origin.file != null) {
installFlags |= PackageManager.INSTALL_INTERNAL;
installFlags &= ~PackageManager.INSTALL_EXTERNAL;
} else if (origin.cid != null) {
installFlags |= PackageManager.INSTALL_EXTERNAL;
installFlags &= ~PackageManager.INSTALL_INTERNAL;
} else {
throw new IllegalStateException("Invalid stage location");
}
}
final boolean onSd = (installFlags & PackageManager.INSTALL_EXTERNAL) != 0;
final boolean onInt = (installFlags & PackageManager.INSTALL_INTERNAL) != 0;
PackageInfoLite pkgLite = null;
if (onInt && onSd) {
// Check if both bits are set.
Slog.w(TAG, "Conflicting flags specified for installing on both internal and external");
ret = PackageManager.INSTALL_FAILED_INVALID_INSTALL_LOCATION;
} else {
pkgLite = mContainerService.getMinimalPackageInfo(origin.resolvedPath, installFlags,
packageAbiOverride);
/*
* If we have too little free space, try to free cache
* before giving up.
*/
if (!origin.staged && pkgLite.recommendedInstallLocation
== PackageHelper.RECOMMEND_FAILED_INSUFFICIENT_STORAGE) {
// TODO: focus freeing disk space on the target device
final StorageManager storage = StorageManager.from(mContext);
final long lowThreshold = storage.getStorageLowBytes(
Environment.getDataDirectory());
final long sizeBytes = mContainerService.calculateInstalledSize(
origin.resolvedPath, isForwardLocked(), packageAbiOverride);
if (mInstaller.freeCache(null, sizeBytes + lowThreshold) >= 0) {
pkgLite = mContainerService.getMinimalPackageInfo(origin.resolvedPath,
installFlags, packageAbiOverride);
}
/*
* The cache free must have deleted the file we
* downloaded to install.
*
* TODO: fix the "freeCache" call to not delete
* the file we care about.
*/
if (pkgLite.recommendedInstallLocation
== PackageHelper.RECOMMEND_FAILED_INVALID_URI) {
pkgLite.recommendedInstallLocation
= PackageHelper.RECOMMEND_FAILED_INSUFFICIENT_STORAGE;
}
}
}
if (ret == PackageManager.INSTALL_SUCCEEDED) {
int loc = pkgLite.recommendedInstallLocation;
if (loc == PackageHelper.RECOMMEND_FAILED_INVALID_LOCATION) {
ret = PackageManager.INSTALL_FAILED_INVALID_INSTALL_LOCATION;
} else if (loc == PackageHelper.RECOMMEND_FAILED_ALREADY_EXISTS) {
ret = PackageManager.INSTALL_FAILED_ALREADY_EXISTS;
} else if (loc == PackageHelper.RECOMMEND_FAILED_INSUFFICIENT_STORAGE) {
ret = PackageManager.INSTALL_FAILED_INSUFFICIENT_STORAGE;
} else if (loc == PackageHelper.RECOMMEND_FAILED_INVALID_APK) {
ret = PackageManager.INSTALL_FAILED_INVALID_APK;
} else if (loc == PackageHelper.RECOMMEND_FAILED_INVALID_URI) {
ret = PackageManager.INSTALL_FAILED_INVALID_URI;
} else if (loc == PackageHelper.RECOMMEND_MEDIA_UNAVAILABLE) {
ret = PackageManager.INSTALL_FAILED_MEDIA_UNAVAILABLE;
} else {
// Override with defaults if needed.
loc = installLocationPolicy(pkgLite);
if (loc == PackageHelper.RECOMMEND_FAILED_VERSION_DOWNGRADE) {
ret = PackageManager.INSTALL_FAILED_VERSION_DOWNGRADE;
} else if (!onSd && !onInt) {
// Override install location with flags
if (loc == PackageHelper.RECOMMEND_INSTALL_EXTERNAL) {
// Set the flag to install on external media.
installFlags |= PackageManager.INSTALL_EXTERNAL;
installFlags &= ~PackageManager.INSTALL_INTERNAL;
} else {
// Make sure the flag for installing on external
// media is unset
installFlags |= PackageManager.INSTALL_INTERNAL;
installFlags &= ~PackageManager.INSTALL_EXTERNAL;
}
}
}
}
final InstallArgs args = createInstallArgs(this);
mArgs = args;
if (ret == PackageManager.INSTALL_SUCCEEDED) {
/*
* ADB installs appear as UserHandle.USER_ALL, and can only be performed by
* UserHandle.USER_OWNER, so use the package verifier for UserHandle.USER_OWNER.
