概述
简介
Android原生的平台不支持NTFS和exFAT格式的文件系统,但是Linux已经有相应的开源代码,因此只需找到相应的源码将其移植到Android上即可。
我目前使用的系统是Android 4.4.2的,系统里已经集成了对NTFS文件系统的支持。所以我现在要做的就是将exFAT格式的文件系统移植过来。
基本概念
exFAT(Extended File Allocation Table),又名FAT64,是一种能特别适合于闪存的文件系统,可支持单个文件超过4GB的大小。
FUSE 用户空间文件系统(Filesystem in Userppace)是操作系统中的概念,指完全在用户态实现的文件系统。目前Linux通过内核模块对此进行支持。
上面是基于FUSE做的exFAT文件系统的支持,还有一种是exfat-nofuse的模式,由于时间原因没有去实践了,等以后有机会再去尝试下。感兴趣的同学可以自行去研究下看可不可行。
风骚实战
第一步:下载exFAT相关代码并将exFAT源码导入external目录下并编译通过
我这里是使用别人开源的在Android平台上的源码,exfat有官方源码,但是要在Android平台上编译通过还需要修改若干文件,这里我就取巧了,直接用别人整理好的库文件下载。但是这个源码已经修正了编译时的错误,直接可以开始配置Vold挂载的源码修改了。
第二步:实现拔插exFAT文件格式的U盘自动挂载
要想实现U盘自动挂载,需要修改system/vold/Volume.cpp文件。因为我的系统已经实现了NTFS文件系统的自动挂载,所以我只要依葫芦画瓢就好了。
首先,在system/vold/目录下,添加Exfat.h和Exfat.cpp文件,代码如下:
Exfat.h
#ifndef _EXFAT_H
#define _EXFAT_H
#include <unistd.h>
class Exfat {
public:
static int check(const char *fsPath);
static int doMount(const char *fsPath, const char *mountPoint,
bool ro, bool remount, bool executable,
int ownerUid, int ownerGid, int permMask,
bool createLost);
};
#endif
Exfat.cpp
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <sys/mount.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <linux/kdev_t.h>
#define LOG_TAG "Vold"
#include <cutils/log.h>
#include <cutils/properties.h>
#include <logwrap/logwrap.h>
#include "Exfat.h"
#include "VoldUtil.h"
static char EXFAT_FIX_PATH[] = "/system/bin/fsck.exfat";
static char EXFAT_MOUNT_PATH[] = "/system/bin/mount.exfat";
int Exfat::check(const char *fsPath) {
if (access(EXFAT_FIX_PATH, X_OK)) {
SLOGW("Skipping fs checksn");
return 0;
}
int rc = 0;
int status;
const char *args[4];
/* we first use -n to do ntfs detection */
args[0] = EXFAT_FIX_PATH;
args[1] = fsPath;
args[2] = NULL;
rc = android_fork_execvp(ARRAY_SIZE(args), (char **)args, &status, false,
true);
if (rc) {
errno = ENODATA;
return -1;
}
if (!WIFEXITED(status)) {
errno = ENODATA;
return -1;
}
status = WEXITSTATUS(status);
switch(status) {
case 0:
SLOGI("ExFat filesystem check completed OK");
break;
default:
SLOGE("Filesystem check failed (unknown exit code %d)", status);
errno = EIO;
return -1;
}
return 0;
}
int Exfat::doMount(const char *fsPath, const char *mountPoint,
bool ro, bool remount, bool executable,
int ownerUid, int ownerGid, int permMask, bool createLost) {
int rc;
int status;
char mountData[255];
const char *args[6];
/*
* Note: This is a temporary hack. If the sampling profiler is enabled,
* we make the SD card world-writable so any process can write snapshots.
*
* TODO: Remove this code once we have a drop box in system_server.
