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/***********************************************************************
* _objc_init
* Bootstrap initialization. Registers our image notifier with dyld.
* Old ABI: called by dyld as a library initializer
* New ABI: called by libSystem BEFORE library initialization time
**********************************************************************/

void _objc_init(void)
{
    ......
    // Register for unmap first, in case some +load unmaps something
    _dyld_register_func_for_remove_image(&unmap_image);
    dyld_register_image_state_change_handler(dyld_image_state_bound,
                                             1/*batch*/, &map_2_images);
    dyld_register_image_state_change_handler(dyld_image_state_dependents_initialized, 0/*not batch*/, &load_images);
}

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const char *load_images(enum dyld_image_states state, uint32_t infoCount, const struct dyld_image_info infoList[])
{
    bool found;
    // Return without taking locks if there are no +load methods here.
    found = false;
    ......
    // Discover load methods
    {
        rwlock_writer_t lock2(runtimeLock);
        //先load images
        found = load_images_nolock(state, infoCount, infoList);
    }

    // Call +load methods (without runtimeLock - re-entrant)
    if (found) {
               //然后调用类的+load方法
        call_load_methods();
    }
    return nil;
}

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void prepare_load_methods(const headerType *mhdr)
{
    size_t count, i;

    runtimeLock.assertWriting();

    classref_t *classlist = 
        _getObjc2NonlazyClassList(mhdr, &count);
    for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
        schedule_class_load(remapClass(classlist[i]));
    }

    category_t **categorylist = _getObjc2NonlazyCategoryList(mhdr, &count);
    for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
        category_t *cat = categorylist[i];
        Class cls = remapClass(cat->cls);
        if (!cls) continue;  // category for ignored weak-linked class
        realizeClass(cls);
        assert(cls->ISA()->isRealized());
        add_category_to_loadable_list(cat);
    }
}

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static void schedule_class_load(Class cls)
{
    if (!cls) return;
    assert(cls->isRealized());  // _read_images should realize

    if (cls->data()->flags & RW_LOADED) return;

    // Ensure superclass-first ordering
    schedule_class_load(cls->superclass);

    add_class_to_loadable_list(cls);
    cls->setInfo(RW_LOADED); 
}

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void call_load_methods(void)
{
    static bool loading = NO;
    bool more_categories;

    loadMethodLock.assertLocked();

    // Re-entrant calls do nothing; the outermost call will finish the job.
    if (loading) return;
    loading = YES;

    void *pool = objc_autoreleasePoolPush();

    do {
        // 1. Repeatedly call class +loads until there aren't any more
        while (loadable_classes_used > 0) {
            call_class_loads();
        }

        // 2. Call category +loads ONCE
        more_categories = call_category_loads();

        // 3. Run more +loads if there are classes OR more untried categories
    } while (loadable_classes_used > 0  ||  more_categories);

    objc_autoreleasePoolPop(pool);

    loading = NO;
}

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IMP lookUpImpOrForward(Class cls, SEL sel, id inst, 
                       bool initialize, bool cache, bool resolver)
{
    Class curClass;
    IMP imp = nil;
    ...
    if (initialize  &&  !cls->isInitialized()) {
        // 类没有初始化时，对类进行初始化
        _class_initialize (_class_getNonMetaClass(cls, inst));
        // If sel == initialize, _class_initialize will send +initialize and 
        // then the messenger will send +initialize again after this 
        // procedure finishes. Of course, if this is not being called 
        // from the messenger then it won't happen. 2778172
    }

    ...
}

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void _class_initialize(Class cls)
{
    assert(!cls->isMetaClass());

    Class supercls;
    BOOL reallyInitialize = NO;

    // Make sure super is done initializing BEFORE beginning to initialize cls.
    // See note about deadlock above.
    supercls = cls->superclass;
    // 递归调用，对父类进行_class_initialize调用，确保父类的initialize方法比子类先调用
    if (supercls  &&  !supercls->isInitialized()) {
        _class_initialize(supercls);
    }

    ......

    if (reallyInitialize) {
        // We successfully set the CLS_INITIALIZING bit. Initialize the class.

        // Record that we're initializing this class so we can message it.
        _setThisThreadIsInitializingClass(cls);

        // Send the +initialize message.
        // Note that +initialize is sent to the superclass (again) if 
        // this class doesn't implement +initialize. 2157218
        if (PrintInitializing) {
            _objc_inform("INITIALIZE: calling +[%s initialize]",
                         cls->nameForLogging());
        }
        // 发送调用类方法initialize的消息
        ((void(*)(Class, SEL))objc_msgSend)(cls, SEL_initialize);

        ......
}

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+ (void)initialize{
    if (self == [ClassName class]) {
        ......
    }
}