我是靠谱客的博主 无辜航空,最近开发中收集的这篇文章主要介绍Maven,觉得挺不错的,现在分享给大家,希望可以做个参考。

概述

Maven跟Spring没有关系,它们是两个不同的东西,Maven是自动化构建工具,在IDEA中使用Maven是为了更好的管理依赖、构建项目、管理项目信息。

Maven的核心思想:约定大于配置

在java web的开发中,往往需要我们手动导入jar包,随着jar包的大规模增长,手动导入就难以管理。比如SpringBootSpringCloud等框架

  • Nacos 服务注册发现
  • Web 框架环境
  • 图模板技术 Thymeleaf

最终却导入了 106 个 jar 包:

org.springframework.security:spring-security-rsa:jar:1.0.9.RELEASE:compile
com.netflix.ribbon: ribbon:jar:2.3.0:compile
org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf:jar:2.3.6.RELEASE:compile
commons-configuration:commons-configuration:jar:1.8:compile
org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-api:jar:2.13.3:compile
org.springframework:spring-beans:jar:5.2.11.RELEASE:compile
org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon:jar:2.2.6.RELEASE:compile
org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-websocket:jar:9.0.39:compile
com.alibaba.cloud:spring-cloud-alibaba-commons:jar:2.2.6.RELEASE:compile
org.bouncycastle:bcprov-jdk15on:jar:1.64:compile
org.springframework.security:spring-security-crypto:jar:5.3.5.RELEASE:compile
org.apache.httpcomponents:httpasyncclient:jar:4.1.4:compile
com.google.j2objc:j2objc-annotations:jar:1.3:compile
com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind:jar:2.11.3:compile
io.reactivex:rxjava:jar:1.3.8:compile
ch.qos.logback:logback-classic:jar:1.2.3:compile
org.springframework:spring-web:jar:5.2.11.RELEASE:compile
io.reactivex:rxnetty-servo:jar:0.4.9:runtime
org.springframework:spring-core:jar:5.2.11.RELEASE:compile
io.github.openfeign.form:feign-form-spring:jar:3.8.0:compile
io.github.openfeign.form:feign-form:jar:3.8.0:compile
com.netflix.ribbon:ribbon-loadbalancer:jar:2.3.0:compile
org.apache.httpcomponents:httpcore:jar:4.4.13:compile
org.thymeleaf.extras:thymeleaf-extras-java8time:jar:3.0.4.RELEASE:compile
org.slf4j:jul-to-slf4j:jar:1.7.30:compile
com.atguigu.demo:demo09-base-entity:jar:1.0-SNAPSHOT:compile
org.yaml:snakeyaml:jar:1.26:compile
org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-logging:jar:2.3.6.RELEASE:compile
io.reactivex:rxnetty-contexts:jar:0.4.9:runtime
org.apache.httpcomponents:httpclient:jar:4.5.13:compile
io.github.openfeign:feign-core:jar:10.10.1:compile
org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-aop:jar:2.3.6.RELEASE:compile
org.hdrhistogram:HdrHistogram:jar:2.1.9:compile
org.springframework:spring-context:jar:5.2.11.RELEASE:compile
commons-lang:commons-lang:jar:2.6:compile
io.prometheus:simpleclient:jar:0.5.0:compile
ch.qos.logback:logback-core:jar:1.2.3:compile
org.springframework:spring-webmvc:jar:5.2.11.RELEASE:compile
com.sun.jersey:jersey-core:jar:1.19.1:runtime
javax.ws.rs:jsr311-api:jar:1.1.1:runtime
javax.inject:javax.inject:jar:1:runtime
org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-openfeign-core:jar:2.2.6.RELEASE:compile
com.netflix.ribbon:ribbon-core:jar:2.3.0:compile
com.netflix.hystrix:hystrix-core:jar:1.5.18:compile
com.netflix.ribbon:ribbon-transport:jar:2.3.0:runtime
org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-json:jar:2.3.6.RELEASE:compile
org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter-openfeign:jar:2.2.6.RELEASE:compile
com.fasterxml.jackson.module:jackson-module-parameter-names:jar:2.11.3:compile
com.sun.jersey.contribs:jersey-apache-client4:jar:1.19.1:runtime
io.github.openfeign:feign-hystrix:jar:10.10.1:compile
io.github.openfeign:feign-slf4j:jar:10.10.1:compile
com.alibaba.nacos:nacos-client:jar:1.4.2:compile
org.apache.httpcomponents:httpcore-nio:jar:4.4.13:compile
com.sun.jersey:jersey-client:jar:1.19.1:runtime
org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-context:jar:2.2.6.RELEASE:compile
org.glassfish:jakarta.el:jar:3.0.3:compile
org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-to-slf4j:jar:2.13.3:compile
com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype:jackson-datatype-jsr310:jar:2.11.3:compile
org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-commons:jar:2.2.6.RELEASE:compile
org.aspectj:aspectjweaver:jar:1.9.6:compile
com.alibaba.cloud:spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery:jar:2.2.6.RELEASE:compile
com.google.guava:listenablefuture:jar:9999.0-empty-to-avoid-conflict-with-guava:compile
com.alibaba.spring:spring-context-support:jar:1.0.10:compile
jakarta.annotation:jakarta.annotation-api:jar:1.3.5:compile
org.bouncycastle:bcpkix-jdk15on:jar:1.64:compile
com.netflix.netflix-commons:netflix-commons-util:jar:0.3.0:runtime
com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-annotations:jar:2.11.3:compile
com.google.guava:guava:jar:29.0-jre:compile
com.google.guava:failureaccess:jar:1.0.1:compile
org.springframework.boot:spring-boot:jar:2.3.6.RELEASE:compile
com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype:jackson-datatype-jdk8:jar:2.11.3:compile
com.atguigu.demo:demo08-base-api:jar:1.0-SNAPSHOT:compile
org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter-netflix-archaius:jar:2.2.6.RELEASE:compile
org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-autoconfigure:jar:2.3.6.RELEASE:compile
org.slf4j:slf4j-api:jar:1.7.30:compile
commons-io:commons-io:jar:2.7:compile
org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter:jar:2.2.6.RELEASE:compile
org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core:jar:9.0.39:compile
io.reactivex:rxnetty:jar:0.4.9:runtime
com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:jar:2.11.3:compile
com.google.code.findbugs:jsr305:jar:3.0.2:compile
com.netflix.archaius:archaius-core:jar:0.7.6:compile
org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web:jar:2.3.6.RELEASE:compile
commons-codec:commons-codec:jar:1.14:compile
com.netflix.servo:servo-core:jar:0.12.21:runtime
com.google.errorprone:error_prone_annotations:jar:2.3.4:compile
org.attoparser:attoparser:jar:2.0.5.RELEASE:compile
com.atguigu.demo:demo10-base-util:jar:1.0-SNAPSHOT:compile
org.checkerframework:checker-qual:jar:2.11.1:compile
org.thymeleaf:thymeleaf-spring5:jar:3.0.11.RELEASE:compile
commons-fileupload:commons-fileupload:jar:1.4:compile
com.netflix.ribbon:ribbon-httpclient:jar:2.3.0:compile
com.netflix.netflix-commons:netflix-statistics:jar:0.1.1:runtime
org.unbescape:unbescape:jar:1.1.6.RELEASE:compile
org.springframework:spring-jcl:jar:5.2.11.RELEASE:compile
com.alibaba.nacos:nacos-common:jar:1.4.2:compile
commons-collections:commons-collections:jar:3.2.2:runtime
javax.persistence:persistence-api:jar:1.0:compile
com.alibaba.nacos:nacos-api:jar:1.4.2:compile
org.thymeleaf:thymeleaf:jar:3.0.11.RELEASE:compile
org.springframework:spring-aop:jar:5.2.11.RELEASE:compile
org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter:jar:2.3.6.RELEASE:compile
org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-tomcat:jar:2.3.6.RELEASE:compile
org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-netflix-ribbon:jar:2.2.6.RELEASE:compile
org.springframework:spring-expression:jar:5.2.11.RELEASE:compile
org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-netflix-archaius:jar:2.2.6.RELEASE:compile