*/
int userIdentifier = getUser().getIdentifier();
if (userIdentifier == UserHandle.USER_ALL
&& ((installFlags & PackageManager.INSTALL_FROM_ADB) != 0)) {
userIdentifier = UserHandle.USER_OWNER;
}
/*
* Determine if we have any installed package verifiers. If we
* do, then we'll defer to them to verify the packages.
*/
final int requiredUid = mRequiredVerifierPackage == null ? -1
: getPackageUid(mRequiredVerifierPackage, userIdentifier);
if (!origin.existing && requiredUid != -1
&& isVerificationEnabled(userIdentifier, installFlags)) {
final Intent verification = new Intent(
Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_NEEDS_VERIFICATION);
verification.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_RECEIVER_FOREGROUND);
verification.setDataAndType(Uri.fromFile(new File(origin.resolvedPath)),
PACKAGE_MIME_TYPE);
verification.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION);
final List<ResolveInfo> receivers = queryIntentReceivers(verification,
PACKAGE_MIME_TYPE, PackageManager.GET_DISABLED_COMPONENTS,
0 /* TODO: Which userId? */);
if (DEBUG_VERIFY) {
Slog.d(TAG, "Found " + receivers.size() + " verifiers for intent "
+ verification.toString() + " with " + pkgLite.verifiers.length
+ " optional verifiers");
}
final int verificationId = mPendingVerificationToken++;
verification.putExtra(PackageManager.EXTRA_VERIFICATION_ID, verificationId);
verification.putExtra(PackageManager.EXTRA_VERIFICATION_INSTALLER_PACKAGE,
installerPackageName);
verification.putExtra(PackageManager.EXTRA_VERIFICATION_INSTALL_FLAGS,
installFlags);
verification.putExtra(PackageManager.EXTRA_VERIFICATION_PACKAGE_NAME,
pkgLite.packageName);
verification.putExtra(PackageManager.EXTRA_VERIFICATION_VERSION_CODE,
pkgLite.versionCode);
if (verificationParams != null) {
if (verificationParams.getVerificationURI() != null) {
verification.putExtra(PackageManager.EXTRA_VERIFICATION_URI,
verificationParams.getVerificationURI());
}
if (verificationParams.getOriginatingURI() != null) {
verification.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_ORIGINATING_URI,
verificationParams.getOriginatingURI());
}
if (verificationParams.getReferrer() != null) {
verification.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_REFERRER,
verificationParams.getReferrer());
}
if (verificationParams.getOriginatingUid() >= 0) {
verification.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_ORIGINATING_UID,
verificationParams.getOriginatingUid());
}
if (verificationParams.getInstallerUid() >= 0) {
verification.putExtra(PackageManager.EXTRA_VERIFICATION_INSTALLER_UID,
verificationParams.getInstallerUid());
}
}
final PackageVerificationState verificationState = new PackageVerificationState(
requiredUid, args);
mPendingVerification.append(verificationId, verificationState);
final List<ComponentName> sufficientVerifiers = matchVerifiers(pkgLite,
receivers, verificationState);
// Apps installed for "all" users use the device owner to verify the app
UserHandle verifierUser = getUser();
if (verifierUser == UserHandle.ALL) {
verifierUser = UserHandle.OWNER;
}
/*
* If any sufficient verifiers were listed in the package
* manifest, attempt to ask them.
*/
if (sufficientVerifiers != null) {
final int N = sufficientVerifiers.size();
if (N == 0) {
Slog.i(TAG, "Additional verifiers required, but none installed.");
ret = PackageManager.INSTALL_FAILED_VERIFICATION_FAILURE;
} else {
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
final ComponentName verifierComponent = sufficientVerifiers.get(i);
final Intent sufficientIntent = new Intent(verification);
sufficientIntent.setComponent(verifierComponent);
mContext.sendBroadcastAsUser(sufficientIntent, verifierUser);
}
}
}
final ComponentName requiredVerifierComponent = matchComponentForVerifier(
mRequiredVerifierPackage, receivers);
if (ret == PackageManager.INSTALL_SUCCEEDED
&& mRequiredVerifierPackage != null) {
/*
* Send the intent to the required verification agent,
* but only start the verification timeout after the
* target BroadcastReceivers have run.
