OpenCV4.2.0 在Deepin15下编译静态库

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我是靠谱客的博主矮小小笼包，最近开发中收集的这篇文章主要介绍OpenCV4.2.0 在Deepin15下编译静态库，觉得挺不错的，现在分享给大家，希望可以做个参考。

概述

内容参考

OpenCV静态库编译与链接

零、预置条件

Required Packages

GCC 4.4.x or later
CMake 2.8.7 or higher
Git
GTK+2.x or higher, including headers (libgtk2.0-dev)
pkg-config
Python 2.6 or later and Numpy 1.5 or later with developer packages (python-dev, python-numpy)
ffmpeg or libav development packages: libavcodec-dev, libavformat-dev, - - libswscale-dev
[optional] libtbb2 libtbb-dev
[optional] libdc1394 2.x
[optional] libjpeg-dev, libpng-dev, libtiff-dev, libjasper-dev, libdc1394-22-dev
[optional] CUDA Toolkit 6.5 or higher

The packages can be installed using a terminal and the following commands or by using Synaptic Manager:

[compiler] sudo apt-get install build-essential
[required] sudo apt-get install cmake git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev
[optional] sudo apt-get install python-dev python-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev libjasper-dev libdc1394-22-dev

官方说明：
https://docs.opencv.org/4.2.0/d7/d9f/tutorial_linux_install.html

3rdparty GitHub 地址：
https://github.com/opencv/opencv_3rdparty/branches/all

一、编译库

下载源码解压，并添加 static_release 文件夹
进入 static_release文件夹，执行命令：

sudo cmake .. -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE 
-D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local 
-D BUILD_JASPER=ON 
-D BUILD_JAVA=OFF 
-D BUILD_JPEG=ON 
-D BUILD_PERF_TESTS=OFF 
-D BUILD_PNG=ON 
-D BUILD_PROTOBUF=ON 
-D BUILD_SHARED_LIBS=NO 
-D BUILD_TESTS=OFF 
-D BUILD_TIFF=ON 
-D BUILD_ZLIB=ON 
-D BUILD_WEBP=ON 
-D BUILD_opencv_apps=OFF 
-D BUILD_opencv_core=ON 
-D BUILD_opencv_calib3d=ON 
-D BUILD_opencv_dnn=ON 
-D BUILD_opencv_features2d=ON 
-D BUILD_opencv_flann=ON 
-D BUILD_opencv_gapi=OFF 
-D BUILD_opencv_highgui=ON 
-D BUILD_opencv_imgcodecs=ON 
-D BUILD_opencv_imgproc=ON 
-D BUILD_opencv_java_bindings_generator=OFF 
-D BUILD_opencv_js=OFF 
-D BUILD_opencv_ml=ON 
-D BUILD_opencv_objdetect=OFF 
-D BUILD_opencv_photo=OFF 
-D BUILD_opencv_python2=OFF 
-D BUILD_opencv_python3=OFF 
-D BUILD_opencv_python_bindings_generator=OFF 
-D BUILD_opencv_stitching=OFF 
-D BUILD_opencv_ts=OFF 
-D BUILD_opencv_video=OFF 
-D BUILD_opencv_videoio=OFF 
-D WITH_GTK=OFF 
-D WITH_GTK_2_X=OFF 
-D WITH_LAPACK=OFF

opencv依赖第三方的库，所以当把opencv编译成静态库的时候，注意要把它运行时必要的依赖库也编译进来，opencv源码内有自己的3rdparty，主要有：libjpeg、libpng、libtiff、libzlib、libwebp、libprotobuf、ffmpeg（用到video时编译）、libgtk（用于显示界面显示，服务器部署不会用到），可以通过cmake -LA来查看配置的编译信息，再根据信息考虑把opencv的哪些module编译进来。

可能用到的其它库

sudo apt-get -y install libopencv-dev build-essential cmake git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config python-dev python-numpy libdc1394-22 libdc1394-22-dev libjpeg-dev libpng12-dev libtiff5-dev libjasper-dev libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libxine2-dev libgstreamer0.10-dev libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-dev libv4l-dev libtbb-dev libqt4-dev libfaac-dev libmp3lame-dev libopencore-amrnb-dev libopencore-amrwb-dev libtheora-dev libvorbis-dev libxvidcore-dev x264v4l-utils unzip
sudo apt-get install libgtk-3-dev
sudo apt-get -y install libavresample-dev
sudo apt-get -y install libgphoto2-dev
sudo apt-get install libopenblas-dev
sudo apt install libgstreamer1.0-dev libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-dev
sudo apt-get install python3-dev python3-pip python3-tk python3-lxml python3-six

执行 sudo make -j4 和 sudo make install

编译期间遇到的问题（处理方法参考下面链接）

1、第三方依赖无法下载成功的问题
简单操作就是去看 CMakeDownloadLog.txt 下的错误提示，然后去修改。

【OpenCV】编译OpenCV时，FFmpeg或ippicv下载不成功的解决方案，以及其它可能下载不成功问题的解决方案

二、使用库

链接时指定opencv的静态库以及依赖的库。另外需要注意头文件的问题，通过CMakeLists把opencv加入项目编译时，由于opencv编译完成后要install才会把所用的头文件集中拷贝到一个地方，所以事先将头文件拷贝到了项目的opencv目录下。

set(opencv_libs
#项目用到的库
opencv_core
opencv_dnn
opencv_imgproc
opencv_imgcodecs
opencv_ml
opencv_calib3d
opencv_highgui
zlib
libjasper
libjpeg-turbo
libpng
libtiff
IlmImf
libprotobuf
libwebp)
#编译opencv
add_subdirectory(${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/3rdparty/opencv-3.14)
#增加头文件路径
include_directories(${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/3rdparty/opencv-3.14/include)
#链接opencv静态库
target_link_libraries(demo ${opencv_libs} -lrt -lpthread)