框架中使用的 jar 包,不仅数量庞大,而且彼此之间存在错综复杂的依赖关系。依赖关系的复杂程度,已经上升到了完全不能靠人力手动解决的程度。另外,jar 包之间有可能产生冲突。进一步增加了我们在 jar 包使用过程中的难度。

在这里插入图片描述

这时使用Maven来导入这些 jar 包只需要配置三个依赖即可:

    <!-- Nacos 服务注册发现启动器 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <!-- web启动器依赖 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <!-- 视图模板技术 thymeleaf -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
    </dependency>

可以不使用Maven,但是构建必须要做。当我们使用IDEA进行开发时,构建是IDEA替我们做的。

脱离IDEA环境仍需构建
在这里插入图片描述

工作原理

IDEA中的Maven

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使用IDEA做开发时,一般直接点击右侧的Maven面板中的相关指令按钮即可进行操作。

当然也可以在终端使用指令来手动执行操作,IDEA默认会把终端路径切换到当前项目的根目录,这里以项目study为例
在这里插入图片描述
执行指令

#编译
mvn compile
#打包
mvn package

在这里插入图片描述在这里插入图片描述

#将打包好的结果存入本地仓库
mvn install

本地仓库路径对应pom.xml文件的三个属性值

    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>study</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

在这里插入图片描述

IDEA使用github

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https://www.dandelioncloud.cn/article/details/1458210805937430529

最后

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