*/
verification.setComponent(requiredVerifierComponent);
mContext.sendOrderedBroadcastAsUser(verification, verifierUser,
android.Manifest.permission.PACKAGE_VERIFICATION_AGENT,
new BroadcastReceiver() {
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
final Message msg = mHandler
.obtainMessage(CHECK_PENDING_VERIFICATION);
msg.arg1 = verificationId;
mHandler.sendMessageDelayed(msg, getVerificationTimeout());
}
}, null, 0, null, null);
/*
* We don't want the copy to proceed until verification
* succeeds, so null out this field.
*/
mArgs = null;
}
} else {
/*
* No package verification is enabled, so immediately start
* the remote call to initiate copy using temporary file.
*/
ret = args.copyApk(mContainerService, true);
}
}
mRet = ret;
}8． 这里以安装在内部存储为例进行讲解，copyAPK()如下：
8.1 调用PackageInstallerService的allocateInternalStageDirLegacy在data/app下生成临时文件。
8.2 使用服务DefaultContainerService的copyPackage()方法复制文件 到data/app下
8.3 安装应用中自带的native的动态库
int copyApk(IMediaContainerService imcs, boolean temp) throws RemoteException {
if (origin.staged) {
if (DEBUG_INSTALL) Slog.d(TAG, origin.file + " already staged; skipping copy");
codeFile = origin.file;
resourceFile = origin.file;
return PackageManager.INSTALL_SUCCEEDED;
}
try {
final File tempDir = mInstallerService.allocateStageDirLegacy(volumeUuid);
codeFile = tempDir;
resourceFile = tempDir;
} catch (IOException e) {
Slog.w(TAG, "Failed to create copy file: " + e);
return PackageManager.INSTALL_FAILED_INSUFFICIENT_STORAGE;
}
final IParcelFileDescriptorFactory target = new IParcelFileDescriptorFactory.Stub() {
@Override
public ParcelFileDescriptor open(String name, int mode) throws RemoteException {
if (!FileUtils.isValidExtFilename(name)) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid filename: " + name);
}
try {
final File file = new File(codeFile, name);
final FileDescriptor fd = Os.open(file.getAbsolutePath(),
O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0644);
Os.chmod(file.getAbsolutePath(), 0644);
return new ParcelFileDescriptor(fd);
} catch (ErrnoException e) {
throw new RemoteException("Failed to open: " + e.getMessage());
}
}
};
int ret = PackageManager.INSTALL_SUCCEEDED;
ret = imcs.copyPackage(origin.file.getAbsolutePath(), target);
if (ret != PackageManager.INSTALL_SUCCEEDED) {
Slog.e(TAG, "Failed to copy package");
return ret;
}
final File libraryRoot = new File(codeFile, LIB_DIR_NAME);
NativeLibraryHelper.Handle handle = null;
try {
handle = NativeLibraryHelper.Handle.create(codeFile);
ret = NativeLibraryHelper.copyNativeBinariesWithOverride(handle, libraryRoot,
abiOverride);
} catch (IOException e) {
Slog.e(TAG, "Copying native libraries failed", e);
ret = PackageManager.INSTALL_FAILED_INTERNAL_ERROR;
} finally {
IoUtils.closeQuietly(handle);
}
return ret;
}9. 到这一步，copy APK的工作已经完成。下一步是进行APK的处理，即安装APK，调用的是FileInstallArgs的handleReturnCode()方法。handleReturnCode()方法只是调用了processpendingInstall()方法,如下：
@Override
void handleReturnCode() {
// If mArgs is null, then MCS couldn't be reached. When it
// reconnects, it will try again to install. At that point, this
// will succeed.
if (mArgs != null) {
processPendingInstall(mArgs, mRet);
}
}10.processpendingInstall()方法如下：
10.1调用参数InstallArgs的doPreInstall()函数，如没安装成功，则做一些清理工作，如删除创建的目录。
int doPreInstall(int status) {
if (status != PackageManager.INSTALL_SUCCEEDED) {
//清除创建的目录
cleanUp();
}
return status;
}10.2调用installPackageLI()进行APK的安装
10.3调用参数InstallArgs的doPostInstall()函数，如没安装成功，则做一些清理工作，如删除创建的目录。
10.4完成以上步骤表示安装已经完成了，向mHandler发送一个POST_INSTALL消息
private void processPendingInstall(final InstallArgs args, final int currentStatus) {
// Queue up an async operation since the package installation may take a little while.
