codeforces 645D D. Robot Rapping Results Report(拓扑排序+拓扑序记录)

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概述

D. Robot Rapping Results Report

While Farmer John rebuilds his farm in an unfamiliar portion of Bovinia, Bessie is out trying some alternative jobs. In her new gig as a reporter, Bessie needs to know about programming competition results as quickly as possible. When she covers the 2016 Robot Rap Battle Tournament, she notices that all of the robots operate under deterministic algorithms. In particular, robot i will beat robot j if and only if robot i has a higher skill level than robot j. And if robot i beats robot j and robot j beats robot k, then robot i will beat robot k. Since rapping is such a subtle art, two robots can never have the same skill level.

Given the results of the rap battles in the order in which they were played, determine the minimum number of first rap battles that needed to take place before Bessie could order all of the robots by skill level.

Input

The first line of the input consists of two integers, the number of robots n (2 ≤ n ≤ 100 000) and the number of rap battles m ( $\text{[math]}$ ).

The next m lines describe the results of the rap battles in the order they took place. Each consists of two integers ui and vi(1 ≤ ui, vi ≤ n, ui ≠ vi), indicating that robot ui beat robot vi in the i-th rap battle. No two rap battles involve the same pair of robots.

It is guaranteed that at least one ordering of the robots satisfies all m relations.

Output

Print the minimum k such that the ordering of the robots by skill level is uniquely defined by the first k rap battles. If there exists more than one ordering that satisfies all m relations, output -1.

Examples

input

output

input

3 2
1 2
3 2

output

-1

Note

In the first sample, the robots from strongest to weakest must be (4, 2, 1, 3), which Bessie can deduce after knowing the results of the first four rap battles.

In the second sample, both (1, 3, 2) and (3, 1, 2) are possible orderings of the robots from strongest to weakest after both rap battles.

题意：问给你一些数对,第一个数在第二个数的前边,问是否能确定唯一的拓扑序,如果能问前多少数对就能确定,不能输出-1;

思路：把图和每个点的入度存好后就找入度为0的点,再把与这个点能到其他的点的入度-1;一直到所有点的入度都为0,可以用队列存入度为0的点进行优化;如果队列的元素多于1个就输出-1;还有就是把两个拓扑序相邻的点的这条边存起来,最后遍历一遍输入的信息,恰好把这些边减完就是最少的数对数量了

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
const int N=1e5+4;
int a[N],b[N],n,m,ind[N],mp[N];
queue<int>qu;
vector<int>v[N];
int main()
{
scanf("%d%d",&n,&m);
for(int i=1;i<=m;i++)
{
scanf("%d%d",&a[i],&b[i]);
//mp[a[i]][b[i]]=1;
ind[b[i]]++;
v[a[i]].push_back(b[i]);
}
int num=0,cnt=0;
for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
{
if(!ind[i])
{
num++;
qu.push(i);
}
}
while(!qu.empty())
{
if(num>1)
{
cout<<"-1";
return 0;
}
int x=qu.front();
qu.pop();
num--;
int len=v[x].size();
for(int j=0;j<len;j++)
{
int t=v[x][j];
ind[t]--;
if(!ind[t])
{
qu.push(t);
num++;
mp[t]=x;
cnt++;
}
}
}
for(int i=1;i<=m;i++)
{
if(mp[b[i]]==a[i])
{
cnt--;
if(cnt==0)
{
cout<<i<<"n";
break;
}
}
}
return 0;
}