概述
这篇是一例oom killer日志的具体分析,有疑问的可以先看上一篇:
oom killer理解和日志分析:知识储备i
下面是一台8G内存上的一次oom killer的日志,上面跑的是RocketMQ 3.2.6,java堆配置:-server -Xms4g -Xmx4g -Xmn2g -XX:PermSize=128m -XX:MaxPermSize=320m
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: AliYunDun invoked oom-killer: gfp_mask=0x201da, order=0, oom_score_adj=0
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: AliYunDun cpuset=/ mems_allowed=0
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: active_anon:1813257 inactive_anon:37301 isolated_anon:0 active_file:84 inactive_file:0 isolated_file:0 unevictable:0 dirty:0 writeback:0 unstable:0 free:23900 slab_reclaimable:34218 slab_unreclaimable:5636 mapped:1252 shmem:100531 pagetables:68092 bounce:0 free_cma:0
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: Node 0 DMA free:15900kB min:132kB low:164kB high:196kB active_anon:0kB inactive_anon:0kB active_file:0kB inactive_file:0kB unevictable:0kB isolated(anon):0kB isolated(file):0kB present:15992kB managed:15908kB mlocked:0kB dirty:0kB writeback:0kB mapped:0kB shmem:0kB slab_reclaimable:0kB slab_unreclaimable:8kB kernel_stack:0kB pagetables:0kB unstable:0kB bounce:0kB free_cma:0kB writeback_tmp:0kB pages_scanned:0 all_unreclaimable? yes
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: lowmem_reserve[]: 0 2801 7792 7792
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: Node 0 DMA32 free:43500kB min:24252kB low:30312kB high:36376kB
active_anon:2643608kB(2.5G) inactive_anon:61560kB active_file:40kB inactive_file:40kB unevictable:0kB isolated(anon):0kB isolated(file):0kB present:3129216kB managed:2869240kB mlocked:0kB dirty:0kB writeback:0kB mapped:748kB shmem:160024kB slab_reclaimable:54996kB slab_unreclaimable:6816kB kernel_stack:704kB pagetables:67440kB unstable:0kB bounce:0kB free_cma:0kB writeback_tmp:0kB pages_scanned:275 all_unreclaimable? yes
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 4990 4990
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: Node 0 Normal free:36200kB min:43192kB low:53988kB high:64788kB
active_anon:4609420kB(4.3G) inactive_anon:87644kB active_file:296kB inactive_file:0kB unevictable:0kB isolated(anon):0kB isolated(file):0kB present:5242880kB managed:5110124kB mlocked:0kB dirty:0kB writeback:0kB mapped:4260kB shmem:242100kB slab_reclaimable:81876kB slab_unreclaimable:15720kB kernel_stack:1808kB pagetables:204928kB unstable:0kB bounce:0kB free_cma:0kB writeback_tmp:0kB pages_scanned:511 all_unreclaimable? yes
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 0 0
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: Node 0 DMA: 1*4kB (U) 1*8kB (U) 1*16kB (U) 0*32kB 2*64kB (U) 1*128kB (U) 1*256kB (U) 0*512kB 1*1024kB (U) 1*2048kB (R) 3*4096kB (M) = 15900kB
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: Node 0 DMA32: 1281*4kB (UEM) 825*8kB (UEM) 1404*16kB (UEM) 290*32kB (EM) 0*64kB 0*128kB 0*256kB 0*512kB 0*1024kB 0*2048kB 0*4096kB = 43468kB
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: Node 0 Normal: 1441*4kB (UEM) 3177*8kB (UEM) 315*16kB (UEM) 0*32kB 0*64kB 0*128kB 0*256kB 0*512kB 0*1024kB 0*2048kB 0*4096kB = 36220kB
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: Node 0 hugepages_total=0 hugepages_free=0 hugepages_surp=0 hugepages_size=2048kB
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: 100592 total pagecache pages
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: 0 pages in swap cache
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: Swap cache stats: add 0, delete 0, find 0/0
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: Free swap = 0kB
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: Total swap = 0kB
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: 2097151 pages RAM
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: 94167 pages reserved
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: 284736 pages shared
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: 1976069 pages non-shared
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: [ pid ] uid tgid total_vm rss nr_ptes swapents oom_score_adj name
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: [ 338] 0 338 10748 844 25 0 0 systemd-journal
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: [ 351] 0 351 26113 61 20 0 0 lvmetad
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: [ 368] 0 368 10509 149 23 0 -1000 systemd-udevd