mHandler.post(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
mHandler.removeCallbacks(this);
// Result object to be returned
PackageInstalledInfo res = new PackageInstalledInfo();
res.returnCode = currentStatus;
res.uid = -1;
res.pkg = null;
res.removedInfo = new PackageRemovedInfo();
if (res.returnCode == PackageManager.INSTALL_SUCCEEDED) {
args.doPreInstall(res.returnCode);
synchronized (mInstallLock) {
installPackageLI(args, res);
}
args.doPostInstall(res.returnCode, res.uid);
}
// A restore should be performed at this point if (a) the install
// succeeded, (b) the operation is not an update, and (c) the new
// package has not opted out of backup participation.
final boolean update = res.removedInfo.removedPackage != null;
final int flags = (res.pkg == null) ? 0 : res.pkg.applicationInfo.flags;
boolean doRestore = !update
&& ((flags & ApplicationInfo.FLAG_ALLOW_BACKUP) != 0);
// Set up the post-install work request bookkeeping. This will be used
// and cleaned up by the post-install event handling regardless of whether
// there's a restore pass performed. Token values are >= 1.
int token;
if (mNextInstallToken < 0) mNextInstallToken = 1;
token = mNextInstallToken++;
PostInstallData data = new PostInstallData(args, res);
mRunningInstalls.put(token, data);
if (DEBUG_INSTALL) Log.v(TAG, "+ starting restore round-trip " + token);
if (res.returnCode == PackageManager.INSTALL_SUCCEEDED && doRestore) {
// Pass responsibility to the Backup Manager. It will perform a
// restore if appropriate, then pass responsibility back to the
// Package Manager to run the post-install observer callbacks
// and broadcasts.
IBackupManager bm = IBackupManager.Stub.asInterface(
ServiceManager.getService(Context.BACKUP_SERVICE));
if (bm != null) {
if (DEBUG_INSTALL) Log.v(TAG, "token " + token
+ " to BM for possible restore");
try {
if (bm.isBackupServiceActive(UserHandle.USER_OWNER)) {
bm.restoreAtInstall(res.pkg.applicationInfo.packageName, token);
} else {
doRestore = false;
}
} catch (RemoteException e) {
// can't happen; the backup manager is local
} catch (Exception e) {
Slog.e(TAG, "Exception trying to enqueue restore", e);
doRestore = false;
}
} else {
Slog.e(TAG, "Backup Manager not found!");
doRestore = false;
}
}
if (!doRestore) {
// No restore possible, or the Backup Manager was mysteriously not
// available -- just fire the post-install work request directly.
if (DEBUG_INSTALL) Log.v(TAG, "No restore - queue post-install for " + token);
Message msg = mHandler.obtainMessage(POST_INSTALL, token, 0);
mHandler.sendMessage(msg);
}
}
});
}11.分析具体的安装函数installPackage()，如下，
11.1调用PackageParser.parsePackage解析APK文件，得到含有APK信息的PackageParser.Packgae对象
11.2根据获取的PackageParser.Packgae对象判断APK是升级还是安装新的应用，若为更新应用，则调用replacePackageLI()，若为安装新的应用，则调用installNewPackageLI()。
private void installPackageLI(InstallArgs args, PackageInstalledInfo res) {
final int installFlags = args.installFlags;
final String installerPackageName = args.installerPackageName;
final String volumeUuid = args.volumeUuid;
final File tmpPackageFile = new File(args.getCodePath());
final boolean forwardLocked = ((installFlags & PackageManager.INSTALL_FORWARD_LOCK) != 0);
final boolean onExternal = (((installFlags & PackageManager.INSTALL_EXTERNAL) != 0)
|| (args.volumeUuid != null));
boolean replace = false;
int scanFlags = SCAN_NEW_INSTALL | SCAN_UPDATE_SIGNATURE;
if (args.move != null) {
// moving a complete application; perfom an initial scan on the new install location
scanFlags |= SCAN_INITIAL;
}
// Result object to be returned
res.returnCode = PackageManager.INSTALL_SUCCEEDED;
if (DEBUG_INSTALL) Slog.d(TAG, "installPackageLI: path=" + tmpPackageFile);
// Retrieve PackageSettings and parse package
final int parseFlags = mDefParseFlags | PackageParser.PARSE_CHATTY
| (forwardLocked ? PackageParser.PARSE_FORWARD_LOCK : 0)
| (onExternal ? PackageParser.PARSE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE : 0);
PackageParser pp = new PackageParser();
pp.setSeparateProcesses(mSeparateProcesses);
pp.setDisplayMetrics(mMetrics);
final PackageParser.Package pkg;
try {
pkg = pp.parsePackage(tmpPackageFile, parseFlags);
} catch (PackageParserException e) {
res.setError("Failed parse during installPackageLI", e);
return;
}
// Mark that we have an install time CPU ABI override.
