（基础知识）DataGuard相关指令整理

日常管理

• 备库备份前启动
  CREATE SPFILE FROM PFILE;
  STARTUP NOMOUNT;
  ALTER DATABASE MOUNT STANDBY DATABASE;

• 在备库上,启动REDO APPLY，非实时应用
  ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE DISCONNECT FROM SESSION;

• 在备库上取消应用
  ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE CANCEL;

• 以只读方式打开数据库
  ALTER DATABASE OPEN READ ONLY;

• 在备库11G开启实时应用
  ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE USING CURRENT LOGFILE DISCONNECT;

• 查询是否实时应用
  SELECT RECOVERY_MODE FROM V$ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS;

• 查看当前角色
  SELECT SWITCHOVER_STATUS,DATABASE_ROLE FROM V$DATABASE;

• 查看各个在用归档路径的状态
  SELECT DESTINATION, STATUS, ARCHIVED_THREAD#, ARCHIVED_SEQ# FROM V$ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS WHERE STATUS <> ‘DEFERRED’ AND STATUS <> ‘INACTIVE’;

• 查看归档情况
  SELECT SEQUENCE#,APPLIED FROM V$ARCHIVED_LOG ORDER BY SEQUENCE#;

• 在备库查询连接是否正常
  SELECT NAME, VALUE, DATUM_TIME FROM V$DATAGUARD_STATS;

• 主库查询备库是否存在GAP
  SELECT STATUS, GAP_STATUS FROM V$ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS WHERE DEST_ID = 2;

switchover

• 查询是否可以切换到主库
  SELECT SWITCHOVER_STATUS FROM V$DATABASE;

• 主库
  SHUTDOWN ABORT;
  STARTUP MOUNT;

• 主库启动REDO APPLY，非实时应用
  ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE DISCONNECT FROM SESSION;

• 备库
  SELECT SWITCHOVER_STATUS FROM V$DATABASE;

• 备库切换为主库
  ALTER DATABASE COMMIT TO SWITCHOVER TO PRIMARY WITH SESSION SHUTDOWN;
  ALTER DATABASE OPEN;

• 主库启动REDO APPLY，非实时应用
  ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE DISCONNECT FROM SESSION;

• 备库开启实时查询+实时查询
  ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE CANCEL;
  ALTER DATABASE OPEN;
  ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE USING CURRENT LOGFILE DISCONNECT;

主备拆分

• 拆分DG（在备库上操作）
  ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE CANCEL;
  SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
  STARTUP NOMOUNT;
  ALTER DATABASE MOUNT STANDBY DATABASE;
  ALTER DATABASE ACTIVATE STANDBY DATABASE;
  SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
  STARTUP OPEN;

• 拆分时备库SCN
  SELECT DBMS_FLASHBACK.GET_SYSTEM_CHANGE_NUMBER FROM DUAL;
  START REP1, ATCSN 1271196

实时查询

• 查看数据库模式（只读、可读可写、实时查询等模式）
  SELECT OPEN_MODE FROM V$DATABASE;

• 查看实时查询的时差
  SELECT name, value, datum_time, time_computed FROM V$DATAGUARD_STATS WHERE name like ‘apply lag’;

• 查看实时查询的统计信息
  SELECT * FROM V$STANDBY_EVENT_HISTOGRAM WHERE NAME = ‘apply lag’ AND COUNT > 0;

最后

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