*/
char value[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
property_get("persist.sampling_profiler", value, "");
if (value[0] == '1') {
SLOGW("The SD card is world-writable because the"
" 'persist.sampling_profiler' system property is set to '1'.");
permMask = 0;
}
sprintf(mountData,
"utf8,uid=%d,gid=%d,fmask=%o,dmask=%o,"
"shortname=mixed,nodev,nosuid,dirsync",
ownerUid, ownerGid, permMask, permMask);
if (!executable)
strcat(mountData, ",noexec");
if (ro)
strcat(mountData, ",ro");
if (remount)
strcat(mountData, ",remount");
SLOGD("Mounting ntfs with options:%sn", mountData);
args[0] = EXFAT_MOUNT_PATH;
args[1] = "-o";
args[2] = mountData;
args[3] = fsPath;
args[4] = mountPoint;
args[5] = NULL;
rc = android_fork_execvp(ARRAY_SIZE(args), (char **)args, &status, false,
true);
if (rc && errno == EROFS) {
SLOGE("%s appears to be a read only filesystem - retrying mount RO", fsPath);
strcat(mountData, ",ro");
rc = android_fork_execvp(ARRAY_SIZE(args), (char **)args, &status, false,
true);
}
if (!WIFEXITED(status)) {
return rc;
}
if (rc == 0 && createLost) {
char *lost_path;
asprintf(&lost_path, "%s/LOST.DIR", mountPoint);
if (access(lost_path, F_OK)) {
/*
* Create a LOST.DIR in the root so we have somewhere to put
* lost cluster chains (fsck_msdos doesn't currently do this)
*/
if (mkdir(lost_path, 0755)) {
SLOGE("Unable to create LOST.DIR (%s)", strerror(errno));
}
}
free(lost_path);
}
return rc;
}
然后,在Android.mk中加入Exfat.cpp
common_src_files :=
...
Ntfs.cpp
Exfat.cpp
...
最后,在Volume.cpp中加入相应的代码
...
#include "Exfat.h"
...
int Volume::mountVol() {
...
for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
...
int ntfs = 0;
int exfat = 0; //add by steven
if (Fat::check(devicePath))
{
if (errno == ENODATA)
{
SLOGW("%s does not contain a FAT filesystemn", devicePath);
if (Fat::doMount(devicePath, getMountpoint(), false, false, false, AID_MEDIA_RW, AID_MEDIA_RW, 0002, true))
{
/* try the NTFS filesystem */
if (!Ntfs::check(devicePath))
{
ntfs = 1;
SLOGI("%s contain a NTFS filesystemn", devicePath);
goto mnt;
} /* try the EXFAT filesystem */
else if (!Exfat::check(devicePath)) { //add by steven
exfat = 1;
SLOGI("%s contain a EXFAT filesystemn", devicePath);
goto mnt;
}
else
{
if (Extfs::doMount(devicePath, getMountpoint(), false, false, AID_MEDIA_RW, AID_MEDIA_RW, 0002))
{
SLOGE("%s failed to mount via EXTFS (%s)n", devicePath, strerror(errno));
continue;
}
else
{
goto mounted;
}
}
}
else
{
goto mounted;
}
}
errno = EIO;
/* Badness - abort the mount */
SLOGE("%s failed FS checks (%s)", devicePath, strerror(errno));
setState(Volume::State_Idle);
return -1;
}
mnt:
errno = 0;
int gid;
if (ntfs)
{
if (Ntfs::doMount(devicePath, getMountpoint(), false, false, false, AID_MEDIA_RW, AID_MEDIA_RW, 0002, true))
{
SLOGE("%s failed to mount via NTFS (%s)n", devicePath, strerror(errno));
continue;
}
}
else if (exfat) { //add by steven
if (Exfat::doMount(devicePath, getMountpoint(), false, false, false, AID_MEDIA_RW, AID_MEDIA_RW, 0002, true))
{
SLOGE("%s failed to mount via Exfat (%s)n", devicePath, strerror(errno));
continue;
}
}
else if (Fat::doMount(devicePath, getMountpoint(), false, false, false, AID_MEDIA_RW, AID_MEDIA_RW, 0002, true))
{
SLOGE("%s failed to mount via VFAT (%s)n", devicePath, strerror(errno));
continue;
}
mounted:
extractMetadata(devicePath);
if (providesAsec && mountAsecExternal() != 0)
{
SLOGE("Failed to mount secure area (%s)", strerror(errno));
umount(getMountpoint());
setState(Volume::State_Idle);
return -1;
}
char service[64];
snprintf(service, 64, "fuse_%s", getLabel());
property_set("ctl.start", service);
setState(Volume::State_Mounted);
mCurrentlyMountedKdev = deviceNodes[i];
return 0;
}
SLOGE("Volume %s found no suitable devices for mounting :(n", getLabel());
setState(Volume::State_Idle);
return -1;
}
代码中exfat相关的都是添加的部分,主要做的事情就是检测设备节点是否是exFAT文件格式,如果是就挂载它。
第三步:将exfat加入系统中编译
在device/xxx/yyy.mk中加入exfat模块。这样系统编译的时候,会把exfat相关的文件编译进系统。
注:这里的xxx/yyy请根据自己的项目来决定加在哪个mk文件中。
# ntfs-3g binary
PRODUCT_PACKAGES +=
ntfs-3g
ntfsfix
# exfat binary
PRODUCT_PACKAGES +=
mount.exfat
最后
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