springcloud消费者:rest+ribbon & Feign

springcloud消费者:rest+ribbon & Feign
在微服务架构中，业务都会被拆分成一个独立的服务，服务与服务的通讯是基于http restful的。Spring cloud有两种服务调用方式，一种是ribbon+restTemplate，另一种是feign。
一、feign
Feign 采用的是基于接口的注解。Feign 整合了ribbon，具有负载均衡的能力。
整合了Hystrix，具有熔断的能力。
(1)、新建一个maven工程,pom配置如下:

<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Edgware.SR4</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>

(2)application.yml配置

eureka:
client:
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
server:
port: 8765
spring:
application:
name: service-feign

(3)FeignApplication代码,@EnableFeignClients注解开启Feign的功能

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
@EnableEurekaClient
public class FeignApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(FeignApplication.class, args);
}
}

(4)定义一个feign接口，通过@ FeignClient（“服务名”），来指定调用哪个服务。比如在代码中调用了service-hi服务的“/hi”接口

@FeignClient(value = "service-hi")
public interface SchedualServiceHi {
@RequestMapping(value = "/hi",method = RequestMethod.GET)
String sayHiFromClientOne(@RequestParam(value = "name") String name);
}

(5)controller类通过定义的Feign客户端SchedualServiceHi 来消费服务。

@RestController
public class HiController {
@Autowired
SchedualServiceHi schedualServiceHi;
@GetMapping(value = "/hi")
public String sayHi(@RequestParam String name) {
return schedualServiceHi.sayHiFromClientOne( name );
}
}

二、ribbon
(1)、新建一个maven工程,pom配置如下:

<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.15.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Edgware.SR4</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>

(2)application.yml配置如下:

eureka:
client:
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
server:
port: 8764
spring:
application:
name: service-ribbon

(3)ServiceRibbonApplication类代码

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class ServiceRibbonApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run( ServiceRibbonApplication.class, args );
}
@Bean
@LoadBalanced
RestTemplate restTemplate() {
return new RestTemplate();
}
}

(4)HelloService类代码

@Service
public class HelloService {
@Autowired
RestTemplate restTemplate;
public String hiService(String name) {
return restTemplate.getForObject("http://SERVICE-HI/hi?name="+name,String.class);
}
}

(5)HelloControler代码

@RestController
public class HelloController {
@Autowired
HelloService helloService;
@GetMapping(value = "/hi")
public String hi(@RequestParam String name) {
return helloService.hiService( name );
}
}

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