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: [ 521] 0 521 170342 908 178 0 0 rsyslogd
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: [ 525] 0 525 8671 82 21 0 0 systemd-logind
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: [ 526] 81 526 7157 96 19 0 -900 dbus-daemon
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: [ 530] 0 530 31575 162 17 0 0 crond
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: [ 540] 28 540 160978 131 37 0 0 nscd
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: [ 548] 0 548 27501 30 10 0 0 agetty
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: [ 588] 0 588 1621 26 9 0 0 iprinit
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: [ 590] 0 590 1621 25 9 0 0 iprupdate
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: [ 601] 0 601 9781 23 8 0 0 iprdump
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: [ 838] 38 838 7399 169 18 0 0 ntpd
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: [ 881] 0 881 386 44 4 0 0 aliyun-service
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: [ 5973] 1000 5973 41595 165 32 0 0 gmond
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: [ 3829] 0 3829 33413 292 67 0 0 sshd
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: [ 3831] 1000 3831 33582 476 68 0 0 sshd
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: [ 3832] 1000 3832 29407 622 16 0 0 bash
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: [14638] 0 14638 20697 210 42 0 -1000 sshd
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: [11531] 0 11531 33413 293 66 0 0 sshd
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: [11533] 1000 11533 33413 292 64 0 0 sshd
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: [11534] 1000 11534 29361 584 15 0 0 bash
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: [ 3172] 0 3172 6338 161 17 0 0 AliYunDunUpdate
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: [ 3224] 0 3224 32867 2270 61 0 0 AliYunDun
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: [ 5417] 1000 5417 28279 51 14 0 0 sh
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: [ 5421] 1000 5421 28279 53 13 0 0 sh
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: [ 5424] 1000 5424 36913689 1537770 66407 0 0 java
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: [17132] 0 17132 21804 215 44 0 0 zabbix_agentd
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: [17133] 0 17133 21804 285 43 0 0 zabbix_agentd
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: [17134] 0 17134 21866 290 44 0 0 zabbix_agentd
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: [17135] 0 17135 21866 290 44 0 0 zabbix_agentd
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: [17136] 0 17136 21841 290 44 0 0 zabbix_agentd
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: [17137] 0 17137 21804 245 43 0 0 zabbix_agentd
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: [13669] 1000 13669 28279 51 14 0 0 sh
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: [13673] 1000 13673 28279 50 13 0 0 sh
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: [13675] 1000 13675 879675 204324 494 0 0 java
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: Out of memory: Kill process 5424 (java) score 800 or sacrifice child
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: Killed process 5424 (java) total-vm:147654756kB, anon-rss:6151080kB, file-rss:0kB
还是跟上篇一样,带着问题看
1.谁申请内存以及谁被kill了?
这两个问题,可以从头部和尾部的日志分析出来:
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: AliYunDun invoked oom-killer: gfp_mask=0x201da, order=0, oom_score_adj=0
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: Killed process 5424 (java) total-vm:147654756kB, anon-rss:6151080kB, file-rss:0kB
AliYunDun申请内存,kill掉了java进程5424,他占用的内存是6151080K(5.8G)
还有一个小问题可能会有疑问,那就是进程5424的RSS(1537770)明明小于6151080,实际是因为这里的RSS是4K位单位的,所以要乘以4,算出来就对了
物理内存申请我们在上一篇分析了,会到不同的Node不同的zone,那么这次申请的是哪一部分?这个可以从gfp_mask=0x201da, order=0分析出来,gfp_mask(get free page)是申请内存的时候,会传的一个标记位,里面包含三个信息:区域修饰符、行为修饰符、类型修饰符:
0X201da = 0x20000 | 0x100| 0x80 | 0x40 | 0x10 | 0x08 | 0x02
也就是下面几个值:
___GFP_HARDWAL | ___GFP_COLD | ___GFP_FS | ___GFP_IO | ___GFP_MOVABLE| ___GFP_HIGHMEM
同时设置了___GFP_MOVABLE和___GFP_HIGHMEM会扫描ZONE_MOVABLE,其实也就是会在ZONE_NORMAL,再贴一次神图
另外order表示了本次申请内存的大小0,也就是4KB
也就是说AliYunDun尝试从ZONE_NORMAL申请4KB的内存,但是失败了,导致了OOM KILLER
2.各个zone的情况如何?
