概述
CentOS系统使用yum安装Nginx服务器
文章目录
- CentOS系统使用yum安装Nginx服务器
- 1. 概述
- 2. 安装`yum-utils`工具：
- 3. 设置yum仓库：
- 3.1 创建`/etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo`文件
- 3.2 编辑文件内容
- 4. 配置安装包
- 5. 安装nginx
- 6. 安装过程
- 7. 参数解释及nginx启动
- 7.1 `-t`参数
- 7.2 `-V`参数
- 7.3 启动nginx
- 7.4 停止nginx
- 7.5 重启nginx
1. 概述
根据官方提供的文档在CentOS操作系统上使用yum快速安装nginx服务器。
-
在新机器上首次安装nginx之前，需要配置nginx软件包仓库库。
-
可以从仓库中安装和更新nginx
官网地址：http://nginx.org/en/linux_packages.html
2. 安装yum-utils工具：
yum install yum-utils
3. 设置yum仓库：
3.1 创建/etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo文件
#通过vim在没有该文件的情况下，直接创建新文件
vim /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo
3.2 编辑文件内容
[nginx-stable]
name=nginx stable repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key
module_hotfixes=true
[nginx-mainline]
name=nginx mainline repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key
module_hotfixes=true
4. 配置安装包
-
默认使用stable nginx安装包仓库，对应上述
[nginx-stable] -
若使用mainline nginx安装包，对应上述
[nginx-mainline], 使用下述命令
#开启使用nginx-mainline
yum-config-manager --enable nginx-mainline
5. 安装nginx
yum install nginx
安装过程中，当提示接受GPG密钥时，请验证指纹是否与
573B FD6B 3D8F BC64 1079 A6AB ABF5 BD82 7BD9 BF62匹配。若匹配，则接受它。
6. 安装过程
#1.安装yum-utils工具
[root@izwz97v6f2nxfmqc5cc8taz /]# yum install yum-utils
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
epel | 4.7 kB 00:00:00
extras | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
updates | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
(1/2): epel/x86_64/updateinfo | 1.0 MB 00:00:00
(2/2): epel/x86_64/primary_db | 6.9 MB 00:00:00
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package yum-utils.noarch 0:1.1.31-54.el7_8 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: python-kitchen for package: yum-utils-1.1.31-54.el7_8.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: libxml2-python for package: yum-utils-1.1.31-54.el7_8.noarch
--> Running transaction check
---> Package libxml2-python.x86_64 0:2.9.1-6.el7.5 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libxml2 = 2.9.1-6.el7.5 for package: libxml2-python-2.9.1-6.el7.5.x86_64
---> Package python-kitchen.noarch 0:1.1.1-5.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: python-chardet for package: python-kitchen-1.1.1-5.el7.noarch
--> Running transaction check
---> Package libxml2.x86_64 0:2.9.1-6.el7_2.3 will be updated
---> Package libxml2.x86_64 0:2.9.1-6.el7.5 will be an update
---> Package python-chardet.noarch 0:2.2.1-3.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
===================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
===================================================================================================================================
Installing:
yum-utils noarch 1.1.31-54.el7_8 base 122 k
Installing for dependencies:
libxml2-python x86_64 2.9.1-6.el7.5 base 247 k
python-chardet noarch 2.2.1-3.el7 base 227 k
python-kitchen noarch 1.1.1-5.el7 base 267 k
Updating for dependencies:
libxml2 x86_64 2.9.1-6.el7.5 base 668 k
Transaction Summary
===================================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package (+3 Dependent packages)
Upgrade ( 1 Dependent package)
Total download size: 1.5 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y #输入y 回车同意下载
Downloading packages:
Delta RPMs disabled because /usr/bin/applydeltarpm not installed.