pkg.cpuAbiOverride = args.abiOverride;
String pkgName = res.name = pkg.packageName;
if ((pkg.applicationInfo.flags&ApplicationInfo.FLAG_TEST_ONLY) != 0) {
if ((installFlags & PackageManager.INSTALL_ALLOW_TEST) == 0) {
res.setError(INSTALL_FAILED_TEST_ONLY, "installPackageLI");
return;
}
}
try {
pp.collectCertificates(pkg, parseFlags);
pp.collectManifestDigest(pkg);
} catch (PackageParserException e) {
res.setError("Failed collect during installPackageLI", e);
return;
}
/* If the installer passed in a manifest digest, compare it now. */
if (args.manifestDigest != null) {
if (DEBUG_INSTALL) {
final String parsedManifest = pkg.manifestDigest == null ? "null"
: pkg.manifestDigest.toString();
Slog.d(TAG, "Comparing manifests: " + args.manifestDigest.toString() + " vs. "
+ parsedManifest);
}
if (!args.manifestDigest.equals(pkg.manifestDigest)) {
res.setError(INSTALL_FAILED_PACKAGE_CHANGED, "Manifest digest changed");
return;
}
} else if (DEBUG_INSTALL) {
final String parsedManifest = pkg.manifestDigest == null
? "null" : pkg.manifestDigest.toString();
Slog.d(TAG, "manifestDigest was not present, but parser got: " + parsedManifest);
}
// Get rid of all references to package scan path via parser.
pp = null;
String oldCodePath = null;
boolean systemApp = false;
synchronized (mPackages) {
// Check if installing already existing package
if ((installFlags & PackageManager.INSTALL_REPLACE_EXISTING) != 0) {
String oldName = mSettings.mRenamedPackages.get(pkgName);
if (pkg.mOriginalPackages != null
&& pkg.mOriginalPackages.contains(oldName)
&& mPackages.containsKey(oldName)) {
// This package is derived from an original package,
// and this device has been updating from that original
// name. We must continue using the original name, so
// rename the new package here.
pkg.setPackageName(oldName);
pkgName = pkg.packageName;
replace = true;
if (DEBUG_INSTALL) Slog.d(TAG, "Replacing existing renamed package: oldName="
+ oldName + " pkgName=" + pkgName);
} else if (mPackages.containsKey(pkgName)) {
// This package, under its official name, already exists
// on the device; we should replace it.
replace = true;
if (DEBUG_INSTALL) Slog.d(TAG, "Replace existing pacakge: " + pkgName);
}
// Prevent apps opting out from runtime permissions
if (replace) {
PackageParser.Package oldPackage = mPackages.get(pkgName);
final int oldTargetSdk = oldPackage.applicationInfo.targetSdkVersion;
final int newTargetSdk = pkg.applicationInfo.targetSdkVersion;
if (oldTargetSdk > Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP_MR1
&& newTargetSdk <= Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP_MR1) {
res.setError(PackageManager.INSTALL_FAILED_PERMISSION_MODEL_DOWNGRADE,
"Package " + pkg.packageName + " new target SDK " + newTargetSdk
+ " doesn't support runtime permissions but the old"
+ " target SDK " + oldTargetSdk + " does.");
return;
}
}
}
PackageSetting ps = mSettings.mPackages.get(pkgName);
if (ps != null) {
if (DEBUG_INSTALL) Slog.d(TAG, "Existing package: " + ps);
// Quick sanity check that we're signed correctly if updating;
// we'll check this again later when scanning, but we want to
// bail early here before tripping over redefined permissions.
