搭建Docker私有仓库的详细教程

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我是靠谱客的博主文静紫菜，最近开发中收集的这篇文章主要介绍搭建Docker私有仓库的详细教程，觉得挺不错的，现在分享给大家，希望可以做个参考。

概述

1.Docker registry 说明
本文记录的个人完整搭建docker registry操作过程，官方虽然提供了Docker Hub作为一个公开的集中仓库，但是天朝的网络可想而知，第一次pull一个镜像不是失败就是时间很长，为了解决这个问题需要创建一个私有的仓库在本地pull 本地push。我使用的docker版本是:1.5.0

2、安装docker-registry

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代码如下:

docker run -d -e SETTINGS_FLAVOR=dev -e STORAGE_PATH=/tmp/registry -v /alidata/registry:/tmp/registry -p 5000:5000 registry

# 如果本地没有下载过docker-registry，则首次会pull registry 运行时会映射路径和端口，以后就可以从/data/registry下找到私有仓库

3、客户端上的操作
#从本地仓库上获取有哪些镜像

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代码如下:

curl -X GET http://registry.wpython.com:5000/v1/search

curl http://registry.wpython.com:5000/v1/search
{"num_results": 1, "query": "", "results": [{"description": "", "name": "library/centos6"}]}

# 拉取到本地

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代码如下:

docker pull library/centos6

# tag 一个镜像

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代码如下:

docker tag 8552ea9a16f9 registry.wpython.com:5000/centos6_x86_64.mini

# 将新的docker images push 到本地仓库

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代码如下:

docker push registry.wpython.com:5000/centos6_x86_64.mini

4、加入nginx认证
Docker 启动监听端口后，使用的是 http，可以远程来管理 Docker 主机。
这样的场景存在弊端，API 层面是没有提供用户验证、Token 之类身份验证功能，任何人都可以通过地址加端口来控制 Docker 主机，为了避免这样的情况发生，Docker 官方也支持 https 方式，不过需要我们自己来生成证书。
新版本的docker 也强制必须使用https否则会报错

# 安装nginx过程略
创建一个登陆用户(如果没有htpasswd命令请安装httpd-tools这个包)

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代码如下:

htpasswd -c /alidata/server/nginx/docker-registry.htpasswd admin
New password:
Re-type new password:
Adding password for user admin

# 生成根密钥

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代码如下:

cd /etc/pki/CA/
openssl genrsa -out private/cakey.pem 2048

# 生成根证书

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代码如下:

openssl req -new -x509 -key private/cakey.pem -out cacert.pem

Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:CN
State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:Brijing
Locality Name (eg, city) []:Chaoyang
Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:
Common Name (e.g. server FQDN or YOUR name) []:registry.wpython.com
Email Address []:

# 为nginx服务器生成ssl密钥

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代码如下:

cd /alidata/server/nginx/ssl
openssl genrsa -out nginx.key 2048

# 为nginx生成的证书签署请求

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代码如下:

openssl req -new -key nginx.key -out nginx.csr

You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:CN
State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:Beijing
Locality Name (eg, city) []:Chaoyang
Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:
Common Name (e.g. server FQDN or YOUR name) []:registry.wpython.com
Email Address []:

Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:
An optional company name []:

# 私有CA根据请求来签发证书

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代码如下:

openssl ca -in nginx.csr -out nginx.crt

# 如果报如下错误：
Using configuration from /usr/local/ssl/openssl.cnf
/etc/pki/CA/index.txt: No such file or directory
unable to open '/etc/pki/CA/index.txt'
140137408210600:error:02001002:system library:fopen:No such file or directory:bss_file.c:398:fopen('/etc/pki/CA/index.txt','r')
140137408210600:error:20074002:BIO routines:FILE_CTRL:system lib:bss_file.c:400:

# 执行以下命令

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代码如下:

cd /etc/pki/CA/
mkdir newcerts
touch index.txt
touch serial
echo 01 > serial
cd -

openssl ca -in nginx.csr -out nginx.crt

Using configuration from /usr/local/ssl/openssl.cnf
Check that the request matches the signature
Signature ok
Certificate Details:
        Serial Number: 1 (0x1)
        Validity
            Not Before: May 12 04:15:08 2015 GMT
            Not After : May 11 04:15:08 2016 GMT
        Subject:
            countryName               = CN
            stateOrProvinceName       = Beijing
            organizationName          = Internet Widgits Pty Ltd
            commonName                = registry.wpython.com
            emailAddress              = 739827282@qq.com
        X509v3 extensions:
            X509v3 Basic Constraints:
                CA:FALSE
            Netscape Comment:
                OpenSSL Generated Certificate
            X509v3 Subject Key Identifier:
                B5:20:C7:47:26:D9:26:54:12:F7:36:7E:4E:3A:F0:D9:0E:2C:F7:BD
            X509v3 Authority Key Identifier:
                keyid:93:F7:86:72:1B:2B:24:CD:AF:24:EF:53:F4:E1:FA:EC:E7:70:1A:90

Certificate is to be certified until May 11 04:15:08 2016 GMT (365 days)
Sign the certificate? [y/n]:y

1 out of 1 certificate requests certified, commit? [y/n]y
Write out database with 1 new entries
Data Base Updated

# 发现根证书

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代码如下:

# cp /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt{,.bak} 备份以防出错
# cat /etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem >> /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt

# 创建nginx配置文件

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代码如下:

# vi /alidata/server/nginx/conf/vhosts/www.wpython.com.conf
upstream docker-registry {

server localhost:5000;
}

server {
listen 8080;
server_name registry.wpython.com;

# enabled ssl
ssl on;
ssl_certificate /alidata/server/nginx/ssl/nginx.crt;
ssl_certificate_key /alidata/server/nginx/ssl/nginx.key;

proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
client_max_body_size 0;
chunked_transfer_encoding on;

location / {

auth_basic "Restricted";
auth_basic_user_file docker-registry.htpasswd;
proxy_pass http://docker-registry;

}

location /_ping {

auth_basic off;
proxy_pass http://docker-registry;

}

location /v1/_ping {
auth_basic off;
proxy_pass http://docker-registry;
}
}

# 完成测试

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代码如下:

# docker login https://registry.wpython.com:8080
Username: admin
Password:
Email: 739827282@qq.com
Login Succeeded