Linux环境下的Docker安装

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我是靠谱客的博主含蓄冷风，最近开发中收集的这篇文章主要介绍Linux环境下的Docker安装，觉得挺不错的，现在分享给大家，希望可以做个参考。

概述

Docker的安装

一. 环境准备

[root@hdzs-zhuji ~]# uname -r    --查看系统内核 需要 3.10以上
4.18.0-348.7.1.el8_5.x86_64

[root@hdzs-zhuji ~]# uname -r   ---查看系统版本
4.18.0-348.7.1.el8_5.x86_64
[root@hdzs-zhuji ~]# cat /etc/os-release
NAME="CentOS Linux"
VERSION="8"
ID="centos"
ID_LIKE="rhel fedora"
VERSION_ID="8"
PLATFORM_ID="platform:el8"
PRETTY_NAME="CentOS Linux 8"
ANSI_COLOR="0;31"
CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:centos:centos:8"
HOME_URL="https://centos.org/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.centos.org/"
CENTOS_MANTISBT_PROJECT="CentOS-8"
CENTOS_MANTISBT_PROJECT_VERSION="8"
[root@hdzs-zhuji ~]#

二. 卸载旧版本

 #卸载旧的版本
  yum remove docker 
                  docker-client 
                  docker-client-latest 
                  docker-common 
                  docker-latest 
                  docker-latest-logrotate 
                  docker-logrotate 
                  docker-engine

三.需要的安装包

 #下载需要的安装包
 yum install -y yum-utils

四.设置镜像的仓库

#设置镜像仓库   但是这是国外的镜像仓库  下载会十分缓慢!!
yum-config-manager 
    --add-repo 
    https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo   --不用
    
    yum-config-manager 
    --add-repo 
    http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo  --阿里云

五.安装Docker相关的

#安装    docker-ce  ---社区版   ee 企业版
yum install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

[root@hdzs-zhuji ~]# systemctl start docker    ---启动docker
[root@hdzs-zhuji ~]# docker version            ---检查是否安装成功
Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:           20.10.18
 API version:       1.41
 Go version:        go1.18.6
 Git commit:        b40c2f6
 Built:             Thu Sep  8 23:11:56 2022
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Context:           default
 Experimental:      true

Server: Docker Engine - Community
 Engine:
  Version:          20.10.18
  API version:      1.41 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:       go1.18.6
  Git commit:       e42327a
  Built:            Thu Sep  8 23:10:04 2022
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false
 containerd:
  Version:          1.6.8
  GitCommit:        9cd3357b7fd7218e4aec3eae239db1f68a5a6ec6
 runc:
  Version:          1.1.4
  GitCommit:        v1.1.4-0-g5fd4c4d
 docker-init:
  Version:          0.19.0
  GitCommit:        de40ad0

六.测试

[root@hdzs-zhuji ~]# docker run hello-world   --运行hello-world
Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally  --首次说没找到
latest: Pulling from library/hello-world            --下载
2db29710123e: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:62af9efd515a25f84961b70f973a798d2eca956b1b2b026d0a4a63a3b0b6a3f2
Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest

Hello from Docker!              ----成功!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
    (amd64)
 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
    executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
    to your terminal.

To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
 $ docker run -it ubuntu bash

Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
 https://hub.docker.com/

For more examples and ideas, visit:
 https://docs.docker.com/get-started/

7. 查看镜像

刚才运行了 docker run hello-world 并且下载了相关镜像

##查看镜像
[root@hdzs-zhuji ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
hello-world   latest    feb5d9fea6a5   12 months ago   13.3kB
[root@hdzs-zhuji ~]#

8. 卸载Docker

###卸载Docker 资源
yum remove docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-compose-plugin
rm -rf /var/lib/docker
rm -rf /var/lib/containerd

9. 配置阿里云镜像加速器

地址 https://cr.console.aliyun.com/cn-beijing/instances/mirrors

配置使用

针对Docker客户端版本大于 1.10.0 的用户

可以通过修改daemon配置文件/etc/docker/daemon.json来使用加速器

sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker
sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://sexvedjf.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart docker

##完成配置