if (shouldCheckUpgradeKeySetLP(ps, scanFlags)) {
if (!checkUpgradeKeySetLP(ps, pkg)) {
res.setError(INSTALL_FAILED_UPDATE_INCOMPATIBLE, "Package "
+ pkg.packageName + " upgrade keys do not match the "
+ "previously installed version");
return;
}
} else {
try {
verifySignaturesLP(ps, pkg);
} catch (PackageManagerException e) {
res.setError(e.error, e.getMessage());
return;
}
}
oldCodePath = mSettings.mPackages.get(pkgName).codePathString;
if (ps.pkg != null && ps.pkg.applicationInfo != null) {
systemApp = (ps.pkg.applicationInfo.flags &
ApplicationInfo.FLAG_SYSTEM) != 0;
}
res.origUsers = ps.queryInstalledUsers(sUserManager.getUserIds(), true);
}
// Check whether the newly-scanned package wants to define an already-defined perm
int N = pkg.permissions.size();
for (int i = N-1; i >= 0; i--) {
PackageParser.Permission perm = pkg.permissions.get(i);
BasePermission bp = mSettings.mPermissions.get(perm.info.name);
if (bp != null) {
// If the defining package is signed with our cert, it's okay. This
// also includes the "updating the same package" case, of course.
// "updating same package" could also involve key-rotation.
final boolean sigsOk;
if (bp.sourcePackage.equals(pkg.packageName)
&& (bp.packageSetting instanceof PackageSetting)
&& (shouldCheckUpgradeKeySetLP((PackageSetting) bp.packageSetting,
scanFlags))) {
sigsOk = checkUpgradeKeySetLP((PackageSetting) bp.packageSetting, pkg);
} else {
sigsOk = compareSignatures(bp.packageSetting.signatures.mSignatures,
pkg.mSignatures) == PackageManager.SIGNATURE_MATCH;
}
if (!sigsOk) {
// If the owning package is the system itself, we log but allow
// install to proceed; we fail the install on all other permission
// redefinitions.
if (!bp.sourcePackage.equals("android")) {
res.setError(INSTALL_FAILED_DUPLICATE_PERMISSION, "Package "
+ pkg.packageName + " attempting to redeclare permission "
+ perm.info.name + " already owned by " + bp.sourcePackage);
res.origPermission = perm.info.name;
res.origPackage = bp.sourcePackage;
return;
} else {
Slog.w(TAG, "Package " + pkg.packageName
+ " attempting to redeclare system permission "
+ perm.info.name + "; ignoring new declaration");
pkg.permissions.remove(i);
}
}
}
}
}
if (systemApp && onExternal) {
// Disable updates to system apps on sdcard
res.setError(INSTALL_FAILED_INVALID_INSTALL_LOCATION,
"Cannot install updates to system apps on sdcard");
return;
}
if (args.move != null) {
// We did an in-place move, so dex is ready to roll
scanFlags |= SCAN_NO_DEX;
scanFlags |= SCAN_MOVE;
synchronized (mPackages) {
final PackageSetting ps = mSettings.mPackages.get(pkgName);
if (ps == null) {
res.setError(INSTALL_FAILED_INTERNAL_ERROR,
"Missing settings for moved package " + pkgName);
}
// We moved the entire application as-is, so bring over the
// previously derived ABI information.
