Mockito结合Junit单测使用

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<dependency>
<groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
<artifactId>mockito-all</artifactId>
<version>1.9.5</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

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@RestController
public class UserController {
@Resource
private UserService userService;
public User insertUser(User user){
...
}

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@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
//设置运行环境
public class UserControllerTest {
@InjectMocks	//被测对象
private UserController controller;
@Mock
//注入模拟对象
private UserService userService;
@Test
//方法测试
public void insertUser() throws Exception {
User user = new User();
user.setId(5);
user.setUsername("张三");
user.setAge(18);
user.setPassword("567");
user.setTime(new Date());
//表示当userService执行insert()方法时什么都不做
doNothing().when(userService).insert(user);
controller.insertUser(user);
}
}

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@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
//设置运行环境
public class UserControllerTest {
@InjectMocks	//被测对象
private UserController controller;
@Spy
//注入模拟对象
private UserService userService;
@Mock
private UserMapper userMapper;
@Before
public void setup(){
ReflectionTestUtils.setField(userService,"userMapper", this.userMapper);
}
@Test
//方法测试
public void insertUser() throws Exception {
User user = new User();
user.setId(5);
user.setUsername("张三");
user.setAge(18);
user.setPassword("567");
user.setTime(new Date());
//表示当userService执行insert()方法时什么都不做
doNothing().when(userMapper).insert(user);
controller.insertUser(user);
}
}

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//使用自定义答案存根模拟的示例：
//Answer<T>：T返回值类型，Answer表示一个可获得Mock对象的接口
when(mock.someMethod(anyString())).thenAnswer(
new Answer() {
public Object answer(InvocationOnMock invocation) {
Object[] args = invocation.getArguments();
Object mock = invocation.getMock();
return "called with arguments: " + Arrays.toString(args);
}
});
//stream流式编程
when(mock.someMethod(anyString())).thenAnswer(x->{
Object[] args = invocation.getArguments();
Object mock = invocation.getMock();
return "called with arguments: " + Arrays.toString(args);
})

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1.执行链路不一样
doReturn(5).when(list.get(0));
when(list.get(0)).thenReturn(5);
2.doXXX()可以作用于无返回值的方法
doReturn(5).when(list).add(5);	//不报错
when(list.add(5)).thenReturn(5);	//编译报错
3.对于spy对象建议使用doXXX(),因为spy对象执行方法是真实方法逻辑，使用when()会真实调用该方法而产生不希望出现的错误，如空指针异常等；
而我们通常使用stub就是为了预设数据不走真实方法，doXXX就是这样的逻辑。

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@SpringBootTest
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
public class CustomerOrderControllerTest {
@Autowired
private CustomerOrderController controller;
private MockMvc mockMvc;
private WebApplicationContext applicationContext;
@Before
public void setupMockMvc(){
//参数指定controller则指对该controller获取其相关上下文
//mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(controller).build();
//读取整个web上下文构造Mock
mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(applicationContext).build();
}
@Test
public void exceptionOrderBack() throws Exception {
String json = "{}";
mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.post("/v1/customercenter/customerOrder/exceptionOrderBack")
.contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
.accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
.content(json.getBytes())
).andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk());
}

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<!-- 该依赖中整合了mockito -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

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@SpringBootTest
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
public class UserControllerTest {
@Autowired
private UserController controller;
@SpyBean
private UserService userService;
@MockBean
private UserMapper userMapper;
@Before
public void setupMockMvc(){
ReflectionTestUtils.setField(userService,"userMapper", this.userMapper);
}
@Test
public void insertUser() throws Exception {
when(userMapper.getUserById(1l)).thenReturn(new User());
User user1 = controller.getUser(1l);
//不建议这种打印自己观察的方式进行单元测试，应采用Assert断言方式，这样能一目了然让我们知道测试是否通过
System.out.println(user1);
}
}