Nginx作为HTTP服务器--Nginx配置图片服务器

 

首先安装nginx安装环境

nginx是C语言开发，建议在linux上运行，本教程使用Centos6.5作为安装环境。

--> gcc

安装nginx需要先将官网下载的源码进行编译，编译依赖gcc环境，如果没有gcc环境，需要安装gcc：

 

复制代码yum install gcc-c++

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yum install gcc-c++

 

--> PCRE

PCRE(Perl Compatible Regular Expressions)是一个Perl库，包括 perl 兼容的正则表达式库。nginx的http模块使用pcre来解析正则表达式，所以需要在linux上安装pcre库。

复制代码yum install -y pcre pcre-devel

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yum install -y pcre pcre-devel

注：pcre-devel是使用pcre开发的一个二次开发库。nginx也需要此库。

--> zlib

zlib库提供了很多种压缩和解压缩的方式，nginx使用zlib对http包的内容进行gzip，所以需要在linux上安装zlib库。

复制代码yum install -y zlib zlib-devel

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yum install -y zlib zlib-devel

--> openssl

OpenSSL 是一个强大的安全套接字层密码库，囊括主要的密码算法、常用的密钥和证书封装管理功能及SSL协议，并提供丰富的应用程序供测试或其它目的使用。

nginx不仅支持http协议，还支持https（即在ssl协议上传输http），所以需要在linux安装openssl库。

复制代码yum install -y openssl openssl-devel

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yum install -y openssl openssl-devel

然后安装nginx

到Nginx官网下载tar.gz格式的安装包，这里下载的是nginx-1.10.3版本，环境使用centos的虚拟机

1、将安装包上传，解压，命令tar -zxvf nginx-1.10.3.tar.gz

2、自定义创建一个文件夹作为Nginx安装目录，这里在home下创建nginx文件夹；

 

3、在解压的文件夹（nginx-1.10.3）下执行./configure --prefix=/home/nginx 命令。 
意思即配置安装环境，将会把Nginx安装到/home/nginx下；

4、编译：在解压的文件夹下先后执行make 和 make install 命令

执行make

 

 

然后执行make install

 

 

5、Nginx默认使用端口是80，这里直接先把Nginx端口改为8088，

vi /home/nginx/conf/nginx.conf，修改server的端口，并配置一个图片服务器

 

复制代码#user nobody; worker_processes 1; #error_log logs/error.log; #error_log logs/error.log notice; #error_log logs/error.log info; #pid logs/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; #log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' # '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' # '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; #access_log logs/access.log main; sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on; #keepalive_timeout 0; keepalive_timeout 65; #gzip on; server { listen 8080;#写内网端口，访问时用外网端口进行映射访问 server_name localhost; #charset koi8-r; #access_log logs/host.access.log main; location ~ .*.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png)$ { expires 24h; root /home/images/;#指定图片存放路径 access_log /home/nginx/logs/images.log;#图片 日志路径 proxy_store on; proxy_store_access user:rw group:rw all:rw; proxy_temp_path /home/images/;#代理临时路径 proxy_redirect off; proxy_set_header Host 127.0.0.1; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; client_max_body_size 10m; client_body_buffer_size 1280k; proxy_connect_timeout 900; proxy_send_timeout 900; proxy_read_timeout 900; proxy_buffer_size 40k; proxy_buffers 40 320k; proxy_busy_buffers_size 640k; proxy_temp_file_write_size 640k; if ( !-e $request_filename) { proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080;#代理访问地址,和上面的端口一致 } } location / { root html; index index.html index.htm; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80 # #location ~ .php$ { # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1; #} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # #location ~ .php$ { # root html; # fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; # fastcgi_index index.php; # fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name; # include fastcgi_params; #} # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # #location ~ /.ht { # deny all; #} } # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration # #server { # listen 8000; # listen somename:8080; # server_name somename alias another.alias; # location / { # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # } #} # HTTPS server # #server { # listen 443 ssl; # server_name localhost; # ssl_certificate cert.pem; # ssl_certificate_key cert.key; # ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m; # ssl_session_timeout 5m; # ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5; # ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; # location / { # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # } #} }

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#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

    server {
        listen       8080;#写内网端口，访问时用外网端口进行映射访问
        server_name  localhost;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location ~ .*.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png)$ {  
            expires 24h;  
            root /home/images/;#指定图片存放路径  
            access_log /home/nginx/logs/images.log;#图片 日志路径  
            proxy_store on;  
            proxy_store_access user:rw group:rw all:rw;  
            proxy_temp_path         /home/images/;#代理临时路径
            proxy_redirect          off;  

            proxy_set_header        Host 127.0.0.1;  
            proxy_set_header        X-Real-IP $remote_addr;  
            proxy_set_header        X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;  
            client_max_body_size    10m;  
            client_body_buffer_size 1280k;  
            proxy_connect_timeout   900;  
            proxy_send_timeout      900;  
            proxy_read_timeout      900;  
            proxy_buffer_size       40k;  
            proxy_buffers           40 320k;  
            proxy_busy_buffers_size 640k;  
            proxy_temp_file_write_size 640k;  
            if ( !-e $request_filename)  
            {  
                 proxy_pass  http://127.0.0.1:8080;#代理访问地址,和上面的端口一致  
            }  
        }

        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ .php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ .php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }


    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}


    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}
}

server下listen的端口改为8088，并增加一个location配置，用于访问图片文件，这一串配置有#号在前面的注释掉的都可以删掉，免得看起来又长又乱。

6、启动命令： /home/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /home/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
打开防火墙对应端口供访问，8088，当然也可以直接关了防火墙。 
若修改了nginx.conf配置，则需要重启才生效，命令：/home/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

7、访问。 
输入ifconfig命令查看虚拟机ip，测试：

 

 

在/home/images下放张图片，测试访问：