接下来,自然就会问,连4KB都没有,那到底还有多少?看这部分日志:
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: Node 0 DMA free:15900kB min:132kB low:164kB high:196kB active_anon:0kB inactive_anon:0kB active_file:0kB inactive_file:0kB unevictable:0kB isolated(anon):0kB isolated(file):0kB present:15992kB managed:15908kB mlocked:0kB dirty:0kB writeback:0kB mapped:0kB shmem:0kB slab_reclaimable:0kB slab_unreclaimable:8kB kernel_stack:0kB pagetables:0kB unstable:0kB bounce:0kB free_cma:0kB writeback_tmp:0kB pages_scanned:0 all_unreclaimable? yes
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: lowmem_reserve[]: 0 2801 7792 7792
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: Node 0 DMA32 free:43500kB min:24252kB low:30312kB high:36376kB
active_anon:2643608kB(2.5G) inactive_anon:61560kB active_file:40kB inactive_file:40kB unevictable:0kB isolated(anon):0kB isolated(file):0kB present:3129216kB managed:2869240kB mlocked:0kB dirty:0kB writeback:0kB mapped:748kB shmem:160024kB slab_reclaimable:54996kB slab_unreclaimable:6816kB kernel_stack:704kB pagetables:67440kB unstable:0kB bounce:0kB free_cma:0kB writeback_tmp:0kB pages_scanned:275 all_unreclaimable? yes
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 4990 4990
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: Node 0 Normal free:36200kB min:43192kB low:53988kB high:64788kB
active_anon:4609420kB(4.3G) inactive_anon:87644kB active_file:296kB inactive_file:0kB unevictable:0kB isolated(anon):0kB isolated(file):0kB present:5242880kB managed:5110124kB mlocked:0kB dirty:0kB writeback:0kB mapped:4260kB shmem:242100kB slab_reclaimable:81876kB slab_unreclaimable:15720kB kernel_stack:1808kB pagetables:204928kB unstable:0kB bounce:0kB free_cma:0kB writeback_tmp:0kB pages_scanned:511 all_unreclaimable? yes
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 0 0
可以看到Normal还有36200KB,DMA32还有43500KB,DMA还有15900KB,其中Normal的free确实小于min,但是DMA32和DMA的free没问题啊?从上篇文章分析来看,分配是有链条的,Normal不够了,会从DMA32以及DMA去请求分配,所以为什么分配失败了呢?
2.1 lowmem_reserve
虽然说分配内存会按照Normal、DMA32、DMA的顺序去分配,但是低端内存相对来说更宝贵些,为了防止低端内存被高端内存用完,linux设计了保护机制,也就是lowmen_reserve,从上面的日志看,他们的值是这样的:
DMA(index=0): lowmem_reserve[]:0 2801 7792 7792
DMA32(index=1): lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 4990 4990
Normal(index=2): lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 0 0
lowmen_reserve的值是一个数组,当Normal(index=2)像DMA32申请内存的时候,需要满足条件:DMA32 high+lowmem_reserve[2] < free,才能申请,来算下:
Normal:从自己这里申请,free(36200) < min(43192),所以申请失败了(watermark[min]以下的内存属于系统的自留内存,用以满足特殊使用,所以不会给用户态的普通申请来用)
Normal转到DMA32申请:high(36376KB) + lowmem_reserve2*4=56336KB > DMA32 Free(43500KB),不允许申请
Normal转到DMA申请:high(196KB) + lowmem_reserve2*4 = 31364KB > DMA Free(15900KB),不允许申请,所以…最终失败了
2.2 min_free_kbytes
这里属于扩展知识了,和分析oom问题不大
我们知道了每个区都有min、low、high,那他们是怎么计算出来的,就是根据min_free_kbytes计算出来的,他本身在系统初始化的时候计算,最小128K,最大64M
watermark[min] = min_free_kbytes换算为page单位即可,假设为min_free_pages。(因为是每个zone各有一套watermark参数,实际计算效果是根据各个zone大小所占内存总大小的比例,而算出来的per zone min_free_pages)
watermark[low] = watermark[min] * 5 / 4
watermark[high] = watermark[min] * 3 / 2
min 和 low的区别:
min下的内存是保留给内核使用的;当到达min,会触发内存的direct reclaim
low水位比min高一些,当内存可用量小于low的时候,会触发 kswapd回收内存,当kswapd慢慢的将内存 回收到high水位,就开始继续睡眠
3.最后的问题:java为什么占用了这么多内存?
内存不足申请失败的细节都分析清楚了,剩下的问题就是为什么java会申请这么多内存(5.8G),明明-Xmx配置的是4G,加上PermSize,也就最多4.3G。
因为这上面跑的是RocketMQ,他会有文件映射mmap,所以在仔细分析oom日志之前,怀疑是pagecache占用,导致RSS为5.8G,这带来了另一个问题,为什么pagecache没有回收?分析了日志以后,发现和pagecache基本没关系,看这个日志(换行是我后来加上的):
Jun 4 17:19:10 iZ23tpcto8eZ kernel: active_anon:1813257 inactive_anon:37301 isolated_anon:0 active_file:84
inactive_file:0 isolated_file:0
unevictable:0 dirty:0 writeback:0
unstable:0 free:23900
slab_reclaimable:34218
slab_unreclaimable:5636 mapped:1252
shmem:100531 pagetables:68092 bounce:0
free_cma:0
当时的内存大部分都是活跃的匿名页(active_anon 18132574KB=6.9G),其他的非活跃匿名页(inactive_anon 145M),活跃文件页(active_file 844=336KB),非活跃文件页(inactive_file 0),也就是说当时基本没有pagecache,因为pagecache会属于文件页
最后
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