(1/5): libxml2-python-2.9.1-6.el7.5.x86_64.rpm | 247 kB 00:00:00
(2/5): python-chardet-2.2.1-3.el7.noarch.rpm | 227 kB 00:00:00
(3/5): python-kitchen-1.1.1-5.el7.noarch.rpm | 267 kB 00:00:00
(4/5): yum-utils-1.1.31-54.el7_8.noarch.rpm | 122 kB 00:00:00
(5/5): libxml2-2.9.1-6.el7.5.x86_64.rpm | 668 kB 00:00:00
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 3.6 MB/s | 1.5 MB 00:00:00
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Updating : libxml2-2.9.1-6.el7.5.x86_64 1/6
Installing : libxml2-python-2.9.1-6.el7.5.x86_64 2/6
Installing : python-chardet-2.2.1-3.el7.noarch 3/6
Installing : python-kitchen-1.1.1-5.el7.noarch 4/6
Installing : yum-utils-1.1.31-54.el7_8.noarch 5/6
Cleanup : libxml2-2.9.1-6.el7_2.3.x86_64 6/6
Verifying : libxml2-python-2.9.1-6.el7.5.x86_64 1/6
Verifying : python-chardet-2.2.1-3.el7.noarch 2/6
Verifying : python-kitchen-1.1.1-5.el7.noarch 3/6
Verifying : yum-utils-1.1.31-54.el7_8.noarch 4/6
Verifying : libxml2-2.9.1-6.el7.5.x86_64 5/6
Verifying : libxml2-2.9.1-6.el7_2.3.x86_64 6/6
Installed:
yum-utils.noarch 0:1.1.31-54.el7_8
Dependency Installed:
libxml2-python.x86_64 0:2.9.1-6.el7.5 python-chardet.noarch 0:2.2.1-3.el7 python-kitchen.noarch 0:1.1.1-5.el7
Dependency Updated:
libxml2.x86_64 0:2.9.1-6.el7.5
Complete! #安装完成
#2.创建nginx.repo文件，并输入内容
[root@izwz97v6f2nxfmqc5cc8taz /]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo
#########
#上述内容#
#########
#3.切换nginx-mainline软件包
[root@izwz97v6f2nxfmqc5cc8taz /]# yum-config-manager --enable nginx-mainline
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
====================================================== repo: nginx-mainline =======================================================
[nginx-mainline]
async = True
bandwidth = 0
base_persistdir = /var/lib/yum/repos/x86_64/7
baseurl = http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/centos/7/x86_64/
cache = 0
cachedir = /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/nginx-mainline
check_config_file_age = True
compare_providers_priority = 80
cost = 1000
deltarpm_metadata_percentage = 100
deltarpm_percentage =
enabled = 1
enablegroups = True
exclude =
failovermethod = priority
ftp_disable_epsv = False
gpgcadir = /var/lib/yum/repos/x86_64/7/nginx-mainline/gpgcadir
gpgcakey =
gpgcheck = True
gpgdir = /var/lib/yum/repos/x86_64/7/nginx-mainline/gpgdir
gpgkey = https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key
hdrdir = /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/nginx-mainline/headers
http_caching = all
includepkgs =
ip_resolve =
keepalive = True
keepcache = False
mddownloadpolicy = sqlite
mdpolicy = group:small
mediaid =
metadata_expire = 21600
metadata_expire_filter = read-only:present
metalink =
minrate = 0
mirrorlist =
mirrorlist_expire = 86400
name = nginx mainline repo
old_base_cache_dir =
password =
persistdir = /var/lib/yum/repos/x86_64/7/nginx-mainline
pkgdir = /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/nginx-mainline/packages
proxy = False
proxy_dict =
proxy_password =
proxy_username =
repo_gpgcheck = False
retries = 10
skip_if_unavailable = False
ssl_check_cert_permissions = True
sslcacert =
sslclientcert =
sslclientkey =
sslverify = True
throttle = 0
timeout = 30.0
ui_id = nginx-mainline/7/x86_64
ui_repoid_vars = releasever,
basearch
username =
#4.安装nginx
[root@izwz97v6f2nxfmqc5cc8taz /]# yum install nginx
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
nginx-mainline | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
nginx-stable | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
(1/2): nginx-stable/7/x86_64/primary_db | 63 kB 00:00:01
(2/2): nginx-mainline/7/x86_64/primary_db | 202 kB 00:00:01