pkg.applicationInfo.primaryCpuAbi = ps.primaryCpuAbiString;
pkg.applicationInfo.secondaryCpuAbi = ps.secondaryCpuAbiString;
}
} else if (!forwardLocked && !pkg.applicationInfo.isExternalAsec()) {
// Enable SCAN_NO_DEX flag to skip dexopt at a later stage
scanFlags |= SCAN_NO_DEX;
try {
derivePackageAbi(pkg, new File(pkg.codePath), args.abiOverride,
true /* extract libs */);
} catch (PackageManagerException pme) {
Slog.e(TAG, "Error deriving application ABI", pme);
res.setError(INSTALL_FAILED_INTERNAL_ERROR, "Error deriving application ABI");
return;
}
// Run dexopt before old package gets removed, to minimize time when app is unavailable
int result = mPackageDexOptimizer
.performDexOpt(pkg, null /* instruction sets */, false /* forceDex */,
false /* defer */, false /* inclDependencies */,
true /* boot complete */);
if (result == PackageDexOptimizer.DEX_OPT_FAILED) {
res.setError(INSTALL_FAILED_DEXOPT, "Dexopt failed for " + pkg.codePath);
return;
}
}
if (!args.doRename(res.returnCode, pkg, oldCodePath)) {
res.setError(INSTALL_FAILED_INSUFFICIENT_STORAGE, "Failed rename");
return;
}
startIntentFilterVerifications(args.user.getIdentifier(), replace, pkg);
if (replace) {
replacePackageLI(pkg, parseFlags, scanFlags | SCAN_REPLACING, args.user,
installerPackageName, volumeUuid, res);
} else {
installNewPackageLI(pkg, parseFlags, scanFlags | SCAN_DELETE_DATA_ON_FAILURES,
args.user, installerPackageName, volumeUuid, res);
}
synchronized (mPackages) {
final PackageSetting ps = mSettings.mPackages.get(pkgName);
if (ps != null) {
res.newUsers = ps.queryInstalledUsers(sUserManager.getUserIds(), true);
}
}
}12.分析安装新应用的方法installNewPackageLI()，如下：
12.1调用APK扫描函数scanPackageLI()，这个函数应该比较熟悉，主要做以下几件事情
1.scanPakcageLI()对pkg对象进行处理，主要完成以下几件事情
2.为Package分配UserId或所属的ShareUserId
3.向Installd发送命令，为非系统APK创建已PackageName命名的目录
4.提取Native动态库，并获取CPUABI信息
5.将四大组件的信息保存到PKMS的变量中，方便对外提供统一的组件信息。
12.2调用updateSettingsLI()对安装进行后处理
1.调用updatePermissionsLPw来为前面安装的应用程序分配Linux用户组ID，即授予它们所申请的资源访问权限。
2.调用Settings类的成员函数writeLP将这些应用程序的安装信息保存在本地文件中
private void installNewPackageLI(PackageParser.Package pkg, int parseFlags, int scanFlags,
UserHandle user, String installerPackageName, String volumeUuid,
PackageInstalledInfo res) {
// Remember this for later, in case we need to rollback this install
String pkgName = pkg.packageName;
if (DEBUG_INSTALL) Slog.d(TAG, "installNewPackageLI: " + pkg);
final boolean dataDirExists = Environment
.getDataUserPackageDirectory(volumeUuid, UserHandle.USER_OWNER, pkgName).exists();
synchronized(mPackages) {
if (mSettings.mRenamedPackages.containsKey(pkgName)) {
// A package with the same name is already installed, though
// it has been renamed to an older name. The package we
// are trying to install should be installed as an update to
// the existing one, but that has not been requested, so bail.
res.setError(INSTALL_FAILED_ALREADY_EXISTS, "Attempt to re-install " + pkgName
+ " without first uninstalling package running as "
+ mSettings.mRenamedPackages.get(pkgName));
return;
}
if (mPackages.containsKey(pkgName)) {
// Don't allow installation over an existing package with the same name.
res.setError(INSTALL_FAILED_ALREADY_EXISTS, "Attempt to re-install " + pkgName
+ " without first uninstalling.");
return;
}
}
try {
PackageParser.Package newPackage = scanPackageLI(pkg, parseFlags, scanFlags,
System.currentTimeMillis(), user);
updateSettingsLI(newPackage, installerPackageName, volumeUuid, null, null, res, user);
// delete the partially installed application. the data directory will have to be
// restored if it was already existing
if (res.returnCode != PackageManager.INSTALL_SUCCEEDED) {
// remove package from internal structures. Note that we want deletePackageX to
// delete the package data and cache directories that it created in
// scanPackageLocked, unless those directories existed before we even tried to
// install.
deletePackageLI(pkgName, UserHandle.ALL, false, null, null,
dataDirExists ? PackageManager.DELETE_KEEP_DATA : 0,
res.removedInfo, true);
}
} catch (PackageManagerException e) {
res.setError("Package couldn't be installed in " + pkg.codePath, e);
}
}12 以上步骤完成后，向mHandler发送一个POST_INSTALL消息，POST_INSTALL消息的处理主要就是发送广播，应用安装完成后要通知系统中其他的应用开始处理。
case POST_INSTALL: {
if (DEBUG_INSTALL) Log.v(TAG, "Handling post-install for " + msg.arg1);
PostInstallData data = mRunningInstalls.get(msg.arg1);
mRunningInstalls.delete(msg.arg1);
boolean deleteOld = false;
if (data != null) {
InstallArgs args = data.args;
PackageInstalledInfo res = data.res;
if (res.returnCode == PackageManager.INSTALL_SUCCEEDED) {
final String packageName = res.pkg.applicationInfo.packageName;
res.removedInfo.sendBroadcast(false, true, false);
Bundle extras = new Bundle(1);
extras.putInt(Intent.EXTRA_UID, res.uid);
// Now that we successfully installed the package, grant runtime
// permissions if requested before broadcasting the install.