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package nginx.x86_64 1:1.20.0-1.el7.ngx will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
===================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
===================================================================================================================================
Installing:
nginx x86_64 1:1.20.0-1.el7.ngx nginx-stable 790 k
Transaction Summary
===================================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package
Total download size: 790 k
Installed size: 2.8 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y #y 确认
Downloading packages:
warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/nginx-stable/packages/nginx-1.20.0-1.el7.ngx.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 7bd9bf62: NOKEY
Public key for nginx-1.20.0-1.el7.ngx.x86_64.rpm is not installed
nginx-1.20.0-1.el7.ngx.x86_64.rpm | 790 kB 00:00:02
Retrieving key from https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key
Importing GPG key 0x7BD9BF62:
Userid : "nginx signing key <signing-key@nginx.com>"
Fingerprint: 573b fd6b 3d8f bc64 1079 a6ab abf5 bd82 7bd9 bf62
From : https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key
Is this ok [y/N]: y #验证上两行的指纹是否与官网一致#573b fd6b 3d8f bc64 1079 a6ab abf5 bd82 7bd9 bf62#
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : 1:nginx-1.20.0-1.el7.ngx.x86_64 1/1
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for using nginx!
Please find the official documentation for nginx here:
* https://nginx.org/en/docs/
Please subscribe to nginx-announce mailing list to get
the most important news about nginx:
* https://nginx.org/en/support.html
Commercial subscriptions for nginx are available on:
* https://nginx.com/products/
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Verifying : 1:nginx-1.20.0-1.el7.ngx.x86_64 1/1
Installed:
nginx.x86_64 1:1.20.0-1.el7.ngx
Complete! #安装完成，默认安装成功后以启动
#5.可以查看nginx在哪
[root@izwz97v6f2nxfmqc5cc8taz /]# whereis nginx
nginx: /usr/sbin/nginx /usr/lib64/nginx /etc/nginx /usr/share/nginx /usr/share/man/man8/nginx.8.gz
7. 参数解释及nginx启动
7.1 -t参数
#在nginx的启动目录下，本文默认是/usr/sbin/目录下
#检查配置文件是否正确，若不正确则会提示
./nginx -t
[root@izwz97v6f2nxfmqc5cc8taz sbin]# ./nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
7.2 -V参数
可以查看nginx安装位置等信息，以及查看安装了哪些模块
[root@izwz97v6f2nxfmqc5cc8taz sbin]# ./nginx -V
nginx version: nginx/1.20.0
built by gcc 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44) (GCC)
built with OpenSSL 1.0.2k-fips 26 Jan 2017
TLS SNI support enabled
configure arguments: --prefix=/etc/nginx --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx --modules-path=/usr/lib64/nginx/modules --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/run/nginx.lock --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/client_temp --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-compat --with-file-aio --with-threads --with-http_addition_module --with-http_auth_request_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_mp4_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_secure_link_module --with-http_slice_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_v2_module --with-mail --with-mail_ssl_module --with-stream --with-stream_realip_module --with-stream_ssl_module --with-stream_ssl_preread_module --with-cc-opt='-O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -m64 -mtune=generic -fPIC' --with-ld-opt='-Wl,-z,relro -Wl,-z,now -pie'
[root@izwz97v6f2nxfmqc5cc8taz sbin]#
7.3 启动nginx
# 默认配置文件 conf/nginx.conf;通过-c参数可以指定配置文件
./sbin/nginx
7.4 停止nginx
#使用命令停止
./sbin/nginx -s stop
#或者直接kill -9 nignx进程id
kill -9 nginx-pid
7.5 重启nginx
#重启，不会改变启动时指定的配置文件
./sbin/nginx -s reload
最后
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