if ((args.installFlags
& PackageManager.INSTALL_GRANT_RUNTIME_PERMISSIONS) != 0) {
grantRequestedRuntimePermissions(res.pkg, args.user.getIdentifier(),
args.installGrantPermissions);
}
// Determine the set of users who are adding this
// package for the first time vs. those who are seeing
// an update.
int[] firstUsers;
int[] updateUsers = new int[0];
if (res.origUsers == null || res.origUsers.length == 0) {
firstUsers = res.newUsers;
} else {
firstUsers = new int[0];
for (int i=0; i<res.newUsers.length; i++) {
int user = res.newUsers[i];
boolean isNew = true;
for (int j=0; j<res.origUsers.length; j++) {
if (res.origUsers[j] == user) {
isNew = false;
break;
}
}
if (isNew) {
int[] newFirst = new int[firstUsers.length+1];
System.arraycopy(firstUsers, 0, newFirst, 0,
firstUsers.length);
newFirst[firstUsers.length] = user;
firstUsers = newFirst;
} else {
int[] newUpdate = new int[updateUsers.length+1];
System.arraycopy(updateUsers, 0, newUpdate, 0,
updateUsers.length);
newUpdate[updateUsers.length] = user;
updateUsers = newUpdate;
}
}
}
sendPackageBroadcast(Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_ADDED,
packageName, extras, null, null, firstUsers);
final boolean update = res.removedInfo.removedPackage != null;
if (update) {
extras.putBoolean(Intent.EXTRA_REPLACING, true);
}
sendPackageBroadcast(Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_ADDED,
packageName, extras, null, null, updateUsers);
if (update) {
sendPackageBroadcast(Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_REPLACED,
packageName, extras, null, null, updateUsers);
sendPackageBroadcast(Intent.ACTION_MY_PACKAGE_REPLACED,
null, null, packageName, null, updateUsers);
// treat asec-hosted packages like removable media on upgrade
if (res.pkg.isForwardLocked() || isExternal(res.pkg)) {
if (DEBUG_INSTALL) {
Slog.i(TAG, "upgrading pkg " + res.pkg
+ " is ASEC-hosted -> AVAILABLE");
}
int[] uidArray = new int[] { res.pkg.applicationInfo.uid };
ArrayList<String> pkgList = new ArrayList<String>(1);
pkgList.add(packageName);
sendResourcesChangedBroadcast(true, true,
pkgList,uidArray, null);
}
}
if (res.removedInfo.args != null) {
// Remove the replaced package's older resources safely now
deleteOld = true;
}
// If this app is a browser and it's newly-installed for some
// users, clear any default-browser state in those users
if (firstUsers.length > 0) {
// the app's nature doesn't depend on the user, so we can just
// check its browser nature in any user and generalize.
if (packageIsBrowser(packageName, firstUsers[0])) {
synchronized (mPackages) {
for (int userId : firstUsers) {
mSettings.setDefaultBrowserPackageNameLPw(null, userId);
}
}
}
}
// Log current value of "unknown sources" setting
EventLog.writeEvent(EventLogTags.UNKNOWN_SOURCES_ENABLED,
getUnknownSourcesSettings());
}
// Force a gc to clear up things
Runtime.getRuntime().gc();
// We delete after a gc for applications on sdcard.
if (deleteOld) {
synchronized (mInstallLock) {
res.removedInfo.args.doPostDeleteLI(true);
}
}
if (args.observer != null) {
try {
Bundle extras = extrasForInstallResult(res);
args.observer.onPackageInstalled(res.name, res.returnCode,
res.returnMsg, extras);
} catch (RemoteException e) {
Slog.i(TAG, "Observer no longer exists.");
}
}
} else {
Slog.e(TAG, "Bogus post-install token " + msg.arg1);
}
} break;至此，APK安装完成。
最后
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